NAME¶
SOAP::Data - this class provides the means by which to explicitly manipulate and
control all aspects of the way in which Perl data gets expressed as SOAP data
entities.
DESCRIPTION¶
The SOAP::Data class provides the means by which to explicitly manipulate and
control all aspects of the way in which Perl data gets expressed as SOAP data
entities. Most of the methods are accessors, which like those in SOAP::Lite
are designed to return the current value if no new one is passed, while
returning the object reference otherwise (allowing for chained method calls).
Note that most accessors (except value) accept a new value for the data object
as a second argument.
METHODS¶
- new(optional key/value pairs)
-
$obj = SOAP::Data->new(name => 'idx', value => 5);
This is the class constructor. Almost all of the attributes related to the
class may be passed to the constructor as key/value pairs. This method
isn't often used directly because SOAP::Data objects are generally created
for temporary use. It is available for those situations that require
it.
- name(new name, optional value)
-
$obj->name('index');
Gets or sets the current value of the name, as the object regards it. The
name is what the serializer will use for the tag when generating the XML
for this object. It is what will become the accessor for the data element.
Optionally, the object's value may be updated if passed as a second
argument.
- type(new type, optional value)
-
$obj->type('int');
Gets or sets the type associated with the current value in the object. This
is useful for those cases where the SOAP::Data object is used to
explicitly specify the type of data that would otherwise be interpreted as
a different type completely (such as perceiving the string 123 as an
integer, instead). Allows the setting of the object's value, if passed as
a second argument to the method.
- uri(new uri, optional value)
-
$obj->uri('http://www.perl.com/SOAP');
Gets or sets the URI that will be used as the namespace for the resulting
XML entity, if one is desired. This doesn't set the label for the
namespace. If one isn't provided by means of the prefix method, one is
generated automatically when needed. Also allows the setting of the
object's value, if passed as a second argument to the method.
- prefix(new prefix, optional value)
-
$obj->prefix('perl');
Provides the prefix, or label, for use when associating the data object with
a specific namespace. Also allows the setting of the object's value, if
passed as a second argument to the method.
- attr(hash reference of attributes, optional value)
-
$obj->attr({ attr1 => 'value' });
Allows for the setting of arbitrary attributes on the data object. Keep in
mind the requirement that any attributes not natively known to SOAP must
be namespace-qualified. Also allows the setting of the object's value, if
passed as a second argument to the method.
- value(new value)
-
$obj->value(10);
Fetches the current value encapsulated by the object, or explicitly sets
it.
The last four methods are convenience shortcuts for the attributes that SOAP
itself supports. Each also permits inclusion of a new value, as an optional
second argument.
- actor(new actor, optional value)
-
$obj->actor($new_actor_name);
Gets or sets the value of the actor attribute; useful only when the object
generates an entity for the message header.
- mustUnderstand(boolean, optional value)
-
$obj->mustUnderstand(0);
Manipulates the mustUnderstand attribute, which tells the SOAP processor
whether it is required to understand the entity in question.
- encodingStyle(new encoding URN, optional value)
-
$obj->encodingStyle($soap_11_encoding);
This method is most likely to be used in places outside the header creation.
Sets encodingStyle, which specifies an encoding that differs from the one
that would otherwise be defaulted to.
- root(boolean, optional value)
-
$obj->root(1);
When the application must explicitly specify which data element is to be
regarded as the root element for the sake of generating the object model,
this method provides the access to the root attribute.
TYPE DETECTION¶
SOAP::Lite's serializer will detect the type of any scalar passed in as a
SOAP::Data object's value. Because Perl is loosely typed, the serializer is
only able to detect types based upon a predetermined set of regular
expressions. Therefore, type detection is not always 100% accurate. In such a
case you may need to explicitly set the type of the element being encoded. For
example, by default the following code will be serialized as an integer:
$elem = SOAP::Data->name('idx')->value(5);
If, however, you need to serialize this into a long, then the following code
will do so:
$elem = SOAP::Data->name('idx')->value(5)->type('long');
EXAMPLES¶
SIMPLE TYPES¶
The following example will all produce the same XML:
$elem1 = SOAP::Data->new(name => 'idx', value => 5);
$elem2 = SOAP::Data->name('idx' => 5);
$elem3 = SOAP::Data->name('idx')->value(5);
COMPLEX TYPES¶
A common question is how to do you created nested XML elements using SOAP::Lite.
The following example demonstrates how:
SOAP::Data->name('foo' => \SOAP::Data->value(
SOAP::Data->name('bar' => '123')));
The above code will produce the following XML:
<foo>
<bar>123</bar>
</foo>
ARRAYS¶
The following code:
$elem1 = SOAP::Data->name('item' => 123)->type('SomeObject');
$elem2 = SOAP::Data->name('item' => 456)->type('SomeObject');
push(@array,$elem1);
push(@array,$elem2);
my $client = SOAP::Lite
->readable(1)
->uri($NS)
->proxy($HOST);
$temp_elements = SOAP::Data
->name("CallDetails" => \SOAP::Data->value(
SOAP::Data->name("elem1" => 'foo'),
SOAP::Data->name("elem2" => 'baz'),
SOAP::Data->name("someArray" => \SOAP::Data->value(
SOAP::Data->name("someArrayItem" => @array)
->type("SomeObject"))
)->type("ArrayOf_SomeObject") ))
->type("SomeObject");
$response = $client->someMethod($temp_elements);
Will produce the following XML:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:namesp2="http://namespaces.soaplite.com/perl"
SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<namesp1:someMethod xmlns:namesp1="urn:TemperatureService">
<CallDetails xsi:type="namesp2:SomeObject">
<elem1 xsi:type="xsd:string">foo</elem1>
<elem2 xsi:type="xsd:string">baz</elem2>
<someArray xsi:type="namesp2:ArrayOf_SomeObject">
<item xsi:type="namesp2:SomeObject">123</bar>
<item xsi:type="namesp2:SomeObject">456</bar>
</someArray>
</CallDetails>
</namesp1:test>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
In the code above, the @array variable can be an array of anything. If you pass
in an array of numbers, then SOAP::Lite will properly serialize that into
such. If however you need to encode an array of complex types, then simply
pass in an array of other SOAP::Data objects and you are all set.
COMPOSING MESSAGES USING RAW XML¶
In some circumstances you may need to encode a message using raw unserialized
XML text. To instantiate a SOAP::Data object using raw XML, do the following:
$xml_content = "<foo><bar>123</bar></foo>";
$elem = SOAP::Data->type('xml' => $xml_content);
SOAP::Lite's serializer simple takes whatever text is passed to it, and inserts
into the encoded SOAP::Data element
verbatim. The text input is NOT
validated to ensure it is valid XML, nor is the resulting SOAP::Data element
validated to ensure that it will produce valid XML. Therefore, it is incumbent
upon the developer to ensure that any XML data used in this fashion is valid
and will result in a valid XML document.
MULTIPLE NAMESPACES¶
When working with complex types it may be necessary to declare multiple
namespaces. The following code demonstrates how to do so:
$elem = SOAP::Data->name("myElement" => "myValue")
->attr( { 'xmlns:foo2' => 'urn:Foo2',
'xmlns:foo3' => 'urn:Foo3' } );
This will produce the following XML:
<myElement xmlns:foo2="urn:Foo2" xmlns:foo3="urn:Foo3">myValue</myElement>
SEE ALSO¶
SOAP::Header, SOAP::SOM, SOAP::Serializer
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS¶
Special thanks to O'Reilly publishing which has graciously allowed SOAP::Lite to
republish and redistribute large excerpts from
Programming Web Services
with Perl, mainly the SOAP::Lite reference found in Appendix B.
COPYRIGHT¶
Copyright (C) 2000-2004 Paul Kulchenko. All rights reserved.
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as Perl itself.
AUTHORS¶
Paul Kulchenko (paulclinger@yahoo.com)
Randy J. Ray (rjray@blackperl.com)
Byrne Reese (byrne@majordojo.com)