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GP(1) | General Commands Manual | GP(1) |
NAME¶
gp - PARI calculatorSYNOPSIS¶
gp [--stacksize|-s stacksize] [--primelimit|-p primelimit] [--emacs] [-f|--fast] [-q|--quiet] [--help] [--test] [--texmacs] [--version] [--version-short] [ file1 file2 ...]DESCRIPTION¶
Invokes the PARI-GP calculator, loading the file1, file2, ... (written in the GP language) on startup. gp is an advanced programmable calculator, which computes symbolically as long as possible, numerically where needed, and contains a wealth of number-theoretic functions (elliptic curves, class field theory...). It can be programmed with the GP scripting language. Its basic data types are- numbers
- integers, real numbers, exact rational numbers, algebraic numbers, p-adic numbers, modular integers (integers modulo n), complex numbers,
- polynomials, rational functions,
- and power series,
- integral binary quadratic forms,
- matrices, vectors,
- and lists,
- character strings,
OPTIONS¶
Command line options are availaible in both short form (-f) and POSIX-like (--fast). Numeric arguments can be followed by a modifier k , M or G at the user's convenience; in that case the argument is multiplied by 10^3, 10^6, or 10^9 respectively.- -f, --fast
- Fast start (or factory settings). Do not read .gprc (see below) upon startup.
- -p, --primelimit limit
- Upon startup, gp computes a table of small primes used in number-theoretic applications. If primelimit is set, the table include primes up to that bound instead of the default. Unreasonably high values will considerably increase startup time. Exceedingly small values will cause some number-theoretic functions to fail with the message "not enough precomputed primes".
- -q, --quiet
- Quiet mode. Don't print headers or history numbers, don't
say goodbye.
- -s, --stacksize limit
- Size of gp internal stack allocated on startup. When gp
runs out of space, it interrupts the current computation and raises a
stack overflow exception. If this occurs frequently, start with a
bigger stack. The stack size can also be increased from within gp, using
default(parisize,...); it may be convenient to set
stacksize from your .gprc. Note that computations with a
smaller stack may be more efficient due to better data locality.
Most computations should need less than 20MB.
- --emacs
- gp can be run in an Emacs shell (see GP User's manual for details). This flag is then required for smooth interaction with the relevant Emacs package (pari.el). It is set automatically by the pari.el package, and will produce nice display oddities if you set it outside of an Emacs session.
- --help
- print a summary of available command-line options.
- --test
- run gp in test mode: suppress printing of history numbers and wrap long output lines (to get readable diff output). For benches only.
- --texmacs
- gp can be run from a TeXmacs frontend. This flag is
set by TeXmacs, to enable special purpose communication channels. Do not
set it yourself.
- --version
- output version info (banner) then exit.
- --version-short
- output version number then exit.
USE¶
- ?
- to get online help.
- ??
- to get extended online help (more precisely, to call the external help program, gphelp by default)
- quit
- (or \q), or EOF (Ctrl-D) to quit gp.
- arrow keys
- for editing and viewing the input history.
- TAB
-
for automatic completion
MANUALS¶
The following material is included in the standard distribution (originally in TeX format):- The User's Guide to PARI/GP
- (users.dvi)
- The User's Guide to the PARI library
- (library.dvi)
- PARI/GP, a tutorial
- (tutorial.dvi)
- PARI/GP reference card
- (refcard.ps): 4 pages, based on an earlier version by Joseph H. Silverman.
- pariemacs.txt
- explains the use of the pari.el package, and how to
customize it (prompt, colors).
FILES¶
- gp
- main executable
- $HOME/.gprc
- (or $GPRC if set) read at beginning of execution by each gp shell. A default gprc gprc.dft is provided with the distribution. If this file cannot be found, /etc/gprc is checked instead.
- pari.log
- default logfile (can be changed in .gprc or interactively using default() )
- pari.ps
- default psfile used for postscript output (as above)
- gphelp
- default external help program (as above)
- pari.el
- elisp package to run pari in an Emacs shell. Must be loaded from your .emacs file.
- *.gp
- GP programs
ENVIRONMENT¶
- $GPRC
- place to look for the user's gprc file (before $HOME/.gprc,
./gprc, and /etc/gprc in this order).
- $GP_DATA_DIR
- directory containing data installed by optional PARI
packages. For example, the Galois resolvents files in directory
galdata/ needed by the polgalois function, in degrees 8 to
11; or the modular polynomials in seadata/ used by the ellap
function for large base fields.
- $GPHELP
- name of the external help program invoked by ?? and ???
shortcuts.
- $GPTMPDIR
- name of the directory where temporary files will be
generated.
HOME PAGE¶
PARI's home page resides atMAILING LISTS¶
There are three mailing lists devoted to the PARI/GP package (run courtesy of Dan Bernstein), and most feedback should be directed to those. They are:pari-announce-subscribe@list.cr.yp.to
pari-users-subscribe@list.cr.yp.to
pari-dev-subscribe@list.cr.yp.to
BUG REPORTS¶
Bugs should be submitted online to our Bug Tracking System, available from PARI's home page, or directly from the URL Further instructions can be found on that page.TRIVIA¶
Despite the leading G, GP has nothing to do with GNU. The first version was originally called GPC, for Great Programmable Calculator. For some reason, the trailing C was eventually dropped.AUTHORS¶
PARI was originally written by Christian Batut, Dominique Bernardi, Henri Cohen, and Michel Olivier in Laboratoire A2X (Universite Bordeaux I, France), and was maintained by Henri Cohen up to version 1.39.15 (1995), and by Karim Belabas since then.SEE ALSO¶
dvips(1), emacs(1), gap(1), ghostview(1), gphelp(1), maple(1), perl(1), readline(3), tex(1), texmacs(1), xdvi(1)COPYING¶
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation.10 August 2004 |