NAME¶
Text::CSV - comma-separated values manipulator (using XS or PurePerl)
SYNOPSIS¶
use Text::CSV;
my @rows;
my $csv = Text::CSV->new ( { binary => 1 } ) # should set binary attribute.
or die "Cannot use CSV: ".Text::CSV->error_diag ();
open my $fh, "<:encoding(utf8)", "test.csv" or die "test.csv: $!";
while ( my $row = $csv->getline( $fh ) ) {
$row->[2] =~ m/pattern/ or next; # 3rd field should match
push @rows, $row;
}
$csv->eof or $csv->error_diag();
close $fh;
$csv->eol ("\r\n");
open $fh, ">:encoding(utf8)", "new.csv" or die "new.csv: $!";
$csv->print ($fh, $_) for @rows;
close $fh or die "new.csv: $!";
#
# parse and combine style
#
$status = $csv->combine(@columns); # combine columns into a string
$line = $csv->string(); # get the combined string
$status = $csv->parse($line); # parse a CSV string into fields
@columns = $csv->fields(); # get the parsed fields
$status = $csv->status (); # get the most recent status
$bad_argument = $csv->error_input (); # get the most recent bad argument
$diag = $csv->error_diag (); # if an error occured, explains WHY
$status = $csv->print ($io, $colref); # Write an array of fields
# immediately to a file $io
$colref = $csv->getline ($io); # Read a line from file $io,
# parse it and return an array
# ref of fields
$csv->column_names (@names); # Set column names for getline_hr ()
$ref = $csv->getline_hr ($io); # getline (), but returns a hashref
$eof = $csv->eof (); # Indicate if last parse or
# getline () hit End Of File
$csv->types(\@t_array); # Set column types
DESCRIPTION¶
Text::CSV provides facilities for the composition and decomposition of
comma-separated values using Text::CSV_XS or its pure Perl version.
An instance of the Text::CSV class can combine fields into a CSV string and
parse a CSV string into fields.
The module accepts either strings or files as input and can utilize any
user-specified characters as delimiters, separators, and escapes so it is
perhaps better called ASV (anything separated values) rather than just CSV.
VERSION¶
1.21
This module is compatible with Text::CSV_XS
0.80 and later.
Embedded newlines¶
Important Note: The default behavior is to only accept ASCII characters.
This means that fields can not contain newlines. If your data contains
newlines embedded in fields, or characters above 0x7e (tilde), or binary data,
you *must* set "binary => 1" in the call to "new ()".
To cover the widest range of parsing options, you will always want to set
binary.
But you still have the problem that you have to pass a correct line to the
"parse ()" method, which is more complicated from the usual point of
usage:
my $csv = Text::CSV->new ({ binary => 1, eol => $/ });
while (<>) { # WRONG!
$csv->parse ($_);
my @fields = $csv->fields ();
will break, as the while might read broken lines, as that does not care about
the quoting. If you need to support embedded newlines, the way to go is either
my $csv = Text::CSV->new ({ binary => 1, eol => $/ });
while (my $row = $csv->getline (*ARGV)) {
my @fields = @$row;
or, more safely in perl 5.6 and up
my $csv = Text::CSV->new ({ binary => 1, eol => $/ });
open my $io, "<", $file or die "$file: $!";
while (my $row = $csv->getline ($io)) {
my @fields = @$row;
Unicode (UTF8)¶
On parsing (both for "getline ()" and "parse ()"), if the
source is marked being UTF8, then all fields that are marked binary will also
be be marked UTF8.
For complete control over encoding, please use Text::CSV::Encoded:
use Text::CSV::Encoded;
my $csv = Text::CSV::Encoded->new ({
encoding_in => "iso-8859-1", # the encoding comes into Perl
encoding_out => "cp1252", # the encoding comes out of Perl
});
$csv = Text::CSV::Encoded->new ({ encoding => "utf8" });
# combine () and print () accept *literally* utf8 encoded data
# parse () and getline () return *literally* utf8 encoded data
$csv = Text::CSV::Encoded->new ({ encoding => undef }); # default
# combine () and print () accept UTF8 marked data
# parse () and getline () return UTF8 marked data
On combining ("print ()" and "combine ()"), if any of the
combining fields was marked UTF8, the resulting string will be marked UTF8.
Note however if the backend module is Text::CSV_XS, that all fields
"before" the first field that was marked UTF8 and contained 8-bit
characters that were not upgraded to UTF8, these will be bytes in the
resulting string too, causing errors. If you pass data of different encoding,
or you don't know if there is different encoding, force it to be upgraded
before you pass them on:
# backend = Text::CSV_XS
$csv->print ($fh, [ map { utf8::upgrade (my $x = $_); $x } @data ]);
SPECIFICATION¶
See to "SPECIFICATION" in Text::CSV_XS.
FUNCTIONS¶
These methods are common between XS and puer Perl version. Most of the document
was shamelessly copied and replaced from Text::CSV_XS.
version ()¶
(Class method) Returns the current backend module version. If you want the
module version, you can use the "VERSION" method,
print Text::CSV->VERSION; # This module version
print Text::CSV->version; # The version of the worker module
# same as Text::CSV->backend->version
new (\%attr)¶
(Class method) Returns a new instance of Text::CSV_XS. The objects attributes
are described by the (optional) hash ref "\%attr". Currently the
following attributes are available:
- eol
- An end-of-line string to add to rows. "undef" is
replaced with an empty string. The default is "$\". Common
values for "eol" are "\012" (Line Feed) or
"\015\012" (Carriage Return, Line Feed). Cannot be longer than 7
(ASCII) characters.
If both $/ and "eol" equal "\015", parsing lines that
end on only a Carriage Return without Line Feed, will be
"parse"d correct. Line endings, whether in $/ or
"eol", other than "undef", "\n",
"\r\n", or "\r" are not (yet) supported for
parsing.
- sep_char
- The char used for separating fields, by default a comma.
(","). Limited to a single-byte character, usually in the range
from 0x20 (space) to 0x7e (tilde).
The separation character can not be equal to the quote character. The
separation character can not be equal to the escape character.
See also "CAVEATS" in Text::CSV_XS
- allow_whitespace
- When this option is set to true, whitespace (TAB's and
SPACE's) surrounding the separation character is removed when parsing. If
either TAB or SPACE is one of the three major characters
"sep_char", "quote_char", or "escape_char"
it will not be considered whitespace.
So lines like:
1 , "foo" , bar , 3 , zapp
are now correctly parsed, even though it violates the CSV specs.
Note that all whitespace is stripped from start and end of each
field. That would make it more a feature than a way to be able to
parse bad CSV lines, as
1, 2.0, 3, ape , monkey
will now be parsed as
("1", "2.0", "3", "ape", "monkey")
even if the original line was perfectly sane CSV.
- blank_is_undef
- Under normal circumstances, CSV data makes no distinction
between quoted- and unquoted empty fields. They both end up in an empty
string field once read, so
1,"",," ",2
is read as
("1", "", "", " ", "2")
When writing CSV files with "always_quote" set, the
unquoted empty field is the result of an undefined value. To make it
possible to also make this distinction when reading CSV data, the
"blank_is_undef" option will cause unquoted empty fields to be
set to undef, causing the above to be parsed as
("1", "", undef, " ", "2")
- empty_is_undef
- Going one step further than "blank_is_undef",
this attribute converts all empty fields to undef, so
1,"",," ",2
is read as
(1, undef, undef, " ", 2)
Note that this only effects fields that are really empty, not fields
that are empty after stripping allowed whitespace. YMMV.
- quote_char
- The char used for quoting fields containing blanks, by
default the double quote character ("""). A value of undef
suppresses quote chars. (For simple cases only). Limited to a single-byte
character, usually in the range from 0x20 (space) to 0x7e (tilde).
The quote character can not be equal to the separation character.
- allow_loose_quotes
- By default, parsing fields that have "quote_char"
characters inside an unquoted field, like
1,foo "bar" baz,42
would result in a parse error. Though it is still bad practice to allow this
format, we cannot help there are some vendors that make their applications
spit out lines styled like this.
In case there is really bad CSV data, like
1,"foo "bar" baz",42
or
1,""foo bar baz"",42
there is a way to get that parsed, and leave the quotes inside the quoted
field as-is. This can be achieved by setting
"allow_loose_quotes" AND making sure that the
"escape_char" is not equal to
"quote_char".
- escape_char
- The character used for escaping certain characters inside
quoted fields. Limited to a single-byte character, usually in the range
from 0x20 (space) to 0x7e (tilde).
The "escape_char" defaults to being the literal double-quote mark
(""") in other words, the same as the default
"quote_char". This means that doubling the quote mark in a field
escapes it:
"foo","bar","Escape ""quote mark"" with two ""quote marks""","baz"
If you change the default quote_char without changing the default
escape_char, the escape_char will still be the quote mark. If instead you
want to escape the quote_char by doubling it, you will need to change the
escape_char to be the same as what you changed the quote_char to.
The escape character can not be equal to the separation character.
- allow_loose_escapes
- By default, parsing fields that have
"escape_char" characters that escape characters that do not need
to be escaped, like:
my $csv = Text::CSV->new ({ escape_char => "\\" });
$csv->parse (qq{1,"my bar\'s",baz,42});
would result in a parse error. Though it is still bad practice to allow this
format, this option enables you to treat all escape character sequences
equal.
- binary
- If this attribute is TRUE, you may use binary characters in
quoted fields, including line feeds, carriage returns and NULL bytes. (The
latter must be escaped as ""0".) By default this feature is
off.
If a string is marked UTF8, binary will be turned on automatically when
binary characters other than CR or NL are encountered. Note that a simple
string like "\x{00a0}" might still be binary, but not marked
UTF8, so setting "{ binary => 1 }" is still a wise
option.
- types
- A set of column types; this attribute is immediately passed
to the types method below. You must not set this attribute
otherwise, except for using the types method. For details see the
description of the types method below.
- always_quote
- By default the generated fields are quoted only, if they
need to, for example, if they contain the separator. If you set this
attribute to a TRUE value, then all defined fields will be quoted. This is
typically easier to handle in external applications.
- quote_space
- By default, a space in a field would trigger quotation. As
no rule exists this to be forced in CSV, nor any for the opposite, the
default is true for safety. You can exclude the space from this trigger by
setting this option to 0.
- quote_null
- By default, a NULL byte in a field would be escaped. This
attribute enables you to treat the NULL byte as a simple binary character
in binary mode (the "{ binary => 1 }" is set). The default is
true. You can prevent NULL escapes by setting this attribute to 0.
- keep_meta_info
- By default, the parsing of input lines is as simple and
fast as possible. However, some parsing information - like quotation of
the original field - is lost in that process. Set this flag to true to be
able to retrieve that information after parsing with the methods
"meta_info ()", "is_quoted ()", and "is_binary
()" described below. Default is false.
- verbatim
- This is a quite controversial attribute to set, but it
makes hard things possible.
The basic thought behind this is to tell the parser that the normally
special characters newline (NL) and Carriage Return (CR) will not be
special when this flag is set, and be dealt with as being ordinary binary
characters. This will ease working with data with embedded newlines.
When "verbatim" is used with "getline ()", "getline
()" auto-chomp's every line.
Imagine a file format like
M^^Hans^Janssen^Klas 2\n2A^Ja^11-06-2007#\r\n
where, the line ending is a very specific "#\r\n", and the
sep_char is a ^ (caret). None of the fields is quoted, but embedded binary
data is likely to be present. With the specific line ending, that shouldn
not be too hard to detect.
By default, Text::CSV' parse function however is instructed to only know
about "\n" and "\r" to be legal line endings, and so
has to deal with the embedded newline as a real end-of-line, so it can
scan the next line if binary is true, and the newline is inside a quoted
field. With this attribute however, we can tell parse () to parse the line
as if \n is just nothing more than a binary character.
For parse () this means that the parser has no idea about line ending
anymore, and getline () chomps line endings on reading.
- auto_diag
- Set to true will cause "error_diag ()" to be
automatically be called in void context upon errors.
If set to a value greater than 1, it will die on errors instead of warn.
To check future plans and a difference in XS version, please see to
"auto_diag" in Text::CSV_XS.
To sum it up,
$csv = Text::CSV->new ();
is equivalent to
$csv = Text::CSV->new ({
quote_char => '"',
escape_char => '"',
sep_char => ',',
eol => $\,
always_quote => 0,
quote_space => 1,
quote_null => 1,
binary => 0,
keep_meta_info => 0,
allow_loose_quotes => 0,
allow_loose_escapes => 0,
allow_whitespace => 0,
blank_is_undef => 0,
empty_is_undef => 0,
verbatim => 0,
auto_diag => 0,
});
For all of the above mentioned flags, there is an accessor method available
where you can inquire for the current value, or change the value
my $quote = $csv->quote_char;
$csv->binary (1);
It is unwise to change these settings halfway through writing CSV data to a
stream. If however, you want to create a new stream using the available CSV
object, there is no harm in changing them.
If the "new ()" constructor call fails, it returns "undef",
and makes the fail reason available through the "error_diag ()"
method.
$csv = Text::CSV->new ({ ecs_char => 1 }) or
die "" . Text::CSV->error_diag ();
"error_diag ()" will return a string like
"INI - Unknown attribute 'ecs_char'"
print¶
$status = $csv->print ($io, $colref);
Similar to "combine () + string () + print", but more efficient. It
expects an array ref as input (not an array!) and the resulting string is not
really created (XS version), but immediately written to the
$io object, typically an IO handle or any other object
that offers a
print method. Note, this implies that the following is
wrong in perl 5.005_xx and older:
open FILE, ">", "whatever";
$status = $csv->print (\*FILE, $colref);
as in perl 5.005 and older, the glob "\*FILE" is not an object, thus
it does not have a print method. The solution is to use an IO::File object or
to hide the glob behind an IO::Wrap object. See IO::File and IO::Wrap for
details.
For performance reasons the print method doesn't create a result string. (If its
backend is PP version, result strings are created internally.) In particular
the
$csv->string (),
$csv->status
(),
$csv-fields ()> and
$csv->error_input () methods are meaningless after
executing this method.
combine¶
$status = $csv->combine (@columns);
This object function constructs a CSV string from the arguments, returning
success or failure. Failure can result from lack of arguments or an argument
containing an invalid character. Upon success, "string ()" can be
called to retrieve the resultant CSV string. Upon failure, the value returned
by "string ()" is undefined and "error_input ()" can be
called to retrieve an invalid argument.
string¶
$line = $csv->string ();
This object function returns the input to "parse ()" or the resultant
CSV string of "combine ()", whichever was called more recently.
getline¶
$colref = $csv->getline ($io);
This is the counterpart to print, like parse is the counterpart to combine: It
reads a row from the IO object $io using $io->getline () and parses this
row into an array ref. This array ref is returned by the function or undef for
failure.
When fields are bound with "bind_columns ()", the return value is a
reference to an empty list.
The
$csv->string (),
$csv->fields
() and
$csv->status () methods are meaningless,
again.
getline_all¶
$arrayref = $csv->getline_all ($io);
$arrayref = $csv->getline_all ($io, $offset);
$arrayref = $csv->getline_all ($io, $offset, $length);
This will return a reference to a list of "getline ($io)" results. In
this call, "keep_meta_info" is disabled. If $offset is negative, as
with "splice ()", only the last "abs ($offset)" records of
$io are taken into consideration.
Given a CSV file with 10 lines:
lines call
----- ---------------------------------------------------------
0..9 $csv->getline_all ($io) # all
0..9 $csv->getline_all ($io, 0) # all
8..9 $csv->getline_all ($io, 8) # start at 8
- $csv->getline_all ($io, 0, 0) # start at 0 first 0 rows
0..4 $csv->getline_all ($io, 0, 5) # start at 0 first 5 rows
4..5 $csv->getline_all ($io, 4, 2) # start at 4 first 2 rows
8..9 $csv->getline_all ($io, -2) # last 2 rows
6..7 $csv->getline_all ($io, -4, 2) # first 2 of last 4 rows
parse¶
$status = $csv->parse ($line);
This object function decomposes a CSV string into fields, returning success or
failure. Failure can result from a lack of argument or the given CSV string is
improperly formatted. Upon success, "fields ()" can be called to
retrieve the decomposed fields . Upon failure, the value returned by
"fields ()" is undefined and "error_input ()" can be
called to retrieve the invalid argument.
You may use the
types () method for setting column types. See the
description below.
getline_hr¶
The "getline_hr ()" and "column_names ()" methods work
together to allow you to have rows returned as hashrefs. You must call
"column_names ()" first to declare your column names.
$csv->column_names (qw( code name price description ));
$hr = $csv->getline_hr ($io);
print "Price for $hr->{name} is $hr->{price} EUR\n";
"getline_hr ()" will croak if called before "column_names
()".
getline_hr_all¶
$arrayref = $csv->getline_hr_all ($io);
$arrayref = $csv->getline_hr_all ($io, $offset);
$arrayref = $csv->getline_hr_all ($io, $offset, $length);
This will return a reference to a list of "getline_hr ($io)" results.
In this call, "keep_meta_info" is disabled.
column_names¶
Set the keys that will be used in the "getline_hr ()" calls. If no
keys (column names) are passed, it'll return the current setting.
"column_names ()" accepts a list of scalars (the column names) or a
single array_ref, so you can pass "getline ()"
$csv->column_names ($csv->getline ($io));
"column_names ()" does
no checking on duplicates at all, which
might lead to unwanted results. Undefined entries will be replaced with the
string "\cAUNDEF\cA", so
$csv->column_names (undef, "", "name", "name");
$hr = $csv->getline_hr ($io);
Will set "$hr-"{"\cAUNDEF\cA"}> to the 1st field,
"$hr-"{""}> to the 2nd field, and
"$hr-"{name}> to the 4th field, discarding the 3rd field.
"column_names ()" croaks on invalid arguments.
bind_columns¶
Takes a list of references to scalars to store the fields fetched "getline
()" in. When you don't pass enough references to store the fetched fields
in, "getline ()" will fail. If you pass more than there are fields
to return, the remaining references are left untouched.
$csv->bind_columns (\$code, \$name, \$price, \$description);
while ($csv->getline ($io)) {
print "The price of a $name is \x{20ac} $price\n";
}
eof¶
$eof = $csv->eof ();
If "parse ()" or "getline ()" was used with an IO stream,
this method will return true (1) if the last call hit end of file, otherwise
it will return false (''). This is useful to see the difference between a
failure and end of file.
types¶
$csv->types (\@tref);
This method is used to force that columns are of a given type. For example, if
you have an integer column, two double columns and a string column, then you
might do a
$csv->types ([Text::CSV::IV (),
Text::CSV::NV (),
Text::CSV::NV (),
Text::CSV::PV ()]);
Column types are used only for decoding columns, in other words by the
parse
() and
getline () methods.
You can unset column types by doing a
$csv->types (undef);
or fetch the current type settings with
$types = $csv->types ();
- IV
- Set field type to integer.
- NV
- Set field type to numeric/float.
- PV
- Set field type to string.
fields¶
@columns = $csv->fields ();
This object function returns the input to "combine ()" or the
resultant decomposed fields of C successful <parse ()>, whichever was
called more recently.
Note that the return value is undefined after using "getline ()",
which does not fill the data structures returned by "parse ()".
@flags = $csv->meta_info ();
This object function returns the flags of the input to "combine ()" or
the flags of the resultant decomposed fields of "parse ()",
whichever was called more recently.
For each field, a meta_info field will hold flags that tell something about the
field returned by the "fields ()" method or passed to the
"combine ()" method. The flags are bit-wise-or'd like:
- 0x0001
- The field was quoted.
- 0x0002
- The field was binary.
See the "is_*** ()" methods below.
is_quoted¶
my $quoted = $csv->is_quoted ($column_idx);
Where $column_idx is the (zero-based) index of the column in the last result of
"parse ()".
This returns a true value if the data in the indicated column was enclosed in
"quote_char" quotes. This might be important for data where
",20070108," is to be treated as a numeric value, and where
","20070108"," is explicitly marked as character string
data.
is_binary¶
my $binary = $csv->is_binary ($column_idx);
Where $column_idx is the (zero-based) index of the column in the last result of
"parse ()".
This returns a true value if the data in the indicated column contained any byte
in the range [\x00-\x08,\x10-\x1F,\x7F-\xFF]
status¶
$status = $csv->status ();
This object function returns success (or failure) of "combine ()" or
"parse ()", whichever was called more recently.
$bad_argument = $csv->error_input ();
This object function returns the erroneous argument (if it exists) of
"combine ()" or "parse ()", whichever was called more
recently.
error_diag¶
Text::CSV->error_diag ();
$csv->error_diag ();
$error_code = 0 + $csv->error_diag ();
$error_str = "" . $csv->error_diag ();
($cde, $str, $pos) = $csv->error_diag ();
If (and only if) an error occured, this function returns the diagnostics of that
error.
If called in void context, it will print the internal error code and the
associated error message to STDERR.
If called in list context, it will return the error code and the error message
in that order. If the last error was from parsing, the third value returned is
the best guess at the location within the line that was being parsed. It's
value is 1-based.
Note: $pos returned by the backend Text::CSV_PP does not show the error point in
many cases (see to the below line). It is for conscience's sake in using
Text::CSV_PP.
If called in scalar context, it will return the diagnostics in a single scalar,
a-la $!. It will contain the error code in numeric context, and the
diagnostics message in string context.
Depending on the used worker module, returned diagnostics is diffferent.
Text::CSV_XS parses csv strings by dividing one character while Text::CSV_PP by
using the regular expressions. That difference makes the different cause of
the failure.
When called as a class method or a direct function call, the error diag is that
of the last "new ()" call.
SetDiag¶
$csv->SetDiag (0);
Use to reset the diagnostics if you are dealing with errors.
Some methods are Text::CSV only.¶
- backend
- Returns the backend module name called by Text::CSV.
"module" is an alias.
- is_xs
- Returns true value if Text::CSV or the object uses XS
module as worker.
- is_pp
- Returns true value if Text::CSV or the object uses
pure-Perl module as worker.
DIAGNOSTICS¶
If an error occured, $csv->error_diag () can be used to get more information
on the cause of the failure. Note that for speed reasons, the internal value
is never cleared on success, so using the value returned by error_diag () in
normal cases - when no error occured - may cause unexpected results.
This function changes depending on the used module (XS or PurePerl).
See to "DIAGNOSTICS" in Text::CSV_XS and "DIAGNOSTICS" in
Text::CSV_PP.
HISTORY AND WORKER MODULES¶
This module, Text::CSV was firstly written by Alan Citterman which could deal
with
only ascii characters. Then, Jochen Wiedmann wrote Text::CSV_XS
which has the
binary mode. This XS version is maintained by H.Merijn
Brand and Text::CSV_PP written by Makamaka was pure-Perl version of
Text::CSV_XS.
Now, Text::CSV was rewritten by Makamaka and become a wrapper to Text::CSV_XS or
Text::CSV_PP. Text::CSV_PP will be bundled in this distribution.
When you use Text::CSV, it calls a backend worker module - Text::CSV_XS or
Text::CSV_PP. By default, Text::CSV tries to use Text::CSV_XS which must be
complied and installed properly. If this call is fail, Text::CSV uses
Text::CSV_PP.
The required Text::CSV_XS version is
0.41 in Text::CSV version 1.03.
If you set an enviornment variable "PERL_TEXT_CSV", The calling action
will be changed.
- PERL_TEXT_CSV = 0
- PERL_TEXT_CSV = 'Text::CSV_PP'
- Always use Text::CSV_PP
- PERL_TEXT_CSV = 1
- PERL_TEXT_CSV = 'Text::CSV_XS,Text::CSV_PP'
- (The default) Use compiled Text::CSV_XS if it is properly
compiled & installed, otherwise use Text::CSV_PP
- PERL_TEXT_CSV = 2
- PERL_TEXT_CSV = 'Text::CSV_XS'
- Always use compiled Text::CSV_XS, die if it isn't properly
compiled & installed.
These ideas come from DBI::PurePerl mechanism.
example:
BEGIN { $ENV{PERL_TEXT_CSV} = 0 }
use Text::CSV; # always uses Text::CSV_PP
In future, it may be able to specify another module.
TODO¶
- Wrapper mechanism
- Currently the wrapper mechanism is to change symbolic table
for speed.
for my $method (@PublicMethods) {
*{"Text::CSV::$method"} = \&{"$class\::$method"};
}
But how about it - calling worker module object?
sub parse {
my $self = shift;
$self->{_WORKER_OBJECT}->parse(@_); # XS or PP CSV object
}
See to "TODO" in Text::CSV_XS and "TODO" in Text::CSV_PP.
SEE ALSO¶
Text::CSV_PP, Text::CSV_XS and Text::CSV::Encoded.
AUTHORS and MAINTAINERS¶
Alan Citterman
<alan[at]mfgrtl.com> wrote the original Perl module.
Please don't send mail concerning Text::CSV to Alan, as he's not a present
maintainer.
Jochen Wiedmann
<joe[at]ispsoft.de> rewrote the encoding and
decoding in C by implementing a simple finite-state machine and added the
variable quote, escape and separator characters, the binary mode and the print
and getline methods. See ChangeLog releases 0.10 through 0.23.
H.Merijn Brand
<h.m.brand[at]xs4all.nl> cleaned up the code, added
the field flags methods, wrote the major part of the test suite, completed the
documentation, fixed some RT bugs. See ChangeLog releases 0.25 and on.
Makamaka Hannyaharamitu, <makamaka[at]cpan.org> wrote Text::CSV_PP which
is the pure-Perl version of Text::CSV_XS.
New Text::CSV (since 0.99) is maintained by Makamaka.
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE¶
Text::CSV
Copyright (C) 1997 Alan Citterman. All rights reserved. Copyright (C) 2007-2009
Makamaka Hannyaharamitu.
Text::CSV_PP:
Copyright (C) 2005-2010 Makamaka Hannyaharamitu.
Text:CSV_XS:
Copyright (C) 2007-2010 H.Merijn Brand for PROCURA B.V. Copyright (C) 1998-2001
Jochen Wiedmann. All rights reserved. Portions Copyright (C) 1997 Alan
Citterman. All rights reserved.
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as Perl itself.