NAME¶
exiv2 - Image metadata manipulation tool
SYNOPSIS¶
exiv2 [
options] [
action]
file ...
DESCRIPTION¶
exiv2 is a program to read and write Exif, IPTC and XMP image metadata
and image comments. The following image formats are supported:
Type |
Exif |
IPTC |
XMP |
Image comments |
|
JPEG |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
EXV |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
CR2 |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
- |
CRW |
Read/Write |
- |
- |
Read/Write |
MRW |
Read |
Read |
Read |
- |
TIFF |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
- |
DNG |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
- |
NEF |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
- |
PEF |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
- |
ARW |
Read |
Read |
Read |
- |
RW2 |
Read |
Read |
Read |
- |
SR2 |
Read |
Read |
Read |
- |
SRW |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
- |
ORF |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
- |
PNG |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
PGF |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
RAF |
Read |
Read |
Read |
- |
EPS |
- |
- |
Read/Write |
- |
XMP |
- |
- |
Read/Write |
- |
GIF |
- |
- |
- |
- |
PSD |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
- |
TGA |
- |
- |
- |
- |
BMP |
- |
- |
- |
- |
JP2 |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
Read/Write |
- |
- •
- Support for GIF, TGA and BMP images is minimal: the image
format is recognized, a MIME type assigned to it and the height and width
of the image are determined.
- •
- Reading other TIFF-like RAW image formats, which are not
listed in the table, may also work.
ACTIONS¶
The
action argument is only required if it is not clear from the
options which action is implied.
- pr | print
- Print image metadata. This is the default action, i.e., the
command exiv2 image.jpg will print a summary of the image Exif
metadata.
- ex | extract
- Extract metadata to *.exv, XMP sidecar (*.xmp) and
thumbnail image files. Modification commands can be applied
on-the-fly.
- in | insert
- Insert metadata from corresponding *.exv, XMP sidecar
(*.xmp) and thumbnail files. Use option -S .suf to change
the suffix of the input files. Since files of any supported format can be
used as input files, this command can be used to copy the metadata between
files of different formats. Modification commands can be applied
on-the-fly.
- rm | delete
- Delete image metadata from the files.
- ad | adjust
- Adjust Exif timestamps by the given time. Requires at least
one of the options -a time, -Y yrs, -O
mon or -D day.
- mo | modify
- Apply commands to modify (add, set, delete) the Exif, IPTC
and XMP metadata of image files. Requires option -c, -m or
-M.
- mv | rename
- Rename files and/or set file timestamps according to the
Exif create timestamp. Uses the value of tag Exif.Photo.DateTimeOriginal
or, if not present, Exif.Image.DateTime to determine the timestamp. The
filename format can be set with -r fmt, timestamp options
are -t and -T.
- fi | fixiso
- Copy the ISO setting from one of the proprietary Nikon or
Canon makernote ISO tags to the regular Exif ISO tag,
Exif.Photo.ISOSpeedRatings. Does not overwrite an existing standard Exif
ISO tag.
- fc | fixcom
- Fix the character encoding of Exif Unicode user comments.
Decodes the comment using the auto-detected or specified character
encoding and writes it back in UCS-2. Use option -n to specify the
current encoding of the comment if necessary.
OPTIONS¶
- -h
- Display help and exit.
- -V
- Show the program version and exit.
- -v
- Be verbose during the program run.
- -q
- Silence warnings and error messages from the Exiv2 library
during the program run (quiet). Note that options -v and -q
can be used at the same time.
- -Q lvl
- Set the log-level to 'd'(ebug), 'i'(nfo), 'w'(arning),
'e'(rror) or 'm'(ute). The default log-level is 'w'. -Qm is
equivalent to -q. All log messages are written to standard
error.
- -b
- Show large binary values (default is to suppress
them).
- -u
- Show unknown tags (default is to suppress tags which don't
have a name).
- -g key
- Only output info for this Exiv2 key (grep). Multiple
-g options can be used to grep info for several keys.
- -n enc
- Charset to use to decode Exif Unicode user comments.
enc is a name understood by iconv_open(3), e.g.,
'UTF-8'.
- -k
- Preserve file timestamps when updating files (keep). Can be
used with all options which update files. The flag is ignored by read-only
options.
- -t
- Set the file timestamp according to the Exif create
timestamp in addition to renaming the file (overrides -k). This
option is only used with the 'rename' action.
- -T
- Only set the file timestamp according to the Exif create
timestamp, do not rename the file (overrides -k). This option is
only used with the 'rename' action. Note: On Windows you may have to set
the TZ environment variable for this option to work correctly.
- -f
- Do not prompt before overwriting existing files (force
overwrite).
- -F
- Do not prompt before renaming files (Force rename). Appends
'_1' ('_2', ...) to the name of the new file.
- -a time
- Time adjustment in the format [-]HH[:MM[:SS]]. This option
is only used with the 'adjust' action. Examples: 1 adds one hour, 1:01
adds one hour and one minute, -0:00:30 subtracts 30 seconds.
- -Y yrs
- Time adjustment by a positive or negative number of years,
for the 'adjust' action.
- -O mon
- Time adjustment by a positive or negative number of months,
for the 'adjust' action.
- -D day
- Time adjustment by a positive or negative number of days,
for the 'adjust' action.
- -p mode
- Print mode for the 'print' action. Possible modes are:
s : print a summary of the Exif metadata (the default)
a : print Exif, IPTC and XMP metadata (shortcut for -Pkyct)
t : interpreted (translated) Exif tags (-PEkyct)
v : plain Exif tag values (-PExgnycv)
h : hexdump of the Exif data (-PExgnycsh)
i : IPTC datasets (-PIkyct)
x : XMP properties (-PXkyct)
c : JPEG comment
p : list available image previews, sorted by preview image size in
pixels
- -P flgs
- Print flags for fine control of the tag list ('print'
action). Allows control of the type of metadata as well as data columns
included in the print output. Valid flags are:
E : include Exif tags in the list
I : IPTC datasets
X : XMP properties
x : print a column with the tag number
g : group name
k : key
l : tag label
n : tag name
y : type
c : number of components (count)
s : size in bytes
v : plain data value
t : interpreted (translated) data
h : hexdump of the data
- -d tgt
- Delete target(s) for the 'delete' action. Possible targets
are:
a : all supported metadata (the default)
e : Exif section
t : Exif thumbnail only
i : IPTC data
x : XMP packet
c : JPEG comment
- -i tgt
- Insert target(s) for the 'insert' action. Possible targets
are the same as those for the -d option, plus a modifier:
X : Insert metadata from an XMP sidecar file <file>.xmp. The remaining
insert targets determine what metadata to insert from the sidecar file.
Possible are Exif, IPTC and XMP and the default is all of these. Note that
the inserted XMP properties include those converted to Exif and IPTC.
Only JPEG thumbnails can be inserted (not TIFF thumbnails), they need to be
named file-thumb.jpg.
- -e tgt
- Extract target(s) for the 'extract' action. Possible
targets are the same as those for the -d option, plus a target to
extract preview images and a modifier to generate an XMP sidecar file:
p[<n>[,<m> ...]] : Extract preview images. The optional comma
separated list of preview image numbers is used to determine which preview
images to extract. The available preview images and their numbers are
displayed with the 'print' option -pp.
X : Extract metadata to an XMP sidecar file <file>.xmp. The remaining
extract targets determine what metadata to extract to the sidecar file.
Possible are Exif, IPTC and XMP and the default is all of these.
- -r fmt
- Filename format for the 'rename' action. The format string
follows strftime(3) and supports the following keywords:
:basename: - original filename without extension
:dirname: - name of the directory holding the original file
:parentname: - name of parent directory
Default filename format is %Y%m%d_%H%M%S.
- -c txt
- JPEG comment string to set in the image ('modify' action).
This option can also be used with the 'extract' and 'insert' actions to
modify metadata on-the-fly.
- -m file
- Command file for the 'modify' action. This option can also
be used with the 'extract' and 'insert' actions to modify metadata
on-the-fly.
- -M cmd
- Command line for the 'modify' action. This option can also
be used with the 'extract' and 'insert' actions to modify metadata
on-the-fly. The format for the commands is the same as that of the lines
of a command file.
- -l dir
- Location (directory) for files to be inserted or
extracted.
- -S .suf
- Use suffix .suf for source files in 'insert'
action.
COMMANDS¶
Commands for the 'modify' action can be read from a command file, e.g.,
exiv2 -m cmd.txt image.jpg
or given on the command line, as in
exiv2 -M"add Iptc.Application2.Credit String Mr. Smith" image.jpg
Note the quotes. Multiple
-m and
-M options can be combined.
When writing Exif, IPTC and XMP metadata,
exiv2 enforces only a correct
metadata structure. It is possible to write tags with types and values
different from those specified in the standards, duplicate Exif tags,
undefined tags, or incomplete metadata. While
exiv2 is able to read all
metadata that it can write, other programs may have difficulties with images
that contain non standard-conforming metadata.
The format of a command is
set | add | del key [[type] value]
- set
- Set the value of an existing tag with a matching
key or add the tag.
- add
- Add a tag (unless key is a non-repeatable IPTC key;
nothing prevents you from adding duplicate Exif tags).
- del
- Delete all occurrences of a tag (requires only a
key).
- key
- Exiv2 Exif, IPTC or XMP key.
- type
- Byte | Ascii | Short | Long | Rational | Undefined |
SShort | SLong | SRational | Comment for Exif keys,
String | Date | Time | Short | Undefined for IPTC keys, and
XmpText | XmpAlt | XmpBag | XmpSeq | LangAlt for XMP keys.
A default type is used if none is explicitly given. The default is
determined based on key.
- value
- The remaining text on the line is the value. It can
optionally be enclosed in single quotes (' value') or double quotes
(" value").
The value is optional. Not providing any value is equivalent to an empty
value ("") and is mainly useful to create an XMP array property,
e.g., a bag.
The format of Exif Comment values includes an optional charset
specification at the beginning:
[charset=Ascii|Jis|Unicode|Undefined ]comment
Undefined is used by default if the value doesn't start with a
charset definition.
The format for IPTC Date values is YYYY-MM-DD (year, month, day),
that for IPTC Time values is HH:MM:SS+|-HH:MM, where HH:MM:SS
refers to local hour, minute and seconds and +|-HH:MM refers to hours and
minutes ahead or behind Universal Coordinated Time (+|- means either a +
or a - sign is required).
The format of XMP LangAlt values includes an optional language
qualifier:
[lang=language-code ]text
x-default is used by default if the value doesn't start with a
language qualifier.
- An additional command is available to register XMP
namespaces:
-
reg prefix namespace
-
Empty lines and lines starting with
# in a command file are ignored
(comments). Remaining lines are commands as described above.
EXAMPLES¶
- exiv2 *.jpg
- Prints a summary of the Exif information for all JPEG files
in the directory.
- exiv2 -pi image.jpg
- Prints the IPTC metadata of the image.
- exiv2 rename img_1234.jpg
- Renames img_1234.jpg (taken on 13-Nov-05 at 22:58:31) to
20051113_225831.jpg
- exiv2 -r':basename:_%Y%m' rename img_1234.jpg
- Renames img_1234.jpg to img_1234_200511.jpg
- exiv2 -et img1.jpg img2.jpg
- Extracts the Exif thumbnails from the two files into
img1-thumb.jpg and img2-thumb.jpg.
- exiv2 -it img1.jpg img2.jpg
- Inserts (copies) metadata from img1.exv to img1.jpg and
from img2.exv to img2.jpg.
- exiv2 -ep1,2 image.jpg
- Extracts previews 1 and 2 from the image to the files
image-preview1.jpg and image-preview2.jpg.
- exiv2 -eiX image.jpg
- Extracts IPTC datasets into an XMP sidecar file image.xmp
and in the process converts them to "IPTC Core" XMP schema.
- exiv2 -iixX image.jpg
- Inserts IPTC and XMP metadata from an XMP sidecar file
image.xmp into image.jpg. The resulting IPTC datasets are converted from
the "IPTC Core" XMP schema properties in the sidecar file to the
older IPTC IIM4 format. The inserted XMP properties include those in the
"IPTC Core" XMP schema.
-
exiv2 -M"set Exif.Photo.UserComment charset=Ascii New Exif comment" image.jpg
-
Sets the Exif comment to an ASCII string.
-
exiv2 -M"set Exif.GPSInfo.GPSLatitude 4/1 15/1 33/1" \
- -M"set Exif.GPSInfo.GPSLatitudeRef N" image.jpg
Sets the latitude to 4 degrees, 15 minutes and 33 seconds north. The Exif
standard stipulates that the GPSLatitude tag consists of three Rational
numbers for the degrees, minutes and seconds of the latitude and
GPSLatitudeRef contains either 'N' or 'S' for north or south latitude
respectively.
-
exiv2 insert -l/tmp -S.CRW /data/*.JPG
-
Copy all metadata from CRW files in the /tmp directory to JPG files with
corresponding basenames in the /data directory. Note that this copies
metadata as is, without any modifications to adapt it to the requirements
of the target format. Some tags copied like this may not make sense in the
target image.
SEE ALSO¶
- http://www.exiv2.org/sample.html#modify
- Sample command files.
- http://www.exiv2.org/metadata.html
- Taglists with key and default type
values.
AUTHORS¶
exiv2 was written by Andreas Huggel <ahuggel@gmx.net>.
This manual page was originally written by KELEMEN Peter
<fuji@debian.org>, for the Debian project.