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certtool(1) | User Commands | certtool(1) |
NAME¶
certtool - GnuTLS certificate toolSYNOPSIS¶
certtool [-flag [value]]... [--opt-name[[=| ]value]]... All arguments must be options.DESCRIPTION¶
Tool to parse and generate X.509 certificates, requests and private keys. It can be used interactively or non interactively by specifying the template command line option.OPTIONS¶
- -d number, --debug=number
- Enable debugging. This option takes an integer number as
its argument. The value of number is constrained to being:
in the range 0 through 9999
- -V, --verbose
- More verbose output. This option may appear an unlimited
number of times.
- --infile=file
- Input file.
- --outfile=string
- Output file.
- -s, --generate-self-signed
- Generate a self-signed certificate.
- -c, --generate-certificate
- Generate a signed certificate.
- --generate-proxy
- Generates a proxy certificate.
- --generate-crl
- Generate a CRL.
- -u, --update-certificate
- Update a signed certificate.
- -p, --generate-privkey
- Generate a private key.
- -q, --generate-request
- Generate a PKCS #10 certificate request. This option must
not appear in combination with any of the following options: infile.
- -e, --verify-chain
- Verify a PEM encoded certificate chain.
- --verify
- Verify a PEM encoded certificate chain using a trusted
list.
- --verify-crl
- Verify a CRL using a trusted list. This option must appear
in combination with the following options: load-ca-certificate.
- --generate-dh-params
- Generate PKCS #3 encoded Diffie-Hellman parameters.
- --get-dh-params
- Get the included PKCS #3 encoded Diffie-Hellman parameters.
- --dh-info
- Print information PKCS #3 encoded Diffie-Hellman
parameters.
- --load-privkey=string
- Loads a private key file.
- --load-pubkey=string
- Loads a public key file.
- --load-request=string
- Loads a certificate request file.
- --load-certificate=string
- Loads a certificate file.
- --load-ca-privkey=string
- Loads the certificate authority's private key file.
- --load-ca-certificate=string
- Loads the certificate authority's certificate file.
- --password=string
- Password to use.
- --null-password
- Enforce a NULL password.
- --empty-password
- Enforce an empty password.
- --hex-numbers
- Print big number in an easier format to parse.
- --cprint
- In certain operations it prints the information in
C-friendly format.
- -i, --certificate-info
- Print information on the given certificate.
- --certificate-pubkey
- Print certificate's public key.
- --pgp-certificate-info
- Print information on the given OpenPGP certificate.
- --pgp-ring-info
- Print information on the given OpenPGP keyring structure.
- -l, --crl-info
- Print information on the given CRL structure.
- --crq-info
- Print information on the given certificate request.
- --no-crq-extensions
- Do not use extensions in certificate requests.
- --p12-info
- Print information on a PKCS #12 structure.
- --p12-name=string
- The PKCS #12 friendly name to use.
- --p7-info
- Print information on a PKCS #7 structure.
- --smime-to-p7
- Convert S/MIME to PKCS #7 structure.
- -k, --key-info
- Print information on a private key.
- --pgp-key-info
- Print information on an OpenPGP private key.
- --pubkey-info
- Print information on a public key.
- --v1
- Generate an X.509 version 1 certificate (with no
extensions).
- --to-p12
- Generate a PKCS #12 structure. This option must appear in
combination with the following options: load-certificate.
- --to-p8
- Generate a PKCS #8 structure.
- -8, --pkcs8
- Use PKCS #8 format for private keys.
- --rsa
- Generate RSA key.
- --dsa
- Generate DSA key.
- --ecc
- Generate ECC (ECDSA) key.
- --ecdsa
- This is an alias for the --ecc option.
- --hash=string
- Hash algorithm to use for signing.
- --inder, --no-inder
- Use DER format for input certificates, private keys, and DH
parameters . The no-inder form will disable the option.
- --inraw
- This is an alias for the --inder option.
- --outder, --no-outder
- Use DER format for output certificates, private keys, and
DH parameters. The no-outder form will disable the option.
- --outraw
- This is an alias for the --outder option.
- --bits=number
- Specify the number of bits for key generate. This option
takes an integer number as its argument.
- --curve=string
- Specify the curve used for EC key generation.
- --sec-param=security parameter
- Specify the security level [low, legacy, medium, high,
ultra].
- --disable-quick-random
- No effect.
- --template=string
- Template file to use for non-interactive operation.
- --stdout-info
- Print information to stdout instead of stderr.
- --ask-pass
- Enable interaction for entering password when in batch
mode..
- --pkcs-cipher=cipher
- Cipher to use for PKCS #8 and #12 operations.
- --provider=string
- Specify the PKCS #11 provider library.
- -h, --help
- Display usage information and exit.
- -!, --more-help
- Pass the extended usage information through a pager.
- -v [{v|c|n}], --version[={v|c|n}]
- Output version of program and exit. The default mode is `v', a simple version. The `c' mode will print copyright information and `n' will print the full copyright notice.
FILES¶
Certtool's template file format$ certtool --generate-certificate --load-privkey key.pem --template cert.cfg --outfile cert.pem --load-ca-certificate ca-cert.pem --load-ca-privkey ca-key.pem
# X.509 Certificate options # # DN options# The organization of the subject. organization = "Koko inc."# The organizational unit of the subject. unit = "sleeping dept."# The locality of the subject. # locality =# The state of the certificate owner. state = "Attiki"# The country of the subject. Two letter code. country = GR# The common name of the certificate owner. cn = "Cindy Lauper"# A user id of the certificate owner. #uid = "clauper"# Set domain components #dc = "name" #dc = "domain"# If the supported DN OIDs are not adequate you can set # any OID here. # For example set the X.520 Title and the X.520 Pseudonym # by using OID and string pairs. #dn_oid = 2.5.4.12 Dr. #dn_oid = 2.5.4.65 jackal# This is deprecated and should not be used in new # certificates. # pkcs9_email = "none@none.org"# An alternative way to set the certificate's distinguished name directly # is with the "dn" option. The attribute names allowed are: # C (country), street, O (organization), OU (unit), title, CN (common name), # L (locality), ST (state), placeOfBirth, gender, countryOfCitizenship, # countryOfResidence, serialNumber, telephoneNumber, surName, initials, # generationQualifier, givenName, pseudonym, dnQualifier, postalCode, name, # businessCategory, DC, UID, jurisdictionOfIncorporationLocalityName, # jurisdictionOfIncorporationStateOrProvinceName, # jurisdictionOfIncorporationCountryName, XmppAddr, and numeric OIDs.#dn = "cn=Nik,st=Attiki,C=GR,surName=Mavrogiannopoulos,2.5.4.9=Arkadias"# The serial number of the certificate # Comment the field for a time-based serial number. serial = 007# In how many days, counting from today, this certificate will expire. # Use -1 if there is no expiration date. expiration_days = 700# Alternatively you may set concrete dates and time. The GNU date string # formats are accepted. See: # http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_node/Date-input-formats.html#activation_date = "2004-02-29 16:21:42" #expiration_date = "2025-02-29 16:24:41"# X.509 v3 extensions# A dnsname in case of a WWW server. #dns_name = "www.none.org" #dns_name = "www.morethanone.org"# A subject alternative name URI #uri = "http://www.example.com"# An IP address in case of a server. #ip_address = "192.168.1.1"# An email in case of a person email = "none@none.org"# Challenge password used in certificate requests challenge_password = 123456# Password when encrypting a private key #password = secret# An URL that has CRLs (certificate revocation lists) # available. Needed in CA certificates. #crl_dist_points = "http://www.getcrl.crl/getcrl/"# Whether this is a CA certificate or not #ca# for microsoft smart card logon # key_purpose_oid = 1.3.6.1.4.1.311.20.2.2### Other predefined key purpose OIDs# Whether this certificate will be used for a TLS client #tls_www_client# Whether this certificate will be used for a TLS server #tls_www_server# Whether this certificate will be used to sign data (needed # in TLS DHE ciphersuites). signing_key# Whether this certificate will be used to encrypt data (needed # in TLS RSA ciphersuites). Note that it is preferred to use different # keys for encryption and signing. encryption_key# Whether this key will be used to sign other certificates. #cert_signing_key# Whether this key will be used to sign CRLs. #crl_signing_key# Whether this key will be used to sign code. #code_signing_key# Whether this key will be used to sign OCSP data. #ocsp_signing_key# Whether this key will be used for time stamping. #time_stamping_key# Whether this key will be used for IPsec IKE operations. #ipsec_ike_key### end of key purpose OIDs# When generating a certificate from a certificate # request, then honor the extensions stored in the request # and store them in the real certificate. #honor_crq_extensions# Path length contraint. Sets the maximum number of # certificates that can be used to certify this certificate. # (i.e. the certificate chain length) #path_len = -1 #path_len = 2# OCSP URI # ocsp_uri = http://my.ocsp.server/ocsp# CA issuers URI # ca_issuers_uri = http://my.ca.issuer# Certificate policies #policy1 = 1.3.6.1.4.1.5484.1.10.99.1.0 #policy1_txt = "This is a long policy to summarize" #policy1_url = http://www.example.com/a-policy-to-read#policy2 = 1.3.6.1.4.1.5484.1.10.99.1.1 #policy2_txt = "This is a short policy" #policy2_url = http://www.example.com/another-policy-to-read# Name constraints# DNS #nc_permit_dns = example.com #nc_exclude_dns = test.example.com# EMAIL #nc_permit_email = "nmav@ex.net"# Exclude subdomains of example.com #nc_exclude_email = .example.com# Exclude all e-mail addresses of example.com #nc_exclude_email = example.com# Options for proxy certificates #proxy_policy_language = 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.21.1# Options for generating a CRL# The number of days the next CRL update will be due. # next CRL update will be in 43 days #crl_next_update = 43# this is the 5th CRL by this CA # Comment the field for a time-based number. #crl_number = 5
EXAMPLES¶
Generating private keys$ certtool --generate-privkey --outfile key.pem --rsa
certtool --generate-request --load-privkey key.pem --outfile request.pem
$ ./certtool --generate-request --load-privkey "pkcs11:..." --load-pubkey "pkcs11:..." --outfile request.pem
$ certtool --generate-privkey --outfile ca-key.pem $ certtool --generate-self-signed --load-privkey ca-key.pem --outfile ca-cert.pem
$ certtool --generate-certificate --load-request request.pem --outfile cert.pem --load-ca-certificate ca-cert.pem --load-ca-privkey ca-key.pem
$ certtool --generate-certificate --load-privkey key.pem --outfile cert.pem --load-ca-certificate ca-cert.pem --load-ca-privkey ca-key.pem
$ certtool --certificate-info --infile cert.pem
$ certtool --load-certificate cert.pem --load-privkey key.pem --to-p12 --outder --outfile key.p12
$ certtool --load-ca-certificate ca.pem --load-certificate cert.pem --load-privkey key.pem --to-p12 --outder --outfile key.p12
$ certtool --generate-dh-params --outfile dh.pem --sec-param medium
$ certtool --generate-privkey > proxy-key.pem $ certtool --generate-proxy --load-ca-privkey key.pem --load-privkey proxy-key.pem --load-certificate cert.pem --outfile proxy-cert.pem
$ certtool --generate-crl --load-ca-privkey x509-ca-key.pem --load-ca-certificate x509-ca.pem
$ certtool --generate-crl --load-ca-privkey x509-ca-key.pem --load-ca-certificate x509-ca.pem --load-certificate revoked-certs.pem
$ certtool --verify-crl --load-ca-certificate x509-ca.pem < crl.pem
EXIT STATUS¶
One of the following exit values will be returned:- 0 (EXIT_SUCCESS)
- Successful program execution.
- 1 (EXIT_FAILURE)
- The operation failed or the command syntax was not valid.
- 70 (EX_SOFTWARE)
- libopts had an internal operational error. Please report it to autogen-users@lists.sourceforge.net. Thank you.
SEE ALSO¶
p11tool (1)
AUTHORS¶
Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos, Simon Josefsson and others; see /usr/share/doc/gnutls/AUTHORS for a complete list.COPYRIGHT¶
Copyright (C) 2000-2014 Free Software Foundation, and others all rights reserved. This program is released under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 3 or later.BUGS¶
Please send bug reports to: bugs@gnutls.orgNOTES¶
This manual page was AutoGen-erated from the certtool option definitions.18 Sep 2014 | 3.3.8 |