NAME¶
Mason::Request - Mason Request Class
SYNOPSIS¶
$m->abort (...)
$m->comp (...)
etc.
DESCRIPTION¶
Mason::Request represents a single request for a page, and is the access point
for most Mason features not provided by syntactic tags.
A Mason request is created when you call "$interp->run", or in a
web environment, for each new web request. A new (sub-)request is also created
when you call visit or go on the current request.
Inside a component you can access the current request object via the global $m.
Outside of a component, you can use the class method
"Mason::Request->current_request".
COMPONENT PATHS¶
The methods comp, comp_exists, construct, go, load, and visit take a component
path argument. If the path does not begin with a '/', then it is made absolute
based on the current component path (using rel_to_abs).
Component paths are like URL paths, and always use a forward slash (/) as the
separator, regardless of what your operating system uses.
PARAMETERS TO THE new() CONSTRUCTOR¶
These parameters would normally be passed in an initial hashref to
"$interp->run", "$m->visit", or
"$m->go".
- out_method
- Indicates where to send the page output. If out_method is a
scalar reference, output is appended to the scalar. If out_method is a
code reference, the code is called with the output string. For example, to
send output to a file called "mason.out":
open(my $fh, ">", "mason.out);
...
out_method => sub { $fh->print($_[0]) }
When "out_method" is unspecified, the output can be obtained from
the Mason::Result object returned from "$interp->run".
PUBLIC METHODS¶
- abort ()
- Ends the current request, finishing the page without
returning through components.
"abort" is implemented by throwing an
"Mason::Exception::Abort" object and can thus be caught by
"eval". The "aborted" method is a shortcut for
determining whether a caught error was generated by
"abort".
- aborted ([$err])
- Returns true or undef indicating whether the specified $err
was generated by "abort". If no $err was passed, uses $@.
In this Try::Tiny code, we catch and process fatal errors while letting
"abort" exceptions pass through:
try {
code_that_may_fail_or_abort()
} catch {
die $_ if $m->aborted($_);
# handle fatal errors...
};
- add_cleanup (code)
- Add a code reference to be executed when the request is
cleaned up.
- clear_and_abort ()
- This method is syntactic sugar for calling
"clear_buffer()" and then "abort()". If you are
aborting the request because of an error (or, in a web environment, to do
a redirect), you will often want to clear the buffer first so that any
output generated up to that point is not sent to the client.
- capture (code)
- Execute the code, capturing and returning any Mason
output instead of outputting it. e.g. the following
my $buf = $m->capture(sub { $m->comp('/foo') });
is equivalent to
my $buf = $m->scomp('/foo');
- clear_buffer ()
- Clears the Mason output buffer. Any output sent before this
line is discarded. Useful for handling error conditions that can only be
detected in the middle of a request.
clear_buffer is, of course, thwarted by flush_buffer.
- comp (path[, params ...])
- Creates a new instance of the component designated by
path, and calls its "main" method. params, if any,
are passed to the constructor.
The "<& &>" tag provides a shortcut for
"$m->comp".
- comp_exists (path)
- Makes the component path absolute if necessary, and
calls Interp comp_exists to determine whether a component exists at that
path.
- current_comp_class ()
- Returns the current component class. This is determined by
walking up the Perl caller() stack until the first Mason::Component
subclass is found.
- current_request ()
- This class method returns the "Mason::Request"
currently in use. If called when no Mason request is active it will return
"undef".
- construct (path[, params ...])
- Constructs and return a new instance of the component
designated by path. params, if any, are passed to the
constructor. Throws an error if path does not exist.
- decline ()
- Clears the output buffer and tries the current request
again, but acting as if the previously chosen page component(s) do not
exist.
For example, if the following components exist:
/news/sports.mc
/news/dhandler.mc
/dhandler.mc
then a request for path "/news/sports" will initially resolve to
"/news/sports.mc". A call to "$m->decline" would
restart the request and resolve to "/news/dhandler.mc", a second
"$m->decline" would resolve to "/dhandler.mc", and
a third would throw a "not found" error.
- filter (filter_expr, [filter_expr...], string|coderef)
- Applies one or more filters to a string or to a coderef
that returns a string.
my $filtered_string = $m->filter($.Trim, $.NoBlankLines, $string);
- flush_buffer ()
- Flushes the main output buffer. Anything currently in the
buffer is sent to the request's out_method.
Note that anything output within a "$m->scomp" or
"$m->capture" will not have made it to the main output
buffer, and thus cannot be flushed.
- go ([request params], path, args...)
- Performs an internal redirect. Clears the output buffer,
runs a new request for the given path and args, and then
aborts when that request is done.
The first argument may optionally be a hashref of parameters which are
passed to the "Mason::Request" constructor.
See also visit.
- interp ()
- Returns the Interp object associated with this
request.
- load (path)
- Makes the component path absolute if necessary, and
calls Interp load to load the component class associated with the
path.
- log ()
- Returns a "Log::Any" logger with a log category
specific to the current component. The category for a component
"/foo/bar" would be "Mason::Component::foo::bar".
- notes ([key[, value]])
- The "notes()" method provides a place to store
application data between components - essentially, a hash which persists
for the duration of the request.
"notes($key, $value)" stores a new entry in the hash;
"notes($key)" returns a previously stored value; and
"notes()" without any arguments returns a reference to the
entire hash of key-value pairs.
Consider storing this kind of data in a read-write attribute of the page
component.
- print (string)
- Add the given string to the Mason output buffer.
This happens implicitly for all content placed in the main component
body.
- page ()
- Returns the page component originally called in the
request.
- path_info ()
- Returns the remainder of the request path beyond the path
of the page component, with no leading slash. e.g. If a request for
'/foo/bar/baz' resolves to "/foo.mc", the path_info is
"bar/baz". For an exact match, it will contain the empty string
(never undef), so you can determine whether there's a path_info with
if ( length($m->path_info) )
- rel_to_abs (path)
- Converts a component path to absolute form based on
the current component, if it does not already begin with a '/'.
- request_args ()
- Returns the original hashref of arguments passed to the
request, e.g. via "$interp->run".
- request_path ()
- Returns the original path passed to the request, e.g. in
"$interp->run".
- scomp (comp, args...)
- Like comp, but returns the component output as a string
instead of printing it. (Think sprintf versus printf.)
See also capture.
- visit ([request params], path, args...)
- Performs a subrequest with the given path and
args, with output being sent to the current output buffer.
The first argument may optionally be a hashref of parameters which are
passed to the "Mason::Request" constructor. e.g. to capture the
output of the subrequest:
$m->visit({out_method => \my $buffer}, ...);
See also go.
MODIFIABLE METHODS¶
These methods are not intended to be called externally, but may be useful to
modify with method modifiers in plugins and subclasses. Their APIs will be
kept as stable as possible.
- cleanup_request ()
- A place to perform cleanup duties when the request finishes
or dies with an error, even if the request object is not immediately
destroyed. Includes anything registered with add_cleanup.
- construct_page_component ($compc, $args)
- Constructs the page component of class
$compc, with hashref of constructor arguments
$args.
- match_request_path ($request_path)
- Given a top level $request_path,
return a corresponding component path or undef if none was found. Search
includes dhandlers and index files. See
Mason::Manual::RequestDispatch.
- process_output ($outref)
- This method is called on the output buffer right before it
is sent to its final destination. $outref is a
reference to the output string; the method can modify it as desired.
- run ($request_path, args)
- Runs the request with $request_path
and args, where the latter can be either a hashref or a hash. This
is generally called via << $interp->run >>.
- with_tied_print ($code)
- Execute the given $code with the
current selected filehandle ('print') tied to the Mason output stream. You
could disable the filehandle selection by overriding this to just call
$code.
SEE ALSO¶
Mason
AUTHOR¶
Jonathan Swartz <swartz@pobox.com>
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE¶
This software is copyright (c) 2011 by Jonathan Swartz.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same
terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.