NAME¶
ipset — administration tool for IP sets
SYNOPSIS¶
ipset [
OPTIONS ]
COMMAND [
COMMAND-OPTIONS ]
COMMANDS := {
create |
add |
del |
test |
destroy |
list |
save |
restore |
flush |
rename |
swap |
help |
version |
- }
OPTIONS := {
-exist |
-output {
plain |
save
|
xml } |
-quiet |
-resolve |
-sorted |
-name |
-terse }
ipset create SETNAME TYPENAME [
CREATE-OPTIONS ]
ipset add SETNAME ADD-ENTRY [
ADD-OPTIONS ]
ipset del SETNAME DEL-ENTRY [
DEL-OPTIONS ]
ipset test SETNAME TEST-ENTRY [
TEST-OPTIONS
]
ipset destroy [
SETNAME ]
ipset list [
SETNAME ]
ipset save [
SETNAME ]
ipset restore
ipset flush [
SETNAME ]
ipset rename SETNAME-FROM SETNAME-TO
ipset swap SETNAME-FROM SETNAME-TO
ipset help [
TYPENAME ]
ipset version
ipset -
DESCRIPTION¶
ipset is used to set up, maintain and inspect so called IP sets in the
Linux kernel. Depending on the type of the set, an IP set may store IP(v4/v6)
addresses, (TCP/UDP) port numbers, IP and MAC address pairs, IP address and
port number pairs, etc. See the set type definitions below.
Iptables matches and targets referring to sets create references, which
protect the given sets in the kernel. A set cannot be destroyed while there is
a single reference pointing to it.
OPTIONS¶
The options that are recognized by
ipset can be divided into several
different groups.
COMMANDS¶
These options specify the desired action to perform. Only one of them can be
specified on the command line unless otherwise specified below. For all the
long versions of the command names, you need to use only enough letters to
ensure that
ipset can differentiate it from all other commands. The
ipset parser follows the order here when looking for the shortest match
in the long command names.
- n, create SETNAME TYPENAME [
CREATE-OPTIONS ]
- Create a set identified with setname and specified type.
The type may require type specific options. If the -exist option is
specified, ipset ignores the error otherwise raised when the same
set (setname and create parameters are identical) already exists.
- add SETNAME ADD-ENTRY [
ADD-OPTIONS ]
- Add a given entry to the set. If the -exist option
is specified, ipset ignores if the entry already added to the
set.
- del SETNAME DEL-ENTRY [
DEL-OPTIONS ]
- Delete an entry from a set. If the -exist option is
specified, ipset ignores if the entry does not added to (already
expired from) the set.
- test SETNAME TEST-ENTRY [
TEST-OPTIONS ]
- Test wether an entry is in a set or not. Exit status number
is zero if the tested entry is in the set and nonzero if it is missing
from the set.
- x, destroy [ SETNAME ]
- Destroy the specified set or all the sets if none is given.
If the set has got reference(s), nothing is done and no set destroyed.
- list [ SETNAME ] [ OPTIONS ]
- List the header data and the entries for the specified set,
or for all sets if none is given. The -resolve option can be used
to force name lookups (which may be slow). When the -sorted option
is given, the entries are listed sorted (if the given set type supports
the operation). The option -output can be used to control the
format of the listing: plain, save or xml. (The
default is plain.) If the option -name is specified, just
the names of the existing sets are listed. If the option -terse is
specified, just the set names and headers are listed.
- save [ SETNAME ]
- Save the given set, or all sets if none is given to stdout
in a format that restore can read.
- restore
- Restore a saved session generated by save. The saved
session can be fed from stdin.
- flush [ SETNAME ]
- Flush all entries from the specified set or flush all sets
if none is given.
- e, rename SETNAME-FROM
SETNAME-TO
- Rename a set. Set identified by SETNAME-TO must not
exist.
- w, swap SETNAME-FROM
SETNAME-TO
- Swap the content of two sets, or in another words, exchange
the name of two sets. The referred sets must exist and identical type of
sets can be swapped only.
- help [ TYPENAME ]
- Print help and set type specific help if TYPENAME is
specified.
- version
- Print program version.
- -
- If a dash is specified as command, then ipset enters
a simple interactive mode and the commands are read from the standard
input. The interactive mode can be finished by entering the pseudo-command
quit.
OTHER OPTIONS¶
The following additional options can be specified. The long option names cannot
be abbreviated.
- -!, -exist
- Ignore errors when the exactly the same set is to be
created or already added entry is added or missing entry is deleted.
- -o, -output { plain | save |
xml }
- Select the output format to the list command.
- -q, -quiet
- Suppress any output to stdout and stderr. ipset will
still exit with error if it cannot continue.
- -r, -resolve
- When listing sets, enforce name lookup. The program will
try to display the IP entries resolved to host names which requires
slow DNS lookups.
- -s, -sorted
- Sorted output. When listing sets entries are listed sorted.
Not supported yet.
- -n, -name
- List just the names of the existing sets, i.e. suppress
listing of set headers and members.
- -t, -terse
- List the set names and headers, i.e. suppress listing of
set members.
SET TYPES¶
A set type comprises of the storage method by which the data is stored and the
data type(s) which are stored in the set. Therefore the
TYPENAME
parameter of the
create command follows the syntax
TYPENAME :=
method:datatype[
,datatype[
,datatype]]
where the current list of the methods are
bitmap,
hash, and
list and the possible data types are
ip,
net,
mac,
port and
iface. The dimension of a set is equal to the number of
data types in its type name.
When adding, deleting or testing entries in a set, the same comma separated data
syntax must be used for the entry parameter of the commands, i.e
ipset add foo ipaddr,portnum,ipaddr
The
bitmap and
list types use a fixed sized storage. The
hash types use a hash to store the elements. In order to avoid clashes
in the hash, a limited number of chaining, and if that is exhausted, the
doubling of the hash size is performed when adding entries by the
ipset
command. When entries added by the
SET target of
iptables/ip6tables, then the hash size is fixed and the set won't be
duplicated, even if the new entry cannot be added to the set.
All set types support the optional
timeout value
parameter when creating a set and adding entries. The value of the
timeout parameter for the
create command means the default
timeout value (in seconds) for new entries. If a set is created with timeout
support, then the same
timeout option can be used to specify
non-default timeout values when adding entries. Zero timeout value means the
entry is added permanent to the set. The timeout value of already added
elements can be changed by readding the element using the
-exist
option.
The
hash set types which can store
net type of data (i.e.
hash:*net*) support the optional
nomatch
option when adding entries. When matching elements in the set, entries marked as
nomatch are skipped as if those were no added to the set, which makes
possible to build up sets with exceptions. See the example at hash type
hash:net below.
If host names or service names with dash in the name are used instead of IP
addresses or service numbers, then the host name or service name must be
enclosed in square brackets. Example:
- ipset add foo [test-hostname],[ftp-data]
bitmap:ip¶
The
bitmap:ip set type uses a memory range to store either IPv4 host
(default) or IPv4 network addresses. A
bitmap:ip type of set can store
up to 65536 entries.
CREATE-OPTIONS :=
range
fromip-
toip|
ip/
cidr [
netmask cidr ]
[
timeout value ]
ADD-ENTRY := {
ip |
fromip-
toip |
ip/
cidr }
ADD-OPTIONS := [
timeout value ]
DEL-ENTRY := {
ip |
fromip-
toip |
ip/
cidr }
TEST-ENTRY :=
ip
Mandatory
create options:
- range
fromip-toip|ip/cidr
- Create the set from the specified inclusive address range
expressed in an IPv4 address range or network. The size of the range (in
entries) cannot exceed the limit of maximum 65536 elements.
Optional
create options:
- netmask cidr
- When the optional netmask parameter specified,
network addresses will be stored in the set instead of IP host addresses.
The cidr prefix value must be between 1-32. An IP address will be
in the set if the network address, which is resulted by masking the
address with the specified netmask calculated from the prefix, can be
found in the set.
The
bitmap:ip type supports adding or deleting multiple entries in one
command.
Examples:
- ipset create foo bitmap:ip range 192.168.0.0/16
- ipset add foo 192.168.1/24
- ipset test foo 192.168.1.1
bitmap:ip,mac¶
The
bitmap:ip,mac set type uses a memory range to store IPv4 and a MAC
address pairs. A
bitmap:ip,mac type of set can store up to 65536
entries.
CREATE-OPTIONS :=
range
fromip-
toip|
ip/
cidr [
timeout value
]
ADD-ENTRY :=
ip[,
macaddr]
ADD-OPTIONS := [
timeout value ]
DEL-ENTRY :=
ip[,
macaddr]
TEST-ENTRY :=
ip[,
macaddr]
Mandatory options to use when creating a
bitmap:ip,mac type of set:
- range
fromip-toip|ip/cidr
- Create the set from the specified inclusive address range
expressed in an IPv4 address range or network. The size of the range
cannot exceed the limit of maximum 65536 entries.
The
bitmap:ip,mac type is exceptional in the sense that the MAC part can
be left out when adding/deleting/testing entries in the set. If we add an
entry without the MAC address specified, then when the first time the entry is
matched by the kernel, it will automatically fill out the missing MAC address
with the source MAC address from the packet. If the entry was specified with a
timeout value, the timer starts off when the IP and MAC address pair is
complete.
The
bitmap:ip,mac type of sets require two
src/dst parameters of
the
set match and
SET target netfilter kernel modules and the
second one must be
src to match, add or delete entries because the
set match and
SET target have access to the source MAC address
only.
Examples:
- ipset create foo bitmap:ip,mac range 192.168.0.0/16
- ipset add foo 192.168.1.1,12:34:56:78:9A:BC
- ipset test foo 192.168.1.1
bitmap:port¶
The
bitmap:port set type uses a memory range to store port numbers and
such a set can store up to 65536 ports.
CREATE-OPTIONS :=
range fromport-
toport [
timeout value ]
ADD-ENTRY := {
port |
fromport-
toport }
ADD-OPTIONS := [
timeout value ]
DEL-ENTRY := {
port |
fromport-
toport }
TEST-ENTRY :=
port
Mandatory options to use when creating a
bitmap:port type of set:
- range fromport-toport
- Create the set from the specified inclusive port
range.
The
set match and
SET target netfilter kernel modules interpret
the stored numbers as TCP or UDP port numbers.
Examples:
- ipset create foo bitmap:port range 0-1024
- ipset add foo 80
- ipset test foo 80
hash:ip¶
The
hash:ip set type uses a hash to store IP host addresses (default) or
network addresses. Zero valued IP address cannot be stored in a
hash:ip
type of set.
CREATE-OPTIONS := [
family {
inet |
inet6 } ] | [
hashsize value ] [
maxelem value ] [
netmask cidr ] [
timeout value ]
ADD-ENTRY :=
ipaddr
ADD-OPTIONS := [
timeout value ]
DEL-ENTRY :=
ipaddr
TEST-ENTRY :=
ipaddr
Optional
create options:
- family { inet | inet6 }
- The protocol family of the IP addresses to be stored in the
set. The default is inet, i.e IPv4.
- hashsize value
- The initial hash size for the set, default is 1024. The
hash size must be a power of two, the kernel automatically rounds up non
power of two hash sizes to the first correct value.
- maxelem value
- The maximal number of elements which can be stored in the
set, default 65536.
- netmask cidr
- When the optional netmask parameter specified,
network addresses will be stored in the set instead of IP host addresses.
The cidr prefix value must be between 1-32 for IPv4 and between
1-128 for IPv6. An IP address will be in the set if the network address,
which is resulted by masking the address with the netmask calculated from
the prefix, can be found in the set.
For the
inet family one can add or delete multiple entries by specifying
a range or a network:
ipaddr := {
ip |
fromaddr-
toaddr |
ip/
cidr }
Examples:
- ipset create foo hash:ip netmask 30
- ipset add foo 192.168.1.0/24
- ipset test foo 192.168.1.2
hash:net¶
The
hash:net set type uses a hash to store different sized IP network
addresses. Network address with zero prefix size cannot be stored in this type
of sets.
CREATE-OPTIONS := [
family {
inet |
inet6 } ] | [
hashsize value ] [
maxelem value ] [
timeout value ]
ADD-ENTRY :=
netaddr
ADD-OPTIONS := [
timeout value ] [
nomatch ]
DEL-ENTRY :=
netaddr
TEST-ENTRY :=
netaddr
where
netaddr :=
ip[/
cidr]
Optional
create options:
- family { inet | inet6 }
- The protocol family of the IP addresses to be stored in the
set. The default is inet, i.e IPv4.
- hashsize value
- The initial hash size for the set, default is 1024. The
hash size must be a power of two, the kernel automatically rounds up non
power of two hash sizes to the first correct value.
- maxelem value
- The maximal number of elements which can be stored in the
set, default 65536.
For the
inet family one can add or delete multiple entries by specifying
a range, which is converted internally to network(s) equal to the range:
netaddr := {
ip[/
cidr] |
fromaddr-
toaddr }
When adding/deleting/testing entries, if the cidr prefix parameter is not
specified, then the host prefix value is assumed. When adding/deleting
entries, the exact element is added/deleted and overlapping elements are not
checked by the kernel. When testing entries, if a host address is tested, then
the kernel tries to match the host address in the networks added to the set
and reports the result accordingly.
From the
set netfilter match point of view the searching for a match
always starts from the smallest size of netblock (most specific prefix) to the
largest one (least specific prefix) added to the set. When adding/deleting IP
addresses to the set by the
SET netfilter target, it will be
added/deleted by the most specific prefix which can be found in the set, or by
the host prefix value if the set is empty.
The lookup time grows linearly with the number of the different prefix values
added to the set.
Example:
- ipset create foo hash:net
- ipset add foo 192.168.0.0/24
- ipset add foo 10.1.0.0/16
- ipset add foo 192.168.0/24
- ipset add foo 192.168.0/30 nomatch
When matching the elements in the set above, all IP addresses will match from
the networks 192.168.0.0/24, 10.1.0.0/16 and 192.168.0/24 except 192.168.0/30.
hash:ip,port¶
The
hash:ip,port set type uses a hash to store IP address and port number
pairs. The port number is interpreted together with a protocol (default TCP)
and zero protocol number cannot be used.
CREATE-OPTIONS := [
family {
inet |
inet6 } ] | [
hashsize value ] [
maxelem value ] [
timeout value ]
ADD-ENTRY :=
ipaddr,[
proto:]
port
ADD-OPTIONS := [
timeout value ]
DEL-ENTRY :=
ipaddr,[
proto:]
port
TEST-ENTRY :=
ipaddr,[
proto:]
port
Optional
create options:
- family { inet | inet6 }
- The protocol family of the IP addresses to be stored in the
set. The default is inet, i.e IPv4.
- hashsize value
- The initial hash size for the set, default is 1024. The
hash size must be a power of two, the kernel automatically rounds up non
power of two hash sizes to the first correct value
- maxelem value
- The maximal number of elements which can be stored in the
set, default 65536.
For the
inet family one can add or delete multiple entries by specifying
a range or a network of IPv4 addresses in the IP address part of the entry:
ipaddr := {
ip |
fromaddr-
toaddr |
ip/
cidr }
The [
proto:]
port part of the elements may be expressed in the
following forms, where the range variations are valid when adding or deleting
entries:
- portname[-portname]
- TCP port or range of ports expressed in TCP portname
identifiers from /etc/services
- portnumber[-portnumber]
- TCP port or range of ports expressed in TCP port
numbers
- tcp|sctp|udp|udplite:portname|portnumber[-portname|portnumber]
- TCP, SCTP, UDP or UDPLITE port or port range expressed in
port name(s) or port number(s)
- icmp:codename|type/code
- ICMP codename or type/code. The supported ICMP codename
identifiers can always be listed by the help command.
- icmpv6:codename|type/code
- ICMPv6 codename or type/code. The supported ICMPv6 codename
identifiers can always be listed by the help command.
- proto:0
- All other protocols, as an identifier from /etc/protocols
or number. The pseudo port number must be zero.
The
hash:ip,port type of sets require two
src/
dst
parameters of the
set match and
SET target kernel modules.
Examples:
- ipset create foo hash:ip,port
- ipset add foo 192.168.1.0/24,80-82
- ipset add foo 192.168.1.1,udp:53
- ipset add foo 192.168.1.1,vrrp:0
- ipset test foo 192.168.1.1,80
hash:net,port¶
The
hash:net,port set type uses a hash to store different sized IP
network address and port pairs. The port number is interpreted together with a
protocol (default TCP) and zero protocol number cannot be used. Network
address with zero prefix size is not accepted either.
CREATE-OPTIONS := [
family {
inet |
inet6 } ] | [
hashsize value ] [
maxelem value ] [
timeout value ]
ADD-ENTRY :=
netaddr,[
proto:]
port
ADD-OPTIONS := [
timeout value ] [
nomatch ]
DEL-ENTRY :=
netaddr,[
proto:]
port
TEST-ENTRY :=
netaddr,[
proto:]
port
where
netaddr :=
ip[/
cidr]
Optional
create options:
- family { inet | inet6 }
- The protocol family of the IP addresses to be stored in the
set. The default is inet, i.e IPv4.
- hashsize value
- The initial hash size for the set, default is 1024. The
hash size must be a power of two, the kernel automatically rounds up non
power of two hash sizes to the first correct value.
- maxelem value
- The maximal number of elements which can be stored in the
set, default 65536.
For the
netaddr part of the elements see the description at the
hash:net set type. For the [
proto:]
port part of the
elements see the description at the
hash:ip,port set type.
When adding/deleting/testing entries, if the cidr prefix parameter is not
specified, then the host prefix value is assumed. When adding/deleting
entries, the exact element is added/deleted and overlapping elements are not
checked by the kernel. When testing entries, if a host address is tested, then
the kernel tries to match the host address in the networks added to the set
and reports the result accordingly.
From the
set netfilter match point of view the searching for a match
always starts from the smallest size of netblock (most specific prefix) to the
largest one (least specific prefix) added to the set. When adding/deleting IP
addresses to the set by the
SET netfilter target, it will be
added/deleted by the most specific prefix which can be found in the set, or by
the host prefix value if the set is empty.
The lookup time grows linearly with the number of the different prefix values
added to the set.
Examples:
- ipset create foo hash:net,port
- ipset add foo 192.168.0/24,25
- ipset add foo 10.1.0.0/16,80
- ipset test foo 192.168.0/24,25
hash:ip,port,ip¶
The
hash:ip,port,ip set type uses a hash to store IP address, port number
and a second IP address triples. The port number is interpreted together with
a protocol (default TCP) and zero protocol number cannot be used.
CREATE-OPTIONS := [
family {
inet |
inet6 } ] | [
hashsize value ] [
maxelem value ] [
timeout value ]
ADD-ENTRY :=
ipaddr,[
proto:]
port,
ip
ADD-OPTIONS := [
timeout value ]
DEL-ENTRY :=
ipaddr,[
proto:]
port,
ip
TEST-ENTRY :=
ipaddr,[
proto:]
port,
ip
For the first
ipaddr and [
proto:]
port parts of the
elements see the descriptions at the
hash:ip,port set type.
Optional
create options:
- family { inet | inet6 }
- The protocol family of the IP addresses to be stored in the
set. The default is inet, i.e IPv4.
- hashsize value
- The initial hash size for the set, default is 1024. The
hash size must be a power of two, the kernel automatically rounds up non
power of two hash sizes to the first correct value.
- maxelem value
- The maximal number of elements which can be stored in the
set, default 65536.
The
hash:ip,port,ip type of sets require three
src/
dst
parameters of the
set match and
SET target kernel modules.
Examples:
- ipset create foo hash:ip,port,ip
- ipset add foo 192.168.1.1,80,10.0.0.1
- ipset test foo 192.168.1.1,udp:53,10.0.0.1
hash:ip,port,net¶
The
hash:ip,port,net set type uses a hash to store IP address, port
number and IP network address triples. The port number is interpreted together
with a protocol (default TCP) and zero protocol number cannot be used. Network
address with zero prefix size cannot be stored either.
CREATE-OPTIONS := [
family {
inet |
inet6 } ] | [
hashsize value ] [
maxelem value ] [
timeout value ]
ADD-ENTRY :=
ipaddr,[
proto:]
port,
netaddr
ADD-OPTIONS := [
timeout value ] [
nomatch ]
DEL-ENTRY :=
ipaddr,[
proto:]
port,
netaddr
TEST-ENTRY :=
ipaddr,[
proto:]
port,
netaddr
where
netaddr :=
ip[/
cidr]
For the
ipaddr and [
proto:]
port parts of the elements see
the descriptions at the
hash:ip,port set type. For the
netaddr
part of the elements see the description at the
hash:net set type.
Optional
create options:
- family { inet | inet6 }
- The protocol family of the IP addresses to be stored in the
set. The default is inet, i.e IPv4.
- hashsize value
- The initial hash size for the set, default is 1024. The
hash size must be a power of two, the kernel automatically rounds up non
power of two hash sizes to the first correct value.
- maxelem value
- The maximal number of elements which can be stored in the
set, default 65536.
From the
set netfilter match point of view the searching for a match
always starts from the smallest size of netblock (most specific cidr) to the
largest one (least specific cidr) added to the set. When adding/deleting
triples to the set by the
SET netfilter target, it will be
added/deleted by the most specific cidr which can be found in the set, or by
the host cidr value if the set is empty.
The lookup time grows linearly with the number of the different
cidr
values added to the set.
The
hash:ip,port,net type of sets require three
src/
dst
parameters of the
set match and
SET target kernel modules.
Examples:
- ipset create foo hash:ip,port,net
- ipset add foo 192.168.1,80,10.0.0/24
- ipset add foo 192.168.2,25,10.1.0.0/16
- ipset test foo 192.168.1,80.10.0.0/24
hash:net,iface¶
The
hash:net,iface set type uses a hash to store different sized IP
network address and interface name pairs. Network address with zero prefix
size is not accepted.
CREATE-OPTIONS := [
family {
inet |
inet6 } ] | [
hashsize value ] [
maxelem value ] [
timeout value ]
ADD-ENTRY :=
netaddr,[
physdev:]
iface
ADD-OPTIONS := [
timeout value ] [
nomatch ]
DEL-ENTRY :=
netaddr,[
physdev:]
iface
TEST-ENTRY :=
netaddr,[
physdev:]
iface
where
netaddr :=
ip[/
cidr]
Optional
create options:
- family { inet | inet6 }
- The protocol family of the IP addresses to be stored in the
set. The default is inet, i.e IPv4.
- hashsize value
- The initial hash size for the set, default is 1024. The
hash size must be a power of two, the kernel automatically rounds up non
power of two hash sizes to the first correct value.
- maxelem value
- The maximal number of elements which can be stored in the
set, default 65536.
For the
netaddr part of the elements see the description at the
hash:net set type.
When adding/deleting/testing entries, if the cidr prefix parameter is not
specified, then the host prefix value is assumed. When adding/deleting
entries, the exact element is added/deleted and overlapping elements are not
checked by the kernel. When testing entries, if a host address is tested, then
the kernel tries to match the host address in the networks added to the set
and reports the result accordingly.
From the
set netfilter match point of view the searching for a match
always starts from the smallest size of netblock (most specific prefix) to the
largest one (least specific prefix) added to the set. When adding/deleting IP
addresses to the set by the
SET netfilter target, it will be
added/deleted by the most specific prefix which can be found in the set, or by
the host prefix value if the set is empty.
The second direction parameter of the
set match and
SET target
modules corresponds to the incoming/outgoing interface :
src to the
incoming, while
dst to the outgoing. When the interface is flagged with
physdev:, the interface is interpreted as the incoming/outgoing bridge
port.
The lookup time grows linearly with the number of the different prefix values
added to the set.
The internal restriction of the
hash:net,iface set type is that the same
network prefix cannot be stored with more than 64 different interfaces in a
single set.
Examples:
- ipset create foo hash:net,iface
- ipset add foo 192.168.0/24,eth0
- ipset add foo 10.1.0.0/16,eth1
- ipset test foo 192.168.0/24,eth0
list:set¶
The
list:set type uses a simple list in which you can store set names.
CREATE-OPTIONS := [
size value ] [
timeout
value ]
ADD-ENTRY :=
setname [ {
before |
after }
setname ]
ADD-OPTIONS := [
timeout value ]
DEL-ENTRY :=
setname [ {
before |
after }
setname ]
TEST-ENTRY :=
setname [ {
before |
after }
setname ]
Optional
create options:
- size value
- The size of the list, the default is 8.
By the
ipset commad you can add, delete and test set names in a
list:set type of set.
By the
set match or
SET target of netfilter you can test, add or
delete entries in the sets added to the
list:set type of set. The match
will try to find a matching entry in the sets and the target will try to add
an entry to the first set to which it can be added. The number of direction
options of the match and target are important: sets which require more
parameters than specified are skipped, while sets with equal or less
parameters are checked, elements added/deleted. For example if
a and
b are
list:set type of sets then in the command
- iptables -m set --match-set a src,dst -j SET --add-set b
src,dst
the match and target will skip any set in
a and
b which stores
data triples, but will match all sets with single or double data storage in
a set and stop matching at the first successful set, and add src to the
first single or src,dst to the first double data storage set in
b to
which the entry can be added. You can imagine a
list:set type of set as
an ordered union of the set elements.
Please note: by the
ipset commad you can add, delete and
test the
setnames in a
list:set type of set, and
not the presence of a
set's member (such as an IP address).
GENERAL RESTRICTIONS¶
Zero valued set entries cannot be used with hash methods. Zero protocol value
with ports cannot be used.
If you want to store same size subnets from a given network (say /24 blocks from
a /8 network), use the
bitmap:ip set type. If you want to store random
same size networks (say random /24 blocks), use the
hash:ip set type.
If you have got random size of netblocks, use
hash:net.
Backward compatibility is maintained and old
ipset syntax is still
supported.
The
iptree and
iptreemap set types are removed: if you refer to
them, they are automatically replaced by
hash:ip type of sets.
DIAGNOSTICS¶
Various error messages are printed to standard error. The exit code is 0 for
correct functioning.
BUGS¶
Bugs? No, just funny features. :-) OK, just kidding...
SEE ALSO¶
iptables(8),
ip6tables(8)
AUTHORS¶
Jozsef Kadlecsik wrote ipset, which is based on ippool by Joakim Axelsson,
Patrick Schaaf and Martin Josefsson.
Sven Wegener wrote the iptreemap type.
I stand on the shoulders of giants.
