NAME¶
Munin::Plugin - Utility functions for Perl Munin plugins.
Usage¶
use lib $ENV{'MUNIN_LIBDIR'};
use Munin::Plugin;
If your Munin installation predates the MUNIN_* environment variables
(introduced in 1.3.3) you can put this in your plugin configuration:
[*]
env.MUNIN_PLUGSTATE /var/lib/munin-node/plugin-state
env.MUNIN_LIBDIR /usr/share/munin
IF, indeed that is the munin plugin state directory. The default install
directory for Munin::Plugin is in Perl's module search path, the "use
lib" is there for the cases where this is not so, and the variable needs
to be set to stop Perl from complaining.
The module exports these functions: clean_fieldname, set_state_name, save_state,
restore_state, tail_open, tail_close.
Variables¶
The module instantiates a number of variables in the $Munin::Plugin scope. None
of these are exported, and they must be referenced by the full names shown
here.
$Munin::Plugin::me
The name of the plugin without any prefixing directory names and so on. Same as
"basename $0" in a shell. It is a very good idea to use this in
warning and/or error messages so that the logs show clearly what plugin the
error message comes from.
$Munin::Plugin::pluginstatedir
Identical to the environment variable MUNIN_PLUGSTATE (available since Munin
1.3.3)
You can use this if you need to save several different state files. But there is
also a function to change the state file name so the state file support
functions can be used for several state files.
If its value cannot be determined the plugin will be aborted at once with an
explanatory message. The most likely causes are:
- •
- You are running the plugin directly and not from munin-node
or munin-run;
- •
- Your munin-node is too old;
- •
- munin-node was installed incorrectly.
The two last points can be worked around by the plugin configuration shown at
the beginning of this document.
$Munin::Plugin::statefile
The automatically calculated name for the plugins state file. The name is
supplied by munin-node or munin-run (in the MUNIN_STATEFILE environment
variable). The file name contains the plugin name and the IP address of the
munin-master the node is talking to (munin-run leaves the master part blank).
This enables stateful plugins that calculate gauges and assume a 5 minute run
interval to work correctly in setups with multiple masters (this is not a
uncommon way to set up Munin).
To change the value of this please use the set_state_name($) procedure (see
below).
$Munin::Plugin::DEBUG
Set to true if the plugin should emit debug output. There are some (but not
many) debug print statements in the Module as well, which all obey this
variable. Set from the MUNIN_DEBUG environment variable. Defaults to false
(0).
Functions¶
$fieldname = clean_fieldname($input_fieldname)
Munin plugin field names are restricted with regards to what characters they may
use: The characters must be "[a-zA-Z0-9_]", while the first
character must be "[a-zA-Z_]". To satisfy these demands the function
replaces illegal characters with a '_'.
See also
http://munin-monitoring.org/wiki/notes_on_datasource_names
<
http://munin-monitoring.org/wiki/notes_on_datasource_names>
set_state_name($statefile_name)
Override the default statefile name. This only modifies the filename part, not
the directory name. The function unconditionally appends
"-$MUNIN_MASTER_IP" to the file name to support multiple masters as
described in the documentation for the statefile variable (above).
Calling this function is not normally needed and is not recommended.
save_state(@state_vector)
Save the passed state vector to the state file appropriate for the plugin. The
state vector should contain only strings (or numbers), and absolutely no
objects or references. The strings may contain newlines without ill effect.
If the file cannot be opened for writing the plugin will be aborted.
The state file name is determined automatically based on the name of the process
we're running as. See $Munin::Plugin::me, $Munin::Plugin::statefile and
set_state_name above about the file name.
The file will contain a starting line with a magic number so that the library
can see the difference between an actual state file and a file containing
rubbsh. Currently this magic number is '%MUNIN-STATE1.0\n'. Files with this
magic number will contain the vector verbatim with \r, \n and % URL encoded.
The function takes security precautions, like protesting fataly if the state
file is a symbolic link (symbolic link overwriting can have unfortunate
security ramifications).
@state_vector = restore_state()
Read state from the state file written by save_state(@). If everything is OK the
state vector will be returned.
undef will be returned if the file cannot be opened. Likewise if it does not
have a recognized magic number (in this case a warning will also be printed,
which will appear in the munin-node logs).
($warning, $critical) = get_thresholds($field, [$warning_env,
[$critical_env]])
Look up the thresholds for the specified field from the environment variables
named after the field: "$field_warning" and
"$field_critical". Return their values. If there are no
$field_warning or $field_critical values then look for the variables
"warning" and "critical" and return those values if any.
IFF the second and/or third arguments are specified then they will be used to
specify the name of variables giving the the warning and critical levels.
If no values are found for a threshold then undef is returned.
print_thresholds($field, [$warning_env, [$critical_env]])
If $field has warning or critical thresholds set for it, prints them in the
default fashion (eg. 'field.warning 42').
See get_thresholds for an explanation of the arguments.
adjust_threshold($threshold, $base)
If $threshold contains % signs, return a new threshold with adjusted values for
these percentages against $base.
($file_handle,$rotated) = tail_open($file_name, $position)
Open the file and seek to the given position. If this position is beyond the end
of the file the function assumes that the file has been rotated, and the file
position will be at the start of the file.
If the file is opened OK the function returns a tuple consisting of the file
handle and a file rotation indicator. $rotated will be 1 if the file has been
rotated and 0 otherwise. Also, if the file was rotated a warning is printed
(this can be found in the munin-node log or seen in the terminal when using
munin-run).
At this point the plugin can read from the file with <$file_handle> in
loop as usual until EOF is encountered.
If the file cannot be stat'ed "(undef,undef)" is returned. If the file
cannot be opened for reading the plugin is aborted with a error in the
interest of error-obviousness.
$position = tail_close($file_handle)
Close the the file and return the current position in the file. This position
can be stored in a state file until the next time the plugin runs.
If the "close" system call fails, a warning will be printed (which can
be found in the munin-node log or seen when using munin-run).
$string = scaleNumber($number, $unit,
$ifZero , $format);
Returns a string representation of the given number scaled in SI prefixes such
as G(iga), M(ega), and k(ilo), m(illi), u (for micro) and so on for magnitudes
from 10^-24 to 10^24.
The $unit is the base unit for the number and is appended to the prefix.
The contents of $ifZero is used if the number is 0 (smaller than 10^-26),
instead of any other string. In some contexts "" (empty string) is
most appropriate and sometimes "0" without any scale or prefix is
more appropriate.
$format can be any valid Perl printf format string. The default is
"%.1f%s%s".
The $format may be specified as a whole string such as "The interface speed
is %.1f%s%s.". In that case, $ifZero could be set to "The interface
is down" -- some equipment uses an interface speed of 0 for a downed
interface, and some don't.
need_multigraph()
Should be called at the top of all multigraph plugins.
Checks the current environment, and exits with appropriate output if it doesn't
support multigraph plugins.
Testing
There is some test stuff in this module.
Test like this:
MUNIN_PLUGSTATE=/var/lib/munin-node/plugin-state -e 'require "Plugin.pm.in"; Munin::Plugin::_test;' -- or something.
sub _test () {
my $pos;
my $fh;
my $reset;
warn "Testing tail and state file. Press ^C to stop\n";
do {
$pos = undef;
($pos) = restore_state();
$pos = 0 unless defined($pos);
($fh,$reset) = tail_open('/var/log/messages',$pos);
while (<$fh>) {
print;
}
$pos = tail_close($fh);
print "**Position is $pos\n";
save_state($pos);
} while sleep 1;
}