NAME¶
dnshistory - processes various log file formats doing dns IP Address
lookups. Store these pairs in a database for later retrieval.
SYNOPSIS¶
dnshistory [OPTION]... [--file=FILE]
COPYRIGHT¶
dnshistory is Copyright © 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Stephen McInerney
DESCRIPTION¶
dnshistory currently processes Apache CLF and Combined logs, Squid
access logs, FTP xferlog files and iptables based logs. The log format is
auto-detected.
dnshistory has five modes of operation:
- •
- Do Lookups. The default mode. Given a web log file,
dnshistory will perform DNS reverse lookups on each unique IP
Address and store the results in a history database.
- •
- Do Translations. Given a raw web log file,
dnshistory will make use of a previously created history database
and send to STDOUT the same web log but with addresses replaced by
the Fully Qualified Domain Name as previously looked up.
- •
- Do Recombining. Given two web log files, one raw and one
previously translated (eg. by using dnstran): Create a history database
from the values in these separate log files.
- •
- Do Dump. Dump a given history database to
STDOUT.
- •
- Do Import. Import a previously dumped history database from
a given file.
- •
- Show History. Given one or more IP Addresses on the command
line, show the history of those addresses.
The lookups make use of threads for maximum speed, and use the standard
resolution libraries on a system. Thus hosts files, NIS, LDAP and other name
resolution methods should work transparently.
It is
strongly recommended that for massive lookups a DNS server is
"nearby". Preferably not a forwarding server.
dnshistory can read
.gz files.
STDIN is assumed to
not be gz encoded.
OPTIONS¶
- -L --dolookups
- The default mode. Given a log file, either via STDIN
or via '-f', do the lookups and store the results.
- -T --dotranslate
- Given a log file, either via STDIN or via '-f',
lookup each IP Address from the history database; replace the IP Address
with the FQDN and send the newly updated log line to STDOUT.
- -R --dorecombine=FILE
- Given a previously translated file (eg. via dnstran) via
this option for the names, do the lookups for a file given via
STDIN or '-f' and store the results. This file can be gz
encoded.
- The date/time of each stored entry is taken as being the
actual time for the lookup stored in the recombine log file. This is
probably incorrect, but "Good Enough".
- -D --dodump
- Dump the history database to STDOUT.
- -I --doimport=FILE
- Given a previously dumped database, import that into a new
database. Will fail and exit if the chosen database already exists.
- -S --showhistory
- Given one or more IP Addresses show their history. Address
are the last item(s) on the command line. Addresses with no as yet
discovered FQDN will display 'NONAME'. The Date/Time displayed is
formatted as YYYY-MM-DD:hh:mm:ss, vs the 'seconds since epoch' for
"--dodump"
- --logtype=LOGTYPE
- By default dnshistory will attempt to autodetect
what type of logfile is being processed. By using this option, the
autodetection is overridden. The choices are: auto, clf or www, squid, ftp
or iptables.
- -c --cache=SIZE
- Set the size of the memory cache to use. Value is in Mb.
Default is 20Mb.
- -d --database=FILE
- Change the default database file to use to store stateful
data.
- -f --file=FILE
- Web Log File to process. This file can be gz encoded.
Will use STDIN if not set
- -h --help
- Help screen. Very brief.
- -l --maxlookups=NUMBER
- The maximum number of lookups to attempt. The default is 1.
This has not shown to be at all useful in testing...
- -m --maxthreads=NUMBER
- How many name lookup threads to spawn off. The default is
100. Setting this too high can do evil things to bandwidth and the CPU
usage of any queried DNS server(s).
If doing lots of DNS queries, setting this too high can have a very negative
impact on the ability to successfully resolve anything.
- -t --timeout=VALUE
- The time in seconds before a stored DNS value is deemed
"old". The default is 7 days.
- -v --verbose
- Verboseness of a run. More v's will increase the level of
verbosity, up to a maximum of 5. All of the higher levels are only of
value for debugging purposes.
- -V --version
- Display the version information and exit
- -w --wait
- Delay time between query retries within a single run
RESULTS¶
At verbose level 1 (-v) some success/failure counters will be displayed. As well
as any problematic log lines to STDERR.
At verbose level 2 (-vv) lines that may not match up (eg. Due to dnstran
modifying referrers or URL's) will be sent to STDERR.
EXAMPLES¶
A typical run, using a database in /tmp/ (/tmp/c.db), and a log file in the
current directory (test.log). First, do the lookups:
dnshistory -d /tmp/c.db -f test.log
Then the translation run for input into, for example, a web log analyser:
dnshistory -T -d /tmp/c.db -f test.log | webalizer ....
Do three attempts on failed queries, with a 2 second delay between retries:
dnshistory -l 3 -w 2 -d /tmp/c.db -f test.log
Lookup and Display the history of three IP Addresses:
127.0.0.1,192.168.1.254,10.10.10.10
dnshistory -S -d /tmp/c.db 127.0.0.1 192.168.1.254 10.10.10.10
Import a previously dumped database via dnsdb.dump
dnshistory -I dnsdb.dump -d /tmp/d.db
FILES¶
/var/lib/dnshistory/dnshistory.db
The default history database file.
BUGS¶
- •
- Ignores IP Addresses located in the URL and Referrer
fields.
AUTHOR¶
Stephen McInerney <spm@stedee.id.au>