timbl(1) | General Commands Manual | timbl(1) |
NAME¶
timbl - Tilburg Memory Based LearnerSYNOPSYS¶
timbl [options]DESCRIPTION¶
TiMBL is an open source software package implementing several memory-based learning algorithms, among which IB1-IG, an implementation of k-nearest neighbor classification with feature weighting suitable for symbolic feature spaces, and IGTree, a decision-tree approximation of IB1-IG. All implemented algorithms have in common that they store some representation of the training set explicitly in memory. During testing, new cases are classified by extrapolation from the most similar stored cases.OPTIONS¶
-a <n> or -a <string>determines the classification algorithm.
Possible values are:
0 or IB
the IB1 (k-NN) algorithm (default)
1 or IGTREE
a decision-tree-based approximation of IB1
2 or TRIBL
a hybrid of IB1 and IGTREE
3 or IB2
an incremental editing version of IB1
4 or TRIBL2
a non-parameteric version of TRIBL
the IB1 (k-NN) algorithm (default)
a decision-tree-based approximation of IB1
a hybrid of IB1 and IGTREE
an incremental editing version of IB1
a non-parameteric version of TRIBL
number of lines used for bootstrapping (IB2
only)
number of bins used for discretization of
numeric feature values
limit +v db output to n highest-vote
classes
number f threads to use for parallel
testing
clipping frequency for prestoring MVDM
matrices
store distributions on all nodes (necessary
for using +v db with IGTree, but wastes memory otherwise)
rescale weight (see docs)
weigh neighbors as function of their distance:
Z : equal weights to all (default)
ID : Inverse Distance
IL : Inverse Linear
ED:a : Exponential Decay with factor a (no whitespace!)
ED:a:b : Exponential Decay with factor a and b (no whitespace!)
Z : equal weights to all (default)
ID : Inverse Distance
IL : Inverse Linear
ED:a : Exponential Decay with factor a (no whitespace!)
ED:a:b : Exponential Decay with factor a and b (no whitespace!)
estimate time until n patterns tested
read from data file 'file' OR use filenames
from 'file' for cross validation test
assume the specified input format (Compact,
C4.5, ARFF, Columns, Binary, Sparse )
normalize distibutions (+v db option only)
Supported normalizations are:
Probability or 0
normalize between 0 and 1
addFactor:<f> or 1:<f>
add f to all possible targets, then normalize between 0 and 1 (default f=1.0).
logProbability or 2
Add 1 to the target Weight, take the 10Log and then normalize between 0 and 1
write hashed trees (default +H)
read the InstanceBase from 'file' (skips phase
1 & 2 )
dump the InstanceBase in 'file'
search 'n' nearest neighbors (default n =
1)
set value frequency threshold to back off from
MVDM to Overlap at level n
fixed feature value length (Compact format
only)
use feature metrics as specified in' string':
The format is : GlobalMetric:MetricRange:MetricRange
e.g.: mO:N3:I2,5-7
C: cosine distance. (Global only. numeric features implied)
D: dot product. (Global only. numeric features implied)
DC: Dice coefficient
O: weighted overlap (default)
E: Euclidian distance
L: Levenshtein distance
M: modified value difference
J: Jeffrey divergence
S: Jensen-Shannon divergence
N: numeric values
I: Ignore named values
The format is : GlobalMetric:MetricRange:MetricRange
e.g.: mO:N3:I2,5-7
C: cosine distance. (Global only. numeric features implied)
D: dot product. (Global only. numeric features implied)
DC: Dice coefficient
O: weighted overlap (default)
E: Euclidian distance
L: Levenshtein distance
M: modified value difference
J: Jeffrey divergence
S: Jensen-Shannon divergence
N: numeric values
I: Ignore named values
read ValueDifference Matrices from file
'file'
store ValueDifference Matrices in 'file'
create a C4.5-style names file 'file'
size of MaxBests Array
number of features (default 2500)
use s as output filename
save output using 'path'
show progress every n lines (default p =
100,000)
read data using 'path'
set TRIBL threshold at level n
solve ties at random with seed n
use the exemplar weights from the input
file
ignore the exemplar weights from the input
file
use feature n as the class label. (default:
the last feature)
test using 'file'
test with the leave-one-out testing regimen
(IB1 only). you may add --sloppy to speed up leave-one-out testing (but see
docs)
perform cross-validation test (IB1 only)
test using files and options described in
'file' Supported options: d e F k m o p q R t u v w x % -
ordering of the Tree:
DO: none
GRO: using GainRatio
IGO: using InformationGain
1/V: using 1/# of Values
G/V: using GainRatio/# of Valuess
I/V: using InfoGain/# of Valuess
X2O: using X-square
X/V: using X-square/# of Values
SVO: using Shared Variance
S/V: using Shared Variance/# of Values
GxE: using GainRatio * SplitInfo
IxE: using InformationGain * SplitInfo
1/S: using 1/SplitInfo
DO: none
GRO: using GainRatio
IGO: using InformationGain
1/V: using 1/# of Values
G/V: using GainRatio/# of Valuess
I/V: using InfoGain/# of Valuess
X2O: using X-square
X/V: using X-square/# of Values
SVO: using Shared Variance
S/V: using Shared Variance/# of Values
GxE: using GainRatio * SplitInfo
IxE: using InformationGain * SplitInfo
1/S: using 1/SplitInfo
read value-class probabilities from
'file'
save value-class probabilities in 'file'
Show VERSION
set or unset verbosity level, where level is:
s: work silently
o: show all options set
b: show node/branch count and branching factor
f: show calculated feature weights (default)
p: show value difference matrices
e: show exact matches
as: show advanced statistics (memory consuming)
cm: show confusion matrix (implies +vas)
cs: show per-class statistics (implies +vas)
cf: add confidence to output file (needs -G)
di: add distance to output file
db: add distribution of best matched to output file
md: add matching depth to output file.
k: add a summary for all k neigbors to output file (sets -x)
n: add nearest neigbors to output file (sets -x)
You may combine levels using '+' e.g. +v p+db or -v o+di
s: work silently
o: show all options set
b: show node/branch count and branching factor
f: show calculated feature weights (default)
p: show value difference matrices
e: show exact matches
as: show advanced statistics (memory consuming)
cm: show confusion matrix (implies +vas)
cs: show per-class statistics (implies +vas)
cf: add confidence to output file (needs -G)
di: add distance to output file
db: add distribution of best matched to output file
md: add matching depth to output file.
k: add a summary for all k neigbors to output file (sets -x)
n: add nearest neigbors to output file (sets -x)
You may combine levels using '+' e.g. +v p+db or -v o+di
weighting
0 or nw: no weighting
1 or gr: weigh using gain ratio (default)
2 or ig: weigh using information gain
3 or x2: weigh using the chi-square statistic
4 or sv: weigh using the shared variance statistic
5 or sd: weigh using standard deviation. (all features must be numeric)
0 or nw: no weighting
1 or gr: weigh using gain ratio (default)
2 or ig: weigh using information gain
3 or x2: weigh using the chi-square statistic
4 or sv: weigh using the shared variance statistic
5 or sd: weigh using standard deviation. (all features must be numeric)
read weights from 'file'
read weight n from 'file'
calculate and save all weights in 'file'
do or don't save test result (%) to file
do or don't use the exact match shortcut
(IB1 and IB2 only, default is -x)
(IB1 and IB2 only, default is -x)
dump the InstanceBase as XML in 'file'
BUGS¶
possiblyAUTHORS¶
Ko van der Sloot Timbl@uvt.nlSEE ALSO¶
timblserver(1)2011 may 16 |