table of contents
other versions
- wheezy 3.12.1-4
- jessie 4.01.0-5
- testing 4.02.3-9
- unstable 4.02.3-9
- experimental 4.04.0-2
OCAMLC(1) | General Commands Manual | OCAMLC(1) |
NAME¶
ocamlc - The Objective Caml bytecode compilerSYNOPSIS¶
ocamlc [ options ] filename ...DESCRIPTION¶
The Objective Caml bytecode compiler ocamlc(1) compiles Caml source files to bytecode object files and links these object files to produce standalone bytecode executable files. These executable files are then run by the bytecode interpreter ocamlrun(1).OPTIONS¶
The following command-line options are recognized by ocamlc(1).- -a
- Build a library (.cma file) with the object files (.cmo files) given on the command line, instead of linking them into an executable file. The name of the library must be set with the -o option.
- If -custom, -cclib or -ccopt options are passed on the command line, these options are stored in the resulting .cma library. Then, linking with this library automatically adds back the -custom, -cclib and -ccopt options as if they had been provided on the command line, unless the -noautolink option is given.
- -annot
- Dump detailed information about the compilation (types, bindings, tail-calls, etc). The information for file src.ml is put into file src.annot. In case of a type error, dump all the information inferred by the type-checker before the error. The src.annot file can be used with the emacs commands given in emacs/caml-types.el to display types and other annotations interactively.
- -c
- Compile only. Suppress the linking phase of the compilation. Source code files are turned into compiled files, but no executable file is produced. This option is useful to compile modules separately.
- -cc ccomp
- Use ccomp as the C linker when linking in "custom runtime" mode (see the -custom option) and as the C compiler for compiling .c source files.
- -cclib -llibname
- Pass the -llibname option to the C linker when linking in "custom runtime" mode (see the -custom option). This causes the given C library to be linked with the program.
- -ccopt
- Pass the given option to the C compiler and linker, when linking in "custom runtime" mode (see the -custom option). For instance, -ccopt -Ldir causes the C linker to search for C libraries in directory dir.
- -config
- Print the version number of ocamlc(1) and a detailed summary of its configuration, then exit.
- -custom
- Link in "custom runtime" mode. In the default
linking mode, the linker produces bytecode that is intended to be executed
with the shared runtime system, ocamlrun(1). In the custom runtime
mode, the linker produces an output file that contains both the runtime
system and the bytecode for the program. The resulting file is larger, but
it can be executed directly, even if the ocamlrun(1) command is not
installed. Moreover, the "custom runtime" mode enables linking
Caml code with user-defined C functions.
- -dllib -llibname
- Arrange for the C shared library dlllibname.so to be loaded dynamically by the run-time system ocamlrun(1) at program start-up time.
- -dllpath dir
- Adds the directory dir to the run-time search path for shared C libraries. At link-time, shared libraries are searched in the standard search path (the one corresponding to the -I option). The -dllpath option simply stores dir in the produced executable file, where ocamlrun(1) can find it and use it.
- -g
- Add debugging information while compiling and linking. This option is required in order to be able to debug the program with ocamldebug(1) and to produce stack backtraces when the program terminates on an uncaught exception.
- -i
- Cause the compiler to print all defined names (with their inferred types or their definitions) when compiling an implementation (.ml file). No compiled files (.cmo and .cmi files) are produced. This can be useful to check the types inferred by the compiler. Also, since the output follows the syntax of interfaces, it can help in writing an explicit interface (.mli file) for a file: just redirect the standard output of the compiler to a .mli file, and edit that file to remove all declarations of unexported names.
- -I directory
- Add the given directory to the list of directories searched
for compiled interface files (.cmi), compiled object code files (.cmo),
libraries (.cma), and C libraries specified with -cclib -l
xxx. By default, the current directory is searched first, then the
standard library directory. Directories added with -I are searched
after the current directory, in the order in which they were given on the
command line, but before the standard library directory.
- -impl filename
- Compile the file filename as an implementation file, even if its extension is not .ml.
- -intf filename
- Compile the file filename as an interface file, even if its extension is not .mli.
- -intf-suffix string
- Recognize file names ending with string as interface files (instead of the default .mli).
- -labels
- Labels are not ignored in types, labels may be used in applications, and labelled parameters can be given in any order. This is the default.
- -linkall
- Force all modules contained in libraries to be linked in. If this flag is not given, unreferenced modules are not linked in. When building a library (option -a), setting the -linkall option forces all subsequent links of programs involving that library to link all the modules contained in the library.
- -make-runtime
- Build a custom runtime system (in the file specified by option -o) incorporating the C object files and libraries given on the command line. This custom runtime system can be used later to execute bytecode executables produced with the option ocamlc -use-runtime runtime-name.
- -noassert
- Do not compile assertion checks. Note that the special form assert false is always compiled because it is typed specially. This flag has no effect when linking already-compiled files.
- -noautolink
- When linking .cma libraries, ignore -custom, -cclib and -ccopt options potentially contained in the libraries (if these options were given when building the libraries). This can be useful if a library contains incorrect specifications of C libraries or C options; in this case, during linking, set -noautolink and pass the correct C libraries and options on the command line.
- -nolabels
- Ignore non-optional labels in types. Labels cannot be used in applications, and parameter order becomes strict.
- -o exec-file
- Specify the name of the output file produced by the linker. The default output name is a.out, in keeping with the Unix tradition. If the -a option is given, specify the name of the library produced. If the -pack option is given, specify the name of the packed object file produced. If the -output-obj option is given, specify the name of the output file produced.
- -output-obj
- Cause the linker to produce a C object file instead of a bytecode executable file. This is useful to wrap Caml code as a C library, callable from any C program. The name of the output object file is camlprog.o by default; it can be set with the -o option. This option can also be used to produce a C source file (.c extension) or a compiled shared/dynamic library (.so extension).
- -pack
- Build a bytecode object file (.cmo file) and its associated compiled interface (.cmi) that combines the object files given on the command line, making them appear as sub-modules of the output .cmo file. The name of the output .cmo file must be given with the -o option. For instance, ocamlc -pack -o p.cmo a.cmo b.cmo c.cmo generates compiled files p.cmo and p.cmi describing a compilation unit having three sub-modules A, B and C, corresponding to the contents of the object files a.cmo, b.cmo and c.cmo. These contents can be referenced as P.A, P.B and P.C in the remainder of the program.
- -pp command
- Cause the compiler to call the given command as a preprocessor for each source file. The output of command is redirected to an intermediate file, which is compiled. If there are no compilation errors, the intermediate file is deleted afterwards. The name of this file is built from the basename of the source file with the extension .ppi for an interface (.mli) file and .ppo for an implementation (.ml) file.
- -principal
- Check information path during type-checking, to make sure that all types are derived in a principal way. When using labelled arguments and/or polymorphic methods, this flag is required to ensure future versions of the compiler will be able to infer types correctly, even if internal algorithms change. All programs accepted in -principal mode are also accepted in the default mode with equivalent types, but different binary signatures, and this may slow down type checking; yet it is a good idea to use it once before publishing source code.
- -rectypes
- Allow arbitrary recursive types during type-checking. By default, only recursive types where the recursion goes through an object type are supported. Note that once you have created an interface using this flag, you must use it again for all dependencies.
- -thread
- Compile or link multithreaded programs, in combination with the system "threads" library described in The Objective Caml user's manual.
- -unsafe
- Turn bound checking off for array and string accesses (the v.(i)ands.[i] constructs). Programs compiled with -unsafe are therefore slightly faster, but unsafe: anything can happen if the program accesses an array or string outside of its bounds.
- -use-runtime runtime-name
- Generate a bytecode executable file that can be executed on the custom runtime system runtime-name, built earlier with ocamlc -make-runtime runtime-name.
- -v
- Print the version number of the compiler and the location of the standard library directory, then exit.
- -verbose
- Print all external commands before they are executed, in particular invocations of the C compiler and linker in -custom mode. Useful to debug C library problems.
- -vnumor-version
- Print the version number of the compiler in short form (e.g. "3.11.0"), then exit.
- -vmthread
- Compile or link multithreaded programs, in combination with the VM-level threads library described in The Objective Caml user's manual.
- -w warning-list
- Enable, disable, or mark as errors the warnings specified
by the argument warning-list.
- The default setting is -w +a-4-6-9-27-28-29. Note that warnings 5 and 10 are not always triggered, depending on the internals of the type checker.
- -warn-error warning-list
- Mark as errors the warnings specified in the argument
warning-list. The compiler will stop with an error when one of
these warnings is emitted. The warning-list has the same meaning as
for the -w option: a + sign (or an uppercase letter) turns
the corresponding warnings into errors, a - sign (or a lowercase
letter) turns them back into warnings, and a @ sign both enables
and marks the corresponding warnings.
- -where
- Print the location of the standard library, then exit.
- - file
- Process file as a file name, even if it starts with a dash (-) character.
- -help or --help
- Display a short usage summary and exit.