table of contents
- NAME
- SYNOPSIS
- DESCRIPTION
- OPTIONS
- THE THREAD TREE
- TAGGING ARTICLES
- CLICKING ON URLS
- DRAG AND DROP
- ABORT
- THREAD AHEAD
- REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
- SEARCHING
- FILE NAME EXPANSION
- THE KILL FILE
- MIME VIEWERS AND MAILCAP FILES
- TEXT/PLAIN ARTICLES
- MESSAGE/PARTIAL
- POSTING MIME
- READING THE SPOOLDIR
- X RESOURCES
- THE CONFIG FILE
- ACTIONS
- WIDGETS
- AUTHOR
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
- SEE ALSO
- KNOWN PROBLEMS
- BUGS
KNEWS(1) | General Commands Manual | KNEWS(1) |
NAME¶
knews - Karl's threaded newsreader for XSYNOPSIS¶
knews [ options ]DESCRIPTION¶
Knews is a threaded newsreader with an X Window interface that uses NNTP to get news. This manual is intended to explain things that are not apparent from the interface, so if you just want to get started, you probably don't need to read this.OPTIONS¶
In addition to the standard X Toolkit options knews accepts the following options, which set various X resources. For an explanation of what the resources do, see the sections on resources and the config file.Sets the resource 'Knews.nntpServer' to
'hostname'. This will cause knews to connect to this server on startup.
Sets the resource 'Knews.bell' to
True/False.
Sets the resource 'Knews.separateWindows' to
True/False.
Sets the resource 'Knews.readActiveFile' to
True/False.
Sets the resource 'Knews.retrieveDescriptions'
to True/False.
Sets the resource 'Knews.fillNewsrcFile' to
True/False.
Sets the resource 'Knews.keepThreadInfo' to
True/False.
This will make knews install its own
colormap.
-visual class -depth bits
These will set the resources
'Knews.visualClass' and 'Knews.visualDepth'.
Will set the resource 'Knews.icaseRegexps' to
True/False.
This will turn on/off inline images and color
allocation.
Sets the resource Knews.nCols to 'number',
which is the max number of colors knews will allocate for inline images.
Prints out the version and compile time to
stderr and quits.
THE THREAD TREE¶
The articles in a thread are displayed as nodes in a tree. A border inside a node indicates that the article is unread, a border outside a node indicates that the article is 'tagged', and a dashed branch in the tree indicates a change of subject. By default, you can scroll around in the tree with the middle mouse button. An empty box in the tree indicates a 'fake' article, i.e. one that has expired on the server, has not yet arrived or was posted in a different newsgroup.TAGGING ARTICLES¶
Articles in the thread tree can be tagged with the third mouse button. Clicking on a subject with the third mouse button causes the unread articles in that thread to be tagged in preorder (depth first). Once you have tagged the articles, you can mark then read/unread, save or pipe them in order, and so on.CLICKING ON URLS¶
Knews supports a simple form of clicking on URLs. It works by selecting a piece of text in the article text window and clicking on it with the middle mouse button. If there is no selection, knews will make a crude guess as to what the URL might be. The resource Knews.urlCommand must be set for this to work, see the section on X resources for details.DRAG AND DROP¶
The all groups list and the kill list can be reordered by drag'n'drop. The default translation is the second mouse button.ABORT¶
You may abort the interaction with the NNTP server at any time. This causes the connection to be closed, and a new one to be opened. Note that this puts a certain load on the server.THREAD AHEAD¶
Knews is capable of threading groups in the background while you are e.g. reading another group. To do this you click on one or more groups in the group list with the right mouse button. Knews then opens a second connection to the server and uses it to thread the selected groups. The status of the thread ahead is shown in the group list as a character:- The group is scheduled for thread ahead. * The group is being threaded. + The group has been threaded.
REGULAR EXPRESSIONS¶
The regular expressions used by knews are POSIX.2 extended regular expressions, similar to those used by egrep(1), by default case insensitive. Note that these are not anchored by default, so that e.g. the expression 'alt' will match any string containing the three character sequence 'alt'. See Henry Spencer's excellent man-page for details, regex(7).SEARCHING¶
Article heads and bodies may be searched for regular expressions. Searching applies to read or unread articles as specified with the 'only unread' toggle, and starts with the 'next' article. The newsgroup list may also be searched.FILE NAME EXPANSION¶
In most places where knews uses file names, such as the save/pipe popup, the save/pipe action procedures, and the newsrcFile options etc, ~ is expanded to $HOME, and the following %'s are expanded:%% % %n The name of the current group. %N The name of the current group, capitalized. %g The name of the current group, slashed. %G The name of the current group, capitalized and slashed. %s The name of the nntp server. %p The number of the port the server listens to. %a The number of the currently selected article.
THE KILL FILE¶
The kill file may be used to 'kill' (mark read) or 'hot' (mark interesting) articles, subjects and threads based on different criteria.(F)(S)(A)[Col] || Group regexp || Field expression
This is a character specifying to which header
this entry applies. Legal values are:
Note that 'X' only works if the 'Xref:' header is included in the overview files
from the server. Also note that the 'Re: ' prefix is not considered part of
the subject.
Entries applying to a message-id automatically expire when the relevant article
has expired.
´M' The 'Message-ID:' header, by far the most efficient. ´S' The 'Subject:' header. ´F' The 'From:' header. ´X' The 'Xref:' header.
This is a character specifying the scope of
the entry, i.e. what articles are killed/'hotted' when this entry applies to
an article. Legal values are:
´A' This article. ´S' All articles with the same subject. ´T' The entire thread. ´t' The subthread starting with this article.
This is a character specifying the action of
the entry. Legal values are:
´K' Kill, which means mark read. ´H' Hot, which means mark interesting.
In 'hot' entries, this is the color used to
mark the relevant articles with.
This two character sequence is used as a
separator.
Only newsgroups matching this regular
expression will be affected by this entry. This field is empty in the
per-group kill files.
If the header field is 'S', 'F' or 'X', this
is a regular expression, and the entry applies to all matching articles. If
the header field is 'M', this is a message id; this id is probably the fastest
type of kill entry, since it can be checked with a single hash lookup.
MIME VIEWERS AND MAILCAP FILES¶
Knews has internal support for content-types text/plain, message/rfc822, message/partial, multipart/mixed and multipart/digest. For other types, knews will look for a mailcap entry for that type (see mailcap(5)). If one is found, a clickable line will be inserted in the article text window that is used to start the viewer. If there is no viewer, then if the type is a subtype of text, knews will display it, if it is a subtype of multipart, knews will treat it as multipart/mixed, and otherwise knews will give the user opportunity to 'Save or Pipe'.$HOME/.mailcap:/etc/mailcap:/usr/etc/mailcap:/usr/local/etc/mailcap
TEXT/PLAIN ARTICLES¶
The following resources determine how knews will display an article of type text/plain with a particular charset:Knews.charset.headerFont Knews.charset.bodyFont Knews.charset.quoteFont Knews.charset.listFont Knews.charset.treeFont Knews.charset.encoding Knews.charset.headEncHack
utf-7 The encoding specified for unicode in rfc 1642. 16-bit Straight 16-bit network byte order. hz-gb-2312 The encoding for chinese described in rfc 1842. ksc-5601 Also called iso-2022-kr, described in rfc 1557. big5 Another encoding for chinese.
MESSAGE/PARTIAL¶
Unless the config option assemblePartials is False (see the section on THE CONFIG FILE), when knews encounters an article of type message/partial, it will be rememberered. When all the parts have been seen, a notice will be popped up offering to assemble the parts.POSTING MIME¶
When you post an article containing 8 bit characters that doesn't have a Content-Type header, knews will add such a header with charset equal to the value of the defaultCharset config option. Also, when quoting articles with Content-Type: text/plain and charset equal to the defaultCharset, knews will decode the article before quoting. In both these contexts, the charset iso-8859-1 will be used if defaultCharset is not set.READING THE SPOOLDIR¶
Knews supports a rather obscure mechanism for communicating with an arbitrary program instead of an nntp server. Using knewsd(1), this can be used for reading news (in)directly from the spool dir, or even mail folders if they are in the correct format. This is how it works: If the nntp server is given as #str, where str is an arbitrary string not containing white space or the characters '/', '.' or '*', knews finds the value of the resource Knews.#str and tries to execute that program. The program has its standard input and output connected to knews. If you use this resource setting:Knews.#spool: knewsd -spool /var/spool/news \ -active /usr/local/news/active
X RESOURCES¶
There are a number of X resources that affect the behaviour and appearance of knews. Most widgets in the widget hierarchy has resources named background , foreground , shadowWidth , and so on. For more information see the application defaults file Knews.ad included in the distribution. To get a feeling for resources, try editres(1).Knews*backgroundPixmap: ~/pixmaps/texture.xpm
If this resource is set, knews automatically
connects to this nntp server on startup. This overrides the NNTPSERVER
environment variable. If the server listens to a non-standard port, you may
specify this e.g as foo.bar:1234. If you don't want knews to autoconnect,
don't set this or $NNTPSERVER.
This resource specifies the editor used to
edit posts. Possible values include:
%s stands for the name of a temporary file, and %i for the line where editing
should begin. The default value of this resource is a compile time
option.
Knews.editCommand: xemacs +%i %s Knews.editCommand: emacs +%i %s Knews.editCommand: xterm -e vi +%i %s
This command is used for clicking on URLs. %s
is expanded to the URL, and the result is passed to the shell. As a simple
security measure, URLs will not be allowed to contain quotes, parentheses,
whitespace or ampersands.
If this resource is set, the misc menu will
have a print option which invokes this command.
Knews.needsTerminal Knews.copiousOutput
These are two shell command templates that
will be used for mailcap viewers that have the needsterminal or the
copiousoutput flag set, respectively. In these, %C will be expanded to
the relevant mailcap command. An example should explain it:
Knews.needsTerminal: exec xterm -e /bin/sh -c '%C' Knews.copiousOuptut: exec xterm -e /bin/sh '(%C) | less'
This should point to a file whose contents
maps filename extensions to mime types. The syntax of this file is examplified
by the following list of compiled in types:
This is used to guess the Content-Type of attachments.
image/jpeg jpg jpeg image/gif gif application/postscript ps
Setting this resource to False will turn off
the bell.
If this is set to True, knews will keep
newsgroups alphabetically sorted when new groups are subscribed.
Setting this resource to True will make knews
use a different top level window for the article text widget.
When knews starts a pipe or similar, it
captures the standard error output and displays it in a notice popup. This
resource is the time in milliseconds this popup should stay up. The default is
10000. Setting this to 0 means stay up indefinitely, and negative means no
popups.
If this is True, knews will show the state of
the article caches in a small popup. See the config options cacheAheadSize and
cacheTrailSize for details.
If you have a mail address which isn't of the
form 'userid@domain.name', you can set this to the part of the address that
goes before the '@', e.g.
Note that your userid will still be used for the 'Sender' header if
necessary.
Knews.mailName: FirstName.LastName
If this is set to True (the default), knews
will use an icon.
Setting this to True will make knews ask for
confirmation before disconnecting or quitting.
If this is set to True, knews will ask for
confirmation before catching up a group.
If this is set to 'True', knews will ask for
confirmation before leaving a group. If set to 'tagged', knews will ask
confirmation when exiting a group if there are tagged articles.
Knews.visualClass class Knews.visualDepth bits
If these are set knews will use a visual of
the specified class and depth. Typical values for depth are 8 or 24. Legal
values for class are 'StaticGray)', 'GrayScale', 'StaticColor',
´PseudoColor', 'TrueColor' and 'DirectColor'. The depth will be ignored
if no class is specified.
If this is set to True, knews will create its
own colormap.
This boolean resource turns on/off inline
images and color allocation. Knews can show jpeg, gif and png images (if
compiled with support for this).
This is the maximum number of colors knews
will allocate for inline images. The default is 137 (17 greys and a 5x5x5
color cube minus the 5 greys in that cube).
If this is set to True, knews try to allocate
the same colors as other programs have already allocated, thus increasing the
chances for color sharing. The number of colors is controlled by the resource
Knews.nCols.
Knews*grouplist.preferredLines Knews*grouplist.preferredColumns
These resources specify the number of lines
and columns the grouplist widget will start up with. The default is 14 for
lines and 84 for columns.
Knews*text.preferredLines Knews*text.preferredColumns
These resources specify the number of lines
and columns the article text widget start up with. The default is 32 for lines
and 84 for columns.
The width of the nodes in the article tree in
characters. The default is 16.
The color used for rubberbanding in one or two
widgets. The default is red.
Knews.headerColor Knews.bodyColor Knews.quoteColor
The colors used for headers, ordinary text and
quoted text respectiely in the article window.
Knews*innerColor Knews*innerDashed
The color and line style used for the border
of unread articles in the article tree. The defaults are Red and False.
Knews*outerColor Knews*outerDashed
The color and line style used for the border
of tagged articles in the article tree. The defaults are foreground and
False.
The font used in the lists.
The color used for hot entries in the kill
file when the specified color is invalid or cannot be allocated.
Setting this to False will make regular
expressions case sensitive. They are case insensitive by default.
Knews.readActiveFile Knews.retrieveDescriptions Knews.fillNewsrcFile Knews.showNumberLines Knews.keepThreadInfo Knews.checkForNewGroups
These set the default values for the
corresponding configuration options. Their main purpose is to allow command
line arguments. Read the section on the config file for details.
Knews.newsrcTemplate Knews.oldNewsrcTemplate
These set the default values for the
configuration options newsrcFile and oldNewsrcFile, the default values are
~/.newsrc-%s and ~/.oldnewsrc-%s. A value not containing %s will not be
accepted; if you want the traditional ~/.newsrc for a particular server, see
the resource Knews.configNntpServer below.
This sets the default value of the config
option killFile. The default value is ~/.knews/.kill-%s.
This is the template for the per-group kill
file. The default is ~/.knews/%s/%g/KILL, so that e.g. the newsgroup
news.software.readers will have ~/.knews/%s/news/software/readers/KILL as kill
file, where %s is the name of the server, as usual.
The configuration file used by knews. The
default value is ~/.knews/config-%s, a value not containing %s will not be
accepted.
Knews.configNntpServer Knews.configPostingAgent
Setting configNntpServer will make knews Do
The Right Thing when the user first connects to this server, which means
setting the newsrc file for this server to ~/.newsrc when creating the config
file.
If the configPostingAgent is set this will be used for the postingAgent config
option for the configNntpServer.
If this is set to True, knews will generate a
Path header for articles. The header will be 'Path: d!u' where d and u are
such that the From header generated by knews would be 'From: u@d'.
The value of this resource will be used when
creating a new newsrc file. If it starts with a '/', it is taken as a pathname
of a file whose contents will be inserted into the new newsrc file, otherwise
the literal value of this resource will be inserted into the newsrc file. The
default value is
news.answers:\nnews.newusers.questions:\n
When knews checks for new groups, it uses the
atime (time of last access) of the config file. Some filesystems (e.g. AFS)
have no concept of atime, but fakes it with mtime (time of last modification)
instead. Setting this resource to True will make knews forcibly update the
mtime of the config file.
THE CONFIG FILE¶
When knews connects to an NNTP server it reads a configuration file that will affect its behavior. This file is by default called ~/.knews/config-%s where %s expands to the name of the server, but this may be changed with the Knews.configFile resource.newsrcFile oldNewsrcFile
These specify the newsrc file and oldnewsrc
file for this server. ~ pathnames and the same % expansions as for saving are
handled. If oldnewsrc is set to an empty string, no backup of the newsrc file
will be created.
The default values for these are the values of the resources
Knews.newsrcTemplate and Knews.oldNewsrcTemplate, whose default values are
~/.newsrc-%s and ~/.oldnewsrc-%s, respectively.
For a way of automatically using the standard file ~/.newsrc for a specific
server, see the resource Knews.configNntpServer above.
The kill file. The default value is the value
of the resource Knews.killFileTemplate, whose default value is
~/.kill-%s.
This directory is used for storing cached
articles and thread data for groups. The default is ~/.knews/cache-%s.
Setting this to False will stop knews from
reading the active file when connecting, using the groups in the newsrc file
instead. This will speed up connection on slow lines if you don't have too
many subscribed groups. The default is the value of the resource
Knews.readActiveFile, whose default is True.
A boolean option indicating whether to
retrieve newsgroup descriptions from the server. The default is the value of
the resource Knews.retrieveDescriptions, whose default is True. Setting this
to False may slightly speed up connection time.
If this is set, the given file will be used to
cache group descriptions: when retrieveDescriptions is True, knews saves the
descriptions to this file and when retrieveDescriptions is False, knews reads
descriptions from this file instead of from the server.
Setting this to True will make knews write all
groups it knows about to the newsrc file, which may be a good idea if the
option readActiveFile is set to False. The default is the value of the
resource Knews.fillNewsrcFile, whose default is False, which means only put
information in the newsrc file.
When this is True (the default) and
readActiveFile is False, knews will try the "LIST ACTIVE wildmat"
nntp extension. If this fails knews will complain and fall back to the old
"GROUP" stuff.
This is a boolean option indicating whether to
check for new groups when connecting to this server. The default is True. The
atime (time of last access) of the config file will be used for the
check.
This is a white-space separated list of groups
to be automatically scheduled for thread ahead when connecting. The special
values 'all' and 'All' may be used to designate all subscribed groups with
unread articles and all subscribed groups, respectively.
Setting this to True will allow 'thread ahead'
data to be saved between sessions: knews will not remove the files with this
data when quitting, and when connecting knews will check for these files for
all subscribed groups. If this is set, the options threadAheadGroups and
keepThreadInfo will be ignored.
This indicates the time in minutes between
automatic rescans. The default is 60 minutes, 0 means no automatic rescans.
Regardless of this, rescans will only be performed at special points, to
prevent a 'rescan-idle-rescan' loop.
The width of the group name in the group list,
default is 42.
Setting this to True will make knews ask at
which article the threading of a group should start. A hack.
If this is specified, knews will use this for
posting, instead of posting via NNTP. If your server requires some kind of
authentication that only inews understands, you could set this to 'inews -h'.
Note that inews appends the signature, so you don't want knews to add one too.
Also see the resource Knews.configPostingAgent above.
authInfoPass authInfoUser
These are used to implement the NNTP AUTHINFO
USER/PASS protocol if required by the server. These exist mostly for backward
compatibility; authentication is usually only required when posting, and then
it is better to use inews for postingAgent, since presumably inews knows all
about the required authentication.
readActiveFile: False retrieveDescriptions: False descriptionsFile: ~/.knews/cache-%s/descriptions fillNewsrcFile: True
This tells knews whether to keep thread
information in memory after the group is exited. This will make reentering the
group fast. Legal values are: True, Subscribed and False. 'Subscribed' means
only do it if the group is subscribed, and exists to allow settings such as:
to keep thread info for all subscribed groups. The default value for this option
is 'Subscribed' if the resource Knews.keepThreadInfo is set to True and
'False' otherwise.
*keepThreadInfo: Subscribed
cacheAheadSize cacheTrailSize
These two set the sizes of the two article
caches, the defaults are 0. The 'ahead cache' is used to prefetch articles
from the server in the background using a second connection. The 'trail cache'
is used to keep articles that you have already read, so that going back,
saving or uudecoding will be faster. The maximum values for these are
32.
This indicates how the threads should be
sorted. A thread consists of several subjects. These are sorted within the
thread according to the order they occur. Then the threads are sorted
according to the setting of this option. The legal values and their meanings
are:
All these values may be prefixed with a minus sign to indicate a reversal of the
order, or a plus sign which is a no-op. The default value is none.
subject Alphabetically by the first subject in the thread. size Number of unread articles in the thread. full-size Number of articles in the thread. hot Number of hot articles in the thread. date The date of the first unread article. average-date The average date of unread articles in the thread. author Alphabetically by the first From: line in the thread. none No sorting.
Setting this to False will stop expirations
from the kill file. The default is True, which means that Message-id kills
will expire when you enter a group where the kill entry would have been
applicable, but the article with that message-id was not found.
This string is used to attribute quotations
when you post a followup. The default is
where \n is a newline. The following %'s are expanded:
Thus '%w, %d %y %t GMT' will give the date in standard rfc822 format.
In article %m,\n %f writes:
%% % %d The date of the quoted article in the form 01 Jan. %f The From: line of the article replied to. %i The initials of the previous poster. %I The initials of the previous poster, capitalized. %m The message-id of the article replied to. %n The current newsgroup. %r The real name of the previous poster. %s The subject of the quoted article. %t The time of the quoted article in the form 18:24:02. %w The week day of the quoted article. %y The year of the quoted article.
This is the full name used in the 'From:'
header in the articles you post. The default is $NAME, if set, otherwise the
gecos field from the password file, suitably truncated.
A colon and white-space separated list
specifying which headers to show in the article window, and in what order. The
default is
If the name of the header starts with a captial letter (From: as opposed to
from:), knews will decode rfc1522 encoded words encountered in this header.
(Those are the weird things that look like =?iso-8859-1?q?stuff_here?=.)
Encoded 16-bit charsets are not decoded in headers yet.
Subject:Newsgroups:Followup-To:Reply-To:\ Content-Description:Date:Organization:From:
This boolean tells whether message/partial
articles will be remembered and offered for assembly.
Lines in an article matching this regular
expression will be considered quoted lines, and may be marked with a different
color and font. The default is
which matches lines beginning with an arbitrary amount of white space (the \t
denotes a tab, note that \t won't actually work) followed by a >, : or |
character.
You will probably want to have this expression anchored...
^[ \t]*[:>|]
The fonts for this charset will be used to
display articles that lack MIME-headers. If this is not set, us-ascii will be
assumed.
Also, rfc1522 encodings of this charset in the From and Subject header will be
decoded when displayed in the article tree and the thread list. In this case,
iso-8859-1 is the default.
A boolean option indicating whether to show
the number of lines in articles in the thread tree. The default is the value
of the resource Knews.showNumberLines, whose default is False.
The contents of this file will be used to sign
the articles you post (before editing). The default is ~/.signature.
The width of the subject in the thread list,
default is 56.
quoteString quoteQuoteString
These strings are used for quoting when
posting a followup article; the first one are used to quote lines that were
not quoted in the original article, and the second one is used for lines that
were already quoted. What lines are considered quoted is determined by the
quoteRegexp. The defaults are "> " and ">"
respectively. In these strings, %i is expanded to the initials of the previous
author and %I to the initials, capitalized.
This string will be instered into articles
that are also mailed to the previous author. The default is "[posted and
mailed]".
If this is set, it will be used as the content
of a 'Distribution' header. The default value is the value of the environment
variable DEFNEWSDIS if set, otherwise empty.
A boolean specifying whether to show all
headers in the article window. It also means turn off all MIME
transformations. The default is False.
A string used to construct the 'Reply-To:'
header in the articles you post. The default is the value of the environment
variable REPLYTO if set, otherwise empty.
A string used to construct the 'Organization:'
header in the articles you post. The default is $NEWSORG if set, otherwise
$ORGANIZATION if set, otherwise nothing.
If this boolean is True, as it is by default,
articles that are crossposted will be marked read in all groups when you read
them, mark them read, kill them or catch them up.
Note that this only applies to subscribed groups, and will only work if the
server's overview file contains the Xref: headers.
This string is inserted into the head of all
articles you post (before editing). The default is empty. This could be used
to put in Mime headers, like this:
*extraHeaders: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
This is a combination of extraHeaders and
attribution: it is inserted in the headers of replies and followups and the
same %'s as in attribution are expanded. An example:
*followupHeaders: X-Comment-To: %r
Uudecoded files will end up in this directory.
Or rather, the forked off uudecoding process will be given this as its current
working directory. The default is ~/News.
This program will be used to uudecode files:
it will be given the bodies of the relevant articles on standard input. The
default is NULL, which means that knews will do its best to filter out garbage
and then pipe the rest to 'uudecode'.
swnet*signatureFile: ~/.signature-svensk de*signatureFile: ~/.signature-deutsch *linux*signatureFile: ~/.signature-linux
ACTIONS¶
Knews defines a number of actions that can be tied to keys and buttons via translations. For the default translations, see the application defaults file.Does the right thing.
kill-append(field, scope [, color]) kill-prepend(field, scope [, color])
These action procedures append and prepend
respectively entries to the kill file for the current group according to the
currently selected article.
Valid values for the 'field' parameter are "From", "Subject"
and "Message-Id", and valid values for 'scope' are
"Thread", "Subthread" and "Subject". If the
color parameter is present, the entry added is a hot-entry with that color,
otherwise it is a kill-entry.
It is probably a good idea to use these with field = "message-id",
since message-id kills are very efficient and expire with the corresponding
article.
This will popup a kill file editor for the
supplied group. If no group is given, the editor for the global kill file is
popped up.
This action procedure reloads the current
article, pretending it had the specified Content-Type and
Content-Transfer-Encoding headers. For example mime-hack(image/jpeg, uue)
reloads the current article pretending it has Content-Type image/jpeg and is
uuencoded, thus makeing knews display it as an inline image.
The default key-bindings have the following:
ctrl-J mime-hack(image/jpeg, uue) ctrl-G mime-hack(image/gif, uue) ctrl-P mime-hack(image/png, uue)
tree-up(arg) tree-down(arg) tree-left(arg) tree-right(arg) tree-down-right(arg)
These move around in the thread tree. If the
arg is 'read', they will also read in the relevant article, if arg is 'fake',
they will also try to read 'fake' articles.
list-up(arg) list-down(arg)
These move up and down in the lists. If arg is
given, it is the number of steps, or if it contains a '.', the fraction of the
window to move.
enter-mode() exit-mode()
These two actions moves between modes.
tree-or-list-up(arg) tree-or-list-down(arg) tree-left-or-exit-mode(arg) tree-right-or-enter-mode(arg)
These are combination actions. E.g.
tree-or-list-up(arg) does tree-up or list-up(1), depending on which is
relevant.
This rereads the current article. If arg is
given, the article is displayed with full header and no MIME
transformations.
This moves between the subject list and the
thread tree. If arg is 'toggle', it toggles, if arg is 'yes' it goes to the
tree, and if arg is 'no', it goes to the subject list.
followup(arg) reply(arg) followup-and-reply(arg) post-new()
These correspond to the options on the post
menu. If arg is given as 'yes' or 'no', it indicates whether to include quoted
text.
uudecode() clear-tagged() mark-read-article() mark-read-subject() mark-read-thread() mark-read-subthread() mark-read-to-current() mark-read-all() mark-read-tagged() mark-read-non-tagged() mark-read-cold() mark-unread-article() mark-unread-subject() mark-unread-thread() mark-unread-subthread() mark-unread-all() mark-unread-tagged() mark-unread-killed()
These perform the corresponding functions on
the misc menu.
pipe(command, parts [, scope]) save(filename, parts [, scope])
Pipe and save actions. The argument 'parts' is
a combination of the characters 'f', 's', 'h', 'b', 'e', corresponding to the
'bogus from', 'bogus subject', 'head', 'body' and 'empty line' options on the
save popup window. The 'scope' parameter is optional, and is one of 'window',
'article', 'subject', 'thread', 'subthread' and 'tagged', corresponding to
those options on the save popup.
tag-thread([all]) tag-subject([all])
These tag the unread articles in a thread or
subject. If 'all' is specified, they tag all articles in the thread or
subject.
untag-thread() untag-subject()
These untag the tagged articles in a thread or
subject.
This action tags all unread hot articles, same
as on the misc menu.
catchup() unsubscribe() subscribe()
Guess what.
Changes the size of the upper portion of the
main window by the specified number of pixels.
Causes a group to be scheduled for 'thread
ahead'.
Popups the 'find group' popup, same as the
'find group' option on the misc menu.
WIDGETS¶
The X interface of knews is built with its own widget set plus the Layout Widget. You are welcome to use it if you like. Unfortunately there is no documentation.AUTHOR¶
This software is Copyright 1995, 1996 by Karl-Johan Johnsson.ACKNOWLEDGMENTS¶
The threading algorithm was inspired from trn. Thanks to Wayne Davison.From the gif89a spec: "The Graphics Interchange Format(c) is the Copyright property of CompuServe Incorporated. GIF(sm) is a Service Mark property of CompuServe Incorporated."
SEE ALSO¶
egrep(1), knewsd(1), trn(1), uudecode(1), mailcap(5), newsrc(5), regex(7).KNOWN PROBLEMS¶
If the server doesn't support XOVER, threading will be very slow.BUGS¶
Send bug reports to kjj@matematik.su.se1996 |