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SMB.CONF(5) | File Formats and Conventions | SMB.CONF(5) |
NAME¶
smb.conf - The configuration file for the Samba suiteSYNOPSIS¶
The smb.conf file is a configuration file for the Samba suite. smb.conf contains runtime configuration information for the Samba programs. The smb.conf file is designed to be configured and administered by the swat(8) program. The complete description of the file format and possible parameters held within are here for reference purposes.FILE FORMAT¶
The file consists of sections and parameters. A section begins with the name of the section in square brackets and continues until the next section begins. Sections contain parameters of the form:name = value
SECTION DESCRIPTIONS¶
Each section in the configuration file (except for the [global] section) describes a shared resource (known as a “share”). The section name is the name of the shared resource and the parameters within the section define the shares attributes. There are three special sections, [global], [homes] and [printers], which are described under special sections. The following notes apply to ordinary section descriptions. A share consists of a directory to which access is being given plus a description of the access rights which are granted to the user of the service. Some housekeeping options are also specifiable. Sections are either file share services (used by the client as an extension of their native file systems) or printable services (used by the client to access print services on the host running the server). Sections may be designated guest services, in which case no password is required to access them. A specified UNIX guest account is used to define access privileges in this case. Sections other than guest services will require a password to access them. The client provides the username. As older clients only provide passwords and not usernames, you may specify a list of usernames to check against the password using the user = option in the share definition. For modern clients such as Windows 95/98/ME/NT/2000, this should not be necessary. The access rights granted by the server are masked by the access rights granted to the specified or guest UNIX user by the host system. The server does not grant more access than the host system grants. The following sample section defines a file space share. The user has write access to the path /home/bar. The share is accessed via the share name foo:[foo] path = /home/bar read only = no
[aprinter] path = /usr/spool/public read only = yes printable = yes guest ok = yes
SPECIAL SECTIONS¶
The [global] section¶
Parameters in this section apply to the server as a whole, or are defaults for sections that do not specifically define certain items. See the notes under PARAMETERS for more information.The [homes] section¶
If a section called [homes] is included in the configuration file, services connecting clients to their home directories can be created on the fly by the server. When the connection request is made, the existing sections are scanned. If a match is found, it is used. If no match is found, the requested section name is treated as a username and looked up in the local password file. If the name exists and the correct password has been given, a share is created by cloning the [homes] section. Some modifications are then made to the newly created share:•The share name is changed from homes to
the located username.
•If no path was given, the path is set
to the user´s home directory.
path = /data/pchome/%S
[homes] read only = no
The [printers] section¶
This section works like [homes], but for printers. If a [printers] section occurs in the configuration file, users are able to connect to any printer specified in the local host´s printcap file. When a connection request is made, the existing sections are scanned. If a match is found, it is used. If no match is found, but a [homes] section exists, it is used as described above. Otherwise, the requested section name is treated as a printer name and the appropriate printcap file is scanned to see if the requested section name is a valid printer share name. If a match is found, a new printer share is created by cloning the [printers] section. A few modifications are then made to the newly created share:•The share name is set to the located
printer name
•If no printer name was given, the
printer name is set to the located printer name
•If the share does not permit guest
access and no username was given, the username is set to the located printer
name.
[printers] path = /usr/spool/public guest ok = yes printable = yes
alias|alias|alias|alias...
USERSHARES¶
Starting with Samba version 3.0.23 the capability for non-root users to add, modify, and delete their own share definitions has been added. This capability is called usershares and is controlled by a set of parameters in the [global] section of the smb.conf. The relevant parameters are : usershare allow guestsControls if usershares can permit guest
access.
usershare max shares
Maximum number of user defined shares
allowed.
usershare owner only
If set only directories owned by the sharing
user can be shared.
usershare path
Points to the directory containing the user
defined share definitions. The filesystem permissions on this directory
control who can create user defined shares.
usershare prefix allow list
Comma-separated list of absolute pathnames
restricting what directories can be shared. Only directories below the
pathnames in this list are permitted.
usershare prefix deny list
Comma-separated list of absolute pathnames
restricting what directories can be shared. Directories below the pathnames in
this list are prohibited.
usershare template share
Names a pre-existing share used as a template
for creating new usershares. All other share parameters not specified in the
user defined share definition are copied from this named share.
To allow members of the UNIX group foo to create user defined shares, create the
directory to contain the share definitions as follows:
Become root:
mkdir /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares chgrp foo /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares chmod 1770 /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares
usershare path = /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares usershare max shares = 10 # (or the desired number of shares)
To create or modify (overwrite) a user defined
share.
net usershare delete sharename
To delete a user defined share.
net usershare list wildcard-sharename
To list user defined shares.
net usershare info wildcard-sharename
To print information about user defined
shares.
PARAMETERS¶
Parameters define the specific attributes of sections. Some parameters are specific to the [global] section (e.g., security). Some parameters are usable in all sections (e.g., create mask). All others are permissible only in normal sections. For the purposes of the following descriptions the [homes] and [printers] sections will be considered normal. The letter G in parentheses indicates that a parameter is specific to the [global] section. The letter S indicates that a parameter can be specified in a service specific section. All S parameters can also be specified in the [global] section - in which case they will define the default behavior for all services. Parameters are arranged here in alphabetical order - this may not create best bedfellows, but at least you can find them! Where there are synonyms, the preferred synonym is described, others refer to the preferred synonym.VARIABLE SUBSTITUTIONS¶
Many of the strings that are settable in the config file can take substitutions. For example the option “path = /tmp/%u” is interpreted as “path = /tmp/john” if the user connected with the username john. These substitutions are mostly noted in the descriptions below, but there are some general substitutions which apply whenever they might be relevant. These are: %Usession username (the username that the client
wanted, not necessarily the same as the one they got).
%G
primary group name of %U.
%h
the Internet hostname that Samba is running
on.
%m
the NetBIOS name of the client machine (very
useful).
This parameter is not available when Samba listens on port 445, as clients no
longer send this information. If you use this macro in an include statement on
a domain that has a Samba domain controller be sure to set in the [global]
section smb ports = 139. This will cause Samba to not listen on port
445 and will permit include functionality to function as it did with Samba
2.x.
%L
the NetBIOS name of the server. This allows
you to change your config based on what the client calls you. Your server can
have a “dual personality”.
%M
the Internet name of the client machine.
%R
the selected protocol level after protocol
negotiation. It can be one of CORE, COREPLUS, LANMAN1, LANMAN2 or NT1.
%d
the process id of the current server
process.
%a
The architecture of the remote machine. It
currently recognizes Samba ( Samba), the Linux CIFS file system
(CIFSFS), OS/2, ( OS2), Mac OS X (OSX), Windows for
Workgroups ( WfWg), Windows 9x/ME (Win95), Windows NT
(WinNT), Windows 2000 ( Win2K), Windows XP (WinXP),
Windows XP 64-bit( WinXP64), Windows 2003 including 2003R2
(Win2K3), and Windows Vista ( Vista). Anything else will be
known as UNKNOWN.
%I
the IP address of the client machine.
Before 3.6.0 it could contain IPv4 mapped IPv6 addresses, now it only contains
IPv4 or IPv6 addresses.
%i
the local IP address to which a client
connected.
Before 3.6.0 it could contain IPv4 mapped IPv6 addresses, now it only contains
IPv4 or IPv6 addresses.
%T
the current date and time.
%D
name of the domain or workgroup of the current
user.
%w
the winbind separator.
%$( envvar)
the value of the environment variable
envar.
The following substitutes apply only to some configuration options (only those
that are used when a connection has been established):
%S
the name of the current service, if any.
%P
the root directory of the current service, if
any.
%u
username of the current service, if any.
%g
primary group name of %u.
%H
the home directory of the user given by
%u.
%N
the name of your NIS home directory server.
This is obtained from your NIS auto.map entry. If you have not compiled Samba
with the --with-automount option, this value will be the same as
%L.
%p
the path of the service´s home directory,
obtained from your NIS auto.map entry. The NIS auto.map entry is split up as
%N:%p.
There are some quite creative things that can be done with these substitutions
and other smb.conf options.
NAME MANGLING¶
Samba supports name mangling so that DOS and Windows clients can use files that don´t conform to the 8.3 format. It can also be set to adjust the case of 8.3 format filenames. There are several options that control the way mangling is performed, and they are grouped here rather than listed separately. For the defaults look at the output of the testparm program. These options can be set separately for each service. The options are: case sensitive = yes/no/autocontrols whether filenames are case sensitive.
If they aren´t, Samba must do a filename search and match on passed
names. The default setting of auto allows clients that support case sensitive
filenames (Linux CIFSVFS and smbclient 3.0.5 and above currently) to tell the
Samba server on a per-packet basis that they wish to access the file system in
a case-sensitive manner (to support UNIX case sensitive semantics). No Windows
or DOS system supports case-sensitive filename so setting this option to auto
is that same as setting it to no for them. Default auto.
default case = upper/lower
controls what the default case is for new
filenames (ie. files that don´t currently exist in the filesystem).
Default lower. IMPORTANT NOTE: As part of the optimizations for
directories containing large numbers of files, the following special case
applies. If the options case sensitive = yes, preserve case =
No, and short preserve case = No are set, then the case of
all incoming client filenames, not just new filenames, will be
modified. See additional notes below.
preserve case = yes/no
controls whether new files (ie. files that
don´t currently exist in the filesystem) are created with the case that
the client passes, or if they are forced to be the default case. Default
yes.
short preserve case = yes/no
controls if new files (ie. files that
don´t currently exist in the filesystem) which conform to 8.3 syntax,
that is all in upper case and of suitable length, are created upper case, or
if they are forced to be the default case. This option can be used with
preserve case = yes to permit long filenames to retain their case, while short
names are lowercased. Default yes.
By default, Samba 3.0 has the same semantics as a Windows NT server, in that it
is case insensitive but case preserving. As a special case for directories
with large numbers of files, if the case options are set as follows,
"case sensitive = yes", "case preserve = no", "short
preserve case = no" then the "default case" option will be
applied and will modify all filenames sent from the client when accessing this
share.
NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION¶
There are a number of ways in which a user can connect to a service. The server uses the following steps in determining if it will allow a connection to a specified service. If all the steps fail, the connection request is rejected. However, if one of the steps succeeds, the following steps are not checked. If the service is marked “guest only = yes” and the server is running with share-level security (“security = share”, steps 1 to 5 are skipped. 1.If the client has passed a
username/password pair and that username/password pair is validated by the
UNIX system´s password programs, the connection is made as that username.
This includes the \\server\service% username method of passing a
username.
2.If the client has previously registered a
username with the system and now supplies a correct password for that
username, the connection is allowed.
3.The client´s NetBIOS name and any
previously used usernames are checked against the supplied password. If they
match, the connection is allowed as the corresponding user.
4.If the client has previously validated a
username/password pair with the server and the client has passed the
validation token, that username is used.
5.If a user = field is given in the smb.conf
file for the service and the client has supplied a password, and that password
matches (according to the UNIX system´s password checking) with one of
the usernames from the user = field, the connection is made as the username in
the user = line. If one of the usernames in the user = list begins with a @,
that name expands to a list of names in the group of the same name.
6.If the service is a guest service, a
connection is made as the username given in the guest account = for the
service, irrespective of the supplied password.
REGISTRY-BASED CONFIGURATION¶
Starting with Samba version 3.2.0, the capability to store Samba configuration in the registry is available. The configuration is stored in the registry key HKLM\Software\Samba\smbconf. There are two levels of registry configuration: 1.Share definitions stored in registry are
used. This is triggered by setting the global parameter registry shares
to “yes” in smb.conf.
The registry shares are loaded not at startup but on demand at runtime by
smbd. Shares defined in smb.conf take priority over shares of
the same name defined in registry.
2.Global smb.conf options stored in
registry are used. This can be activated in two different ways:
Firstly, a registry only configuration is triggered by setting config backend
= registry in the [global] section of smb.conf. This resets
everything that has been read from config files to this point and reads the
content of the global configuration section from the registry. This is the
recommended method of using registry based configuration.
Secondly, a mixed configuration can be activated by a special new meaning of the
parameter include = registry in the [global] section of
smb.conf. This reads the global options from registry with the same
priorities as for an include of a text file. This may be especially useful in
cases where an initial configuration is needed to access the registry.
Activation of global registry options automatically activates registry shares.
So in the registry only case, shares are loaded on demand only.
EXPLANATION OF EACH PARAMETER¶
abort shutdown script (G)This a full path name to a script called by
smbd(8) that should stop a shutdown procedure issued by the shutdown
script.
If the connected user posseses the SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege, right, this
command will be run as root.
Default: abort shutdown script = ""
Example: abort shutdown script = /sbin/shutdown
-c
If this parameter is yes for a service,
then the share hosted by the service will only be visible to users who have
read or write access to the share during share enumeration (for example net
view \\sambaserver). This has parallels to access based enumeration, the main
difference being that only share permissions are evaluated, and security
descriptors on files contained on the share are not used in computing
enumeration access rights.
Default: access based share enum = no
This boolean parameter controls what
smbd(8)does on receiving a protocol request of "open for
delete" from a Windows client. If a Windows client doesn´t have
permissions to delete a file then they expect this to be denied at open time.
POSIX systems normally only detect restrictions on delete by actually
attempting to delete the file or directory. As Windows clients can (and do)
"back out" a delete request by unsetting the "delete on
close" bit Samba cannot delete the file immediately on "open for
delete" request as we cannot restore such a deleted file. With this
parameter set to true (the default) then smbd checks the file system
permissions directly on "open for delete" and denies the request
without actually deleting the file if the file system permissions would seem
to deny it. This is not perfect, as it´s possible a user could have
deleted a file without Samba being able to check the permissions correctly,
but it is close enough to Windows semantics for mostly correct behaviour.
Samba will correctly check POSIX ACL semantics in this case.
If this parameter is set to "false" Samba doesn´t check
permissions on "open for delete" and allows the open. If the user
doesn´t have permission to delete the file this will only be discovered
at close time, which is too late for the Windows user tools to display an
error message to the user. The symptom of this is files that appear to have
been deleted "magically" re-appearing on a Windows explorer refresh.
This is an extremely advanced protocol option which should not need to be
changed. This parameter was introduced in its final form in 3.0.21, an earlier
version with slightly different semantics was introduced in 3.0.20. That older
version is not documented here.
Default: acl check permissions = True
This parameter specifies what OS ACL semantics
should be compatible with. Possible values are winnt for Windows NT 4,
win2k for Windows 2000 and above and auto. If you specify
auto, the value for this parameter will be based upon the version of
the client. There should be no reason to change this parameter from the
default.
Default: acl compatibility = Auto
Example: acl compatibility = win2k
In a POSIX filesystem, only the owner of a
file or directory and the superuser can modify the permissions and ACLs on a
file. If this parameter is set, then Samba overrides this restriction, and
also allows the primary group owner of a file or directory to modify
the permissions and ACLs on that file.
On a Windows server, groups may be the owner of a file or directory - thus
allowing anyone in that group to modify the permissions on it. This allows the
delegation of security controls on a point in the filesystem to the group
owner of a directory and anything below it also owned by that group. This
means there are multiple people with permissions to modify ACLs on a file or
directory, easing managability.
This parameter allows Samba to also permit delegation of the control over a
point in the exported directory hierarchy in much the same way as Windows.
This allows all members of a UNIX group to control the permissions on a file
or directory they have group ownership on.
This parameter is best used with the inherit owner option and also on on
a share containing directories with the UNIX setgid bit set on them,
which causes new files and directories created within it to inherit the group
ownership from the containing directory.
This is parameter has been was deprecated in Samba 3.0.23, but re-activated in
Samba 3.0.31 and above, as it now only controls permission changes if the user
is in the owning primary group. It is now no longer equivalent to the dos
filemode option.
Default: acl group control = no
This boolean parameter controls whether
smbd(8) maps a POSIX ACE entry of "rwx" (read/write/execute),
the maximum allowed POSIX permission set, into a Windows ACL of "FULL
CONTROL". If this parameter is set to true any POSIX ACE entry of
"rwx" will be returned in a Windows ACL as "FULL CONTROL",
is this parameter is set to false any POSIX ACE entry of "rwx" will
be returned as the specific Windows ACL bits representing read, write and
execute.
Default: acl map full control = True
This is the full pathname to a script that
will be run AS ROOT by smbd(8) when a new group is requested. It
will expand any %g to the group name passed. This script is only useful
for installations using the Windows NT domain administration tools. The script
is free to create a group with an arbitrary name to circumvent unix group name
restrictions. In that case the script must print the numeric gid of the
created group on stdout.
Default: add group script =
Example: add group script = /usr/sbin/groupadd %g
This is the full pathname to a script that
will be run by smbd(8) when a machine is added to Samba´s domain
and a Unix account matching the machine´s name appended with a
"$" does not already exist.
This option is very similar to the add user script, and likewise uses the
%u substitution for the account name. Do not use the %m substitution.
Default: add machine script =
Example: add machine script = /usr/sbin/adduser -n -g
machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/nobody -s /bin/false %u
Samba 3.0.23 introduced support for adding
printer ports remotely using the Windows "Add Standard TCP/IP Port
Wizard". This option defines an external program to be executed when smbd
receives a request to add a new Port to the system. The script is passed two
parameters:
The deviceURI is in the format of socket://<hostname>[:<portnumber>]
or lpd://<hostname>/<queuename>.
•port name
•device URI
With the introduction of MS-RPC based printing
support for Windows NT/2000 clients in Samba 2.2, The MS Add Printer Wizard
(APW) icon is now also available in the "Printers..." folder
displayed a share listing. The APW allows for printers to be add remotely to a
Samba or Windows NT/2000 print server.
For a Samba host this means that the printer must be physically added to the
underlying printing system. The addprinter command defines a script to
be run which will perform the necessary operations for adding the printer to
the print system and to add the appropriate service definition to the smb.conf
file in order that it can be shared by smbd(8).
The addprinter command is automatically invoked with the following
parameter (in order):
All parameters are filled in from the PRINTER_INFO_2 structure sent by the
Windows NT/2000 client with one exception. The "Windows 9x driver
location" parameter is included for backwards compatibility only. The
remaining fields in the structure are generated from answers to the APW
questions.
•printer name
•share name
•port name
•driver name
•location
•Windows 9x driver location
Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to
dynamically add and delete shares via the Windows NT 4.0 Server Manager. The
add share command is used to define an external program or script which
will add a new service definition to smb.conf.
In order to successfully execute the add share command, smbd requires
that the administrator connects using a root account (i.e. uid == 0) or has
the SeDiskOperatorPrivilege. Scripts defined in the add share command
parameter are executed as root.
When executed, smbd will automatically invoke the add share command with
five parameters.
This parameter is only used to add file shares. To add printer shares, see the
addprinter command.
•configFile - the location of the
global smb.conf file.
•shareName - the name of the new
share.
•pathName - path to an
**existing** directory on disk.
•comment - comment string to
associate with the new share.
•max connections Number of
maximum simultaneous connections to this share.
This is the full pathname to a script that
will be run AS ROOT by smbd(8) under special circumstances
described below.
Normally, a Samba server requires that UNIX users are created for all users
accessing files on this server. For sites that use Windows NT account
databases as their primary user database creating these users and keeping the
user list in sync with the Windows NT PDC is an onerous task. This option
allows smbd to create the required UNIX users ON DEMAND when a user
accesses the Samba server.
In order to use this option, smbd(8) must NOT be set to
security = share and add user script must be set to a full
pathname for a script that will create a UNIX user given one argument of
%u, which expands into the UNIX user name to create.
When the Windows user attempts to access the Samba server, at login (session
setup in the SMB protocol) time, smbd(8) contacts the password
server and attempts to authenticate the given user with the given
password. If the authentication succeeds then smbd attempts to find a UNIX
user in the UNIX password database to map the Windows user into. If this
lookup fails, and add user script is set then smbd will call the
specified script AS ROOT, expanding any %u argument to be the
user name to create.
If this script successfully creates the user then smbd will continue on as
though the UNIX user already existed. In this way, UNIX users are dynamically
created to match existing Windows NT accounts.
See also security, password server, delete user script.
Default: add user script =
Example: add user script = /usr/local/samba/bin/add_user
%u
Full path to the script that will be called
when a user is added to a group using the Windows NT domain administration
tools. It will be run by smbd(8) AS ROOT. Any %g will be
replaced with the group name and any %u will be replaced with the user
name.
Note that the adduser command used in the example below does not support the
used syntax on all systems.
Default: add user to group script =
Example: add user to group script = /usr/sbin/adduser %u
%g
If this parameter is set to yes for a
share, then the share will be an administrative share. The Administrative
Shares are the default network shares created by all Windows NT-based
operating systems. These are shares like C$, D$ or ADMIN$. The type of these
shares is STYPE_DISKTREE_HIDDEN.
See the section below on security for more information about this option.
Default: administrative share = no
This is a list of users who will be granted
administrative privileges on the share. This means that they will do all file
operations as the super-user (root).
You should use this option very carefully, as any user in this list will be able
to do anything they like on the share, irrespective of file permissions.
This parameter will not work with the security = share in Samba 3.0. This
is by design.
Default: admin users =
Example: admin users = jason
This parameter controls whether special AFS
features are enabled for this share. If enabled, it assumes that the directory
exported via the path parameter is a local AFS import. The special AFS
features include the attempt to hand-craft an AFS token if you enabled
--with-fake-kaserver in configure.
Default: afs share = no
If you are using the fake kaserver AFS
feature, you might want to hand-craft the usernames you are creating tokens
for. For example this is necessary if you have users from several domain in
your AFS Protection Database. One possible scheme to code users as DOMAIN+User
as it is done by winbind with the + as a separator.
The mapped user name must contain the cell name to log into, so without setting
this parameter there will be no token.
Default: afs username map =
Example: afs username map = %u@afs.samba.org
If Samba has been built with asynchronous I/O
support and this integer parameter is set to non-zero value, Samba will read
from file asynchronously when size of request is bigger than this value. Note
that it happens only for non-chained and non-chaining reads and when not using
write cache.
Current implementation of asynchronous I/O in Samba 3.0 does support only up to
10 outstanding asynchronous requests, read and write combined.
Related command: write cache size
Related command: aio write size
Default: aio read size = 0
Example: aio read size = 16384 # Use asynchronous I/O
for reads bigger than 16KB request size
If Samba has been built with asynchronous I/O
support, Samba will not wait until write requests are finished before
returning the result to the client for files listed in this parameter.
Instead, Samba will immediately return that the write request has been
finished successfully, no matter if the operation will succeed or not. This
might speed up clients without aio support, but is really dangerous, because
data could be lost and files could be damaged.
The syntax is identical to the veto files parameter.
Default: aio write behind =
Example: aio write behind = /*.tmp/
If Samba has been built with asynchronous I/O
support and this integer parameter is set to non-zero value, Samba will write
to file asynchronously when size of request is bigger than this value. Note
that it happens only for non-chained and non-chaining reads and when not using
write cache.
Current implementation of asynchronous I/O in Samba 3.0 does support only up to
10 outstanding asynchronous requests, read and write combined.
Related command: write cache size
Related command: aio read size
Default: aio write size = 0
Example: aio write size = 16384 # Use asynchronous I/O
for writes bigger than 16KB request size
This determines how Samba will use its
algorithmic mapping from uids/gid to the RIDs needed to construct NT Security
Identifiers.
Setting this option to a larger value could be useful to sites transitioning
from WinNT and Win2k, as existing user and group rids would otherwise clash
with sytem users etc.
All UIDs and GIDs must be able to be resolved into SIDs for the correct
operation of ACLs on the server. As such the algorithmic mapping can´t be
´turned off´, but pushing it ´out of the way´ should
resolve the issues. Users and groups can then be assigned ´low´ RIDs
in arbitrary-rid supporting backends.
Default: algorithmic rid base = 1000
Example: algorithmic rid base = 100000
This parameter allows an administrator to tune
the allocation size reported to Windows clients. The default size of 1Mb
generally results in improved Windows client performance. However, rounding
the allocation size may cause difficulties for some applications, e.g. MS
Visual Studio. If the MS Visual Studio compiler starts to crash with an
internal error, set this parameter to zero for this share.
The integer parameter specifies the roundup size in bytes.
Default: allocation roundup size = 1048576
Example: allocation roundup size = 0 # (to disable
roundups)
In normal operation the option wide
links which allows the server to follow symlinks outside of a share path
is automatically disabled when unix extensions are enabled on a Samba
server. This is done for security purposes to prevent UNIX clients creating
symlinks to areas of the server file system that the administrator does not
wish to export.
Setting allow insecure wide links to true disables the link between these
two parameters, removing this protection and allowing a site to configure the
server to follow symlinks (by setting wide links to "true")
even when unix extensions is turned on.
If is not recommended to enable this option unless you fully understand the
implications of allowing the server to follow symbolic links created by UNIX
clients. For most normal Samba configurations this would be considered a
security hole and setting this parameter is not recommended.
This option was added at the request of sites who had deliberately set Samba up
in this way and needed to continue supporting this functionality without
having to patch the Samba code.
Default: allow insecure wide links = no
This option only takes effect when the
security option is set to server, domain or ads.
If it is set to no, then attempts to connect to a resource from a domain or
workgroup other than the one which smbd is running in will fail, even if that
domain is trusted by the remote server doing the authentication.
This is useful if you only want your Samba server to serve resources to users in
the domain it is a member of. As an example, suppose that there are two
domains DOMA and DOMB. DOMB is trusted by DOMA, which contains the Samba
server. Under normal circumstances, a user with an account in DOMB can then
access the resources of a UNIX account with the same account name on the Samba
server even if they do not have an account in DOMA. This can make implementing
a security boundary difficult.
Default: allow trusted domains = yes
This specifies what type of server
nmbd(8) will announce itself as, to a network neighborhood browse list.
By default this is set to Windows NT. The valid options are : "NT
Server" (which can also be written as "NT"), "NT
Workstation", "Win95" or "WfW" meaning Windows NT
Server, Windows NT Workstation, Windows 95 and Windows for Workgroups
respectively. Do not change this parameter unless you have a specific need to
stop Samba appearing as an NT server as this may prevent Samba servers from
participating as browser servers correctly.
Default: announce as = NT Server
Example: announce as = Win95
This specifies the major and minor version
numbers that nmbd will use when announcing itself as a server. The default is
4.9. Do not change this parameter unless you have a specific need to set a
Samba server to be a downlevel server.
Default: announce version = 4.9
Example: announce version = 2.0
This parameter specifies whether Samba should
fork the async smb echo handler. It can be beneficial if your file system can
block syscalls for a very long time. In some circumstances, it prolongs the
timeout that Windows uses to determine whether a connection is dead.
Default: async smb echo handler = no
This option allows the administrator to chose
what authentication methods smbd will use when authenticating a user. This
option defaults to sensible values based on security. This should be
considered a developer option and used only in rare circumstances. In the
majority (if not all) of production servers, the default setting should be
adequate.
Each entry in the list attempts to authenticate the user in turn, until the user
authenticates. In practice only one method will ever actually be able to
complete the authentication.
Possible options include guest (anonymous access), sam (lookups in
local list of accounts based on netbios name or domain name), winbind
(relay authentication requests for remote users through winbindd),
ntdomain (pre-winbindd method of authentication for remote domain
users; deprecated in favour of winbind method), trustdomain
(authenticate trusted users by contacting the remote DC directly from smbd;
deprecated in favour of winbind method).
Default: auth methods =
Example: auth methods = guest sam winbind
This parameter lets you "turn off" a
service. If available = no, then ALL attempts to connect to the
service will fail. Such failures are logged.
Default: available = yes
This global parameter allows the Samba admin
to limit what interfaces on a machine will serve SMB requests. It affects file
service smbd(8) and name service nmbd(8) in a slightly different
ways.
For name service it causes nmbd to bind to ports 137 and 138 on the interfaces
listed in the interfaces parameter. nmbd also binds to the "all
addresses" interface (0.0.0.0) on ports 137 and 138 for the purposes of
reading broadcast messages. If this option is not set then nmbd will service
name requests on all of these sockets. If bind interfaces only is set
then nmbd will check the source address of any packets coming in on the
broadcast sockets and discard any that don´t match the broadcast
addresses of the interfaces in the interfaces parameter list. As
unicast packets are received on the other sockets it allows nmbd to refuse to
serve names to machines that send packets that arrive through any interfaces
not listed in the interfaces list. IP Source address spoofing does
defeat this simple check, however, so it must not be used seriously as a
security feature for nmbd.
For file service it causes smbd(8) to bind only to the interface list
given in the interfaces parameter. This restricts the networks that
smbd will serve, to packets coming in on those interfaces. Note that you
should not use this parameter for machines that are serving PPP or other
intermittent or non-broadcast network interfaces as it will not cope with
non-permanent interfaces.
If bind interfaces only is set and the network address 127.0.0.1
is not added to the interfaces parameter list smbpasswd(8) and
swat(8) may not work as expected due to the reasons covered below.
To change a users SMB password, the smbpasswd by default connects to the
localhost - 127.0.0.1 address as an SMB client to issue the password
change request. If bind interfaces only is set then unless the network
address 127.0.0.1 is added to the interfaces parameter list then
smbpasswd will fail to connect in it´s default mode. smbpasswd can be
forced to use the primary IP interface of the local host by using its
smbpasswd(8) -r remote machine parameter, with
remote machine set to the IP name of the primary interface of the local
host.
The swat status page tries to connect with smbd and nmbd at the address
127.0.0.1 to determine if they are running. Not adding 127.0.0.1
will cause smbd and nmbd to always show "not running" even if they
really are. This can prevent swat from starting/stopping/restarting smbd and
nmbd.
Default: bind interfaces only = no
This parameter controls the behavior of
smbd(8) when given a request by a client to obtain a byte range lock on
a region of an open file, and the request has a time limit associated with it.
If this parameter is set and the lock range requested cannot be immediately
satisfied, samba will internally queue the lock request, and periodically
attempt to obtain the lock until the timeout period expires.
If this parameter is set to no, then samba will behave as previous
versions of Samba would and will fail the lock request immediately if the lock
range cannot be obtained.
Default: blocking locks = yes
This parameter controls the behavior of
smbd(8) when reporting disk free sizes. By default, this reports a disk
block size of 1024 bytes.
Changing this parameter may have some effect on the efficiency of client writes,
this is not yet confirmed. This parameter was added to allow advanced
administrators to change it (usually to a higher value) and test the effect it
has on client write performance without re-compiling the code. As this is an
experimental option it may be removed in a future release.
Changing this option does not change the disk free reporting size, just the
block size unit reported to the client.
Default: block size = 1024
Example: block size = 4096
This parameter is a synonym for
browseable.
This controls whether this share is seen in
the list of available shares in a net view and in the browse list.
Default: browseable = yes
This controls whether smbd(8) will
serve a browse list to a client doing a NetServerEnum call. Normally set to
yes. You should never need to change this.
Default: browse list = yes
Usually, most of the TDB files are stored in
the lock directory. Since Samba 3.4.0, it is possible to differentiate
between TDB files with persistent data and TDB files with non-persistent data
using the state directory and the cache directory options.
This option specifies the directory where TDB files containing non-persistent
data will be stored.
Default: cache directory = ${prefix}/var/locks
Example: cache directory =
/var/run/samba/locks/cache
This parameter is a synonym for case
sensitive.
See the discussion in the section name
mangling.
Default: case sensitive = no
This parameter specifies whether Samba should
reply to a client´s file change notify requests.
You should never need to change this parameter
Default: change notify = yes
Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to
dynamically add and delete shares via the Windows NT 4.0 Server Manager. The
change share command is used to define an external program or script
which will modify an existing service definition in smb.conf.
In order to successfully execute the change share command, smbd requires
that the administrator connects using a root account (i.e. uid == 0) or has
the SeDiskOperatorPrivilege. Scripts defined in the change share
command parameter are executed as root.
When executed, smbd will automatically invoke the change share command
with five parameters.
This parameter is only used to modify existing file share definitions. To modify
printer shares, use the "Printers..." folder as seen when browsing
the Samba host.
•configFile - the location of the
global smb.conf file.
•shareName - the name of the new
share.
•pathName - path to an
**existing** directory on disk.
•comment - comment string to
associate with the new share.
•max connections Number of
maximum simultaneous connections to this share.
The name of a program that can be used to
check password complexity. The password is sent to the program´s standard
input.
The program must return 0 on a good password, or any other value if the password
is bad. In case the password is considered weak (the program does not return
0) the user will be notified and the password change will fail.
Note: In the example directory is a sample program called crackcheck that uses
cracklib to check the password quality.
Default: check password script = Disabled
Example: check password script =
/usr/local/sbin/crackcheck
This parameter determines whether or not
smbclient(8) and other samba client tools will attempt to authenticate
itself to servers using the weaker LANMAN password hash. If disabled, only
server which support NT password hashes (e.g. Windows NT/2000, Samba, etc...
but not Windows 95/98) will be able to be connected from the Samba client.
The LANMAN encrypted response is easily broken, due to its case-insensitive
nature, and the choice of algorithm. Clients without Windows 95/98 servers are
advised to disable this option.
Disabling this option will also disable the client plaintext auth option.
Likewise, if the client ntlmv2 auth parameter is enabled, then only NTLMv2
logins will be attempted.
Default: client lanman auth = no
The client ldap sasl wrapping defines
whether ldap traffic will be signed or signed and encrypted (sealed). Possible
values are plain, sign and seal.
The values sign and seal are only available if Samba has been
compiled against a modern OpenLDAP version (2.3.x or higher).
This option is needed in the case of Domain Controllers enforcing the usage of
signed LDAP connections (e.g. Windows 2000 SP3 or higher). LDAP sign and seal
can be controlled with the registry key
"HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\
NTDS\Parameters\LDAPServerIntegrity" on the Windows server side.
Depending on the used KRB5 library (MIT and older Heimdal versions) it is
possible that the message "integrity only" is not supported. In this
case, sign is just an alias for seal.
The default value is plain which is not irritable to KRB5 clock skew
errors. That implies synchronizing the time with the KDC in the case of using
sign or seal.
Default: client ldap sasl wrapping = plain
This parameter determines whether or not
smbclient(8) will attempt to authenticate itself to servers using the
NTLMv2 encrypted password response.
If enabled, only an NTLMv2 and LMv2 response (both much more secure than earlier
versions) will be sent. Older servers (including NT4 < SP4, Win9x and Samba
2.2) are not compatible with NTLMv2 when not in an NTLMv2 supporting domain
Similarly, if enabled, NTLMv1, client lanman auth and client plaintext auth
authentication will be disabled. This also disables share-level
authentication.
If disabled, an NTLM response (and possibly a LANMAN response) will be sent by
the client, depending on the value of client lanman auth.
Note that Windows Vista and later versions already use NTLMv2 by default, and
some sites (particularly those following ´best practice´ security
polices) only allow NTLMv2 responses, and not the weaker LM or NTLM.
Default: client ntlmv2 auth = yes
Specifies whether a client should send a
plaintext password if the server does not support encrypted passwords.
Default: client plaintext auth = no
This controls whether the client offers or
even demands the use of the netlogon schannel. client schannel = no
does not offer the schannel, client schannel = auto offers the schannel
but does not enforce it, and client schannel = yes denies access if the
server is not able to speak netlogon schannel.
Default: client schannel = auto
Example: client schannel = yes
This controls whether the client is allowed or
required to use SMB signing. Possible values are auto, mandatory
and disabled.
When set to auto, SMB signing is offered, but not enforced. When set to
mandatory, SMB signing is required and if set to disabled, SMB signing is not
offered either.
Default: client signing = auto
This parameter determines whether or not
smbclient(8) and other samba components acting as a client will attempt
to use the server-supplied principal sometimes given in the SPNEGO exchange.
If enabled, Samba can attempt to use Kerberos to contact servers known only by
IP address. Kerberos relies on names, so ordinarily cannot function in this
situation.
If disabled, Samba will use the name used to look up the server when asking the
KDC for a ticket. This avoids situations where a server may impersonate
another, soliciting authentication as one principal while being known on the
network as another.
Note that Windows XP SP2 and later versions already follow this behaviour, and
Windows Vista and later servers no longer supply this ´rfc4178 hint´
principal on the server side.
Default: client use spnego principal = no
This variable controls whether Samba clients
will try to use Simple and Protected NEGOciation (as specified by rfc2478)
with supporting servers (including WindowsXP, Windows2000 and Samba 3.0) to
agree upon an authentication mechanism. This enables Kerberos authentication
in particular.
Default: client use spnego = yes
With this parameter you can add additional
addresses nmbd will register with a WINS server. These addresses are not
necessarily present on all nodes simultaneously, but they will be registered
with the WINS server so that clients can contact any of the nodes.
Default: cluster addresses =
Example: cluster addresses = 10.0.0.1 10.0.0.2
10.0.0.3
This parameter specifies whether Samba should
contact ctdb for accessing its tdb files and use ctdb as a backend for its
messaging backend.
Set this parameter to yes only if you have a cluster setup with ctdb running.
Default: clustering = no
This is a text field that is seen next to a
share when a client does a queries the server, either via the network
neighborhood or via net view to list what shares are available.
If you want to set the string that is displayed next to the machine name then
see the server string parameter.
Default: comment = # No comment
Example: comment = Fred´s Files
This controls the backend for storing the
configuration. Possible values are file (the default) and
registry. When config backend = registry is encountered while
loading smb.conf, the configuration read so far is dropped and the
global options are read from registry instead. So this triggers a registry
only configuration. Share definitions are not read immediately but instead
registry shares is set to yes.
Note: This option can not be set inside the registry configuration itself.
Default: config backend = file
Example: config backend = registry
This allows you to override the config file to
use, instead of the default (usually smb.conf). There is a chicken and egg
problem here as this option is set in the config file!
For this reason, if the name of the config file has changed when the parameters
are loaded then it will reload them from the new config file.
This option takes the usual substitutions, which can be very useful.
If the config file doesn´t exist then it won´t be loaded (allowing you
to special case the config files of just a few clients).
No default
Example: config file =
/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.%m
This parameter allows you to "clone"
service entries. The specified service is simply duplicated under the current
service´s name. Any parameters specified in the current section will
override those in the section being copied.
This feature lets you set up a ´template´ service and create similar
services easily. Note that the service being copied must occur earlier in the
configuration file than the service doing the copying.
Default: copy =
Example: copy = otherservice
Setting this paramter to no prevents winbind
from creating custom krb5.conf files. Winbind normally does this because the
krb5 libraries are not AD-site-aware and thus would pick any domain controller
out of potentially very many. Winbind is site-aware and makes the krb5
libraries use a local DC by creating its own krb5.conf files.
Preventing winbind from doing this might become necessary if you have to add
special options into your system-krb5.conf that winbind does not see.
Default: create krb5 conf = yes
This parameter is a synonym for create
mask.
When a file is created, the necessary
permissions are calculated according to the mapping from DOS modes to UNIX
permissions, and the resulting UNIX mode is then bit-wise ´AND´ed
with this parameter. This parameter may be thought of as a bit-wise MASK for
the UNIX modes of a file. Any bit not set here will be removed from the
modes set on a file when it is created.
The default value of this parameter removes the group and other write and
execute bits from the UNIX modes.
Following this Samba will bit-wise ´OR´ the UNIX mode created from
this parameter with the value of the force create mode parameter which
is set to 000 by default.
This parameter does not affect directory masks. See the parameter directory
mask for details.
Note that this parameter does not apply to permissions set by Windows NT/2000
ACL editors. If the administrator wishes to enforce a mask on access control
lists also, they need to set the security mask.
Default: create mask = 0744
Example: create mask = 0775
This stands for client-side caching
policy, and specifies how clients capable of offline caching will cache
the files in the share. The valid values are: manual, documents, programs,
disable.
These values correspond to those used on Windows servers.
For example, shares containing roaming profiles can have offline caching
disabled using csc policy = disable.
Default: csc policy = manual
Example: csc policy = programs
If you set clustering=yes, you need to tell
Samba where ctdbd listens on its unix domain socket. The default path as of
ctdb 1.0 is /tmp/ctdb.socket which you have to explicitly set for Samba in
smb.conf.
Default: ctdbd socket =
Example: ctdbd socket = /tmp/ctdb.socket
In a cluster environment using Samba and ctdb
it is critical that locks on central ctdb-hosted databases like locking.tdb
are not held for long. With the current Samba architecture it happens that
Samba takes a lock and while holding that lock makes file system calls into
the shared cluster file system. This option makes Samba warn if it detects
that it has held locks for the specified number of milliseconds. If this
happens, smbd will emit a debug level 0 message into its logs and
potentially into syslog. The most likely reason for such a log message is that
an operation of the cluster file system Samba exports is taking longer than
expected. The messages are meant as a debugging aid for potential cluster
problems.
The default value of 0 disables this logging.
Default: ctdb locktime warn threshold = 0
This parameter specifies a timeout in seconds
for the connection between Samba and ctdb. It is only valid if you have
compiled Samba with clustering and if you have set clustering=yes.
When something in the cluster blocks, it can happen that we wait indefinitely
long for ctdb, just adding to the blocking condition. In a well-running
cluster this should never happen, but there are too many components in a
cluster that might have hickups. Choosing the right balance for this value is
very tricky, because on a busy cluster long service times to transfer
something across the cluster might be valid. Setting it too short will degrade
the service your cluster presents, setting it too long might make the cluster
itself not recover from something severely broken for too long.
Be aware that if you set this parameter, this needs to be in the file smb.conf,
it is not really helpful to put this into a registry configuration (typical on
a cluster), because to access the registry contact to ctdb is requred.
Setting ctdb timeout to n makes any process waiting longer than n seconds
for a reply by the cluster panic. Setting it to 0 (the default) makes Samba
block forever, which is the highly recommended default.
Default: ctdb timeout = 0
This parameter is only applicable if
printing is set to cups.
If set, this option specifies the number of seconds that smbd will wait whilst
trying to contact to the CUPS server. The connection will fail if it takes
longer than this number of seconds.
Default: cups connection timeout = 30
Example: cups connection timeout = 60
This parameter is only applicable if
printing is set to cups and if you use CUPS newer than 1.0.x.It
is used to define whether or not Samba should use encryption when talking to
the CUPS server. Possible values are auto, yes and no
When set to auto we will try to do a TLS handshake on each CUPS connection
setup. If that fails, we will fall back to unencrypted operation.
Default: cups encrypt = "no"
This parameter is only applicable if
printing is set to cups. Its value is a free form string of
options passed directly to the cups library.
You can pass any generic print option known to CUPS (as listed in the CUPS
"Software Users´ Manual"). You can also pass any printer
specific option (as listed in "lpoptions -d printername -l") valid
for the target queue. Multiple parameters should be space-delimited name/value
pairs according to the PAPI text option ABNF specification. Collection values
("name={a=... b=... c=...}") are stored with the curley brackets
intact.
You should set this parameter to raw if your CUPS server error_log file
contains messages such as "Unsupported format
´application/octet-stream´" when printing from a Windows client
through Samba. It is no longer necessary to enable system wide raw printing in
/etc/cups/mime.{convs,types}.
Default: cups options = ""
Example: cups options = "raw media=a4"
This parameter is only applicable if
printing is set to cups.
If set, this option overrides the ServerName option in the CUPS client.conf.
This is necessary if you have virtual samba servers that connect to different
CUPS daemons.
Optionally, a port can be specified by separating the server name and port
number with a colon. If no port was specified, the default port for IPP (631)
will be used.
Default: cups server = ""
Example: cups server = mycupsserver
Example: cups server = mycupsserver:1631
The value of the parameter (a decimal integer)
represents the number of minutes of inactivity before a connection is
considered dead, and it is disconnected. The deadtime only takes effect if the
number of open files is zero.
This is useful to stop a server´s resources being exhausted by a large
number of inactive connections.
Most clients have an auto-reconnect feature when a connection is broken so in
most cases this parameter should be transparent to users.
Using this parameter with a timeout of a few minutes is recommended for most
systems.
A deadtime of zero indicates that no auto-disconnection should be performed.
Default: deadtime = 0
Example: deadtime = 15
With this boolean parameter enabled, the debug
class (DBGC_CLASS) will be displayed in the debug header.
For more information about currently available debug classes, see section about
log level.
Default: debug class = no
Sometimes the timestamps in the log messages
are needed with a resolution of higher that seconds, this boolean parameter
adds microsecond resolution to the timestamp message header when turned on.
Note that the parameter debug timestamp must be on for this to have an
effect.
Default: debug hires timestamp = yes
When using only one log file for more then one
forked smbd(8)-process there may be hard to follow which process
outputs which message. This boolean parameter is adds the process-id to the
timestamp message headers in the logfile when turned on.
Note that the parameter debug timestamp must be on for this to have an
effect.
Default: debug pid = no
With this option enabled, the timestamp
message header is prefixed to the debug message without the filename and
function information that is included with the debug timestamp
parameter. This gives timestamps to the messages without adding an additional
line.
Note that this parameter overrides the debug timestamp parameter.
Default: debug prefix timestamp = no
This parameter is a synonym for debug
timestamp.
Samba debug log messages are timestamped by
default. If you are running at a high debug level these timestamps can
be distracting. This boolean parameter allows timestamping to be turned off.
Default: debug timestamp = yes
Samba is sometimes run as root and sometime
run as the connected user, this boolean parameter inserts the current euid,
egid, uid and gid to the timestamp message headers in the log file if turned
on.
Note that the parameter debug timestamp must be on for this to have an
effect.
Default: debug uid = no
Specifies the path to the kerberos keytab file
when kerberos method is set to "dedicated keytab".
Default: dedicated keytab file =
Example: dedicated keytab file =
/usr/local/etc/krb5.keytab
See the section on name mangling. Also
note the short preserve case parameter.
Default: default case = lower
This parameter is only applicable to
printable services. When smbd is serving Printer Drivers to Windows
NT/2k/XP clients, each printer on the Samba server has a Device Mode which
defines things such as paper size and orientation and duplex settings. The
device mode can only correctly be generated by the printer driver itself
(which can only be executed on a Win32 platform). Because smbd is unable to
execute the driver code to generate the device mode, the default behavior is
to set this field to NULL.
Most problems with serving printer drivers to Windows NT/2k/XP clients can be
traced to a problem with the generated device mode. Certain drivers will do
things such as crashing the client´s Explorer.exe with a NULL devmode.
However, other printer drivers can cause the client´s spooler service
(spoolsv.exe) to die if the devmode was not created by the driver itself (i.e.
smbd generates a default devmode).
This parameter should be used with care and tested with the printer driver in
question. It is better to leave the device mode to NULL and let the Windows
client set the correct values. Because drivers do not do this all the time,
setting default devmode = yes will instruct smbd to generate a default one.
For more information on Windows NT/2k printing and Device Modes, see the MSDN
documentation.
Default: default devmode = yes
This parameter is a synonym for default
service.
This parameter specifies the name of a service
which will be connected to if the service actually requested cannot be found.
Note that the square brackets are NOT given in the parameter value (see
example below).
There is no default value for this parameter. If this parameter is not given,
attempting to connect to a nonexistent service results in an error.
Typically the default service would be a guest ok, read-only
service.
Also note that the apparent service name will be changed to equal that of the
requested service, this is very useful as it allows you to use macros like
%S to make a wildcard service.
Note also that any "_" characters in the name of the service used in
the default service will get mapped to a "/". This allows for
interesting things.
Default: default service =
Example: default service = pub
Windows allows specifying how a file will be
shared with other processes when it is opened. Sharing violations occur when a
file is opened by a different process using options that violate the share
settings specified by other processes. This parameter causes smbd to act as a
Windows server does, and defer returning a "sharing violation" error
message for up to one second, allowing the client to close the file causing
the violation in the meantime.
UNIX by default does not have this behaviour.
There should be no reason to turn off this parameter, as it is designed to
enable Samba to more correctly emulate Windows.
Default: defer sharing violations = True
This is the full pathname to a script that
will be run AS ROOT smbd(8) when a group is requested to be
deleted. It will expand any %g to the group name passed. This script is
only useful for installations using the Windows NT domain administration
tools.
Default: delete group script =
With the introduction of MS-RPC based printer
support for Windows NT/2000 clients in Samba 2.2, it is now possible to delete
a printer at run time by issuing the DeletePrinter() RPC call.
For a Samba host this means that the printer must be physically deleted from the
underlying printing system. The deleteprinter command defines a script
to be run which will perform the necessary operations for removing the printer
from the print system and from smb.conf.
The deleteprinter command is automatically called with only one
parameter: printer name.
Once the deleteprinter command has been executed, smbd will reparse the
smb.conf to check that the associated printer no longer exists. If the
sharename is still valid, then smbd will return an ACCESS_DENIED error to the
client.
Default: deleteprinter command =
Example: deleteprinter command =
/usr/bin/removeprinter
This parameter allows readonly files to be
deleted. This is not normal DOS semantics, but is allowed by UNIX.
This option may be useful for running applications such as rcs, where UNIX file
ownership prevents changing file permissions, and DOS semantics prevent
deletion of a read only file.
Default: delete readonly = no
Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to
dynamically add and delete shares via the Windows NT 4.0 Server Manager. The
delete share command is used to define an external program or script
which will remove an existing service definition from smb.conf.
In order to successfully execute the delete share command, smbd requires
that the administrator connects using a root account (i.e. uid == 0) or has
the SeDiskOperatorPrivilege. Scripts defined in the delete share
command parameter are executed as root.
When executed, smbd will automatically invoke the delete share command
with two parameters.
This parameter is only used to remove file shares. To delete printer shares, see
the deleteprinter command.
•configFile - the location of the
global smb.conf file.
•shareName - the name of the
existing service.
Full path to the script that will be called
when a user is removed from a group using the Windows NT domain administration
tools. It will be run by smbd(8) AS ROOT. Any %g will be
replaced with the group name and any %u will be replaced with the user
name.
Default: delete user from group script =
Example: delete user from group script =
/usr/sbin/deluser %u %g
This is the full pathname to a script that
will be run by smbd(8) when managing users with remote RPC (NT) tools.
This script is called when a remote client removes a user from the server,
normally using ´User Manager for Domains´ or rpcclient.
This script should delete the given UNIX username.
Default: delete user script =
Example: delete user script =
/usr/local/samba/bin/del_user %u
This option is used when Samba is attempting
to delete a directory that contains one or more vetoed directories (see the
veto files option). If this option is set to no (the default)
then if a vetoed directory contains any non-vetoed files or directories then
the directory delete will fail. This is usually what you want.
If this option is set to yes, then Samba will attempt to recursively
delete any files and directories within the vetoed directory. This can be
useful for integration with file serving systems such as NetAtalk which create
meta-files within directories you might normally veto DOS/Windows users from
seeing (e.g. .AppleDouble)
Setting delete veto files = yes allows these directories to be
transparently deleted when the parent directory is deleted (so long as the
user has permissions to do so).
Default: delete veto files = no
The dfree cache time should only be
used on systems where a problem occurs with the internal disk space
calculations. This has been known to happen with Ultrix, but may occur with
other operating systems. The symptom that was seen was an error of "Abort
Retry Ignore" at the end of each directory listing.
This is a new parameter introduced in Samba version 3.0.21. It specifies in
seconds the time that smbd will cache the output of a disk free query. If set
to zero (the default) no caching is done. This allows a heavily loaded server
to prevent rapid spawning of dfree command scripts increasing the load.
By default this parameter is zero, meaning no caching will be done.
No default
Example: dfree cache time = dfree cache time = 60
The dfree command setting should only
be used on systems where a problem occurs with the internal disk space
calculations. This has been known to happen with Ultrix, but may occur with
other operating systems. The symptom that was seen was an error of "Abort
Retry Ignore" at the end of each directory listing.
This setting allows the replacement of the internal routines to calculate the
total disk space and amount available with an external routine. The example
below gives a possible script that might fulfill this function.
In Samba version 3.0.21 this parameter has been changed to be a per-share
parameter, and in addition the parameter dfree cache time was added to
allow the output of this script to be cached for systems under heavy load.
The external program will be passed a single parameter indicating a directory in
the filesystem being queried. This will typically consist of the string ./.
The script should return two integers in ASCII. The first should be the total
disk space in blocks, and the second should be the number of available blocks.
An optional third return value can give the block size in bytes. The default
blocksize is 1024 bytes.
Note: Your script should NOT be setuid or setgid and should be owned by
(and writeable only by) root!
Where the script dfree (which must be made executable) could be:
or perhaps (on Sys V based systems):
Note that you may have to replace the command names with full path names on some
systems.
By default internal routines for determining the disk capacity and remaining
space will be used.
No default
Example: dfree command =
/usr/local/samba/bin/dfree
#!/bin/sh df $1 | tail -1 | awk ´{print $(NF-4),$(NF-2)}´
#!/bin/sh /usr/bin/df -k $1 | tail -1 | awk ´{print $3" "$5}´
This parameter is a synonym for directory
mask.
This parameter is the octal modes which are
used when converting DOS modes to UNIX modes when creating UNIX directories.
When a directory is created, the necessary permissions are calculated according
to the mapping from DOS modes to UNIX permissions, and the resulting UNIX mode
is then bit-wise ´AND´ed with this parameter. This parameter may be
thought of as a bit-wise MASK for the UNIX modes of a directory. Any bit
not set here will be removed from the modes set on a directory when it
is created.
The default value of this parameter removes the ´group´ and
´other´ write bits from the UNIX mode, allowing only the user who
owns the directory to modify it.
Following this Samba will bit-wise ´OR´ the UNIX mode created from
this parameter with the value of the force directory mode parameter.
This parameter is set to 000 by default (i.e. no extra mode bits are added).
Note that this parameter does not apply to permissions set by Windows NT/2000
ACL editors. If the administrator wishes to enforce a mask on access control
lists also, they need to set the directory security mask.
Default: directory mask = 0755
Example: directory mask = 0775
This parameter specifies the the size of the
directory name cache. It will be needed to turn this off for *BSD systems.
Default: directory name cache size = 100
This parameter controls what UNIX permission
bits will be set when a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX permission
on a directory using the native NT security dialog box.
This parameter is applied as a mask (AND´ed with) to the incoming
permission bits, thus resetting any bits not in this mask. Make sure not to
mix up this parameter with force directory security mode, which works
similar like this one but uses logical OR instead of AND. Essentially, zero
bits in this mask are a set of bits that will always be set to zero.
Essentially, all bits set to zero in this mask will result in setting to zero
the corresponding bits on the file permissions regardless of the previous
status of this bits on the file.
If not set explicitly this parameter is set to 0777 meaning a user is allowed to
set all the user/group/world permissions on a directory.
Note that users who can access the Samba server through other means can
easily bypass this restriction, so it is primarily useful for standalone
"appliance" systems. Administrators of most normal systems will
probably want to leave it as the default of 0777.
Default: directory security mask = 0777
Example: directory security mask = 0700
Enabling this parameter will disable netbios
support in Samba. Netbios is the only available form of browsing in all
windows versions except for 2000 and XP.
Note
Clients that only support netbios won´t be able to see your samba server
when netbios support is disabled.
Default: disable netbios = no
Enabling this parameter will disable
Samba´s support for the SPOOLSS set of MS-RPC´s and will yield
identical behavior as Samba 2.0.x. Windows NT/2000 clients will downgrade to
using Lanman style printing commands. Windows 9x/ME will be unaffected by the
parameter. However, this will also disable the ability to upload printer
drivers to a Samba server via the Windows NT Add Printer Wizard or by using
the NT printer properties dialog window. It will also disable the capability
of Windows NT/2000 clients to download print drivers from the Samba host upon
demand. Be very careful about enabling this parameter.
Default: disable spoolss = no
Specifies the charset that samba will use to
print messages to stdout and stderr. The default value is "LOCALE",
which means automatically set, depending on the current locale. The value
should generally be the same as the value of the parameter unix
charset.
Default: display charset = "LOCALE" or
"ASCII" (depending on the system)
Example: display charset = UTF8
This parameter specifies whether Samba should
use DMAPI to determine whether a file is offline or not. This would typically
be used in conjunction with a hierarchical storage system that automatically
migrates files to tape.
Note that Samba infers the status of a file by examining the events that a DMAPI
application has registered interest in. This heuristic is satisfactory for a
number of hierarchical storage systems, but there may be system for which it
will fail. In this case, Samba may erroneously report files to be offline.
This parameter is only available if a supported DMAPI implementation was found
at compilation time. It will only be used if DMAPI is found to enabled on the
system at run time.
Default: dmapi support = no
Specifies that nmbd(8) when acting as a
WINS server and finding that a NetBIOS name has not been registered, should
treat the NetBIOS name word-for-word as a DNS name and do a lookup with the
DNS server for that name on behalf of the name-querying client.
Note that the maximum length for a NetBIOS name is 15 characters, so the DNS
name (or DNS alias) can likewise only be 15 characters, maximum.
nmbd spawns a second copy of itself to do the DNS name lookup requests, as doing
a name lookup is a blocking action.
Default: dns proxy = yes
If set to yes, the Samba server will
provide the netlogon service for Windows 9X network logons for the
workgroup it is in. This will also cause the Samba server to act as a
domain controller for NT4 style domain services. For more details on setting
up this feature see the Domain Control chapter of the Samba HOWTO Collection.
Default: domain logons = no
Tell smbd(8) to enable WAN-wide browse
list collation. Setting this option causes nmbd to claim a special domain
specific NetBIOS name that identifies it as a domain master browser for its
given workgroup. Local master browsers in the same workgroup on
broadcast-isolated subnets will give this nmbd their local browse lists, and
then ask smbd(8) for a complete copy of the browse list for the whole
wide area network. Browser clients will then contact their local master
browser, and will receive the domain-wide browse list, instead of just the
list for their broadcast-isolated subnet.
Note that Windows NT Primary Domain Controllers expect to be able to claim this
workgroup specific special NetBIOS name that identifies them as domain
master browsers for that workgroup by default (i.e. there is no way to
prevent a Windows NT PDC from attempting to do this). This means that if this
parameter is set and nmbd claims the special name for a workgroup
before a Windows NT PDC is able to do so then cross subnet browsing will
behave strangely and may fail.
If domain logons = yes, then the default behavior is to enable the
domain master parameter. If domain logons is not enabled (the
default setting), then neither will domain master be enabled by
default.
When domain logons = Yes the default setting for this parameter is Yes,
with the result that Samba will be a PDC. If domain master = No, Samba
will function as a BDC. In general, this parameter should be set to
´No´ only on a BDC.
Default: domain master = auto
There are certain directories on some systems
(e.g., the /proc tree under Linux) that are either not of interest to clients
or are infinitely deep (recursive). This parameter allows you to specify a
comma-delimited list of directories that the server should always show as
empty.
Note that Samba can be very fussy about the exact format of the "dont
descend" entries. For example you may need ./proc instead of just /proc.
Experimentation is the best policy :-)
Default: dont descend =
Example: dont descend = /proc,/dev
DOS SMB clients assume the server has the same
charset as they do. This option specifies which charset Samba should talk to
DOS clients.
The default depends on which charsets you have installed. Samba tries to use
charset 850 but falls back to ASCII in case it is not available. Run
testparm(1) to check the default on your system.
No default
The default behavior in Samba is to provide
UNIX-like behavior where only the owner of a file/directory is able to change
the permissions on it. However, this behavior is often confusing to
DOS/Windows users. Enabling this parameter allows a user who has write access
to the file (by whatever means, including an ACL permission) to modify the
permissions (including ACL) on it. Note that a user belonging to the group
owning the file will not be allowed to change permissions if the group is only
granted read access. Ownership of the file/directory may also be changed. Note
that using the VFS modules acl_xattr or acl_tdb which store native Windows as
meta-data will automatically turn this option on for any share for which they
are loaded, as they require this option to emulate Windows ACLs correctly.
Default: dos filemode = no
Under the DOS and Windows FAT filesystem, the
finest granularity on time resolution is two seconds. Setting this parameter
for a share causes Samba to round the reported time down to the nearest two
second boundary when a query call that requires one second resolution is made
to smbd(8).
This option is mainly used as a compatibility option for Visual C++ when used
against Samba shares. If oplocks are enabled on a share, Visual C++ uses two
different time reading calls to check if a file has changed since it was last
read. One of these calls uses a one-second granularity, the other uses a two
second granularity. As the two second call rounds any odd second down, then if
the file has a timestamp of an odd number of seconds then the two timestamps
will not match and Visual C++ will keep reporting the file has changed.
Setting this option causes the two timestamps to match, and Visual C++ is
happy.
Default: dos filetime resolution = no
Under DOS and Windows, if a user can write to
a file they can change the timestamp on it. Under POSIX semantics, only the
owner of the file or root may change the timestamp. By default, Samba emulates
the DOS semantics and allows to change the timestamp on a file if the user
smbd is acting on behalf has write permissions. Due to changes in Microsoft
Office 2000 and beyond, the default for this parameter has been changed from
"no" to "yes" in Samba 3.0.14 and above. Microsoft Excel
will display dialog box warnings about the file being changed by another user
if this parameter is not set to "yes" and files are being shared
between users.
Default: dos filetimes = yes
This boolean parameter controls whether
smbd(8) will allow clients to attempt to store OS/2 style Extended
attributes on a share. In order to enable this parameter the underlying
filesystem exported by the share must support extended attributes (such as
provided on XFS and EXT3 on Linux, with the correct kernel patches). On Linux
the filesystem must have been mounted with the mount option user_xattr in
order for extended attributes to work, also extended attributes must be
compiled into the Linux kernel.
Default: ea support = no
Hosts running the "Advanced Server for
Unix (ASU)" product require some special accomodations such as creating a
builtin [ADMIN$] share that only supports IPC connections. The has been the
default behavior in smbd for many years. However, certain Microsoft
applications such as the Print Migrator tool require that the remote server
support an [ADMIN$} file share. Disabling this parameter allows for creating
an [ADMIN$] file share in smb.conf.
Default: enable asu support = no
This parameter specifies whether core dumps
should be written on internal exits. Normally set to yes. You should
never need to change this.
Default: enable core files = yes
Example: enable core files = no
This deprecated parameter controls whether or
not smbd will honor privileges assigned to specific SIDs via either net rpc
rights or one of the Windows user and group manager tools. This parameter is
enabled by default. It can be disabled to prevent members of the Domain Admins
group from being able to assign privileges to users or groups which can then
result in certain smbd operations running as root that would normally run
under the context of the connected user.
An example of how privileges can be used is to assign the right to join clients
to a Samba controlled domain without providing root access to the server via
smbd.
Please read the extended description provided in the Samba HOWTO documentation.
Default: enable privileges = yes
Inverted synonym for disable spoolss.
Default: enable spoolss = yes
This boolean controls whether encrypted
passwords will be negotiated with the client. Note that Windows NT 4.0 SP3 and
above and also Windows 98 will by default expect encrypted passwords unless a
registry entry is changed. To use encrypted passwords in Samba see the chapter
"User Database" in the Samba HOWTO Collection.
MS Windows clients that expect Microsoft encrypted passwords and that do not
have plain text password support enabled will be able to connect only to a
Samba server that has encrypted password support enabled and for which the
user accounts have a valid encrypted password. Refer to the smbpasswd command
man page for information regarding the creation of encrypted passwords for
user accounts.
The use of plain text passwords is NOT advised as support for this feature is no
longer maintained in Microsoft Windows products. If you want to use plain text
passwords you must set this parameter to no.
In order for encrypted passwords to work correctly smbd(8) must either
have access to a local smbpasswd(5) file (see the smbpasswd(8)
program for information on how to set up and maintain this file), or set the
security = [server|domain|ads] parameter which causes smbd to
authenticate against another server.
Default: encrypt passwords = yes
This option enables a couple of enhancements
to cross-subnet browse propagation that have been added in Samba but which are
not standard in Microsoft implementations.
The first enhancement to browse propagation consists of a regular wildcard query
to a Samba WINS server for all Domain Master Browsers, followed by a browse
synchronization with each of the returned DMBs. The second enhancement
consists of a regular randomised browse synchronization with all currently
known DMBs.
You may wish to disable this option if you have a problem with empty workgroups
not disappearing from browse lists. Due to the restrictions of the browse
protocols, these enhancements can cause a empty workgroup to stay around
forever which can be annoying.
In general you should leave this option enabled as it makes cross-subnet browse
propagation much more reliable.
Default: enhanced browsing = yes
The concept of a "port" is fairly
foreign to UNIX hosts. Under Windows NT/2000 print servers, a port is
associated with a port monitor and generally takes the form of a local port
(i.e. LPT1:, COM1:, FILE:) or a remote port (i.e. LPD Port Monitor, etc...).
By default, Samba has only one port defined-- "Samba Printer
Port". Under Windows NT/2000, all printers must have a valid port
name. If you wish to have a list of ports displayed (smbd does not use a port
name for anything) other than the default "Samba Printer
Port", you can define enumports command to point to a program
which should generate a list of ports, one per line, to standard output. This
listing will then be used in response to the level 1 and 2 EnumPorts() RPC.
Default: enumports command =
Example: enumports command = /usr/bin/listports
This option defines a list of log names that
Samba will report to the Microsoft EventViewer utility. The listed eventlogs
will be associated with tdb file on disk in the $(lockdir)/eventlog.
The administrator must use an external process to parse the normal Unix logs
such as /var/log/messages and write then entries to the eventlog tdb files.
Refer to the eventlogadm(8) utility for how to write eventlog entries.
Default: eventlog list =
Example: eventlog list = Security Application Syslog
Apache
NTFS and Windows VFAT file systems keep a
create time for all files and directories. This is not the same as the ctime -
status change time - that Unix keeps, so Samba by default reports the earliest
of the various times Unix does keep. Setting this parameter for a share causes
Samba to always report midnight 1-1-1980 as the create time for directories.
This option is mainly used as a compatibility option for Visual C++ when used
against Samba shares. Visual C++ generated makefiles have the object directory
as a dependency for each object file, and a make rule to create the directory.
Also, when NMAKE compares timestamps it uses the creation time when examining
a directory. Thus the object directory will be created if it does not exist,
but once it does exist it will always have an earlier timestamp than the
object files it contains.
However, Unix time semantics mean that the create time reported by Samba will be
updated whenever a file is created or or deleted in the directory. NMAKE finds
all object files in the object directory. The timestamp of the last one built
is then compared to the timestamp of the object directory. If the
directory´s timestamp if newer, then all object files will be rebuilt.
Enabling this option ensures directories always predate their contents and an
NMAKE build will proceed as expected.
Default: fake directory create times = no
Oplocks are the way that SMB clients get
permission from a server to locally cache file operations. If a server grants
an oplock (opportunistic lock) then the client is free to assume that it is
the only one accessing the file and it will aggressively cache file data. With
some oplock types the client may even cache file open/close operations. This
can give enormous performance benefits.
When you set fake oplocks = yes, smbd(8) will always grant oplock
requests no matter how many clients are using the file.
It is generally much better to use the real oplocks support rather than
this parameter.
If you enable this option on all read-only shares or shares that you know will
only be accessed from one client at a time such as physically read-only media
like CDROMs, you will see a big performance improvement on many operations. If
you enable this option on shares where multiple clients may be accessing the
files read-write at the same time you can get data corruption. Use this option
carefully!
Default: fake oplocks = no
This parameter allows the Samba administrator
to stop smbd(8) from following symbolic links in a particular share.
Setting this parameter to no prevents any file or directory that is a
symbolic link from being followed (the user will get an error). This option is
very useful to stop users from adding a symbolic link to /etc/passwd in their
home directory for instance. However it will slow filename lookups down
slightly.
This option is enabled (i.e. smbd will follow symbolic links) by default.
Default: follow symlinks = yes
This parameter specifies a set of UNIX mode
bit permissions that will always be set on a file created by Samba.
This is done by bitwise ´OR´ing these bits onto the mode bits of a
file that is being created. The default for this parameter is (in octal) 000.
The modes in this parameter are bitwise ´OR´ed onto the file mode
after the mask set in the create mask parameter is applied.
The example below would force all newly created files to have read and execute
permissions set for ´group´ and ´other´ as well as the
read/write/execute bits set for the ´user´.
Default: force create mode = 000
Example: force create mode = 0755
This parameter specifies a set of UNIX mode
bit permissions that will always be set on a directory created by
Samba. This is done by bitwise ´OR´ing these bits onto the mode bits
of a directory that is being created. The default for this parameter is (in
octal) 0000 which will not add any extra permission bits to a created
directory. This operation is done after the mode mask in the parameter
directory mask is applied.
The example below would force all created directories to have read and execute
permissions set for ´group´ and ´other´ as well as the
read/write/execute bits set for the ´user´.
Default: force directory mode = 000
Example: force directory mode = 0755
This parameter controls what UNIX permission
bits can be modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX
permission on a directory using the native NT security dialog box.
This parameter is applied as a mask (OR´ed with) to the changed permission
bits, thus forcing any bits in this mask that the user may have modified to be
on. Make sure not to mix up this parameter with directory security
mask, which works in a similar manner to this one, but uses a logical AND
instead of an OR.
Essentially, this mask may be treated as a set of bits that, when modifying
security on a directory, to will enable (1) any flags that are off (0) but
which the mask has set to on (1).
If not set explicitly this parameter is 0000, which allows a user to modify all
the user/group/world permissions on a directory without restrictions.
Note
Users who can access the Samba server through other means can easily bypass this
restriction, so it is primarily useful for standalone "appliance"
systems. Administrators of most normal systems will probably want to leave it
set as 0000.
Default: force directory security mode = 0
Example: force directory security mode = 700
This parameter is a synonym for force
group.
This specifies a UNIX group name that will be
assigned as the default primary group for all users connecting to this
service. This is useful for sharing files by ensuring that all access to files
on service will use the named group for their permissions checking. Thus, by
assigning permissions for this group to the files and directories within this
service the Samba administrator can restrict or allow sharing of these files.
In Samba 2.0.5 and above this parameter has extended functionality in the
following way. If the group name listed here has a ´+´ character
prepended to it then the current user accessing the share only has the primary
group default assigned to this group if they are already assigned as a member
of that group. This allows an administrator to decide that only users who are
already in a particular group will create files with group ownership set to
that group. This gives a finer granularity of ownership assignment. For
example, the setting force group = +sys means that only users who are already
in group sys will have their default primary group assigned to sys when
accessing this Samba share. All other users will retain their ordinary primary
group.
If the force user parameter is also set the group specified in force
group will override the primary group set in force user.
Default: force group =
Example: force group = agroup
When printing from Windows NT (or later), each
printer in smb.conf has two associated names which can be used by the client.
The first is the sharename (or shortname) defined in smb.conf. This is the
only printername available for use by Windows 9x clients. The second name
associated with a printer can be seen when browsing to the
"Printers" (or "Printers and Faxes") folder on the Samba
server. This is referred to simply as the printername (not to be confused with
the printer name option).
When assigning a new driver to a printer on a remote Windows compatible print
server such as Samba, the Windows client will rename the printer to match the
driver name just uploaded. This can result in confusion for users when
multiple printers are bound to the same driver. To prevent Samba from allowing
the printer´s printername to differ from the sharename defined in
smb.conf, set force printername = yes.
Be aware that enabling this parameter may affect migrating printers from a
Windows server to Samba since Windows has no way to force the sharename and
printername to match.
It is recommended that this parameter´s value not be changed once the
printer is in use by clients as this could cause a user not be able to delete
printer connections from their local Printers folder.
Default: force printername = no
This parameter controls what UNIX permission
bits can be modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX
permission on a file using the native NT security dialog box.
This parameter is applied as a mask (OR´ed with) to the changed permission
bits, thus forcing any bits in this mask that the user may have modified to be
on. Make sure not to mix up this parameter with security mask, which
works similar like this one but uses logical AND instead of OR.
Essentially, one bits in this mask may be treated as a set of bits that, when
modifying security on a file, the user has always set to be on.
If not set explicitly this parameter is set to 0, and allows a user to modify
all the user/group/world permissions on a file, with no restrictions.
Note that users who can access the Samba server through other means can
easily bypass this restriction, so it is primarily useful for standalone
"appliance" systems. Administrators of most normal systems will
probably want to leave this set to 0000.
Default: force security mode = 0
Example: force security mode = 700
If this parameter is set, a Windows NT ACL
that contains an unknown SID (security descriptor, or representation of a user
or group id) as the owner or group owner of the file will be silently mapped
into the current UNIX uid or gid of the currently connected user.
This is designed to allow Windows NT clients to copy files and folders
containing ACLs that were created locally on the client machine and contain
users local to that machine only (no domain users) to be copied to a Samba
server (usually with XCOPY /O) and have the unknown userid and groupid of the
file owner map to the current connected user. This can only be fixed correctly
when winbindd allows arbitrary mapping from any Windows NT SID to a UNIX uid
or gid.
Try using this parameter when XCOPY /O gives an ACCESS_DENIED error.
Default: force unknown acl user = no
This specifies a UNIX user name that will be
assigned as the default user for all users connecting to this service. This is
useful for sharing files. You should also use it carefully as using it
incorrectly can cause security problems.
This user name only gets used once a connection is established. Thus clients
still need to connect as a valid user and supply a valid password. Once
connected, all file operations will be performed as the "forced
user", no matter what username the client connected as. This can be very
useful.
In Samba 2.0.5 and above this parameter also causes the primary group of the
forced user to be used as the primary group for all file activity. Prior to
2.0.5 the primary group was left as the primary group of the connecting user
(this was a bug).
Default: force user =
Example: force user = auser
This parameter allows the administrator to
configure the string that specifies the type of filesystem a share is using
that is reported by smbd(8) when a client queries the filesystem type
for a share. The default type is NTFS for compatibility with Windows NT
but this can be changed to other strings such as Samba or FAT if
required.
Default: fstype = NTFS
Example: fstype = Samba
The get quota command should only be used
whenever there is no operating system API available from the OS that samba can
use.
This option is only available you have compiled Samba with the --with-sys-quotas
option or on Linux with --with-quotas and a working quota api was found in the
system.
This parameter should specify the path to a script that queries the quota
information for the specified user/group for the partition that the specified
directory is on.
Such a script should take 3 arguments:
The type of query can be one of :
•directory
•type of query
•uid of user or gid of group
•1 - user quotas
•2 - user default quotas (uid =
-1)
•3 - group quotas
•4 - group default quotas (gid =
-1)
•Arg 1 - quota flags (0 = no quotas, 1 =
quotas enabled, 2 = quotas enabled and enforced)
•Arg 2 - number of currently used
blocks
•Arg 3 - the softlimit number of
blocks
•Arg 4 - the hardlimit number of
blocks
•Arg 5 - currently used number of
inodes
•Arg 6 - the softlimit number of
inodes
•Arg 7 - the hardlimit number of
inodes
•Arg 8(optional) - the number of bytes
in a block(default is 1024)
This is a tuning option. When this is enabled
a caching algorithm will be used to reduce the time taken for getwd() calls.
This can have a significant impact on performance, especially when the wide
smbconfoptions parameter is set to no.
Default: getwd cache = yes
This is a username which will be used for
access to services which are specified as guest ok (see below).
Whatever privileges this user has will be available to any client connecting
to the guest service. This user must exist in the password file, but does not
require a valid login. The user account "ftp" is often a good choice
for this parameter.
On some systems the default guest account "nobody" may not be able to
print. Use another account in this case. You should test this by trying to log
in as your guest user (perhaps by using the su - command) and trying to print
using the system print command such as lpr(1) or lp(1).
This parameter does not accept % macros, because many parts of the system
require this value to be constant for correct operation.
Default: guest account = nobody # default can be changed
at compile-time
Example: guest account = ftp
This parameter is a synonym for guest
ok.
If this parameter is yes for a service,
then no password is required to connect to the service. Privileges will be
those of the guest account.
This parameter nullifies the benefits of setting restrict anonymous = 2
See the section below on security for more information about this option.
Default: guest ok = no
This parameter is a synonym for guest
only.
If this parameter is yes for a service,
then only guest connections to the service are permitted. This parameter will
have no effect if guest ok is not set for the service.
See the section below on security for more information about this option.
Default: guest only = no
This is a boolean parameter that controls
whether files starting with a dot appear as hidden files.
Default: hide dot files = yes
This is a list of files or directories that
are not visible but are accessible. The DOS ´hidden´ attribute is
applied to any files or directories that match.
Each entry in the list must be separated by a ´/´, which allows spaces
to be included in the entry. ´*´ and ´?´ can be used to
specify multiple files or directories as in DOS wildcards.
Each entry must be a Unix path, not a DOS path and must not include the Unix
directory separator ´/´.
Note that the case sensitivity option is applicable in hiding files.
Setting this parameter will affect the performance of Samba, as it will be
forced to check all files and directories for a match as they are scanned.
The example shown above is based on files that the Macintosh SMB client (DAVE)
available from Thursby creates for internal use, and also still hides all
files beginning with a dot.
An example of us of this parameter is:
Default: hide files = # no file are hidden
hide files = /.*/DesktopFolderDB/TrashFor%m/resource.frk/
This parameter prevents clients from seeing
special files such as sockets, devices and fifo´s in directory listings.
Default: hide special files = no
This parameter prevents clients from seeing
the existance of files that cannot be read. Defaults to off.
Default: hide unreadable = no
This parameter prevents clients from seeing
the existance of files that cannot be written to. Defaults to off. Note that
unwriteable directories are shown as usual.
Default: hide unwriteable files = no
If nis homedir is yes, and
smbd(8) is also acting as a Win95/98 logon server then this
parameter specifies the NIS (or YP) map from which the server for the
user´s home directory should be extracted. At present, only the Sun
auto.home map format is understood. The form of the map is:
and the program will extract the servername from before the first ´:´.
There should probably be a better parsing system that copes with different map
formats and also Amd (another automounter) maps.
Note
A working NIS client is required on the system for this option to work.
Default: homedir map =
Example: homedir map = amd.homedir
username server:/some/file/system
If set to yes, Samba will act as a Dfs
server, and allow Dfs-aware clients to browse Dfs trees hosted on the server.
See also the msdfs root share level parameter. For more information on
setting up a Dfs tree on Samba, refer to the MSFDS chapter in the book
Samba3-HOWTO.
Default: host msdfs = yes
Specifies whether samba should use (expensive)
hostname lookups or use the ip addresses instead. An example place where
hostname lookups are currently used is when checking the hosts deny and hosts
allow.
Default: hostname lookups = no
Example: hostname lookups = yes
This parameter is a synonym for hosts
allow.
A synonym for this parameter is allow
hosts.
This parameter is a comma, space, or tab delimited set of hosts which are
permitted to access a service.
If specified in the [global] section then it will apply to all services,
regardless of whether the individual service has a different setting.
You can specify the hosts by name or IP number. For example, you could restrict
access to only the hosts on a Class C subnet with something like allow hosts =
150.203.5.. The full syntax of the list is described in the man page
hosts_access(5). Note that this man page may not be present on your system, so
a brief description will be given here also.
Note that the localhost address 127.0.0.1 will always be allowed access unless
specifically denied by a hosts deny option.
You can also specify hosts by network/netmask pairs and by netgroup names if
your system supports netgroups. The EXCEPT keyword can also be used to
limit a wildcard list. The following examples may provide some help:
Example 1: allow all IPs in 150.203.*.*; except one
hosts allow = 150.203. EXCEPT 150.203.6.66
Example 2: allow hosts that match the given network/netmask
hosts allow = 150.203.15.0/255.255.255.0
Example 3: allow a couple of hosts
hosts allow = lapland, arvidsjaur
Example 4: allow only hosts in NIS netgroup "foonet", but deny access
from one particular host
hosts allow = @foonet
hosts deny = pirate
Note
Note that access still requires suitable user-level passwords.
See testparm(1) for a way of testing your host access to see if it does
what you expect.
Default: hosts allow = # none (i.e., all hosts
permitted access)
Example: hosts allow = 150.203.5.
myhost.mynet.edu.au
This parameter is a synonym for hosts
deny.
The opposite of hosts allow - hosts
listed here are NOT permitted access to services unless the specific
services have their own lists to override this one. Where the lists conflict,
the allow list takes precedence.
In the event that it is necessary to deny all by default, use the keyword ALL
(or the netmask 0.0.0.0/0) and then explicitly specify to the hosts allow =
hosts allow parameter those hosts that should be permitted access.
Default: hosts deny = # none (i.e., no hosts
specifically excluded)
Example: hosts deny = 150.203.4.
badhost.mynet.edu.au
The idmap backend provides a plugin interface
for Winbind to use varying backends to store SID/uid/gid mapping tables.
This option specifies the default backend that is used when no special
configuration set, but it is now deprecated in favour of the new spelling
idmap config * : backend.
Default: idmap backend = tdb
This parameter specifies the number of seconds
that Winbind´s idmap interface will cache positive SID/uid/gid query
results.
Default: idmap cache time = 604800 (one week)
ID mapping in Samba is the mapping between
Windows SIDs and Unix user and group IDs. This is performed by Winbindd with a
configurable plugin interface. Samba´s ID mapping is configured by
options starting with the idmap config prefix. An idmap option consists
of the idmap config prefix, followed by a domain name or the asterisk
character (*), a colon, and the name of an idmap setting for the chosen
domain.
The idmap configuration is hence divided into groups, one group for each domain
to be configured, and one group with the the asterisk instead of a proper
domain name, which speifies the default configuration that is used to catch
all domains that do not have an explicit idmap configuration of their own.
There are three general options available:
backend = backend_name
The following example illustrates how to configure the idmap_ad(8)
backend for the CORP domain and the idmap_tdb(8) backend for all other
domains. This configuration assumes that the admin of CORP assigns unix ids
below 1000000 via the SFU extensions, and winbind is supposed to use the next
million entries for its own mappings from trusted domains and for local groups
for example.
No default
This specifies the name of the idmap plugin to
use as the SID/uid/gid backend for this domain. The standard backends are tdb
( idmap_tdb(8)), tdb2 (idmap_tdb2(8)), ldap
(idmap_ldap(8)), , rid ( idmap_rid(8)), , hash
(idmap_hash(8)), , autorid ( idmap_autorid(8)), , ad
(idmap_ad(8)), , adex ( idmap_adex(8)), , and nss.
(idmap_nss(8)), The corresponding manual pages contain the details, but
here is a summary.
The first three of these create mappings of their own using internal unixid
counters and store the mappings in a database. These are suitable for use in
the default idmap configuration. The rid and hash backends use a pure
algorithmic calculation to determine the unixid for a SID. The autorid module
is a mixture of the tdb and rid backend. It creates ranges for each domain
encountered and then uses the rid algorithm for each of these automatically
configured domains individually. The ad and adex backends both use unix IDs
stored in Active Directory via the standard schema extensions. The nss backend
reverses the standard winbindd setup and gets the unixids via names from
nsswitch which can be useful in an ldap setup.
range = low - high
Defines the available matching uid and gid
range for which the backend is authoritative. For allocating backends, this
also defines the start and the end of the range for allocating new unid IDs.
winbind uses this parameter to find the backend that is authoritative for a unix
ID to SID mapping, so it must be set for each individually configured domain
and for the default configuration. The configured ranges must be mutually
disjoint.
read only = yes|no
This option can be used to turn the writing
backends tdb, tdb2, and ldap into read only mode. This can be useful e.g. in
cases where a pre-filled database exists that should not be extended
automatically.
idmap config * : backend = tdb idmap config * : range = 1000000-1999999 idmap config CORP : backend = ad idmap config CORP : range = 1000-999999
This parameter is a synonym for idmap
gid.
The idmap gid parameter specifies the range of
group ids for the default idmap configuration. It is now deprecated in favour
of idmap config * : range.
See the idmap config option.
Default: idmap gid =
Example: idmap gid = 10000-20000
This parameter specifies the number of seconds
that Winbind´s idmap interface will cache negative SID/uid/gid query
results.
Default: idmap negative cache time = 120
This parameter is a synonym for idmap
uid.
The idmap uid parameter specifies the range of
user ids for the default idmap configuration. It is now deprecated in favour
of idmap config * : range.
See the idmap config option.
Default: idmap uid =
Example: idmap uid = 10000-20000
This allows you to include one config file
inside another. The file is included literally, as though typed in place.
It takes the standard substitutions, except %u, %P and %S.
The parameter include = registry has a special meaning: It does
not include a file named registry from the current working
directory, but instead reads the global configuration options from the
registry. See the section on registry-based configuration for details. Note
that this option automatically activates registry shares.
Default: include =
Example: include =
/usr/local/samba/lib/admin_smb.conf
This parameter can be used to ensure that if
default acls exist on parent directories, they are always honored when
creating a new file or subdirectory in these parent directories. The default
behavior is to use the unix mode specified when creating the directory.
Enabling this option sets the unix mode to 0777, thus guaranteeing that
default directory acls are propagated. Note that using the VFS modules
acl_xattr or acl_tdb which store native Windows as meta-data will
automatically turn this option on for any share for which they are loaded, as
they require this option to emulate Windows ACLs correctly.
Default: inherit acls = no
The ownership of new files and directories is
normally governed by effective uid of the connected user. This option allows
the Samba administrator to specify that the ownership for new files and
directories should be controlled by the ownership of the parent directory.
Common scenarios where this behavior is useful is in implementing drop-boxes
where users can create and edit files but not delete them and to ensure that
newly create files in a user´s roaming profile directory are actually
owner by the user.
Default: inherit owner = no
The permissions on new files and directories
are normally governed by create mask, directory mask, force
create mode and force directory mode but the boolean inherit
permissions parameter overrides this.
New directories inherit the mode of the parent directory, including bits such as
setgid.
New files inherit their read/write bits from the parent directory. Their execute
bits continue to be determined by map archive, map hidden and
map system as usual.
Note that the setuid bit is never set via inheritance (the code
explicitly prohibits this).
This can be particularly useful on large systems with many users, perhaps
several thousand, to allow a single [homes] share to be used flexibly by each
user.
Default: inherit permissions = no
This parameter takes a list of host names,
addresses or networks for which the initial samlogon reply should be delayed
(so other DCs get preferred by XP workstations if there are any).
The length of the delay can be specified with the init logon delay
parameter.
Default: init logon delayed hosts =
Example: init logon delayed hosts = 150.203.5.
myhost.mynet.de
This parameter specifies a delay in
milliseconds for the hosts configured for delayed initial samlogon with
init logon delayed hosts.
Default: init logon delay = 100
This option allows you to override the default
network interfaces list that Samba will use for browsing, name registration
and other NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NBT) traffic. By default Samba will query the
kernel for the list of all active interfaces and use any interfaces except
127.0.0.1 that are broadcast capable.
The option takes a list of interface strings. Each string can be in any of the
following forms:
The "mask" parameters can either be a bit length (such as 24 for a C
class network) or a full netmask in dotted decimal form.
•a network interface name (such as
eth0). This may include shell-like wildcards so eth* will match any interface
starting with the substring "eth"
•an IP address. In this case the netmask
is determined from the list of interfaces obtained from the kernel
•an IP/mask pair.
•a broadcast/mask pair.
This is a list of users that should not be
allowed to login to this service. This is really a paranoid check to
absolutely ensure an improper setting does not breach your security.
A name starting with a ´@´ is interpreted as an NIS netgroup first (if
your system supports NIS), and then as a UNIX group if the name was not found
in the NIS netgroup database.
A name starting with ´+´ is interpreted only by looking in the UNIX
group database via the NSS getgrnam() interface. A name starting with
´&´ is interpreted only by looking in the NIS netgroup database
(this requires NIS to be working on your system). The characters ´+´
and ´&´ may be used at the start of the name in either order so
the value +&group means check the UNIX group database, followed by
the NIS netgroup database, and the value &+group means check the
NIS netgroup database, followed by the UNIX group database (the same as the
´@´ prefix).
The current servicename is substituted for %S. This is useful in the
[homes] section.
Default: invalid users = # no invalid users
Example: invalid users = root fred admin @wheel
This parameter is only applicable if
printing is set to iprint.
If set, this option overrides the ServerName option in the CUPS client.conf.
This is necessary if you have virtual samba servers that connect to different
CUPS daemons.
Default: iprint server = ""
Example: iprint server = MYCUPSSERVER
The value of the parameter (an integer)
represents the number of seconds between keepalive packets. If this
parameter is zero, no keepalive packets will be sent. Keepalive packets, if
sent, allow the server to tell whether a client is still present and
responding.
Keepalives should, in general, not be needed if the socket has the SO_KEEPALIVE
attribute set on it by default. (see socket options). Basically you
should only use this option if you strike difficulties.
Default: keepalive = 300
Example: keepalive = 600
Controls how kerberos tickets are verified.
Valid options are:
The major difference between "system keytab" and "dedicated
keytab" is that the latter method relies on kerberos to find the correct
keytab entry instead of filtering based on expected principals.
•secrets only - use only the secrets.tdb
for ticket verification (default)
•system keytab - use only the system
keytab for ticket verification
•dedicated keytab - use a dedicated
keytab for ticket verification
•secrets and keytab - use the
secrets.tdb first, then the system keytab
This parameter specifies whether Samba should
ask the kernel for change notifications in directories so that SMB clients can
refresh whenever the data on the server changes.
This parameter is only used when your kernel supports change notification to
user programs using the inotify interface.
Default: kernel change notify = yes
For UNIXes that support kernel based
oplocks (currently only IRIX and the Linux 2.4 kernel), this parameter
allows the use of them to be turned on or off.
Kernel oplocks support allows Samba oplocks to be broken whenever a
local UNIX process or NFS operation accesses a file that smbd(8) has
oplocked. This allows complete data consistency between SMB/CIFS, NFS and
local file access (and is a very cool feature :-).
This parameter defaults to on, but is translated to a no-op on systems
that no not have the necessary kernel support. You should never need to touch
this parameter.
Default: kernel oplocks = yes
This parameter determines whether or not
smbd(8) will attempt to authenticate users or permit password changes
using the LANMAN password hash. If disabled, only clients which support NT
password hashes (e.g. Windows NT/2000 clients, smbclient, but not Windows
95/98 or the MS DOS network client) will be able to connect to the Samba host.
The LANMAN encrypted response is easily broken, due to its case-insensitive
nature, and the choice of algorithm. Servers without Windows 95/98/ME or MS
DOS clients are advised to disable this option.
When this parameter is set to no this will also result in sambaLMPassword in
Samba´s passdb being blanked after the next password change. As a result
of that lanman clients won´t be able to authenticate, even if lanman auth
is reenabled later on.
Unlike the encrypt passwords option, this parameter cannot alter client
behaviour, and the LANMAN response will still be sent over the network. See
the client lanman auth to disable this for Samba´s clients (such as
smbclient)
If this option, and ntlm auth are both disabled, then only NTLMv2 logins will be
permited. Not all clients support NTLMv2, and most will require special
configuration to use it.
Default: lanman auth = no
This parameter determines whether or not
smbd(8) supports the new 64k streaming read and write variant SMB
requests introduced with Windows 2000. Note that due to Windows 2000 client
redirector bugs this requires Samba to be running on a 64-bit capable
operating system such as IRIX, Solaris or a Linux 2.4 kernel. Can improve
performance by 10% with Windows 2000 clients. Defaults to on. Not as tested as
some other Samba code paths.
Default: large readwrite = yes
The ldap admin dn defines the
Distinguished Name (DN) name used by Samba to contact the ldap server when
retreiving user account information. The ldap admin dn is used in
conjunction with the admin dn password stored in the private/secrets.tdb file.
See the smbpasswd(8) man page for more information on how to accomplish
this.
The ldap admin dn requires a fully specified DN. The ldap suffix
is not appended to the ldap admin dn.
No default
This parameter tells the LDAP library calls
which timeout in seconds they should honor during initial connection
establishments to LDAP servers. It is very useful in failover scenarios in
particular. If one or more LDAP servers are not reachable at all, we do not
have to wait until TCP timeouts are over. This feature must be supported by
your LDAP library.
This parameter is different from ldap timeout which affects operations on
LDAP servers using an existing connection and not establishing an initial
connection.
Default: ldap connection timeout = 2
This parameter controls the debug level of the
LDAP library calls. In the case of OpenLDAP, it is the same bit-field as
understood by the server and documented in the slapd.conf(5) manpage. A
typical useful value will be 1 for tracing function calls.
The debug ouput from the LDAP libraries appears with the prefix [LDAP] in
Samba´s logging output. The level at which LDAP logging is printed is
controlled by the parameter ldap debug threshold.
Default: ldap debug level = 0
Example: ldap debug level = 1
This parameter controls the Samba debug level
at which the ldap library debug output is printed in the Samba logs. See the
description of ldap debug level for details.
Default: ldap debug threshold = 10
Example: ldap debug threshold = 5
This parameter specifies whether a delete
operation in the ldapsam deletes the complete entry or only the attributes
specific to Samba.
Default: ldap delete dn = no
This option controls whether Samba should tell
the LDAP library to use a certain alias dereferencing method. The default is
auto, which means that the default setting of the ldap client library
will be kept. Other possible values are never, finding,
searching and always. Grab your LDAP manual for more
information.
Default: ldap deref = auto
Example: ldap deref = searching
This option controls whether to follow LDAP
referrals or not when searching for entries in the LDAP database. Possible
values are on to enable following referrals, off to disable
this, and auto, to use the libldap default settings. libldap´s
choice of following referrals or not is set in /etc/openldap/ldap.conf with
the REFERRALS parameter as documented in ldap.conf(5).
Default: ldap follow referral = auto
Example: ldap follow referral = off
This parameter specifies the suffix that is
used for groups when these are added to the LDAP directory. If this parameter
is unset, the value of ldap suffix will be used instead. The suffix
string is pre-pended to the ldap suffix string so use a partial DN.
Default: ldap group suffix =
Example: ldap group suffix = ou=Groups
This parameters specifies the suffix that is
used when storing idmap mappings. If this parameter is unset, the value of
ldap suffix will be used instead. The suffix string is pre-pended to
the ldap suffix string so use a partial DN.
Default: ldap idmap suffix =
Example: ldap idmap suffix = ou=Idmap
It specifies where machines should be added to
the ldap tree. If this parameter is unset, the value of ldap suffix
will be used instead. The suffix string is pre-pended to the ldap
suffix string so use a partial DN.
Default: ldap machine suffix =
Example: ldap machine suffix = ou=Computers
This parameter specifies the number of entries
per page.
If the LDAP server supports paged results, clients can request subsets of search
results (pages) instead of the entire list. This parameter specifies the size
of these pages.
Default: ldap page size = 1024
Example: ldap page size = 512
This option is used to define whether or not
Samba should sync the LDAP password with the NT and LM hashes for normal
accounts (NOT for workstation, server or domain trusts) on a password change
via SAMBA.
The ldap passwd sync can be set to one of three values:
Default: ldap passwd sync = no
•Yes = Try to update the LDAP, NT
and LM passwords and update the pwdLastSet time.
•No = Update NT and LM passwords
and update the pwdLastSet time.
•Only = Only update the LDAP
password and let the LDAP server do the rest.
When Samba is asked to write to a read-only
LDAP replica, we are redirected to talk to the read-write master server. This
server then replicates our changes back to the ´local´ server,
however the replication might take some seconds, especially over slow links.
Certain client activities, particularly domain joins, can become confused by
the ´success´ that does not immediately change the LDAP
back-end´s data.
This option simply causes Samba to wait a short time, to allow the LDAP server
to catch up. If you have a particularly high-latency network, you may wish to
time the LDAP replication with a network sniffer, and increase this value
accordingly. Be aware that no checking is performed that the data has actually
replicated.
The value is specified in milliseconds, the maximum value is 5000 (5 seconds).
Default: ldap replication sleep = 1000
Editposix is an option that leverages
ldapsam:trusted to make it simpler to manage a domain controller eliminating
the need to set up custom scripts to add and manage the posix users and
groups. This option will instead directly manipulate the ldap tree to create,
remove and modify user and group entries. This option also requires a running
winbindd as it is used to allocate new uids/gids on user/group creation. The
allocation range must be therefore configured.
To use this option, a basic ldap tree must be provided and the ldap suffix
parameters must be properly configured. On virgin servers the default users
and groups (Administrator, Guest, Domain Users, Domain Admins, Domain Guests)
can be precreated with the command net sam provision. To run this command the
ldap server must be running, Winindd must be running and the smb.conf ldap
options must be properly configured. The typical ldap setup used with the
ldapsam:trusted = yes option is usually sufficient to use
ldapsam:editposix = yes as well.
An example configuration can be the following:
This configuration assumes a directory layout like described in the following
ldif:
Default: ldapsam:editposix = no
encrypt passwords = true passdb backend = ldapsam ldapsam:trusted=yes ldapsam:editposix=yes ldap admin dn = cn=admin,dc=samba,dc=org ldap delete dn = yes ldap group suffix = ou=groups ldap idmap suffix = ou=idmap ldap machine suffix = ou=computers ldap user suffix = ou=users ldap suffix = dc=samba,dc=org idmap backend = ldap:"ldap://localhost" idmap uid = 5000-50000 idmap gid = 5000-50000
dn: dc=samba,dc=org objectClass: top objectClass: dcObject objectClass: organization o: samba.org dc: samba dn: cn=admin,dc=samba,dc=org objectClass: simpleSecurityObject objectClass: organizationalRole cn: admin description: LDAP administrator userPassword: secret dn: ou=users,dc=samba,dc=org objectClass: top objectClass: organizationalUnit ou: users dn: ou=groups,dc=samba,dc=org objectClass: top objectClass: organizationalUnit ou: groups dn: ou=idmap,dc=samba,dc=org objectClass: top objectClass: organizationalUnit ou: idmap dn: ou=computers,dc=samba,dc=org objectClass: top objectClass: organizationalUnit ou: computers
By default, Samba as a Domain Controller with
an LDAP backend needs to use the Unix-style NSS subsystem to access user and
group information. Due to the way Unix stores user information in /etc/passwd
and /etc/group this inevitably leads to inefficiencies. One important question
a user needs to know is the list of groups he is member of. The plain UNIX
model involves a complete enumeration of the file /etc/group and its NSS
counterparts in LDAP. UNIX has optimized functions to enumerate group
membership. Sadly, other functions that are used to deal with user and group
attributes lack such optimization.
To make Samba scale well in large environments, the ldapsam:trusted = yes
option assumes that the complete user and group database that is relevant to
Samba is stored in LDAP with the standard posixAccount/posixGroup attributes.
It further assumes that the Samba auxiliary object classes are stored together
with the POSIX data in the same LDAP object. If these assumptions are met,
ldapsam:trusted = yes can be activated and Samba can bypass the NSS
system to query user group memberships. Optimized LDAP queries can greatly
speed up domain logon and administration tasks. Depending on the size of the
LDAP database a factor of 100 or more for common queries is easily achieved.
Default: ldapsam:trusted = no
This option is used to define whether or not
Samba should use SSL when connecting to the ldap server using ads
methods. Rpc methods are not affected by this parameter. Please note, that
this parameter won´t have any effect if ldap ssl is set to
no.
See smb.conf(5) for more information on ldap ssl.
Default: ldap ssl ads = no
This option is used to define whether or not
Samba should use SSL when connecting to the ldap server This is NOT
related to Samba´s previous SSL support which was enabled by specifying
the --with-ssl option to the configure script.
LDAP connections should be secured where possible. This may be done setting
either this parameter to Start_tls or by specifying
ldaps:// in the URL argument of passdb backend.
The ldap ssl can be set to one of two values:
Please note that this parameter does only affect rpc methods. To enable
the LDAPv3 StartTLS extended operation (RFC2830) for ads, set ldap
ssl = yes and ldap ssl ads = yes. See smb.conf(5) for more
information on ldap ssl ads.
•Off = Never use SSL when
querying the directory.
•start tls = Use the LDAPv3
StartTLS extended operation (RFC2830) for communicating with the directory
server.
Specifies the base for all ldap suffixes and
for storing the sambaDomain object.
The ldap suffix will be appended to the values specified for the ldap user
suffix, ldap group suffix, ldap machine suffix, and the
ldap idmap suffix. Each of these should be given only a DN relative to
the ldap suffix.
Default: ldap suffix =
Example: ldap suffix = dc=samba,dc=org
This parameter defines the number of seconds
that Samba should use as timeout for LDAP operations.
Default: ldap timeout = 15
This parameter specifies where users are added
to the tree. If this parameter is unset, the value of ldap suffix will
be used instead. The suffix string is pre-pended to the ldap suffix
string so use a partial DN.
Default: ldap user suffix =
Example: ldap user suffix = ou=people
This parameter controls whether Samba supports
level2 (read-only) oplocks on a share.
Level2, or read-only oplocks allow Windows NT clients that have an oplock on a
file to downgrade from a read-write oplock to a read-only oplock once a second
client opens the file (instead of releasing all oplocks on a second open, as
in traditional, exclusive oplocks). This allows all openers of the file that
support level2 oplocks to cache the file for read-ahead only (ie. they may not
cache writes or lock requests) and increases performance for many accesses of
files that are not commonly written (such as application .EXE files).
Once one of the clients which have a read-only oplock writes to the file all
clients are notified (no reply is needed or waited for) and told to break
their oplocks to "none" and delete any read-ahead caches.
It is recommended that this parameter be turned on to speed access to shared
executables.
For more discussions on level2 oplocks see the CIFS spec.
Currently, if kernel oplocks are supported then level2 oplocks are not
granted (even if this parameter is set to yes). Note also, the
oplocks parameter must be set to yes on this share in order for
this parameter to have any effect.
Default: level2 oplocks = yes
This parameter determines if nmbd(8)
will produce Lanman announce broadcasts that are needed by OS/2 clients in
order for them to see the Samba server in their browse list. This parameter
can have three values, yes, no, or auto. The default is
auto. If set to no Samba will never produce these broadcasts. If
set to yes Samba will produce Lanman announce broadcasts at a frequency
set by the parameter lm interval. If set to auto Samba will not
send Lanman announce broadcasts by default but will listen for them. If it
hears such a broadcast on the wire it will then start sending them at a
frequency set by the parameter lm interval.
Default: lm announce = auto
Example: lm announce = yes
If Samba is set to produce Lanman announce
broadcasts needed by OS/2 clients (see the lm announce parameter) then
this parameter defines the frequency in seconds with which they will be made.
If this is set to zero then no Lanman announcements will be made despite the
setting of the lm announce parameter.
Default: lm interval = 60
Example: lm interval = 120
A boolean variable that controls whether all
printers in the printcap will be loaded for browsing by default. See the
printers section for more details.
Default: load printers = yes
This option allows nmbd(8) to try and
become a local master browser on a subnet. If set to no then nmbd will
not attempt to become a local master browser on a subnet and will also lose in
all browsing elections. By default this value is set to yes. Setting
this value to yes doesn´t mean that Samba will become the
local master browser on a subnet, just that nmbd will participate in
elections for local master browser.
Setting this value to no will cause nmbd never to become a local
master browser.
Default: local master = yes
This parameter is a synonym for lock
directory.
This option specifies the directory where lock
files will be placed. The lock files are used to implement the max
connections option.
Note: This option can not be set inside registry configurations.
Default: lock directory = ${prefix}/var/locks
Example: lock directory = /var/run/samba/locks
This controls whether or not locking will be
performed by the server in response to lock requests from the client.
If locking = no, all lock and unlock requests will appear to succeed and all
lock queries will report that the file in question is available for locking.
If locking = yes, real locking will be performed by the server.
This option may be useful for read-only filesystems which may not
need locking (such as CDROM drives), although setting this parameter of
no is not really recommended even in this case.
Be careful about disabling locking either globally or in a specific service, as
lack of locking may result in data corruption. You should never need to set
this parameter.
No default
This parameter has been made inoperative in
Samba 3.0.24. The functionality it contolled is now controlled by the
parameter lock spin time.
Default: lock spin count = 0
The time in milliseconds that smbd should keep
waiting to see if a failed lock request can be granted. This parameter has
changed in default value from Samba 3.0.23 from 10 to 200. The associated
lock spin count parameter is no longer used in Samba 3.0.24. You should
not need to change the value of this parameter.
Default: lock spin time = 200
This option allows you to override the name of
the Samba log file (also known as the debug file).
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have separate log
files for each user or machine.
No default
Example: log file = /usr/local/samba/var/log.%m
This parameter is a synonym for log
level.
The value of the parameter (a astring) allows
the debug level (logging level) to be specified in the smb.conf file.
This parameter has been extended since the 2.2.x series, now it allows to
specify the debug level for multiple debug classes. This is to give greater
flexibility in the configuration of the system. The following debug classes
are currently implemented:
Default: log level = 0
•all
•tdb
•printdrivers
•lanman
•smb
•rpc_parse
•rpc_srv
•rpc_cli
•passdb
•sam
•auth
•winbind
•vfs
•idmap
•quota
•acls
•locking
•msdfs
•dmapi
•registry
This parameter specifies the local path to
which the home directory will be connected (see logon home) and is only
used by NT Workstations.
Note that this option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon server.
Default: logon drive =
Example: logon drive = h:
This parameter specifies the home directory
location when a Win95/98 or NT Workstation logs into a Samba PDC. It allows
you to do
C:\> NET USE H: /HOME
from a command prompt, for example.
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have separate
logon scripts for each user or machine.
This parameter can be used with Win9X workstations to ensure that roaming
profiles are stored in a subdirectory of the user´s home directory. This
is done in the following way:
logon home = \\%N\%U\profile
This tells Samba to return the above string, with substitutions made when a
client requests the info, generally in a NetUserGetInfo request. Win9X clients
truncate the info to \\server\share when a user does net use /home but use the
whole string when dealing with profiles.
Note that in prior versions of Samba, the logon path was returned rather
than logon home. This broke net use /home but allowed profiles outside
the home directory. The current implementation is correct, and can be used for
profiles if you use the above trick.
Disable this feature by setting logon home = "" - using the
empty string.
This option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon server.
Default: logon home = \\%N\%U
Example: logon home = \\remote_smb_server\%U
This parameter specifies the directory where
roaming profiles (Desktop, NTuser.dat, etc) are stored. Contrary to previous
versions of these manual pages, it has nothing to do with Win 9X roaming
profiles. To find out how to handle roaming profiles for Win 9X system, see
the logon home parameter.
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have separate
logon scripts for each user or machine. It also specifies the directory from
which the "Application Data", desktop, start menu, network
neighborhood, programs and other folders, and their contents, are loaded and
displayed on your Windows NT client.
The share and the path must be readable by the user for the preferences and
directories to be loaded onto the Windows NT client. The share must be
writeable when the user logs in for the first time, in order that the Windows
NT client can create the NTuser.dat and other directories. Thereafter, the
directories and any of the contents can, if required, be made read-only. It is
not advisable that the NTuser.dat file be made read-only - rename it to
NTuser.man to achieve the desired effect (a MANdatory profile).
Windows clients can sometimes maintain a connection to the [homes] share, even
though there is no user logged in. Therefore, it is vital that the logon path
does not include a reference to the homes share (i.e. setting this parameter
to \\%N\homes\profile_path will cause problems).
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have separate
logon scripts for each user or machine.
Warning
Do not quote the value. Setting this as “\\%N\profile\%U” will break
profile handling. Where the tdbsam or ldapsam passdb backend is used, at the
time the user account is created the value configured for this parameter is
written to the passdb backend and that value will over-ride the parameter
value present in the smb.conf file. Any error present in the passdb backend
account record must be editted using the appropriate tool (pdbedit on the
command-line, or any other locally provided system tool).
Note that this option is only useful if Samba is set up as a domain controller.
Disable the use of roaming profiles by setting the value of this parameter to
the empty string. For example, logon path = "". Take note
that even if the default setting in the smb.conf file is the empty string, any
value specified in the user account settings in the passdb backend will
over-ride the effect of setting this parameter to null. Disabling of all
roaming profile use requires that the user account settings must also be
blank.
An example of use is:
Default: logon path = \\%N\%U\profile
logon path = \\PROFILESERVER\PROFILE\%U
This parameter specifies the batch file (.bat)
or NT command file (.cmd) to be downloaded and run on a machine when a user
successfully logs in. The file must contain the DOS style CR/LF line endings.
Using a DOS-style editor to create the file is recommended.
The script must be a relative path to the [netlogon] service. If the
[netlogon] service specifies a path of /usr/local/samba/netlogon, and
logon script = STARTUP.BAT, then the file that will be downloaded is:
The contents of the batch file are entirely your choice. A suggested command
would be to add NET TIME \\SERVER /SET /YES, to force every machine to
synchronize clocks with the same time server. Another use would be to add NET
USE U: \\SERVER\UTILS for commonly used utilities, or
for example.
Note that it is particularly important not to allow write access to the
[netlogon] share, or to grant users write permission on the batch files in a
secure environment, as this would allow the batch files to be arbitrarily
modified and security to be breached.
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have separate
logon scripts for each user or machine.
This option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon server.
Default: logon script =
Example: logon script = scripts\%U.bat
/usr/local/samba/netlogon/STARTUP.BAT
NET USE Q: \\SERVER\ISO9001_QA
When the network connection between a CIFS
client and Samba dies, Samba has no option but to simply shut down the server
side of the network connection. If this happens, there is a risk of data
corruption because the Windows client did not complete all write operations
that the Windows application requested. Setting this option to "yes"
makes smbd log with a level 0 message a list of all files that have been
opened for writing when the network connection died. Those are the files that
are potentially corrupted. It is meant as an aid for the administrator to give
him a list of files to do consistency checks on.
Default: log writeable files on exit = no
This parameter specifies the command to be
executed on the server host in order to stop printing or spooling a specific
print job.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer name and job
number to pause the print job. One way of implementing this is by using job
priorities, where jobs having a too low priority won´t be sent to the
printer.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. A %j
is replaced with the job number (an integer). On HPUX (see printing=hpux
), if the -p%p option is added to the lpq command, the job will
show up with the correct status, i.e. if the job priority is lower than the
set fence priority it will have the PAUSED status, whereas if the priority is
equal or higher it will have the SPOOLED or PRINTING status.
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the lppause
command as the PATH may not be available to the server.
Default: lppause command = # Currently no default value
is given to this string, unless the value of the printing
parameter is SYSV, in which case the default is : lp -i %p-%j -H hold
or if the value of the printing parameter is SOFTQ, then the
default is: qstat -s -j%j -h.
Example: lppause command = /usr/bin/lpalt %p-%j
-p0
This controls how long lpq info will be cached
for to prevent the lpq command being called too often. A separate cache is
kept for each variation of the lpq command used by the system, so if you use
different lpq commands for different users then they won´t share cache
information.
The cache files are stored in /tmp/lpq.xxxx where xxxx is a hash of the lpq
command in use.
The default is 30 seconds, meaning that the cached results of a previous
identical lpq command will be used if the cached data is less than 30 seconds
old. A large value may be advisable if your lpq command is very slow.
A value of 0 will disable caching completely.
Default: lpq cache time = 30
Example: lpq cache time = 10
This parameter specifies the command to be
executed on the server host in order to obtain lpq-style printer status
information.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer name as its
only parameter and outputs printer status information.
Currently nine styles of printer status information are supported; BSD, AIX,
LPRNG, PLP, SYSV, HPUX, QNX, CUPS, and SOFTQ. This covers most UNIX systems.
You control which type is expected using the printing = option.
Some clients (notably Windows for Workgroups) may not correctly send the
connection number for the printer they are requesting status information
about. To get around this, the server reports on the first printer service
connected to by the client. This only happens if the connection number sent is
invalid.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. Otherwise it
is placed at the end of the command.
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the lpq
command as the $PATH may not be available to the server. When
compiled with the CUPS libraries, no lpq command is needed because smbd
will make a library call to obtain the print queue listing.
Default: lpq command =
Example: lpq command = /usr/bin/lpq -P%p
This parameter specifies the command to be
executed on the server host in order to restart or continue printing or
spooling a specific print job.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer name and job
number to resume the print job. See also the lppause command parameter.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. A %j
is replaced with the job number (an integer).
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the lpresume
command as the PATH may not be available to the server.
See also the printing parameter.
Default: Currently no default value is given to this string, unless the value of
the printing parameter is SYSV, in which case the default is:
lp -i %p-%j -H resume
or if the value of the printing parameter is SOFTQ, then the
default is:
qstat -s -j%j -r
No default
Example: lpresume command = /usr/bin/lpalt %p-%j
-p2
This parameter specifies the command to be
executed on the server host in order to delete a print job.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer name and job
number, and deletes the print job.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. A %j
is replaced with the job number (an integer).
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the lprm
command as the PATH may not be available to the server.
Examples of use are:
Default: lprm command = determined by printing
parameter
lprm command = /usr/bin/lprm -P%p %j or lprm command = /usr/bin/cancel %p-%j
If a Samba server is a member of a Windows NT
Domain (see the security = domain parameter) then periodically a
running smbd process will try and change the MACHINE ACCOUNT PASSWORD stored
in the TDB called private/secrets.tdb. This parameter specifies how often this
password will be changed, in seconds. The default is one week (expressed in
seconds), the same as a Windows NT Domain member server.
See also smbpasswd(8), and the security = domain parameter.
Default: machine password timeout = 604800
This parameter specifies the name of a file
which will contain output created by a magic script (see the magic
script parameter below).
Warning
If two clients use the same magic script in the same directory the
output file content is undefined.
Default: magic output = <magic script
name>.out
Example: magic output = myfile.txt
This parameter specifies the name of a file
which, if opened, will be executed by the server when the file is closed. This
allows a UNIX script to be sent to the Samba host and executed on behalf of
the connected user.
Scripts executed in this way will be deleted upon completion assuming that the
user has the appropriate level of privilege and the file permissions allow the
deletion.
If the script generates output, output will be sent to the file specified by the
magic output parameter (see above).
Note that some shells are unable to interpret scripts containing CR/LF instead
of CR as the end-of-line marker. Magic scripts must be executable as is
on the host, which for some hosts and some shells will require filtering at
the DOS end.
Magic scripts are EXPERIMENTAL and should NOT be relied upon.
Default: magic script =
Example: magic script = user.csh
This controls whether non-DOS names under UNIX
should be mapped to DOS-compatible names ("mangled") and made
visible, or whether non-DOS names should simply be ignored.
See the section on name mangling for details on how to control the
mangling process.
If mangling is used then the mangling method is as follows:
The two-digit hash value consists of upper case alphanumeric characters.
•The first (up to) five alphanumeric
characters before the rightmost dot of the filename are preserved, forced to
upper case, and appear as the first (up to) five characters of the mangled
name.
•A tilde "~" is appended to
the first part of the mangled name, followed by a two-character unique
sequence, based on the original root name (i.e., the original filename minus
its final extension). The final extension is included in the hash calculation
only if it contains any upper case characters or is longer than three
characters.
Note that the character to use may be specified using the mangling char
option, if you don´t like ´~´.
•Files whose UNIX name begins with a dot
will be presented as DOS hidden files. The mangled name will be created as for
other filenames, but with the leading dot removed and "___" as its
extension regardless of actual original extension (that´s three
underscores).
controls the number of prefix characters from
the original name used when generating the mangled names. A larger value will
give a weaker hash and therefore more name collisions. The minimum value is 1
and the maximum value is 6.
mangle prefix is effective only when mangling method is hash2.
Default: mangle prefix = 1
Example: mangle prefix = 4
This controls what character is used as the
magic character in name mangling. The default is a ´~´
but this may interfere with some software. Use this option to set it to
whatever you prefer. This is effective only when mangling method is hash.
Default: mangling char = ~
Example: mangling char = ^
controls the algorithm used for the generating
the mangled names. Can take two different values, "hash" and
"hash2". "hash" is the algorithm that was used used in
Samba for many years and was the default in Samba 2.2.x "hash2" is
now the default and is newer and considered a better algorithm (generates less
collisions) in the names. Many Win32 applications store the mangled names and
so changing to algorithms must not be done lightly as these applications may
break unless reinstalled.
Default: mangling method = hash2
Example: mangling method = hash
This boolean parameter controls whether
smbd(8) will attempt to map the ´inherit´ and
´protected´ access control entry flags stored in Windows ACLs into
an extended attribute called user.SAMBA_PAI. This parameter only takes effect
if Samba is being run on a platform that supports extended attributes (Linux
and IRIX so far) and allows the Windows 2000 ACL editor to correctly use
inheritance with the Samba POSIX ACL mapping code.
Default: map acl inherit = no
This controls whether the DOS archive
attribute should be mapped to the UNIX owner execute bit. The DOS archive bit
is set when a file has been modified since its last backup. One motivation for
this option is to keep Samba/your PC from making any file it touches from
becoming executable under UNIX. This can be quite annoying for shared source
code, documents, etc...
Note that this requires the create mask parameter to be set such that
owner execute bit is not masked out (i.e. it must include 100). See the
parameter create mask for details.
Default: map archive = yes
This controls whether DOS style hidden files
should be mapped to the UNIX world execute bit.
Note that this requires the create mask to be set such that the world
execute bit is not masked out (i.e. it must include 001). See the parameter
create mask for details.
No default
This controls how the DOS read only attribute
should be mapped from a UNIX filesystem.
This parameter can take three different values, which tell smbd(8) how to
display the read only attribute on files, where either store dos
attributes is set to No, or no extended attribute is present. If
store dos attributes is set to yes then this parameter is
ignored. This is a new parameter introduced in Samba version 3.0.21.
The three settings are :
Default: map readonly = yes
•
Yes - The read only DOS attribute is mapped to the inverse of the user or
owner write bit in the unix permission mode set. If the owner write bit is not
set, the read only attribute is reported as being set on the file. If the read
only DOS attribute is set, Samba sets the owner, group and others write bits
to zero. Write bits set in an ACL are ignored by Samba. If the read only DOS
attribute is unset, Samba simply sets the write bit of the owner to one.
•
Permissions - The read only DOS attribute is mapped to the effective
permissions of the connecting user, as evaluated by smbd(8) by reading
the unix permissions and POSIX ACL (if present). If the connecting user does
not have permission to modify the file, the read only attribute is reported as
being set on the file.
•
No - The read only DOS attribute is unaffected by permissions, and can
only be set by the store dos attributes method. This may be useful for
exporting mounted CDs.
This controls whether DOS style system files
should be mapped to the UNIX group execute bit.
Note that this requires the create mask to be set such that the group
execute bit is not masked out (i.e. it must include 010). See the parameter
create mask for details.
Default: map system = no
This parameter is only useful in SECURITY =
security modes other than security = share and security =
server - i.e. user, and domain.
This parameter can take four different values, which tell smbd(8) what to
do with user login requests that don´t match a valid UNIX user in some
way.
The four settings are :
Note that this parameter is needed to set up "Guest" share services
when using security modes other than share and server. This is because
in these modes the name of the resource being requested is not sent to
the server until after the server has successfully authenticated the client so
the server cannot make authentication decisions at the correct time
(connection to the share) for "Guest" shares. This parameter is not
useful with security = server as in this security mode no information
is returned about whether a user logon failed due to a bad username or bad
password, the same error is returned from a modern server in both cases.
•Never - Means user login
requests with an invalid password are rejected. This is the default.
•Bad User - Means user logins
with an invalid password are rejected, unless the username does not exist, in
which case it is treated as a guest login and mapped into the guest
account.
•Bad Password - Means user logins
with an invalid password are treated as a guest login and mapped into the
guest account. Note that this can cause problems as it means that any
user incorrectly typing their password will be silently logged on as
"guest" - and will not know the reason they cannot access files they
think they should - there will have been no message given to them that they
got their password wrong. Helpdesk services will hate you if you set
the map to guest parameter this way :-).
•Bad Uid - Is only applicable
when Samba is configured in some type of domain mode security (security =
{domain|ads}) and means that user logins which are successfully authenticated
but which have no valid Unix user account (and smbd is unable to create one)
should be mapped to the defined guest account. This was the default behavior
of Samba 2.x releases. Note that if a member server is running winbindd, this
option should never be required because the nss_winbind library will export
the Windows domain users and groups to the underlying OS via the Name Service
Switch interface.
If a client connects to smbd using an
untrusted domain name, such as BOGUS\user, smbd replaces the BOGUS domain with
it´s SAM name before attempting to authenticate that user. In the case
where smbd is acting as a PDC this will be DOMAIN\user. In the case where smbd
is acting as a domain member server or a standalone server this will be
WORKSTATION\user.
In previous versions of Samba (pre 3.4), if smbd was acting as a domain member
server, the BOGUS domain name would instead be replaced by the primary domain
which smbd was a member of. In this case authentication would be deferred off
to a DC using the credentials DOMAIN\user.
When this parameter is set to yes smbd provides the legacy behavior of
mapping untrusted domain names to the primary domain. When smbd is not acting
as a domain member server, this parameter has no effect.
Default: map untrusted to domain = no
This option allows the number of simultaneous
connections to a service to be limited. If max connections is greater
than 0 then connections will be refused if this number of connections to the
service are already open. A value of zero mean an unlimited number of
connections may be made.
Record lock files are used to implement this feature. The lock files will be
stored in the directory specified by the lock directory option.
Default: max connections = 0
Example: max connections = 10
This option allows you to put an upper limit
on the apparent size of disks. If you set this option to 100 then all shares
will appear to be not larger than 100 MB in size.
Note that this option does not limit the amount of data you can put on the disk.
In the above case you could still store much more than 100 MB on the disk, but
if a client ever asks for the amount of free disk space or the total disk size
then the result will be bounded by the amount specified in max disk
size.
This option is primarily useful to work around bugs in some pieces of software
that can´t handle very large disks, particularly disks over 1GB in size.
A max disk size of 0 means no limit.
Default: max disk size = 0
Example: max disk size = 1000
This option (an integer in kilobytes)
specifies the max size the log file should grow to. Samba periodically checks
the size and if it is exceeded it will rename the file, adding a .old
extension.
A size of 0 means no limit.
Default: max log size = 5000
Example: max log size = 1000
This option controls the maximum number of
outstanding simultaneous SMB operations that Samba tells the client it will
allow. You should never need to set this parameter.
Default: max mux = 50
This parameter limits the maximum number of
open files that one smbd(8) file serving process may have open for a
client at any one time. The This parameter can be set very high (16404) as
Samba uses only one bit per unopened file. Setting this parameter lower than
16404 will cause Samba to complain and set this value back to the minimum of
16404, as Windows 7 depends on this number of open file handles being
available.
The limit of the number of open files is usually set by the UNIX per-process
file descriptor limit rather than this parameter so you should never need to
touch this parameter.
Default: max open files = 16404
This parameter limits the maximum number of
jobs allowable in a Samba printer queue at any given moment. If this number is
exceeded, smbd(8) will remote "Out of Space" to the client.
Default: max print jobs = 1000
Example: max print jobs = 5000
This parameter is a synonym for max
protocol.
The value of the parameter (a string) is the
highest protocol level that will be supported by the server.
Possible values are :
Normally this option should not be set as the automatic negotiation phase in the
SMB protocol takes care of choosing the appropriate protocol.
•CORE: Earliest version. No
concept of user names.
•COREPLUS: Slight improvements on
CORE for efficiency.
•LANMAN1: First modern
version of the protocol. Long filename support.
•LANMAN2: Updates to Lanman1
protocol.
•NT1: Current up to date version
of the protocol. Used by Windows NT. Known as CIFS.
•SMB2: Re-implementation of the
SMB protocol. Used by Windows Vista and newer. The Samba implementation of
SMB2 is currently marked experimental!
This parameter limits the maximum number of
jobs displayed in a port monitor for Samba printer queue at any given moment.
If this number is exceeded, the excess jobs will not be shown. A value of zero
means there is no limit on the number of print jobs reported.
Default: max reported print jobs = 0
Example: max reported print jobs = 1000
This parameter limits the maximum number of
smbd(8) processes concurrently running on a system and is intended as a
stopgap to prevent degrading service to clients in the event that the server
has insufficient resources to handle more than this number of connections.
Remember that under normal operating conditions, each user will have an
smbd(8) associated with him or her to handle connections to all shares
from a given host.
Default: max smbd processes = 0
Example: max smbd processes = 1000
This parameter limits the size in memory of
any stat cache being used to speed up case insensitive name mappings.
It represents the number of kilobyte (1024) units the stat cache can use. A
value of zero, meaning unlimited, is not advisable due to increased memory
usage. You should not need to change this parameter.
Default: max stat cache size = 256
Example: max stat cache size = 100
This option tells nmbd(8) what the
default ´time to live´ of NetBIOS names should be (in seconds) when
nmbd is requesting a name using either a broadcast packet or from a WINS
server. You should never need to change this parameter. The default is 3 days.
Default: max ttl = 259200
This option tells smbd(8) when acting
as a WINS server ( wins support = yes) what the maximum ´time to
live´ of NetBIOS names that nmbd will grant will be (in seconds). You
should never need to change this parameter. The default is 6 days (518400
seconds).
Default: max wins ttl = 518400
This option controls the maximum packet size
that will be negotiated by Samba. The default is 16644, which matches the
behavior of Windows 2000. A value below 2048 is likely to cause problems. You
should never need to change this parameter from its default value.
Default: max xmit = 16644
Example: max xmit = 8192
This specifies what command to run when the
server receives a WinPopup style message.
This would normally be a command that would deliver the message somehow. How
this is to be done is up to your imagination.
An example is:
This delivers the message using xedit, then removes it afterwards. NOTE THAT
IT IS VERY IMPORTANT THAT THIS COMMAND RETURN IMMEDIATELY. That´s why
I have the ´&´ on the end. If it doesn´t return immediately
then your PCs may freeze when sending messages (they should recover after 30
seconds, hopefully).
All messages are delivered as the global guest user. The command takes the
standard substitutions, although %u won´t work ( %U may be
better in this case).
Apart from the standard substitutions, some additional ones apply. In
particular:
You could make this command send mail, or whatever else takes your fancy. Please
let us know of any really interesting ideas you have.
message command = csh -c ´xedit %s;rm %s´ &
•%s = the filename containing the
message.
•%t = the destination that the
message was sent to (probably the server name).
•%f = who the message is
from.
message command = /bin/mail -s ´message from %f on %m´ root < %s; rm %s
message command = rm %s
This sets the minimum amount of free disk
space that must be available before a user will be able to spool a print job.
It is specified in kilobytes. The default is 0, which means a user can always
spool a print job.
Default: min print space = 0
Example: min print space = 2000
The value of the parameter (a string) is the
lowest SMB protocol dialect than Samba will support. Please refer to the
max protocol parameter for a list of valid protocol names and a brief
description of each. You may also wish to refer to the C source code in
source/smbd/negprot.c for a listing of known protocol dialects supported by
clients.
If you are viewing this parameter as a security measure, you should also refer
to the lanman auth parameter. Otherwise, you should never need to
change this parameter.
Default: min protocol = CORE
Example: min protocol = NT1
This option changes the behavior of
smbd(8) when processing SMBwriteX calls. Any incoming SMBwriteX call on
a non-signed SMB/CIFS connection greater than this value will not be processed
in the normal way but will be passed to any underlying kernel recvfile or
splice system call (if there is no such call Samba will emulate in user
space). This allows zero-copy writes directly from network socket buffers into
the filesystem buffer cache, if available. It may improve performance but user
testing is recommended. If set to zero Samba processes SMBwriteX calls in the
normal way. To enable POSIX large write support (SMB/CIFS writes up to 16Mb)
this option must be nonzero. The maximum value is 128k. Values greater than
128k will be silently set to 128k.
Note this option will have NO EFFECT if set on a SMB signed connection.
The default is zero, which diables this option.
Default: min receivefile size = 0
This option tells nmbd(8) when acting
as a WINS server ( wins support = yes) what the minimum ´time to
live´ of NetBIOS names that nmbd will grant will be (in seconds). You
should never need to change this parameter. The default is 6 hours (21600
seconds).
Default: min wins ttl = 21600
This parameter indicates that the share is a
stand-in for another CIFS share whose location is specified by the value of
the parameter. When clients attempt to connect to this share, they are
redirected to the proxied share using the SMB-Dfs protocol.
Only Dfs roots can act as proxy shares. Take a look at the msdfs root and
host msdfs options to find out how to set up a Dfs root share.
No default
Example: msdfs proxy = \otherserver\someshare
If set to yes, Samba treats the share
as a Dfs root and allows clients to browse the distributed file system tree
rooted at the share directory. Dfs links are specified in the share directory
by symbolic links of the form msdfs:serverA\\shareA,serverB\\shareB and so on.
For more information on setting up a Dfs tree on Samba, refer to the MSDFS
chapter in the Samba3-HOWTO book.
Default: msdfs root = no
If compiled with proper support for it, Samba
will announce itself with multicast DNS services like for example provided by
the Avahi daemon.
This parameter allows disabling Samba to register itself.
Default: multicast dns register = yes
Specifies the number of seconds it takes
before entries in samba´s hostname resolve cache time out. If the timeout
is set to 0. the caching is disabled.
Default: name cache timeout = 660
Example: name cache timeout = 0
This option is used by the programs in the
Samba suite to determine what naming services to use and in what order to
resolve host names to IP addresses. Its main purpose to is to control how
netbios name resolution is performed. The option takes a space separated
string of name resolution options.
The options are: "lmhosts", "host", "wins" and
"bcast". They cause names to be resolved as follows:
The example below will cause the local lmhosts file to be examined first,
followed by a broadcast attempt, followed by a normal system hostname lookup.
•
lmhosts : Lookup an IP address in the Samba lmhosts file. If the line in
lmhosts has no name type attached to the NetBIOS name (see the manpage for
lmhosts for details) then any name type matches for lookup.
•
host : Do a standard host name to IP address resolution, using the system
/etc/hosts, NIS, or DNS lookups. This method of name resolution is operating
system depended for instance on IRIX or Solaris this may be controlled by the
/etc/nsswitch.conf file. Note that this method is used only if the NetBIOS
name type being queried is the 0x20 (server) name type or 0x1c (domain
controllers). The latter case is only useful for active directory domains and
results in a DNS query for the SRV RR entry matching _ldap._tcp.domain.
•wins : Query a name with the IP
address listed in the WINSSERVER parameter. If no WINS server has been
specified this method will be ignored.
•bcast : Do a broadcast on each
of the known local interfaces listed in the interfaces parameter. This
is the least reliable of the name resolution methods as it depends on the
target host being on a locally connected subnet.
This directory will hold a series of named
pipes to allow RPC over inter-process communication.
. This will allow Samba and other unix processes to interact over DCE/RPC
without using TCP/IP. Additionally a sub-directory ´np´ has
restricted permissions, and allows a trusted communication channel between
Samba processes
Default: ncalrpc dir = ${prefix}/var/ncalrpc
Example: ncalrpc dir = /var/run/samba/ncalrpc
This is a list of NetBIOS names that nmbd will
advertise as additional names by which the Samba server is known. This allows
one machine to appear in browse lists under multiple names. If a machine is
acting as a browse server or logon server none of these names will be
advertised as either browse server or logon servers, only the primary name of
the machine will be advertised with these capabilities.
Default: netbios aliases = # empty string (no
additional names)
Example: netbios aliases = TEST TEST1 TEST2
This sets the NetBIOS name by which a Samba
server is known. By default it is the same as the first component of the
host´s DNS name. If a machine is a browse server or logon server this
name (or the first component of the hosts DNS name) will be the name that
these services are advertised under.
There is a bug in Samba-3 that breaks operation of browsing and access to shares
if the netbios name is set to the literal name PIPE. To avoid this problem, do
not name your Samba-3 server PIPE.
Default: netbios name = # machine DNS name
Example: netbios name = MYNAME
This sets the NetBIOS scope that Samba will
operate under. This should not be set unless every machine on your LAN also
sets this value.
Default: netbios scope =
Get the home share server from a NIS map. For
UNIX systems that use an automounter, the user´s home directory will
often be mounted on a workstation on demand from a remote server.
When the Samba logon server is not the actual home directory server, but is
mounting the home directories via NFS then two network hops would be required
to access the users home directory if the logon server told the client to use
itself as the SMB server for home directories (one over SMB and one over NFS).
This can be very slow.
This option allows Samba to return the home share as being on a different server
to the logon server and as long as a Samba daemon is running on the home
directory server, it will be mounted on the Samba client directly from the
directory server. When Samba is returning the home share to the client, it
will consult the NIS map specified in homedir map and return the server
listed there.
Note that for this option to work there must be a working NIS system and the
Samba server with this option must also be a logon server.
Default: nis homedir = no
This option causes nmbd(8) to
explicitly bind to the broadcast address of the local subnets. This is needed
to make nmbd work correctly in combination with the socket address
option. You should not need to unset this option.
Default: nmbd bind explicit broadcast = yes
This boolean parameter controls whether
smbd(8) will attempt to map UNIX permissions into Windows NT access
control lists. The UNIX permissions considered are the the traditional UNIX
owner and group permissions, as well as POSIX ACLs set on any files or
directories. This parameter was formally a global parameter in releases prior
to 2.2.2.
Default: nt acl support = yes
This parameter determines whether or not
smbd(8) will attempt to authenticate users using the NTLM encrypted
password response. If disabled, either the lanman password hash or an NTLMv2
response will need to be sent by the client.
If this option, and lanman auth are both disabled, then only NTLMv2 logins will
be permited. Not all clients support NTLMv2, and most will require special
configuration to use it.
Default: ntlm auth = yes
This boolean parameter controls whether
smbd(8) will allow Windows NT clients to connect to the NT SMB specific
IPC$ pipes. This is a developer debugging option and can be left alone.
Default: nt pipe support = yes
This boolean parameter controls whether
smbd(8) will negotiate NT specific status support with Windows NT/2k/XP
clients. This is a developer debugging option and should be left alone. If
this option is set to no then Samba offers exactly the same DOS error
codes that versions prior to Samba 2.2.3 reported.
You should not need to ever disable this parameter.
Default: nt status support = yes
Allow or disallow client access to accounts
that have null passwords.
See also smbpasswd(5).
Default: null passwords = no
When Samba 3.0 is configured to enable PAM
support (i.e. --with-pam), this parameter will control whether or not Samba
should obey PAM´s account and session management directives. The default
behavior is to use PAM for clear text authentication only and to ignore any
account or session management. Note that Samba always ignores PAM for
authentication in the case of encrypt passwords = yes. The reason is
that PAM modules cannot support the challenge/response authentication
mechanism needed in the presence of SMB password encryption.
Default: obey pam restrictions = no
This is a boolean option that controls whether
connections with usernames not in the user list will be allowed. By
default this option is disabled so that a client can supply a username to be
used by the server. Enabling this parameter will force the server to only use
the login names from the user list and is only really useful in
security = share level security.
Note that this also means Samba won´t try to deduce usernames from the
service name. This can be annoying for the [homes] section. To get around this
you could use user = %S which means your user list will be just the
service name, which for home directories is the name of the user.
Default: only user = no
This is a tuning parameter added due to bugs
in both Windows 9x and WinNT. If Samba responds to a client too quickly when
that client issues an SMB that can cause an oplock break request, then the
network client can fail and not respond to the break request. This tuning
parameter (which is set in milliseconds) is the amount of time Samba will wait
before sending an oplock break request to such (broken) clients.
Warning
DO NOT CHANGE THIS PARAMETER UNLESS YOU HAVE READ AND UNDERSTOOD THE SAMBA
OPLOCK CODE.
Default: oplock break wait time = 0
This is a very advanced smbd(8)
tuning option to improve the efficiency of the granting of oplocks under
multiple client contention for the same file.
In brief it specifies a number, which causes smbd(8)not to grant an
oplock even when requested if the approximate number of clients contending for
an oplock on the same file goes over this limit. This causes smbd to behave in
a similar way to Windows NT.
Warning
DO NOT CHANGE THIS PARAMETER UNLESS YOU HAVE READ AND UNDERSTOOD THE SAMBA
OPLOCK CODE.
Default: oplock contention limit = 2
This boolean option tells smbd whether to
issue oplocks (opportunistic locks) to file open requests on this share. The
oplock code can dramatically (approx. 30% or more) improve the speed of access
to files on Samba servers. It allows the clients to aggressively cache files
locally and you may want to disable this option for unreliable network
environments (it is turned on by default in Windows NT Servers).
Oplocks may be selectively turned off on certain files with a share. See the
veto oplock files parameter. On some systems oplocks are recognized by
the underlying operating system. This allows data synchronization between all
access to oplocked files, whether it be via Samba or NFS or a local UNIX
process. See the kernel oplocks parameter for details.
Default: oplocks = yes
The parameter is used to define the absolute
path to a file containing a mapping of Windows NT printer driver names to OS/2
printer driver names. The format is:
<nt driver name> = <os2 driver name>.<device name>
For example, a valid entry using the HP LaserJet 5 printer driver would appear
as HP LaserJet 5L = LASERJET.HP LaserJet 5L.
The need for the file is due to the printer driver namespace problem described
in the chapter on Classical Printing in the Samba3-HOWTO book. For more
details on OS/2 clients, please refer to chapter on other clients in the
Samba3-HOWTO book.
Default: os2 driver map =
This integer value controls what level Samba
advertises itself as for browse elections. The value of this parameter
determines whether nmbd(8) has a chance of becoming a local master
browser for the workgroup in the local broadcast area.
Note: By default, Samba will win a local master browsing election over
all Microsoft operating systems except a Windows NT 4.0/2000 Domain
Controller. This means that a misconfigured Samba host can effectively isolate
a subnet for browsing purposes. This parameter is largely auto-configured in
the Samba-3 release series and it is seldom necessary to manually override the
default setting. Please refer to the chapter on Network Browsing in the
Samba-3 HOWTO document for further information regarding the use of this
parameter. Note: The maximum value for this parameter is 255. If you
use higher values, counting will start at 0!
Default: os level = 20
Example: os level = 65
With the addition of better PAM support in
Samba 2.2, this parameter, it is possible to use PAM´s password change
control flag for Samba. If enabled, then PAM will be used for password changes
when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in passwd
program. It should be possible to enable this without changing your
passwd chat parameter for most setups.
Default: pam password change = no
This is a Samba developer option that allows a
system command to be called when either smbd(8) or nmbd(8)
crashes. This is usually used to draw attention to the fact that a problem
occurred.
Default: panic action =
Example: panic action = "/bin/sleep
90000"
Some version of NT 4.x allow non-guest users
with a bad passowrd. When this option is enabled, samba will not use a broken
NT 4.x server as password server, but instead complain to the logs and exit.
Disabling this option prevents Samba from making this check, which involves
deliberatly attempting a bad logon to the remote server.
Default: paranoid server security = yes
This option allows the administrator to chose
which backend will be used for storing user and possibly group information.
This allows you to swap between different storage mechanisms without
recompile.
The parameter value is divided into two parts, the backend´s name, and a
´location´ string that has meaning only to that particular backed.
These are separated by a : character.
Available backends can include:
•smbpasswd - The old plaintext passdb
backend. Some Samba features will not work if this passdb backend is used.
Takes a path to the smbpasswd file as an optional argument.
•tdbsam - The TDB based password storage
backend. Takes a path to the TDB as an optional argument (defaults to
passdb.tdb in the state directory directory.
•ldapsam - The LDAP based passdb
backend. Takes an LDAP URL as an optional argument (defaults to
ldap://localhost)
LDAP connections should be secured where possible. This may be done using either
Start-TLS (see ldap ssl) or by specifying ldaps:// in the URL
argument.
Multiple servers may also be specified in double-quotes. Whether multiple
servers are supported or not and the exact syntax depends on the LDAP library
you use.
passdb backend = tdbsam:/etc/samba/private/passdb.tdb or multi server LDAP URL with OpenLDAP library: passdb backend = ldapsam:"ldap://ldap-1.example.com ldap://ldap-2.example.com" or multi server LDAP URL with Netscape based LDAP library: passdb backend = ldapsam:"ldap://ldap-1.example.com ldap-2.example.com"
This parameter controls whether Samba
substitutes %-macros in the passdb fields if they are explicitly set. We used
to expand macros here, but this turned out to be a bug because the Windows
client can expand a variable %G_osver% in which %G would have been substituted
by the user´s primary group.
Default: passdb expand explicit = no
This boolean specifies if the passwd chat
script parameter is run in debug mode. In this mode the strings passed
to and received from the passwd chat are printed in the smbd(8) log
with a debug level of 100. This is a dangerous option as it will allow
plaintext passwords to be seen in the smbd log. It is available to help Samba
admins debug their passwd chat scripts when calling the passwd
program and should be turned off after this has been done. This option has
no effect if the pam password change parameter is set. This parameter
is off by default.
Default: passwd chat debug = no
This integer specifies the number of seconds
smbd will wait for an initial answer from a passwd chat script being run. Once
the initial answer is received the subsequent answers must be received in one
tenth of this time. The default it two seconds.
Default: passwd chat timeout = 2
This string controls the
"chat" conversation that takes places between smbd(8)
and the local password changing program to change the user´s password.
The string describes a sequence of response-receive pairs that smbd(8)
uses to determine what to send to the passwd program and what to expect
back. If the expected output is not received then the password is not changed.
This chat sequence is often quite site specific, depending on what local methods
are used for password control (such as NIS etc).
Note that this parameter only is used if the unix password sync parameter
is set to yes. This sequence is then called AS ROOT when the SMB
password in the smbpasswd file is being changed, without access to the old
password cleartext. This means that root must be able to reset the user´s
password without knowing the text of the previous password. In the presence of
NIS/YP, this means that the passwd program must be executed on the NIS
master.
The string can contain the macro %n which is substituted for the new
password. The old passsword ( %o) is only available when encrypt
passwords has been disabled. The chat sequence can also contain the
standard macros \n, \r, \t and \s to give line-feed, carriage-return, tab and
space. The chat sequence string can also contain a ´*´ which matches
any sequence of characters. Double quotes can be used to collect strings with
spaces in them into a single string.
If the send string in any part of the chat sequence is a full stop
".", then no string is sent. Similarly, if the expect string is a
full stop then no string is expected.
If the pam password change parameter is set to yes, the chat pairs
may be matched in any order, and success is determined by the PAM result, not
any particular output. The \n macro is ignored for PAM conversions.
Default: passwd chat = *new*password* %n\n*new*password*
%n\n *changed*
Example: passwd chat = "*Enter NEW password*"
%n\n "*Reenter NEW password*" %n\n "*Password
changed*"
The name of a program that can be used to set
UNIX user passwords. Any occurrences of %u will be replaced with the
user name. The user name is checked for existence before calling the password
changing program.
Also note that many passwd programs insist in reasonable passwords, such
as a minimum length, or the inclusion of mixed case chars and digits. This can
pose a problem as some clients (such as Windows for Workgroups) uppercase the
password before sending it.
Note that if the unix password sync parameter is set to yes
then this program is called AS ROOT before the SMB password in the
smbpasswd file is changed. If this UNIX password change fails, then smbd will
fail to change the SMB password also (this is by design).
If the unix password sync parameter is set this parameter MUST USE
ABSOLUTE PATHS for ALL programs called, and must be examined for
security implications. Note that by default unix password sync is set
to no.
Default: passwd program =
Example: passwd program = /bin/passwd %u
Some client/server combinations have
difficulty with mixed-case passwords. One offending client is Windows for
Workgroups, which for some reason forces passwords to upper case when using
the LANMAN1 protocol, but leaves them alone when using COREPLUS! Another
problem child is the Windows 95/98 family of operating systems. These clients
upper case clear text passwords even when NT LM 0.12 selected by the protocol
negotiation request/response.
This deprecated parameter defines the maximum number of characters that may be
upper case in passwords.
For example, say the password given was "FRED". If password
level is set to 1, the following combinations would be tried if
"FRED" failed:
"Fred", "fred", "fRed",
"frEd","freD"
If password level was set to 2, the following combinations would also be
tried:
"FRed", "FrEd", "FreD", "fREd",
"fReD", "frED", ..
And so on.
The higher value this parameter is set to the more likely it is that a mixed
case password will be matched against a single case password. However, you
should be aware that use of this parameter reduces security and increases the
time taken to process a new connection.
A value of zero will cause only two attempts to be made - the password as is and
the password in all-lower case.
This parameter is used only when using plain-text passwords. It is not at all
used when encrypted passwords as in use (that is the default since
samba-3.0.0). Use this only when encrypt passwords = No.
Default: password level = 0
Example: password level = 4
By specifying the name of another SMB server
or Active Directory domain controller with this option, and using security =
[ads|domain|server] it is possible to get Samba to do all its
username/password validation using a specific remote server.
If the security parameter is set to domain or ads, then
this option should not be used, as the default ´*´ indicates
to Samba to determine the best DC to contact dynamically, just as all other
hosts in an AD domain do. This allows the domain to be maintained without
modification to the smb.conf file. The cryptograpic protection on the
authenticated RPC calls used to verify passwords ensures that this default is
safe.
It is strongly recommended that you use the default of ´*´,
however if in your particular environment you have reason to specify a
particular DC list, then the list of machines in this option must be a list of
names or IP addresses of Domain controllers for the Domain. If you use the
default of ´*´, or list several hosts in the password server
option then smbd will try each in turn till it finds one that responds. This
is useful in case your primary server goes down.
If the list of servers contains both names/IP´s and the ´*´
character, the list is treated as a list of preferred domain controllers, but
an auto lookup of all remaining DC´s will be added to the list as well.
Samba will not attempt to optimize this list by locating the closest DC.
If parameter is a name, it is looked up using the parameter name resolve
order and so may resolved by any method and order described in that
parameter.
If the security parameter is set to server, these additional
restrictions apply:
Default: password server = *
•You may list several password servers
in the password server parameter, however if an smbd makes a connection
to a password server, and then the password server fails, no more users will
be able to be authenticated from this smbd. This is a restriction of the
SMB/CIFS protocol when in security = server mode and cannot be fixed in
Samba.
•You will have to ensure that your users
are able to login from the Samba server, as when in security = server mode the
network logon will appear to come from the Samba server rather than from the
users workstation.
•The client must not select NTLMv2
authentication.
•The password server must be a machine
capable of using the "LM1.2X002" or the "NT LM 0.12"
protocol, and it must be in user level security mode.
•Using a password server means your UNIX
box (running Samba) is only as secure as (a host masqurading as) your password
server. DO NOT CHOOSE A PASSWORD SERVER THAT YOU DON´T COMPLETELY
TRUST.
•Never point a Samba server at itself
for password serving. This will cause a loop and could lock up your Samba
server!
•The name of the password server takes
the standard substitutions, but probably the only useful one is %m ,
which means the Samba server will use the incoming client as the password
server. If you use this then you better trust your clients, and you had better
restrict them with hosts allow!
This parameter is a synonym for path.
This parameter specifies a directory to which
the user of the service is to be given access. In the case of printable
services, this is where print data will spool prior to being submitted to the
host for printing.
For a printable service offering guest access, the service should be readonly
and the path should be world-writeable and have the sticky bit set. This is
not mandatory of course, but you probably won´t get the results you
expect if you do otherwise.
Any occurrences of %u in the path will be replaced with the UNIX username
that the client is using on this connection. Any occurrences of %m will
be replaced by the NetBIOS name of the machine they are connecting from. These
replacements are very useful for setting up pseudo home directories for users.
Note that this path will be based on root dir if one was specified.
Default: path =
Example: path = /home/fred
This parameter specifies the perfcount backend
to be used when monitoring SMB operations. Only one perfcount module may be
used, and it must implement all of the apis contained in the
smb_perfcount_handler structure defined in smb.h.
No default
This option specifies the directory where pid
files will be placed.
Default: pid directory = ${prefix}/var/locks
Example: pid directory = pid directory =
/var/run/
The smbd(8) daemon maintains an
database of file locks obtained by SMB clients. The default behavior is to map
this internal database to POSIX locks. This means that file locks obtained by
SMB clients are consistent with those seen by POSIX compliant applications
accessing the files via a non-SMB method (e.g. NFS or local file access). It
is very unlikely that you need to set this parameter to "no", unless
you are sharing from an NFS mount, which is not a good idea in the first
place.
Default: posix locking = yes
This option specifies a command to be run
whenever the service is disconnected. It takes the usual substitutions. The
command may be run as the root on some systems.
An interesting example may be to unmount server resources:
postexec = /etc/umount /cdrom
Default: postexec =
Example: postexec = echo \"%u disconnected from %S
from %m (%I)\" >> /tmp/log
This boolean option controls whether a
non-zero return code from preexec should close the service being
connected to.
Default: preexec close = no
This parameter is a synonym for preexec.
This option specifies a command to be run
whenever the service is connected to. It takes the usual substitutions.
An interesting example is to send the users a welcome message every time they
log in. Maybe a message of the day? Here is an example:
preexec = csh -c ´echo \"Welcome to %S!\" |
/usr/local/samba/bin/smbclient -M %m -I %I´ &
Of course, this could get annoying after a while :-)
See also preexec close and postexec.
Default: preexec =
Example: preexec = echo \"%u connected to %S from
%m (%I)\" >> /tmp/log
This parameter is a synonym for preferred
master.
This boolean parameter controls if
nmbd(8) is a preferred master browser for its workgroup.
If this is set to yes, on startup, nmbd will force an election, and it
will have a slight advantage in winning the election. It is recommended that
this parameter is used in conjunction with domain master = yes, so that
nmbd can guarantee becoming a domain master.
Use this option with caution, because if there are several hosts (whether Samba
servers, Windows 95 or NT) that are preferred master browsers on the same
subnet, they will each periodically and continuously attempt to become the
local master browser. This will result in unnecessary broadcast traffic and
reduced browsing capabilities.
Default: preferred master = auto
This is a list of paths to modules that should
be loaded into smbd before a client connects. This improves the speed of smbd
when reacting to new connections somewhat.
Default: preload modules =
Example: preload modules =
/usr/lib/samba/passdb/mysql.so
This parameter is a synonym for preload.
This is a list of services that you want to be
automatically added to the browse lists. This is most useful for homes and
printers services that would otherwise not be visible.
Note that if you just want all printers in your printcap file loaded then the
load printers option is easier.
Default: preload =
Example: preload = fred lp colorlp
This controls if new filenames are created
with the case that the client passes, or if they are forced to be the
default case.
See the section on NAME MANGLING for a fuller discussion.
Default: preserve case = yes
This parameter is a synonym for
printable.
If this parameter is yes, then clients
may open, write to and submit spool files on the directory specified for the
service.
Note that a printable service will ALWAYS allow writing to the service path
(user privileges permitting) via the spooling of print data. The read
only parameter controls only non-printing access to the resource.
Default: printable = no
This option specifies the number of seconds
before the printing subsystem is again asked for the known printers.
Setting this parameter to 0 disables any rescanning for new or removed printers
after the initial startup.
Default: printcap cache time = 750
Example: printcap cache time = 600
This parameter is a synonym for printcap
name.
This parameter may be used to override the
compiled-in default printcap name used by the server (usually /etc/printcap).
See the discussion of the [printers] section above for reasons why you might
want to do this.
To use the CUPS printing interface set printcap name = cups. This should be
supplemented by an addtional setting printing = cups in the [global]
section. printcap name = cups will use the "dummy" printcap created
by CUPS, as specified in your CUPS configuration file.
On System V systems that use lpstat to list available printers you can use
printcap name = lpstat to automatically obtain lists of available printers.
This is the default for systems that define SYSV at configure time in Samba
(this includes most System V based systems). If printcap name is set
to lpstat on these systems then Samba will launch lpstat -v and attempt to
parse the output to obtain a printer list.
A minimal printcap file would look something like this:
where the ´|´ separates aliases of a printer. The fact that the second
alias has a space in it gives a hint to Samba that it´s a comment.
Note
Under AIX the default printcap name is /etc/qconfig. Samba will assume the file
is in AIX qconfig format if the string qconfig appears in the printcap
filename.
Default: printcap name = /etc/printcap
Example: printcap name = /etc/myprintcap
print1|My Printer 1 print2|My Printer 2 print3|My Printer 3 print4|My Printer 4 print5|My Printer 5
After a print job has finished spooling to a
service, this command will be used via a system() call to process the spool
file. Typically the command specified will submit the spool file to the
host´s printing subsystem, but there is no requirement that this be the
case. The server will not remove the spool file, so whatever command you
specify should remove the spool file when it has been processed, otherwise you
will need to manually remove old spool files.
The print command is simply a text string. It will be used verbatim after macro
substitutions have been made:
%s, %f - the path to the spool file name
%p - the appropriate printer name
%J - the job name as transmitted by the client.
%c - The number of printed pages of the spooled job (if known).
%z - the size of the spooled print job (in bytes)
The print command MUST contain at least one occurrence of %s or
%f - the %p is optional. At the time a job is submitted, if no
printer name is supplied the %p will be silently removed from the
printer command.
If specified in the [global] section, the print command given will be used for
any printable service that does not have its own print command specified.
If there is neither a specified print command for a printable service nor a
global print command, spool files will be created but not processed and (most
importantly) not removed.
Note that printing may fail on some UNIXes from the nobody account. If
this happens then create an alternative guest account that can print and set
the guest account in the [global] section.
You can form quite complex print commands by realizing that they are just passed
to a shell. For example the following will log a print job, print the file,
then remove it. Note that ´;´ is the usual separator for command in
shell scripts.
print command = echo Printing %s >> /tmp/print.log; lpr -P %p %s; rm %s
You may have to vary this command considerably depending on how you normally
print files on your system. The default for the parameter varies depending on
the setting of the printing parameter.
Default: For printing = BSD, AIX, QNX, LPRNG or PLP :
print command = lpr -r -P%p %s
For printing = SYSV or HPUX :
print command = lp -c -d%p %s; rm %s
For printing = SOFTQ :
print command = lp -d%p -s %s; rm %s
For printing = CUPS : If SAMBA is compiled against libcups, then printcap =
cups uses the CUPS API to submit jobs, etc. Otherwise it maps to the
System V commands with the -oraw option for printing, i.e. it uses lp -c -d%p
-oraw; rm %s. With printing = cups, and if SAMBA is compiled against libcups,
any manually set print command will be ignored.
No default
Example: print command =
/usr/local/samba/bin/myprintscript %p %s
This lists users who can do anything to
printers via the remote administration interfaces offered by MS-RPC (usually
using a NT workstation). This parameter can be set per-share or globally.
Note: The root user always has admin rights. Use caution with use in the
global stanza as this can cause side effects.
This parameter has been marked deprecated in favor of using the
SePrintOperatorPrivilege and individual print security descriptors. It will be
removed in a future release.
Default: printer admin =
Example: printer admin = admin, @staff
This parameter is a synonym for printer
name.
This parameter specifies the name of the
printer to which print jobs spooled through a printable service will be sent.
If specified in the [global] section, the printer name given will be used for
any printable service that does not have its own printer name specified.
The default value of the printer name may be lp on many systems.
Default: printer name = none
Example: printer name = laserwriter
This parameters controls how printer status
information is interpreted on your system. It also affects the default values
for the print command, lpq command, lppause command ,
lpresume command, and lprm command if specified in the [global]
section.
Currently nine printing styles are supported. They are BSD, AIX,
LPRNG, PLP, SYSV, HPUX, QNX, SOFTQ,
and CUPS.
To see what the defaults are for the other print commands when using the various
options use the testparm(1) program.
This option can be set on a per printer basis. Please be aware however, that you
must place any of the various printing commands (e.g. print command, lpq
command, etc...) after defining the value for the printing option since
it will reset the printing commands to default values.
See also the discussion in the [printers] section.
Default: printing = Depends on the operating system, see
testparm -v.
This parameter specifies which user
information will be passed to the printing system. Usually, the username is
sent, but in some cases, e.g. the domain prefix is useful, too.
Default: printjob username = %U
Example: printjob username = %D\%U
Windows print clients can update print queue
status by expecting the server to open a backchannel SMB connection to them.
Due to client firewall settings this can cause considerable timeouts and will
often fail, as there is no guarantee the client is even running an SMB server.
By setting this parameter to no the Samba print server will not try to
connect back to clients and treat corresponding requests as if the connection
back to the client failed. The default setting of yes causes smbd to
attempt this connection.
Default: print notify backchannel = yes
This parameters defines the directory smbd
will use for storing such files as smbpasswd. secrets.tdb is stored in state
directory on Debian systems.
Default: private dir = ${prefix}/private
This boolean parameter was added to fix the
problems that people have been having with storing user profiles on Samba
shares from Windows 2000 or Windows XP clients. New versions of Windows 2000
or Windows XP service packs do security ACL checking on the owner and ability
to write of the profile directory stored on a local workstation when copied
from a Samba share.
When not in domain mode with winbindd then the security info copied onto the
local workstation has no meaning to the logged in user (SID) on that
workstation so the profile storing fails. Adding this parameter onto a share
used for profile storage changes two things about the returned Windows ACL.
Firstly it changes the owner and group owner of all reported files and
directories to be BUILTIN\\Administrators, BUILTIN\\Users respectively (SIDs
S-1-5-32-544, S-1-5-32-545). Secondly it adds an ACE entry of "Full
Control" to the SID BUILTIN\\Users to every returned ACL. This will allow
any Windows 2000 or XP workstation user to access the profile.
Note that if you have multiple users logging on to a workstation then in order
to prevent them from being able to access each others profiles you must remove
the "Bypass traverse checking" advanced user right. This will
prevent access to other users profile directories as the top level profile
directory (named after the user) is created by the workstation profile code
and has an ACL restricting entry to the directory tree to the owning user.
Note that this parameter should be set to yes on dedicated profile shares only.
On other shares, it might cause incorrect file ownerships.
Default: profile acls = no
This parameter specifies the command to be
executed on the server host in order to pause the printer queue.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer name as its
only parameter and stops the printer queue, such that no longer jobs are
submitted to the printer.
This command is not supported by Windows for Workgroups, but can be issued from
the Printers window under Windows 95 and NT.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. Otherwise it
is placed at the end of the command.
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the command as the
PATH may not be available to the server.
No default
Example: queuepause command = disable %p
This parameter specifies the command to be
executed on the server host in order to resume the printer queue. It is the
command to undo the behavior that is caused by the previous parameter (
queuepause command).
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer name as its
only parameter and resumes the printer queue, such that queued jobs are
resubmitted to the printer.
This command is not supported by Windows for Workgroups, but can be issued from
the Printers window under Windows 95 and NT.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. Otherwise it
is placed at the end of the command.
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the command as the
PATH may not be available to the server.
Default: queueresume command =
Example: queueresume command = enable %p
This is a list of users that are given
read-only access to a service. If the connecting user is in this list then
they will not be given write access, no matter what the read only
option is set to. The list can include group names using the syntax described
in the invalid users parameter.
This parameter will not work with the security = share in Samba 3.0. This
is by design.
Default: read list =
Example: read list = mary, @students
An inverted synonym is writeable.
If this parameter is yes, then users of a service may not create or
modify files in the service´s directory.
Note that a printable service (printable = yes) will ALWAYS allow writing
to the directory (user privileges permitting), but only via spooling
operations.
Default: read only = yes
This parameter controls whether or not the
server will support the raw read SMB requests when transferring data to
clients.
If enabled, raw reads allow reads of 65535 bytes in one packet. This typically
provides a major performance benefit.
However, some clients either negotiate the allowable block size incorrectly or
are incapable of supporting larger block sizes, and for these clients you may
need to disable raw reads.
In general this parameter should be viewed as a system tuning tool and left
severely alone.
Default: read raw = yes
This option specifies the kerberos realm to
use. The realm is used as the ADS equivalent of the NT4 domain. It is usually
set to the DNS name of the kerberos server.
Default: realm =
Example: realm = mysambabox.mycompany.com
This turns on or off support for share
definitions read from registry. Shares defined in smb.conf take
precedence over shares with the same name defined in registry. See the section
on registry-based configuration for details.
Note that this parameter defaults to no, but it is set to yes when
config backend is set to registry.
Default: registry shares = no
Example: registry shares = yes
This option allows you to setup nmbd(8)
to periodically announce itself to arbitrary IP addresses with an arbitrary
workgroup name.
This is useful if you want your Samba server to appear in a remote workgroup for
which the normal browse propagation rules don´t work. The remote
workgroup can be anywhere that you can send IP packets to.
For example:
the above line would cause nmbd to announce itself to the two given IP addresses
using the given workgroup names. If you leave out the workgroup name, then the
one given in the workgroup parameter is used instead.
The IP addresses you choose would normally be the broadcast addresses of the
remote networks, but can also be the IP addresses of known browse masters if
your network config is that stable.
See the chapter on Network Browsing in the Samba-HOWTO book.
Default: remote announce =
remote announce = 192.168.2.255/SERVERS 192.168.4.255/STAFF
This option allows you to setup nmbd(8)
to periodically request synchronization of browse lists with the master
browser of a Samba server that is on a remote segment. This option will allow
you to gain browse lists for multiple workgroups across routed networks. This
is done in a manner that does not work with any non-Samba servers.
This is useful if you want your Samba server and all local clients to appear in
a remote workgroup for which the normal browse propagation rules don´t
work. The remote workgroup can be anywhere that you can send IP packets to.
For example:
the above line would cause nmbd to request the master browser on the specified
subnets or addresses to synchronize their browse lists with the local server.
The IP addresses you choose would normally be the broadcast addresses of the
remote networks, but can also be the IP addresses of known browse masters if
your network config is that stable. If a machine IP address is given Samba
makes NO attempt to validate that the remote machine is available, is
listening, nor that it is in fact the browse master on its segment.
The remote browse sync may be used on networks where there is no WINS
server, and may be used on disjoint networks where each network has its own
WINS server.
Default: remote browse sync =
remote browse sync = 192.168.2.255 192.168.4.255
This is the full pathname to a script that
will be run as root by smbd(8) under special circumstances described
below.
When a user with admin authority or SeAddUserPrivilege rights renames a user
(e.g.: from the NT4 User Manager for Domains), this script will be run to
rename the POSIX user. Two variables, %uold and %unew, will be substituted
with the old and new usernames, respectively. The script should return 0 upon
successful completion, and nonzero otherwise.
Note
The script has all responsibility to rename all the necessary data that is
accessible in this posix method. This can mean different requirements for
different backends. The tdbsam and smbpasswd backends will take care of the
contents of their respective files, so the script is responsible only for
changing the POSIX username, and other data that may required for your
circumstances, such as home directory. Please also consider whether or not you
need to rename the actual home directories themselves. The ldapsam backend
will not make any changes, because of the potential issues with renaming the
LDAP naming attribute. In this case the script is responsible for changing the
attribute that samba uses (uid) for locating users, as well as any data that
needs to change for other applications using the same directory.
Default: rename user script = no
This boolean option controls whether an
incoming session setup should kill other connections coming from the same IP.
This matches the default Windows 2003 behaviour. Setting this parameter to yes
becomes necessary when you have a flaky network and windows decides to
reconnect while the old connection still has files with share modes open.
These files become inaccessible over the new connection. The client sends a
zero VC on the new connection, and Windows 2003 kills all other connections
coming from the same IP. This way the locked files are accessible again.
Please be aware that enabling this option will kill connections behind a
masquerading router.
Default: reset on zero vc = no
The setting of this parameter determines
whether user and group list information is returned for an anonymous
connection. and mirrors the effects of the
registry key in Windows 2000 and Windows NT. When set to 0, user and group list
information is returned to anyone who asks. When set to 1, only an
authenticated user can retrive user and group list information. For the value
2, supported by Windows 2000/XP and Samba, no anonymous connections are
allowed at all. This can break third party and Microsoft applications which
expect to be allowed to perform operations anonymously.
The security advantage of using restrict anonymous = 1 is dubious, as user and
group list information can be obtained using other means.
Note
The security advantage of using restrict anonymous = 2 is removed by setting
guest ok = yes on any share.
Default: restrict anonymous = 0
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\ Control\LSA\RestrictAnonymous
This parameter is a synonym for root
directory.
This parameter is a synonym for root
directory.
The server will chroot() (i.e. Change its root
directory) to this directory on startup. This is not strictly necessary for
secure operation. Even without it the server will deny access to files not in
one of the service entries. It may also check for, and deny access to, soft
links to other parts of the filesystem, or attempts to use ".." in
file names to access other directories (depending on the setting of the
wide smbconfoptions parameter).
Adding a root directory entry other than "/" adds an extra
level of security, but at a price. It absolutely ensures that no access is
given to files not in the sub-tree specified in the root directory
option, including some files needed for complete operation of the
server. To maintain full operability of the server you will need to mirror
some system files into the root directory tree. In particular you will
need to mirror /etc/passwd (or a subset of it), and any binaries or
configuration files needed for printing (if required). The set of files that
must be mirrored is operating system dependent.
Default: root directory = /
Example: root directory = /homes/smb
This is the same as the postexec
parameter except that the command is run as root. This is useful for
unmounting filesystems (such as CDROMs) after a connection is closed.
Default: root postexec =
This is the same as the preexec close
parameter except that the command is run as root.
Default: root preexec close = no
This is the same as the preexec
parameter except that the command is run as root. This is useful for mounting
filesystems (such as CDROMs) when a connection is opened.
Default: root preexec =
Defines what kind of rpc server to use for a
named pipe. The rpc_server prefix must be followed by the pipe name, and a
value.
Three possible values are currently supported: embedded daemon external
The classic method is to run every pipe as an internal function embedded
in smbd.
An alternative method is to fork a daemon early on at smbd startup time.
This is supported only for selected pipes.
Choosing the external option allows to run a completely independent (3rd
party) server capable of interfacing with samba via the MS-RPC interface over
named pipes.
Currently only the spoolss pipe can be configured in daemon mode like
this:
Default: rpc_server = none
rpc_server:spoolss = daemon
This parameter controls what UNIX permission
bits will be set when a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX permission
on a file using the native NT security dialog box.
This parameter is applied as a mask (AND´ed with) to the incoming
permission bits, thus resetting any bits not in this mask. Make sure not to
mix up this parameter with force security mode, which works in a manner
similar to this one but uses a logical OR instead of an AND.
Essentially, all bits set to zero in this mask will result in setting to zero
the corresponding bits on the file permissions regardless of the previous
status of this bits on the file.
If not set explicitly this parameter is 0777, allowing a user to set all the
user/group/world permissions on a file.
Note that users who can access the Samba server through other means can
easily bypass this restriction, so it is primarily useful for standalone
"appliance" systems. Administrators of most normal systems will
probably want to leave it set to 0777.
Default: security mask = 0777
Example: security mask = 0770
This option affects how clients respond to
Samba and is one of the most important settings in the smb.conf file.
The option sets the "security mode bit" in replies to protocol
negotiations with smbd(8) to turn share level security on or off.
Clients decide based on this bit whether (and how) to transfer user and
password information to the server.
The default is security = user, as this is the most common setting needed when
talking to Windows 98 and Windows NT.
The alternatives are security = ads or security = domain, which support joining
Samba to a Windows domain, along with security = share and security = server,
both of which are deprecated.
In versions of Samba prior to 2.0.0, the default was security = share mainly
because that was the only option at one stage.
You should use security = user and map to guest if you want to mainly
setup shares without a password (guest shares). This is commonly used for a
shared printer server.
It is possible to use smbd in a hybrid mode where it is offers both user
and share level security under different NetBIOS aliases.
The different settings will now be explained.
SECURITY = USER
This is the default security setting in Samba. With user-level security a client
must first "log-on" with a valid username and password (which can be
mapped using the username map parameter). Encrypted passwords (see the
encrypted passwords parameter) can also be used in this security mode.
Parameters such as user and guest only if set are then applied
and may change the UNIX user to use on this connection, but only after the
user has been successfully authenticated.
Note that the name of the resource being requested is not sent to
the server until after the server has successfully authenticated the client.
This is why guest shares don´t work in user level security without
allowing the server to automatically map unknown users into the guest
account. See the map to guest parameter for details on doing this.
See also the section NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION.
SECURITY = DOMAIN
This mode will only work correctly if net(8) has been used to add this
machine into a Windows NT Domain. It expects the encrypted passwords
parameter to be set to yes. In this mode Samba will try to validate the
username/password by passing it to a Windows NT Primary or Backup Domain
Controller, in exactly the same way that a Windows NT Server would do.
Note that a valid UNIX user must still exist as well as the account on
the Domain Controller to allow Samba to have a valid UNIX account to map file
access to.
Note that from the client´s point of view security = domain is the
same as security = user. It only affects how the server deals with the
authentication, it does not in any way affect what the client sees.
Note that the name of the resource being requested is not sent to
the server until after the server has successfully authenticated the client.
This is why guest shares don´t work in user level security without
allowing the server to automatically map unknown users into the guest
account. See the map to guest parameter for details on doing this.
See also the section NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION.
See also the password server parameter and the encrypted passwords
parameter.
SECURITY = SHARE
Note
This option is deprecated as it is incompatible with SMB2
When clients connect to a share level security server, they need not log onto
the server with a valid username and password before attempting to connect to
a shared resource (although modern clients such as Windows 95/98 and Windows
NT will send a logon request with a username but no password when talking to a
security = share server). Instead, the clients send authentication information
(passwords) on a per-share basis, at the time they attempt to connect to that
share.
Note that smbd ALWAYS uses a valid UNIX user to act on behalf of the
client, even in security = share level security.
As clients are not required to send a username to the server in share level
security, smbd uses several techniques to determine the correct UNIX user to
use on behalf of the client.
A list of possible UNIX usernames to match with the given client password is
constructed using the following methods :
If the guest only parameter is not set, then this list is then tried with
the supplied password. The first user for whom the password matches will be
used as the UNIX user.
•If the guest only parameter is
set, then all the other stages are missed and only the guest account
username is checked.
•Is a username is sent with the share
connection request, then this username (after mapping - see username
map), is added as a potential username.
•If the client did a previous logon
request (the SessionSetup SMB call) then the username sent in this SMB
will be added as a potential username.
•The name of the service the client
requested is added as a potential username.
•The NetBIOS name of the client is added
to the list as a potential username.
•Any users on the user list are
added as potential usernames.
This parameter determines whether or not
smbd(8) will send the server-supplied principal sometimes given in the
SPNEGO exchange.
If enabled, Samba can attempt to help clients to use Kerberos to contact it,
even when known only by IP address or a name not registered with our KDC as a
service principal name. Kerberos relies on names, so ordinarily cannot
function in this situation.
If disabled, Samba will send the string not_defined_in_RFC4178@please_ignore as
the ´rfc4178 hint´, following the updated RFC and Windows 2008
behaviour in this area.
Note that Windows XP SP2 and later versions already ignored this value in all
circumstances.
Default: send spnego principal = no
This controls whether the server offers or
even demands the use of the netlogon schannel. server schannel = no
does not offer the schannel, server schannel = auto offers the schannel
but does not enforce it, and server schannel = yes denies access if the
client is not able to speak netlogon schannel. This is only the case for
Windows NT4 before SP4.
Please note that with this set to no, you will have to apply the WindowsXP
WinXP_SignOrSeal.reg registry patch found in the docs/registry subdirectory of
the Samba distribution tarball.
Default: server schannel = auto
Example: server schannel = yes
This controls whether the client is allowed or
required to use SMB signing. Possible values are auto, mandatory
and disabled.
When set to auto, SMB signing is offered, but not enforced. When set to
mandatory, SMB signing is required and if set to disabled, SMB signing is not
offered either.
Default: server signing = Disabled
This controls what string will show up in the
printer comment box in print manager and next to the IPC connection in net
view. It can be any string that you wish to show to your users.
It also sets what will appear in browse lists next to the machine name.
A %v will be replaced with the Samba version number.
A %h will be replaced with the hostname.
Default: server string = Samba %v
Example: server string = University of GNUs Samba
Server
If set directory = no, then users of the
service may not use the setdir command to change directory.
The setdir command is only implemented in the Digital Pathworks client. See the
Pathworks documentation for details.
Default: set directory = no
Thanks to the Posix subsystem in NT a Windows
User has a primary group in addition to the auxiliary groups. This script sets
the primary group in the unix userdatase when an administrator sets the
primary group from the windows user manager or when fetching a SAM with net
rpc vampire. %u will be replaced with the user whose primary group is
to be set. %g will be replaced with the group to set.
Default: set primary group script =
Example: set primary group script = /usr/sbin/usermod -g
´%g´ ´%u´
The set quota command should only be used
whenever there is no operating system API available from the OS that samba can
use.
This option is only available if Samba was configured with the argument
--with-sys-quotas or on linux when ./configure --with-quotas was used and a
working quota api was found in the system. Most packages are configured with
these options already.
This parameter should specify the path to a script that can set quota for the
specified arguments.
The specified script should take the following arguments:
•1 - quota type
•1 - user quotas
•2 - user default quotas (uid =
-1)
•3 - group quotas
•4 - group default quotas (gid =
-1)
•2 - id (uid for user, gid for group, -1
if N/A)
•3 - quota state (0 = disable, 1 =
enable, 2 = enable and enforce)
•4 - block softlimit
•5 - block hardlimit
•6 - inode softlimit
•7 - inode hardlimit
•8(optional) - block size, defaults to
1024
This is needed to support some special
application that makes QFSINFO calls to check whether we set the SPARSE_FILES
bit (0x40). If this bit is not set that particular application refuses to work
against Samba. With share:fake_fscaps = 64 the SPARSE_FILES file system
capability flag is set. Use other decimal values to specify the bitmask you
need to fake.
Default: share:fake_fscaps = 0
This enables or disables the honoring of the
share modes during a file open. These modes are used by clients to gain
exclusive read or write access to a file.
This is a deprecated option from old versions of Samba, and will be removed in
the next major release.
These open modes are not directly supported by UNIX, so they are simulated using
shared memory.
The share modes that are enabled by this option are the standard Windows share
modes.
This option gives full share compatibility and is enabled by default.
You should NEVER turn this parameter off as many Windows applications
will break if you do so.
Default: share modes = yes
This boolean parameter controls if new files
which conform to 8.3 syntax, that is all in upper case and of suitable length,
are created upper case, or if they are forced to be the default case.
This option can be use with preserve case = yes to permit long
filenames to retain their case, while short names are lowered.
See the section on NAME MANGLING.
Default: short preserve case = yes
With the introduction of MS-RPC based printing
support for Windows NT/2000 client in Samba 2.2, a "Printers..."
folder will appear on Samba hosts in the share listing. Normally this folder
will contain an icon for the MS Add Printer Wizard (APW). However, it is
possible to disable this feature regardless of the level of privilege of the
connected user.
Under normal circumstances, the Windows NT/2000 client will open a handle on the
printer server with OpenPrinterEx() asking for Administrator privileges. If
the user does not have administrative access on the print server (i.e is not
root or a member of the printer admin group), the OpenPrinterEx() call
fails and the client makes another open call with a request for a lower
privilege level. This should succeed, however the APW icon will not be
displayed.
Disabling the show add printer wizard parameter will always cause the
OpenPrinterEx() on the server to fail. Thus the APW icon will never be
displayed.
Note
This does not prevent the same user from having administrative privilege on an
individual printer.
Default: show add printer wizard = yes
This a full path name to a script called by
smbd(8) that should start a shutdown procedure.
If the connected user posseses the SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege, right, this
command will be run as root.
The %z %t %r %f variables are expanded as follows:
Shutdown script example:
•%z will be substituted with the
shutdown message sent to the server.
•%t will be substituted with the
number of seconds to wait before effectively starting the shutdown
procedure.
•%r will be substituted with the
switch -r. It means reboot after shutdown for NT.
•%f will be substituted with the
switch -f. It means force the shutdown even if applications do not
respond for NT.
#!/bin/bash time=$2 let time="${time} / 60" let time="${time} + 1" /sbin/shutdown $3 $4 +$time $1 &
This option controls the maximum number of
outstanding simultaneous SMB2 operations that Samba tells the client it will
allow. This is similar to the max mux parameter for SMB1. You should
never need to set this parameter.
The default is 8192 credits, which is the same as a Windows 2008R2 SMB2 server.
Default: smb2 max credits = 8192
This option specifies the protocol value that
smbd(8) will return to a client, informing the client of the largest
size that may be returned by a single SMB2 read call.
The maximum is 65536 bytes (64KB), which is the same as a Windows Vista SMB2
server.
Default: smb2 max read = 65536
This option specifies the protocol value that
smbd(8) will return to a client, informing the client of the largest
size of buffer that may be used in querying file meta-data via QUERY_INFO and
related SMB2 calls.
The maximum is 65536 bytes (64KB), which is the same as a Windows Vista SMB2
server.
Default: smb2 max trans = 65536
This option specifies the protocol value that
smbd(8) will return to a client, informing the client of the largest
size that may be sent to the server by a single SMB2 write call.
The maximum is 65536 bytes (64KB), which is the same as a Windows Vista SMB2
server.
Default: smb2 max write = 65536
This is a new feature introduced with Samba
3.2 and above. It is an extension to the SMB/CIFS protocol negotiated as part
of the UNIX extensions. SMB encryption uses the GSSAPI (SSPI on Windows)
ability to encrypt and sign every request/response in a SMB protocol stream.
When enabled it provides a secure method of SMB/CIFS communication, similar to
an ssh protected session, but using SMB/CIFS authentication to negotiate
encryption and signing keys. Currently this is only supported by Samba 3.2
smbclient, and hopefully soon Linux CIFSFS and MacOS/X clients. Windows
clients do not support this feature.
This controls whether the remote client is allowed or required to use SMB
encryption. Possible values are auto, mandatory and
disabled. This may be set on a per-share basis, but clients may chose
to encrypt the entire session, not just traffic to a specific share. If this
is set to mandatory then all traffic to a share must must be encrypted
once the connection has been made to the share. The server would return
"access denied" to all non-encrypted requests on such a share.
Selecting encrypted traffic reduces throughput as smaller packet sizes must be
used (no huge UNIX style read/writes allowed) as well as the overhead of
encrypting and signing all the data.
If SMB encryption is selected, Windows style SMB signing (see the server
signing option) is no longer necessary, as the GSSAPI flags use select
both signing and sealing of the data.
When set to auto, SMB encryption is offered, but not enforced. When set to
mandatory, SMB encryption is required and if set to disabled, SMB encryption
can not be negotiated.
Default: smb encrypt = auto
This option sets the path to the encrypted
smbpasswd file. By default the path to the smbpasswd file is compiled into
Samba.
An example of use is:
Default: smb passwd file =
${prefix}/private/smbpasswd
smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd
Specifies which ports the server should listen
on for SMB traffic.
Default: smb ports = 445 139
This option allows you to control what address
Samba will listen for connections on. This is used to support multiple virtual
interfaces on the one server, each with a different configuration.
Setting this option should never be necessary on usual Samba servers running
only one nmbd.
By default Samba will accept connections on any address.
Default: socket address =
Example: socket address = 192.168.2.20
This option allows you to set socket options
to be used when talking with the client.
Socket options are controls on the networking layer of the operating systems
which allow the connection to be tuned.
This option will typically be used to tune your Samba server for optimal
performance for your local network. There is no way that Samba can know what
the optimal parameters are for your net, so you must experiment and choose
them yourself. We strongly suggest you read the appropriate documentation for
your operating system first (perhaps man setsockopt will help).
You may find that on some systems Samba will say "Unknown socket
option" when you supply an option. This means you either incorrectly
typed it or you need to add an include file to includes.h for your OS. If the
latter is the case please send the patch to samba-technical@samba.org.
Any of the supported socket options may be combined in any way you like, as long
as your OS allows it.
This is the list of socket options currently settable using this option:
Those marked with a ´*´ take an integer argument. The others
can optionally take a 1 or 0 argument to enable or disable the option, by
default they will be enabled if you don´t specify 1 or 0.
•SO_KEEPALIVE
•SO_REUSEADDR
•SO_BROADCAST
•TCP_NODELAY
•IPTOS_LOWDELAY
•IPTOS_THROUGHPUT
•SO_SNDBUF *
•SO_RCVBUF *
•SO_SNDLOWAT *
•SO_RCVLOWAT *
This parameter determines if smbd(8)
will use a cache in order to speed up case insensitive name mappings. You
should never need to change this parameter.
Default: stat cache = yes
Usually, most of the TDB files are stored in
the lock directory. Since Samba 3.4.0, it is possible to differentiate
between TDB files with persistent data and TDB files with non-persistent data
using the state directory and the cache directory options.
This option specifies the directory where TDB files containing persistent data
will be stored.
Default: state directory = ${prefix}/var/locks
Example: state directory =
/var/run/samba/locks/state
If this parameter is set Samba attempts to
first read DOS attributes (SYSTEM, HIDDEN, ARCHIVE or READ-ONLY) from a
filesystem extended attribute, before mapping DOS attributes to UNIX
permission bits (such as occurs with map hidden and map
readonly). When set, DOS attributes will be stored onto an extended
attribute in the UNIX filesystem, associated with the file or directory. For
no other mapping to occur as a fall-back, the parameters map hidden,
map system, map archive and map readonly must be set to
off. This parameter writes the DOS attributes as a string into the extended
attribute named "user.DOSATTRIB". This extended attribute is
explicitly hidden from smbd clients requesting an EA list. On Linux the
filesystem must have been mounted with the mount option user_xattr in order
for extended attributes to work, also extended attributes must be compiled
into the Linux kernel. In Samba 3.5.0 and above the "user.DOSATTRIB"
extended attribute has been extended to store the create time for a file as
well as the DOS attributes. This is done in a backwards compatible way so
files created by Samba 3.5.0 and above can still have the DOS attribute read
from this extended attribute by earlier versions of Samba, but they will not
be able to read the create time stored there. Storing the create time
separately from the normal filesystem meta-data allows Samba to faithfully
reproduce NTFS semantics on top of a POSIX filesystem.
Default: store dos attributes = no
This is a boolean that controls the handling
of disk space allocation in the server. When this is set to yes the
server will change from UNIX behaviour of not committing real disk storage
blocks when a file is extended to the Windows behaviour of actually forcing
the disk system to allocate real storage blocks when a file is created or
extended to be a given size. In UNIX terminology this means that Samba will
stop creating sparse files.
This option is really desgined for file systems that support fast allocation of
large numbers of blocks such as extent-based file systems. On file systems
that don´t support extents (most notably ext3) this can make Samba
slower. When you work with large files over >100MB on file systems without
extents you may even run into problems with clients running into timeouts.
When you have an extent based filesystem it´s likely that we can make use
of unwritten extents which allows Samba to allocate even large amounts of
space very fast and you will not see any timeout problems caused by strict
allocate. With strict allocate in use you will also get much better out of
quota messages in case you use quotas. Another advantage of activating this
setting is that it will help to reduce file fragmentation.
To give you an idea on which filesystems this setting might currently be a good
option for you: XFS, ext4, btrfs, ocfs2 on Linux and JFS2 on AIX support
unwritten extents. On Filesystems that do not support it, preallocation is
probably an expensive operation where you will see reduced performance and
risk to let clients run into timeouts when creating large files. Examples are
ext3, ZFS, HFS+ and most others, so be aware if you activate this setting on
those filesystems.
Default: strict allocate = no
This is an enumerated type that controls the
handling of file locking in the server. When this is set to yes, the
server will check every read and write access for file locks, and deny access
if locks exist. This can be slow on some systems.
When strict locking is set to Auto (the default), the server performs file lock
checks only on non-oplocked files. As most Windows redirectors perform file
locking checks locally on oplocked files this is a good trade off for improved
performance.
When strict locking is disabled, the server performs file lock checks only when
the client explicitly asks for them.
Well-behaved clients always ask for lock checks when it is important. So in the
vast majority of cases, strict locking = Auto or strict locking = no is
acceptable.
Default: strict locking = Auto
Many Windows applications (including the
Windows 98 explorer shell) seem to confuse flushing buffer contents to disk
with doing a sync to disk. Under UNIX, a sync call forces the process to be
suspended until the kernel has ensured that all outstanding data in kernel
disk buffers has been safely stored onto stable storage. This is very slow and
should only be done rarely. Setting this parameter to no (the default)
means that smbd(8) ignores the Windows applications requests for a sync
call. There is only a possibility of losing data if the operating system
itself that Samba is running on crashes, so there is little danger in this
default setting. In addition, this fixes many performance problems that people
have reported with the new Windows98 explorer shell file copies.
Default: strict sync = no
This option defines a list of init scripts
that smbd will use for starting and stopping Unix services via the Win32
ServiceControl API. This allows Windows administrators to utilize the MS
Management Console plug-ins to manage a Unix server running Samba.
The administrator must create a directory name svcctl in Samba´s $(libdir)
and create symbolic links to the init scripts in /etc/init.d/. The name of the
links must match the names given as part of the svcctl list.
Default: svcctl list =
Example: svcctl list = cups postfix portmap httpd
This is a boolean parameter that controls
whether writes will always be written to stable storage before the write call
returns. If this is no then the server will be guided by the
client´s request in each write call (clients can set a bit indicating
that a particular write should be synchronous). If this is yes then
every write will be followed by a fsync() call to ensure the data is written
to disk. Note that the strict sync parameter must be set to yes
in order for this parameter to have any effect.
Default: sync always = no
If this parameter is set then Samba debug
messages are logged into the system syslog only, and not to the debug log
files. There still will be some logging to log.[sn]mbd even if syslog
only is enabled.
Default: syslog only = no
This parameter maps how Samba debug messages
are logged onto the system syslog logging levels. Samba debug level zero maps
onto syslog LOG_ERR, debug level one maps onto LOG_WARNING,
debug level two maps onto LOG_NOTICE, debug level three maps onto
LOG_INFO. All higher levels are mapped to LOG_DEBUG.
This parameter sets the threshold for sending messages to syslog. Only messages
with debug level less than this value will be sent to syslog. There still will
be some logging to log.[sn]mbd even if syslog only is enabled.
Default: syslog = 1
When filling out the user information for a
Windows NT user, the winbindd(8) daemon uses this parameter to fill in
the home directory for that user. If the string %D is present it is
substituted with the user´s Windows NT domain name. If the string
%U is present it is substituted with the user´s Windows NT user
name.
Default: template homedir = /home/%D/%U
When filling out the user information for a
Windows NT user, the winbindd(8) daemon uses this parameter to fill in
the login shell for that user.
No default
This deprecated parameter is a setting in
minutes to add to the normal GMT to local time conversion. This is useful if
you are serving a lot of PCs that have incorrect daylight saving time
handling.
Note
This option is deprecated, and will be removed in the next major release
Default: time offset = 0
Example: time offset = 60
This parameter determines if nmbd(8)
advertises itself as a time server to Windows clients.
Default: time server = no
Specifies the charset the unix machine Samba
runs on uses. Samba needs to know this in order to be able to convert text to
the charsets other SMB clients use.
This is also the charset Samba will use when specifying arguments to scripts
that it invokes.
Default: unix charset = UTF8
Example: unix charset = ASCII
This boolean parameter controls whether Samba
implements the CIFS UNIX extensions, as defined by HP. These extensions enable
Samba to better serve UNIX CIFS clients by supporting features such as
symbolic links, hard links, etc... These extensions require a similarly
enabled client, and are of no current use to Windows clients.
Note if this parameter is turned on, the wide links parameter will
automatically be disabled.
See the parameter allow insecure wide links if you wish to change this
coupling between the two parameters.
Default: unix extensions = yes
This boolean parameter controls whether Samba
attempts to synchronize the UNIX password with the SMB password when the
encrypted SMB password in the smbpasswd file is changed. If this is set to
yes the program specified in the passwd program parameter is
called AS ROOT - to allow the new UNIX password to be set without
access to the old UNIX password (as the SMB password change code has no access
to the old password cleartext, only the new).
Default: unix password sync = no
This parameter applies only to Windows NT/2000
clients. It has no effect on Windows 95/98/ME clients. When serving a printer
to Windows NT/2000 clients without first installing a valid printer driver on
the Samba host, the client will be required to install a local printer driver.
From this point on, the client will treat the print as a local printer and not
a network printer connection. This is much the same behavior that will occur
when disable spoolss = yes.
The differentiating factor is that under normal circumstances, the NT/2000
client will attempt to open the network printer using MS-RPC. The problem is
that because the client considers the printer to be local, it will attempt to
issue the OpenPrinterEx() call requesting access rights associated with the
logged on user. If the user possesses local administator rights but not root
privilege on the Samba host (often the case), the OpenPrinterEx() call will
fail. The result is that the client will now display an "Access Denied;
Unable to connect" message in the printer queue window (even though jobs
may successfully be printed).
If this parameter is enabled for a printer, then any attempt to open the printer
with the PRINTER_ACCESS_ADMINISTER right is mapped to PRINTER_ACCESS_USE
instead. Thus allowing the OpenPrinterEx() call to succeed. This parameter
MUST not be enabled on a print share which has valid print driver installed on
the Samba server.
Default: use client driver = no
This global parameter determines if the tdb
internals of Samba can depend on mmap working correctly on the running system.
Samba requires a coherent mmap/read-write system memory cache. Currently only
HPUX does not have such a coherent cache, and so this parameter is set to
no by default on HPUX. On all other systems this parameter should be
left alone. This parameter is provided to help the Samba developers track down
problems with the tdb internal code.
Default: use mmap = yes
This option helps Samba to try and
´guess´ at the real UNIX username, as many DOS clients send an
all-uppercase username. By default Samba tries all lowercase, followed by the
username with the first letter capitalized, and fails if the username is not
found on the UNIX machine.
If this parameter is set to non-zero the behavior changes. This parameter is a
number that specifies the number of uppercase combinations to try while trying
to determine the UNIX user name. The higher the number the more combinations
will be tried, but the slower the discovery of usernames will be. Use this
parameter when you have strange usernames on your UNIX machine, such as
AstrangeUser .
This parameter is needed only on UNIX systems that have case sensitive
usernames.
Default: username level = 0
Example: username level = 5
Mapping usernames with the username map
or username map script features of Samba can be relatively expensive.
During login of a user, the mapping is done several times. In particular,
calling the username map script can slow down logins if external
databases have to be queried from the script being called.
The parameter username map cache time controls a mapping cache. It
specifies the number of seconds a mapping from the username map file or script
is to be efficiently cached. The default of 0 means no caching is done.
Default: username map cache time = 0
Example: username map cache time = 60
This script is a mutually exclusive
alternative to the username map parameter. This parameter specifies and
external program or script that must accept a single command line option (the
username transmitted in the authentication request) and return a line line on
standard output (the name to which the account should mapped). In this way, it
is possible to store username map tables in an LDAP or NIS directory services.
Default: username map script =
Example: username map script =
/etc/samba/scripts/mapusers.sh
This option allows you to specify a file
containing a mapping of usernames from the clients to the server. This can be
used for several purposes. The most common is to map usernames that users use
on DOS or Windows machines to those that the UNIX box uses. The other is to
map multiple users to a single username so that they can more easily share
files.
Please note that for user or share mode security, the username map is applied
prior to validating the user credentials. Domain member servers (domain or
ads) apply the username map after the user has been successfully authenticated
by the domain controller and require fully qualified enties in the map table
(e.g. biddle = DOMAIN\foo).
The map file is parsed line by line. Each line should contain a single UNIX
username on the left then a ´=´ followed by a list of usernames on
the right. The list of usernames on the right may contain names of the form
@group in which case they will match any UNIX username in that group. The
special client name ´*´ is a wildcard and matches any name. Each
line of the map file may be up to 1023 characters long.
The file is processed on each line by taking the supplied username and comparing
it with each username on the right hand side of the ´=´ signs. If
the supplied name matches any of the names on the right hand side then it is
replaced with the name on the left. Processing then continues with the next
line.
If any line begins with a ´#´ or a ´;´ then it is ignored.
If any line begins with an ´!´ then the processing will stop after
that line if a mapping was done by the line. Otherwise mapping continues with
every line being processed. Using ´!´ is most useful when you have a
wildcard mapping line later in the file.
For example to map from the name admin or administrator to the
UNIX name root you would use:
Or to map anyone in the UNIX group system to the UNIX name sys you
would use:
You can have as many mappings as you like in a username map file.
If your system supports the NIS NETGROUP option then the netgroup database is
checked before the /etc/group database for matching groups.
You can map Windows usernames that have spaces in them by using double quotes
around the name. For example:
would map the windows username "Andrew Tridgell" to the unix username
"tridge".
The following example would map mary and fred to the unix user sys, and map the
rest to guest. Note the use of the ´!´ to tell Samba to stop
processing if it gets a match on that line:
Note that the remapping is applied to all occurrences of usernames. Thus if you
connect to \\server\fred and fred is remapped to mary then you
will actually be connecting to \\server\mary and will need to supply a
password suitable for mary not fred. The only exception to this
is the username passed to the password server (if you have one). The
password server will receive whatever username the client supplies without
modification.
Also note that no reverse mapping is done. The main effect this has is with
printing. Users who have been mapped may have trouble deleting print jobs as
PrintManager under WfWg will think they don´t own the print job.
Samba versions prior to 3.0.8 would only support reading the fully qualified
username (e.g.: DOMAIN\user) from the username map when performing a kerberos
login from a client. However, when looking up a map entry for a user
authenticated by NTLM[SSP], only the login name would be used for matches.
This resulted in inconsistent behavior sometimes even on the same server.
The following functionality is obeyed in version 3.0.8 and later:
When performing local authentication, the username map is applied to the login
name before attempting to authenticate the connection.
When relying upon a external domain controller for validating authentication
requests, smbd will apply the username map to the fully qualified username
(i.e. DOMAIN\user) only after the user has been successfully authenticated.
An example of use is:
Default: username map = # no username map
root = admin administrator
sys = @system
tridge = "Andrew Tridgell"
!sys = mary fred guest = *
username map = /usr/local/samba/lib/users.map
This parameter is a synonym for
username.
This parameter is a synonym for
username.
Multiple users may be specified in a
comma-delimited list, in which case the supplied password will be tested
against each username in turn (left to right).
The deprecated username line is needed only when the PC is unable to
supply its own username. This is the case for the COREPLUS protocol or where
your users have different WfWg usernames to UNIX usernames. In both these
cases you may also be better using the \\server\share%user syntax instead.
The username line is not a great solution in many cases as it means Samba
will try to validate the supplied password against each of the usernames in
the username line in turn. This is slow and a bad idea for lots of
users in case of duplicate passwords. You may get timeouts or security
breaches using this parameter unwisely.
Samba relies on the underlying UNIX security. This parameter does not restrict
who can login, it just offers hints to the Samba server as to what usernames
might correspond to the supplied password. Users can login as whoever they
please and they will be able to do no more damage than if they started a
telnet session. The daemon runs as the user that they log in as, so they
cannot do anything that user cannot do.
To restrict a service to a particular set of users you can use the valid
users parameter.
If any of the usernames begin with a ´@´ then the name will be looked
up first in the NIS netgroups list (if Samba is compiled with netgroup
support), followed by a lookup in the UNIX groups database and will expand to
a list of all users in the group of that name.
If any of the usernames begin with a ´+´ then the name will be looked
up only in the UNIX groups database and will expand to a list of all users in
the group of that name.
If any of the usernames begin with a ´&´ then the name will be
looked up only in the NIS netgroups database (if Samba is compiled with
netgroup support) and will expand to a list of all users in the netgroup group
of that name.
Note that searching though a groups database can take quite some time, and some
clients may time out during the search.
See the section NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION for more information on
how this parameter determines access to the services.
Default: username = # The guest account if a guest
service, else <empty string>.
Example: username = fred, mary, jack, jane, @users,
@pcgroup
This parameter controls whether user defined
shares are allowed to be accessed by non-authenticated users or not. It is the
equivalent of allowing people who can create a share the option of setting
guest ok = yes in a share definition. Due to its security sensitive
nature, the default is set to off.
Default: usershare allow guests = no
This parameter specifies the number of user
defined shares that are allowed to be created by users belonging to the group
owning the usershare directory. If set to zero (the default) user defined
shares are ignored.
Default: usershare max shares = 0
This parameter controls whether the pathname
exported by a user defined shares must be owned by the user creating the user
defined share or not. If set to True (the default) then smbd checks that the
directory path being shared is owned by the user who owns the usershare file
defining this share and refuses to create the share if not. If set to False
then no such check is performed and any directory path may be exported
regardless of who owns it.
Default: usershare owner only = True
This parameter specifies the absolute path of
the directory on the filesystem used to store the user defined share
definition files. This directory must be owned by root, and have no access for
other, and be writable only by the group owner. In addition the
"sticky" bit must also be set, restricting rename and delete to
owners of a file (in the same way the /tmp directory is usually configured).
Members of the group owner of this directory are the users allowed to create
usershares. If this parameter is undefined then no user defined shares are
allowed.
For example, a valid usershare directory might be
/usr/local/samba/lib/usershares, set up as follows.
In this case, only members of the group "power_users" can create user
defined shares.
Default: usershare path = NULL
ls -ld /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares/ drwxrwx--T 2 root power_users 4096 2006-05-05 12:27 /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares/
This parameter specifies a list of absolute
pathnames the root of which are allowed to be exported by user defined share
definitions. If the pathname to be exported doesn´t start with one of the
strings in this list, the user defined share will not be allowed. This allows
the Samba administrator to restrict the directories on the system that can be
exported by user defined shares.
If there is a "usershare prefix deny list" and also a "usershare
prefix allow list" the deny list is processed first, followed by the
allow list, thus leading to the most restrictive interpretation.
Default: usershare prefix allow list = NULL
Example: usershare prefix allow list = /home /data
/space
This parameter specifies a list of absolute
pathnames the root of which are NOT allowed to be exported by user defined
share definitions. If the pathname exported starts with one of the strings in
this list the user defined share will not be allowed. Any pathname not
starting with one of these strings will be allowed to be exported as a
usershare. This allows the Samba administrator to restrict the directories on
the system that can be exported by user defined shares.
If there is a "usershare prefix deny list" and also a "usershare
prefix allow list" the deny list is processed first, followed by the
allow list, thus leading to the most restrictive interpretation.
Default: usershare prefix deny list = NULL
Example: usershare prefix deny list = /etc /dev
/private
User defined shares only have limited possible
parameters such as path, guest ok, etc. This parameter allows usershares to
"cloned" from an existing share. If "usershare template
share" is set to the name of an existing share, then all usershares
created have their defaults set from the parameters set on this share.
The target share may be set to be invalid for real file sharing by setting the
parameter "-valid = False" on the template share definition. This
causes it not to be seen as a real exported share but to be able to be used as
a template for usershares.
Default: usershare template share = NULL
Example: usershare template share =
template_share
If this parameter is yes, and the
sendfile() system call is supported by the underlying operating system,
then some SMB read calls (mainly ReadAndX and ReadRaw) will use the more
efficient sendfile system call for files that are exclusively oplocked. This
may make more efficient use of the system CPU´s and cause Samba to be
faster. Samba automatically turns this off for clients that use protocol
levels lower than NT LM 0.12 and when it detects a client is Windows 9x (using
sendfile from Linux will cause these clients to fail).
Default: use sendfile = false
This deprecated variable controls controls
whether samba will try to use Simple and Protected NEGOciation (as specified
by rfc2478) with WindowsXP and Windows2000 clients to agree upon an
authentication mechanism.
Unless further issues are discovered with our SPNEGO implementation, there is no
reason this should ever be disabled.
Default: use spnego = yes
This parameter is only available if Samba has
been configured and compiled with the option --with-utmp. It specifies a
directory pathname that is used to store the utmp or utmpx files (depending on
the UNIX system) that record user connections to a Samba server. By default
this is not set, meaning the system will use whatever utmp file the native
system is set to use (usually /var/run/utmp on Linux).
Default: utmp directory = # Determined
automatically
Example: utmp directory = /var/run/utmp
This boolean parameter is only available if
Samba has been configured and compiled with the option --with-utmp. If set to
yes then Samba will attempt to add utmp or utmpx records (depending on
the UNIX system) whenever a connection is made to a Samba server. Sites may
use this to record the user connecting to a Samba share.
Due to the requirements of the utmp record, we are required to create a unique
identifier for the incoming user. Enabling this option creates an n^2
algorithm to find this number. This may impede performance on large
installations.
Default: utmp = no
This is a list of users that should be allowed
to login to this service. Names starting with ´@´, ´+´ and
´&´ are interpreted using the same rules as described in the
invalid users parameter.
If this is empty (the default) then any user can login. If a username is in both
this list and the invalid users list then access is denied for that
user.
The current servicename is substituted for %S. This is useful in the
[homes] section.
Default: valid users = # No valid users list (anyone
can login)
Example: valid users = greg, @pcusers
This parameter indicates whether a share is
valid and thus can be used. When this parameter is set to false, the share
will be in no way visible nor accessible.
This option should not be used by regular users but might be of help to
developers. Samba uses this option internally to mark shares as deleted.
Default: -valid = yes
This is a list of files and directories that
are neither visible nor accessible. Each entry in the list must be separated
by a ´/´, which allows spaces to be included in the entry.
´*´ and ´?´ can be used to specify multiple files or
directories as in DOS wildcards.
Each entry must be a unix path, not a DOS path and must not include the
unix directory separator ´/´.
Note that the case sensitive option is applicable in vetoing files.
One feature of the veto files parameter that it is important to be aware of is
Samba´s behaviour when trying to delete a directory. If a directory that
is to be deleted contains nothing but veto files this deletion will
fail unless you also set the delete veto files parameter to
yes.
Setting this parameter will affect the performance of Samba, as it will be
forced to check all files and directories for a match as they are scanned.
Examples of use include:
Default: veto files = No files or directories are
vetoed.
; Veto any files containing the word Security, ; any ending in .tmp, and any directory containing the ; word root. veto files = /*Security*/*.tmp/*root*/ ; Veto the Apple specific files that a NetAtalk server ; creates. veto files = /.AppleDouble/.bin/.AppleDesktop/Network Trash Folder/
This parameter is only valid when the
oplocks parameter is turned on for a share. It allows the Samba
administrator to selectively turn off the granting of oplocks on selected
files that match a wildcarded list, similar to the wildcarded list used in the
veto files parameter.
You might want to do this on files that you know will be heavily contended for
by clients. A good example of this is in the NetBench SMB benchmark program,
which causes heavy client contention for files ending in .SEM. To cause Samba
not to grant oplocks on these files you would use the line (either in the
[global] section or in the section for the particular NetBench share.
An example of use is:
Default: veto oplock files = # No files are vetoed for
oplock grants
veto oplock files = /.*SEM/
This parameter is a synonym for vfs
objects.
This parameter specifies the backend names
which are used for Samba VFS I/O operations. By default, normal disk I/O
operations are used but these can be overloaded with one or more VFS objects.
Default: vfs objects =
Example: vfs objects = extd_audit recycle
This allows you to override the volume label
returned for a share. Useful for CDROMs with installation programs that insist
on a particular volume label.
Default: volume = # the name of the share
This parameter controls whether or not links
in the UNIX file system may be followed by the server. Links that point to
areas within the directory tree exported by the server are always allowed;
this parameter controls access only to areas that are outside the directory
tree being exported.
Note: Turning this parameter on when UNIX extensions are enabled will allow UNIX
clients to create symbolic links on the share that can point to files or
directories outside restricted path exported by the share definition. This can
cause access to areas outside of the share. Due to this problem, this
parameter will be automatically disabled (with a message in the log file) if
the unix extensions option is on.
See the parameter allow insecure wide links if you wish to change this
coupling between the two parameters.
Default: wide links = no
This parameter specifies the number of seconds
the winbindd(8) daemon will cache user and group information before
querying a Windows NT server again.
This does not apply to authentication requests, these are always evaluated in
real time unless the winbind offline logon option has been enabled.
Default: winbind cache time = 300
On large installations using
winbindd(8) it may be necessary to suppress the enumeration of groups
through the setgrent(), getgrent() and endgrent() group of system calls. If
the winbind enum groups parameter is no, calls to the getgrent()
system call will not return any data.
Warning
Turning off group enumeration may cause some programs to behave oddly.
Default: winbind enum groups = no
On large installations using
winbindd(8) it may be necessary to suppress the enumeration of users
through the setpwent(), getpwent() and endpwent() group of system calls. If
the winbind enum users parameter is no, calls to the getpwent
system call will not return any data.
Warning
Turning off user enumeration may cause some programs to behave oddly. For
example, the finger program relies on having access to the full user list when
searching for matching usernames.
Default: winbind enum users = no
This option controls the maximum depth that
winbindd will traverse when flattening nested group memberships of Windows
domain groups. This is different from the winbind nested groups option
which implements the Windows NT4 model of local group nesting. The
"winbind expand groups" parameter specifically applies to the
membership of domain groups.
Be aware that a high value for this parameter can result in system slowdown as
the main parent winbindd daemon must perform the group unrolling and will be
unable to answer incoming NSS or authentication requests during this time.
Default: winbind expand groups = 1
This parameter specifies the maximum number of
clients the winbindd(8) daemon can connect with.
Default: winbind max clients = 200
This parameter specifies the maximum number of
simultaneous connections that the winbindd(8) daemon should open to the
domain controller of one domain. Setting this parameter to a value greater
than 1 can improve scalability with many simultaneous winbind requests, some
of which might be slow.
Note that if winbind offline logon is set to Yes, then only one DC
connection is allowed per domain, regardless of this setting.
Default: winbind max domain connections = 1
Example: winbind max domain connections = 10
If set to yes, this parameter activates the
support for nested groups. Nested groups are also called local groups or
aliases. They work like their counterparts in Windows: Nested groups are
defined locally on any machine (they are shared between DC´s through
their SAM) and can contain users and global groups from any trusted SAM. To be
able to use nested groups, you need to run nss_winbind.
Default: winbind nested groups = yes
This parameter controls whether winbindd will
replace whitespace in user and group names with an underscore (_) character.
For example, whether the name "Space Kadet" should be replaced with
the string "space_kadet". Frequently Unix shell scripts will have
difficulty with usernames contains whitespace due to the default field
separator in the shell. If your domain possesses names containing the
underscore character, this option may cause problems unless the name aliasing
feature is supported by your nss_info plugin.
This feature also enables the name aliasing API which can be used to make domain
user and group names to a non-qualified version. Please refer to the manpage
for the configured idmap and nss_info plugin for the specifics on how to
configure name aliasing for a specific configuration. Name aliasing takes
precedence (and is mutually exclusive) over the whitespace replacement
mechanism discussed previsouly.
Default: winbind normalize names = no
Example: winbind normalize names = yes
This parameter is designed to control how
Winbind retrieves Name Service Information to construct a user´s home
directory and login shell. Currently the following settings are available:
•template - The default, using
the parameters of template shell and template homedir)
•<sfu | rfc2307 > - When
Samba is running in security = ads and your Active Directory Domain Controller
does support the Microsoft "Services for Unix" (SFU) LDAP schema,
winbind can retrieve the login shell and the home directory attributes
directly from your Directory Server. Note that retrieving UID and GID from
your ADS-Server requires to use idmap config DOMAIN:backend = ad as
well.
This parameter is designed to control whether
Winbind should allow to login with the pam_winbind module using Cached
Credentials. If enabled, winbindd will store user credentials from successful
logins encrypted in a local cache.
Default: winbind offline logon = false
Example: winbind offline logon = true
This parameter specifies the number of seconds
the winbindd(8) daemon will wait between attempts to contact a Domain
controller for a domain that is determined to be down or not contactable.
Default: winbind reconnect delay = 30
This parameter is designed to control whether
Winbind should refresh Kerberos Tickets retrieved using the pam_winbind
module.
Default: winbind refresh tickets = false
Example: winbind refresh tickets = true
Setting this parameter to yes forces winbindd
to use RPC instead of LDAP to retrieve information from Domain Controllers.
Default: winbind rpc only = no
This parameter allows an admin to define the
character used when listing a username of the form of DOMAIN
\user. This parameter is only applicable when using the
pam_winbind.so and nss_winbind.so modules for UNIX services.
Please note that setting this parameter to + causes problems with group
membership at least on glibc systems, as the character + is used as a special
character for NIS in /etc/group.
Default: winbind separator = ´\´
Example: winbind separator = +
This parameter is designed to allow Samba
servers that are members of a Samba controlled domain to use UNIX accounts
distributed via NIS, rsync, or LDAP as the uid´s for winbindd users in
the hosts primary domain. Therefore, the user DOMAIN\user1 would be mapped to
the account user1 in /etc/passwd instead of allocating a new uid for him or
her.
This parameter is now deprecated in favor of the newer idmap_nss backend. Refer
to the idmap_nss(8) man page for more information.
Default: winbind trusted domains only = no
This parameter specifies whether the
winbindd(8) daemon should operate on users without domain component in
their username. Users without a domain component are treated as is part of the
winbindd server´s own domain. While this does not benefit Windows users,
it makes SSH, FTP and e-mail function in a way much closer to the way they
would in a native unix system.
This option should be avoided if possible. It can cause confusion about
responsibilities for a user or group. In many situations it is not clear
whether winbind or /etc/passwd should be seen as authoritative for a user,
likewise for groups.
Default: winbind use default domain = no
Example: winbind use default domain = yes
When Samba is running as a WINS server this
allows you to call an external program for all changes to the WINS database.
The primary use for this option is to allow the dynamic update of external
name resolution databases such as dynamic DNS.
The wins hook parameter specifies the name of a script or executable that will
be called as follows:
wins_hook operation name nametype ttl IP_list
An example script that calls the BIND dynamic DNS update program nsupdate is
provided in the examples directory of the Samba source code.
•The first argument is the operation and
is one of "add", "delete", or "refresh". In most
cases the operation can be ignored as the rest of the parameters provide
sufficient information. Note that "refresh" may sometimes be called
when the name has not previously been added, in that case it should be treated
as an add.
•The second argument is the NetBIOS
name. If the name is not a legal name then the wins hook is not called. Legal
names contain only letters, digits, hyphens, underscores and periods.
•The third argument is the NetBIOS name
type as a 2 digit hexadecimal number.
•The fourth argument is the TTL (time to
live) for the name in seconds.
•The fifth and subsequent arguments are
the IP addresses currently registered for that name. If this list is empty
then the name should be deleted.
This is a boolean that controls if
nmbd(8) will respond to broadcast name queries on behalf of other
hosts. You may need to set this to yes for some older clients.
Default: wins proxy = no
This specifies the IP address (or DNS name: IP
address for preference) of the WINS server that nmbd(8) should register
with. If you have a WINS server on your network then you should set this to
the WINS server´s IP.
You should point this at your WINS server if you have a multi-subnetted network.
If you want to work in multiple namespaces, you can give every wins server a
´tag´. For each tag, only one (working) server will be queried for a
name. The tag should be separated from the ip address by a colon.
Note
You need to set up Samba to point to a WINS server if you have multiple subnets
and wish cross-subnet browsing to work correctly.
See the chapter in the Samba3-HOWTO on Network Browsing.
Default: wins server =
Example: wins server = mary:192.9.200.1
fred:192.168.3.199 mary:192.168.2.61 # For this example when querying a
certain name, 192.19.200.1 will be asked first and if that doesn´t
respond 192.168.2.61. If either of those doesn´t know the name
192.168.3.199 will be queried.
Example: wins server = 192.9.200.1 192.168.2.61
This boolean controls if the nmbd(8)
process in Samba will act as a WINS server. You should not set this to
yes unless you have a multi-subnetted network and you wish a particular
nmbd to be your WINS server. Note that you should NEVER set this to
yes on more than one machine in your network.
Default: wins support = no
This controls what workgroup your server will
appear to be in when queried by clients. Note that this parameter also
controls the Domain name used with the security = domain setting.
Default: workgroup = WORKGROUP
Example: workgroup = MYGROUP
This parameter is a synonym for
writeable.
Inverted synonym for read only.
Default: writeable = no
If this integer parameter is set to non-zero
value, Samba will create an in-memory cache for each oplocked file (it does
not do this for non-oplocked files). All writes that the client does
not request to be flushed directly to disk will be stored in this cache if
possible. The cache is flushed onto disk when a write comes in whose offset
would not fit into the cache or when the file is closed by the client. Reads
for the file are also served from this cache if the data is stored within it.
This cache allows Samba to batch client writes into a more efficient write size
for RAID disks (i.e. writes may be tuned to be the RAID stripe size) and can
improve performance on systems where the disk subsystem is a bottleneck but
there is free memory for userspace programs.
The integer parameter specifies the size of this cache (per oplocked file) in
bytes.
Default: write cache size = 0
Example: write cache size = 262144 # for a 256k cache
size per file
This is a list of users that are given
read-write access to a service. If the connecting user is in this list then
they will be given write access, no matter what the read only option is
set to. The list can include group names using the @group syntax.
Note that if a user is in both the read list and the write list then they will
be given write access.
By design, this parameter will not work with the security = share in
Samba 3.0.
Default: write list =
Example: write list = admin, root, @staff
This parameter controls whether or not the
server will support raw write SMB´s when transferring data from clients.
You should never need to change this parameter.
Default: write raw = yes
This parameter is only available if Samba has
been configured and compiled with the option --with-utmp. It specifies a
directory pathname that is used to store the wtmp or wtmpx files (depending on
the UNIX system) that record user connections to a Samba server. The
difference with the utmp directory is the fact that user info is kept after a
user has logged out.
By default this is not set, meaning the system will use whatever utmp file the
native system is set to use (usually /var/run/wtmp on Linux).
Default: wtmp directory =
Example: wtmp directory = /var/log/wtmp
WARNINGS¶
Although the configuration file permits service names to contain spaces, your client software may not. Spaces will be ignored in comparisons anyway, so it shouldn´t be a problem - but be aware of the possibility. On a similar note, many clients - especially DOS clients - limit service names to eight characters. smbd(8) has no such limitation, but attempts to connect from such clients will fail if they truncate the service names. For this reason you should probably keep your service names down to eight characters in length. Use of the [homes] and [printers] special sections make life for an administrator easy, but the various combinations of default attributes can be tricky. Take extreme care when designing these sections. In particular, ensure that the permissions on spool directories are correct.VERSION¶
This man page is correct for version 3 of the Samba suite.SEE ALSO¶
AUTHOR¶
The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar to the way the Linux kernel is developed. The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another excellent piece of Open Source software, available at ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.06/22/2012 | Samba 3.6 |