NAME¶
tiffcp - copy (and possibly convert) a
TIFF file
SYNOPSIS¶
tiffcp [
options ]
src1.tif ... srcN.tif dst.tif
DESCRIPTION¶
tiffcp combines one or more files created according to the Tag Image File
Format, Revision 6.0 into a single
TIFF file. Because the
output file may be compressed using a different algorithm than the input
files,
tiffcp is most often used to convert between different
compression schemes.
By default,
tiffcp will copy all the understood tags in a
TIFF directory of an input file to the associated directory in
the output file.
tiffcp can be used to reorganize the storage characteristics of data in a
file, but it is explicitly intended to not alter or convert the image data
content in any way.
OPTIONS¶
- -b image
- subtract the following monochrome image from all others
processed. This can be used to remove a noise bias from a set of images.
This bias image is typically an image of noise the camera saw with its
shutter closed.
- -B
- Force output to be written with Big-Endian byte order. This
option only has an effect when the output file is created or overwritten
and not when it is appended to.
- -C
- Suppress the use of ``strip chopping'' when reading images
that have a single strip/tile of uncompressed data.
- -c
- Specify the compression to use for data written to the
output file: none for no compression, packbits for PackBits
compression, lzw for Lempel-Ziv & Welch compression, zip
for Deflate compression, lzma for LZMA2 compression, jpeg
for baseline JPEG compression, g3 for CCITT Group 3 (T.4)
compression, and g4 for CCITT Group 4 (T.6) compression. By default
tiffcp will compress data according to the value of the
Compression tag found in the source file.
- The CCITT Group 3 and Group 4 compression
algorithms can only be used with bilevel data.
- Group 3 compression can be specified together with several
T.4-specific options: 1d for 1-dimensional encoding, 2d for
2-dimensional encoding, and fill to force each encoded scanline to
be zero-filled so that the terminating EOL code lies on a byte boundary.
Group 3-specific options are specified by appending a ``:''-separated list
to the ``g3'' option; e.g. -c g3:2d:fill to get 2D-encoded data
with byte-aligned EOL codes.
- LZW, Deflate and LZMA2
compression can be specified together with a predictor value. A
predictor value of 2 causes each scanline of the output image to undergo
horizontal differencing before it is encoded; a value of 1 forces each
scanline to be encoded without differencing. A value 3 is for floating
point predictor which you can use if the encoded data are in floating
point format. LZW-specific options are specified by appending a
``:''-separated list to the ``lzw'' option; e.g. -c lzw:2 for
LZW compression with horizontal differencing.
- Deflate and LZMA2 encoders
support various compression levels (or encoder presets) set as character
``p'' and a preset number. ``p1'' is the fastest one with the worst
compression ratio and ``p9'' is the slowest but with the best possible
ratio; e.g. -c zip:3:p9 for Deflate encoding with
maximum compression level and floating point predictor.
- -f
- Specify the bit fill order to use in writing output data.
By default, tiffcp will create a new file with the same fill order
as the original. Specifying -f lsb2msb will force data to be
written with the FillOrder tag set to LSB2MSB, while -f
msb2lsb will force data to be written with the FillOrder tag set to
MSB2LSB.
- -i
- Ignore non-fatal read errors and continue processing of the
input file.
- -l
- Specify the length of a tile (in pixels). tiffcp
attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8 kilobytes of
data appear in a tile.
- -L
- Force output to be written with Little-Endian byte order.
This option only has an effect when the output file is created or
overwritten and not when it is appended to.
- -M
- Suppress the use of memory-mapped files when reading
images.
- -p
- Specify the planar configuration to use in writing image
data that has one 8-bit sample per pixel. By default, tiffcp will
create a new file with the same planar configuration as the original.
Specifying -p contig will force data to be written with
multi-sample data packed together, while -p separate will force
samples to be written in separate planes.
- -r
- Specify the number of rows (scanlines) in each strip of
data written to the output file. By default (or when value 0 is
specified), tiffcp attempts to set the rows/strip that no more than
8 kilobytes of data appear in a strip. If you specify special value
-1 it will results in infinite number of the rows per strip. The
entire image will be the one strip in that case.
- -s
- Force the output file to be written with data organized in
strips (rather than tiles).
- -t
- Force the output file to be written with data organized in
tiles (rather than strips). options can be used to force the resultant
image to be written as strips or tiles of data, respectively.
- -w
- Specify the width of a tile (in pixels). tiffcp
attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8 kilobytes of
data appear in a tile. tiffcp attempts to set the tile dimensions
so that no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a tile.
- -x
- Force the output file to be written with PAGENUMBER value
in sequence.
- -,=character
- substitute character for `,' in parsing image
directory indices in files. This is necessary if filenames contain commas.
Note that -,= with whitespace immediately following will disable
the special meaning of the `,' entirely. See examples.
EXAMPLES¶
The following concatenates two files and writes the result using
LZW encoding:
tiffcp -c lzw a.tif b.tif result.tif
To convert a G3 1d-encoded
TIFF to a single strip of G4-encoded
data the following might be used:
tiffcp -c g4 -r 10000 g3.tif g4.tif
(1000 is just a number that is larger than the number of rows in the source
file.)
To extract a selected set of images from a multi-image TIFF file, the file name
may be immediately followed by a `,' separated list of image directory
indices. The first image is always in directory 0. Thus, to copy the 1st and
3rd images of image file ``album.tif'' to ``result.tif'':
tiffcp album.tif,0,2 result.tif
A trailing comma denotes remaining images in sequence. The following command
will copy all image with except the first one:
tiffcp album.tif,1, result.tif
Given file ``CCD.tif'' whose first image is a noise bias followed by images
which include that bias, subtract the noise from all those images following it
(while decompressing) with the command:
tiffcp -c none -b CCD.tif CCD.tif,1, result.tif
If the file above were named ``CCD,X.tif'', the
-,= option would be
required to correctly parse this filename with image numbers, as follows:
tiffcp -c none -,=% -b CCD,X.tif CCD,X%1%.tif result.tif
SEE ALSO¶
pal2rgb(1),
tiffinfo(1),
tiffcmp(1),
tiffmedian(1),
tiffsplit(1),
libtiff(3TIFF)
Libtiff library home page:
http://www.remotesensing.org/libtiff/