NAME¶
du - estimate file space usage
SYNOPSIS¶
du [
OPTION]... [
FILE]...
du [
OPTION]...
--files0-from=F
DESCRIPTION¶
Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
- -a, --all
- write counts for all files, not just directories
- --apparent-size
- print apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although the
apparent size is usually smaller, it may be larger due to holes in
(`sparse') files, internal fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the
like
- -B, --block-size=SIZE
- scale sizes by SIZE before printing them. E.g., `-BM'
prints sizes in units of 1,048,576 bytes. See SIZE format below.
- -b, --bytes
- equivalent to `--apparent-size
--block-size=1'
- -c, --total
- produce a grand total
- -D, --dereference-args
- dereference only symlinks that are listed on the command
line
- --files0-from=F
- summarize disk usage of the NUL-terminated file names
specified in file F; If F is - then read names from standard input
- -H
- equivalent to --dereference-args (-D)
- -h, --human-readable
- print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M
2G)
- --si
- like -h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
- -k
- like --block-size=1K
- -l, --count-links
- count sizes many times if hard linked
- -m
- like --block-size=1M
- -L, --dereference
- dereference all symbolic links
- -P, --no-dereference
- don't follow any symbolic links (this is the default)
- -0, --null
- end each output line with 0 byte rather than newline
- -S, --separate-dirs
- do not include size of subdirectories
- -s, --summarize
- display only a total for each argument
- -x, --one-file-system
- skip directories on different file systems
- -X, --exclude-from=FILE
- exclude files that match any pattern in FILE
- --exclude=PATTERN
- exclude files that match PATTERN
- -d, --max-depth=N
- print the total for a directory (or file, with
--all) only if it is N or fewer levels below the command line
argument; --max-depth=0 is the same as
--summarize
- --time
- show time of the last modification of any file in the
directory, or any of its subdirectories
- --time=WORD
- show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime,
access, use, ctime or status
- --time-style=STYLE
- show times using style STYLE: full-iso, long-iso, iso,
+FORMAT FORMAT is interpreted like `date'
- --help
- display this help and exit
- --version
- output version information and exit
Display values are in units of the first available SIZE from
--block-size, and the DU_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE
environment variables. Otherwise, units default to 1024 bytes (or 512 if
POSIXLY_CORRECT is set).
SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following: KB
1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.
PATTERNS¶
PATTERN is a shell pattern (not a regular expression). The pattern
?
matches any one character, whereas
* matches any string (composed of
zero, one or multiple characters). For example,
*.o will match any
files whose names end in
.o. Therefore, the command
- du --exclude='*.o'
will skip all files and subdirectories ending in
.o (including the file
.o itself).
AUTHOR¶
Written by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, Paul Eggert, and Jim Meyering.
REPORTING BUGS¶
Report du bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org
GNU coreutils home page: <
http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
General help using GNU software: <
http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
Report du translation bugs to <
http://translationproject.org/team/>
COPYRIGHT¶
Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL
version 3 or later <
http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO
WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
SEE ALSO¶
The full documentation for
du is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the
info and
du programs are properly installed at your site, the
command
- info coreutils 'du invocation'
should give you access to the complete manual.