NAME¶
ccmake - Curses Interface for CMake.
USAGE¶
ccmake <path-to-source>
ccmake <path-to-existing-build>
DESCRIPTION¶
The "ccmake" executable is the CMake curses interface. Project
configuration settings may be specified interactively through this GUI. Brief
instructions are provided at the bottom of the terminal when the program is
running.
CMake is a cross-platform build system generator. Projects specify their build
process with platform-independent CMake listfiles included in each directory
of a source tree with the name CMakeLists.txt. Users build a project by using
CMake to generate a build system for a native tool on their platform.
OPTIONS¶
- -C <initial-cache>
- Pre-load a script to populate the cache.
When cmake is first run in an empty build tree, it creates a CMakeCache.txt
file and populates it with customizable settings for the project. This
option may be used to specify a file from which to load cache entries
before the first pass through the project's cmake listfiles. The loaded
entries take priority over the project's default values. The given file
should be a CMake script containing SET commands that use the CACHE
option, not a cache-format file.
- -D <var>:<type>=<value>
- Create a cmake cache entry.
When cmake is first run in an empty build tree, it creates a CMakeCache.txt
file and populates it with customizable settings for the project. This
option may be used to specify a setting that takes priority over the
project's default value. The option may be repeated for as many cache
entries as desired.
- -U <globbing_expr>
- Remove matching entries from CMake cache.
This option may be used to remove one or more variables from the
CMakeCache.txt file, globbing expressions using * and ? are supported. The
option may be repeated for as many cache entries as desired.
Use with care, you can make your CMakeCache.txt non-working.
- -G <generator-name>
- Specify a makefile generator.
CMake may support multiple native build systems on certain platforms. A
makefile generator is responsible for generating a particular build
system. Possible generator names are specified in the Generators section.
- -T <toolset-name>
- Specify toolset name if supported by generator.
Some CMake generators support a toolset name to be given to the native build
system to choose a compiler. This is supported only on specific
generators:
Visual Studio >= 10
Xcode >= 3.0
See native build system documentation for allowed toolset names.
- -Wno-dev
- Suppress developer warnings.
Suppress warnings that are meant for the author of the CMakeLists.txt files.
- -Wdev
- Enable developer warnings.
Enable warnings that are meant for the author of the CMakeLists.txt files.
- --copyright [file]
- Print the CMake copyright and exit.
If a file is specified, the copyright is written into it.
- --help,-help,-usage,-h,-H,/?
- Print usage information and exit.
Usage describes the basic command line interface and its options.
- --help-full [file]
- Print full help and exit.
Full help displays most of the documentation provided by the UNIX man page.
It is provided for use on non-UNIX platforms, but is also convenient if
the man page is not installed. If a file is specified, the help is written
into it.
- --help-html [file]
- Print full help in HTML format.
This option is used by CMake authors to help produce web pages. If a file is
specified, the help is written into it.
- --help-man [file]
- Print full help as a UNIX man page and exit.
This option is used by the cmake build to generate the UNIX man page. If a
file is specified, the help is written into it.
- --version,-version,/V [file]
- Show program name/version banner and exit.
If a file is specified, the version is written into it.
GENERATORS¶
- Unix Makefiles
- Generates standard UNIX makefiles.
A hierarchy of UNIX makefiles is generated into the build tree. Any standard
UNIX-style make program can build the project through the default make
target. A "make install" target is also provided.
- Ninja
- Generates build.ninja files (experimental).
A build.ninja file is generated into the build tree. Recent versions of the
ninja program can build the project through the "all" target. An
"install" target is also provided.
- CodeBlocks - Ninja
- Generates CodeBlocks project files.
Project files for CodeBlocks will be created in the top directory and in
every subdirectory which features a CMakeLists.txt file containing a
PROJECT() call. Additionally a hierarchy of makefiles is generated into
the build tree. The appropriate make program can build the project through
the default make target. A "make install" target is also
provided.
- CodeBlocks - Unix Makefiles
- Generates CodeBlocks project files.
Project files for CodeBlocks will be created in the top directory and in
every subdirectory which features a CMakeLists.txt file containing a
PROJECT() call. Additionally a hierarchy of makefiles is generated into
the build tree. The appropriate make program can build the project through
the default make target. A "make install" target is also
provided.
- Eclipse CDT4 - Ninja
- Generates Eclipse CDT 4.0 project files.
Project files for Eclipse will be created in the top directory. In out of
source builds, a linked resource to the top level source directory will be
created.Additionally a hierarchy of makefiles is generated into the build
tree. The appropriate make program can build the project through the
default make target. A "make install" target is also provided.
- Eclipse CDT4 - Unix Makefiles
- Generates Eclipse CDT 4.0 project files.
Project files for Eclipse will be created in the top directory. In out of
source builds, a linked resource to the top level source directory will be
created.Additionally a hierarchy of makefiles is generated into the build
tree. The appropriate make program can build the project through the
default make target. A "make install" target is also provided.
- KDevelop3
- Generates KDevelop 3 project files.
Project files for KDevelop 3 will be created in the top directory and in
every subdirectory which features a CMakeLists.txt file containing a
PROJECT() call. If you change the settings using KDevelop cmake will try
its best to keep your changes when regenerating the project files.
Additionally a hierarchy of UNIX makefiles is generated into the build
tree. Any standard UNIX-style make program can build the project through
the default make target. A "make install" target is also
provided.
- KDevelop3 - Unix Makefiles
- Generates KDevelop 3 project files.
Project files for KDevelop 3 will be created in the top directory and in
every subdirectory which features a CMakeLists.txt file containing a
PROJECT() call. If you change the settings using KDevelop cmake will try
its best to keep your changes when regenerating the project files.
Additionally a hierarchy of UNIX makefiles is generated into the build
tree. Any standard UNIX-style make program can build the project through
the default make target. A "make install" target is also
provided.
- Sublime Text 2 - Ninja
- Generates Sublime Text 2 project files.
Project files for Sublime Text 2 will be created in the top directory and in
every subdirectory which features a CMakeLists.txt file containing a
PROJECT() call. Additionally Makefiles (or build.ninja files) are
generated into the build tree. The appropriate make program can build the
project through the default make target. A "make install" target
is also provided.
- Sublime Text 2 - Unix Makefiles
- Generates Sublime Text 2 project files.
Project files for Sublime Text 2 will be created in the top directory and in
every subdirectory which features a CMakeLists.txt file containing a
PROJECT() call. Additionally Makefiles (or build.ninja files) are
generated into the build tree. The appropriate make program can build the
project through the default make target. A "make install" target
is also provided.
PROPERTIES¶
CMake Properties - Properties supported by CMake, the Cross-Platform Makefile Generator.
This is the documentation for the properties supported by CMake. Properties can
have different scopes. They can either be assigned to a source file, a
directory, a target or globally to CMake. By modifying the values of
properties the behaviour of the build system can be customized.
COMMAND¶
- add_custom_command
- Add a custom build rule to the generated build system.
There are two main signatures for add_custom_command The first signature is
for adding a custom command to produce an output.
add_custom_command(OUTPUT output1 [output2 ...]
COMMAND command1 [ARGS] [args1...]
[COMMAND command2 [ARGS] [args2...] ...]
[MAIN_DEPENDENCY depend]
[DEPENDS [depends...]]
[IMPLICIT_DEPENDS <lang1> depend1
[<lang2> depend2] ...]
[WORKING_DIRECTORY dir]
[COMMENT comment] [VERBATIM] [APPEND])
This defines a command to generate specified OUTPUT file(s). A target
created in the same directory (CMakeLists.txt file) that specifies any
output of the custom command as a source file is given a rule to generate
the file using the command at build time. Do not list the output in more
than one independent target that may build in parallel or the two
instances of the rule may conflict (instead use add_custom_target to drive
the command and make the other targets depend on that one). If an output
name is a relative path it will be interpreted relative to the build tree
directory corresponding to the current source directory. Note that
MAIN_DEPENDENCY is completely optional and is used as a suggestion to
visual studio about where to hang the custom command. In makefile terms
this creates a new target in the following form:
OUTPUT: MAIN_DEPENDENCY DEPENDS
COMMAND
If more than one command is specified they will be executed in order. The
optional ARGS argument is for backward compatibility and will be ignored.
The second signature adds a custom command to a target such as a library or
executable. This is useful for performing an operation before or after
building the target. The command becomes part of the target and will only
execute when the target itself is built. If the target is already built,
the command will not execute.
add_custom_command(TARGET target
PRE_BUILD | PRE_LINK | POST_BUILD
COMMAND command1 [ARGS] [args1...]
[COMMAND command2 [ARGS] [args2...] ...]
[WORKING_DIRECTORY dir]
[COMMENT comment] [VERBATIM])
This defines a new command that will be associated with building the
specified target. When the command will happen is determined by which of
the following is specified:
PRE_BUILD - run before all other dependencies
PRE_LINK - run after other dependencies
POST_BUILD - run after the target has been built
Note that the PRE_BUILD option is only supported on Visual Studio 7 or
later. For all other generators PRE_BUILD will be treated as PRE_LINK.
If WORKING_DIRECTORY is specified the command will be executed in the
directory given. If it is a relative path it will be interpreted relative
to the build tree directory corresponding to the current source directory.
If COMMENT is set, the value will be displayed as a message before the
commands are executed at build time. If APPEND is specified the COMMAND
and DEPENDS option values are appended to the custom command for the first
output specified. There must have already been a previous call to this
command with the same output. The COMMENT, WORKING_DIRECTORY, and
MAIN_DEPENDENCY options are currently ignored when APPEND is given, but
may be used in the future.
If VERBATIM is given then all arguments to the commands will be escaped
properly for the build tool so that the invoked command receives each
argument unchanged. Note that one level of escapes is still used by the
CMake language processor before add_custom_command even sees the
arguments. Use of VERBATIM is recommended as it enables correct behavior.
When VERBATIM is not given the behavior is platform specific because there
is no protection of tool-specific special characters.
If the output of the custom command is not actually created as a file on
disk it should be marked as SYMBOLIC with SET_SOURCE_FILES_PROPERTIES.
The IMPLICIT_DEPENDS option requests scanning of implicit dependencies of an
input file. The language given specifies the programming language whose
corresponding dependency scanner should be used. Currently only C and CXX
language scanners are supported. The language has to be specified for
every file in the IMPLICIT_DEPENDS list. Dependencies discovered from the
scanning are added to those of the custom command at build time. Note that
the IMPLICIT_DEPENDS option is currently supported only for Makefile
generators and will be ignored by other generators.
If COMMAND specifies an executable target (created by ADD_EXECUTABLE) it
will automatically be replaced by the location of the executable created
at build time. Additionally a target-level dependency will be added so
that the executable target will be built before any target using this
custom command. However this does NOT add a file-level dependency that
would cause the custom command to re-run whenever the executable is
recompiled.
Arguments to COMMAND may use "generator expressions" with the
syntax "$<...>". Generator expressions are evaluted during
build system generation to produce information specific to each build
configuration. Valid expressions are:
$<0:...> = empty string (ignores "...")
$<1:...> = content of "..."
$<CONFIG:cfg> = '1' if config is "cfg", else '0'
$<CONFIGURATION> = configuration name
$<BOOL:...> = '1' if the '...' is true, else '0'
$<STREQUAL:a,b> = '1' if a is STREQUAL b, else '0'
$<ANGLE-R> = A literal '>'. Used to compare strings which contain a '>' for example.
$<COMMA> = A literal ','. Used to compare strings which contain a ',' for example.
$<SEMICOLON> = A literal ';'. Used to prevent list expansion on an argument with ';'.
$<TARGET_NAME:...> = Marks ... as being the name of a target. This is required if exporting targets to multiple dependent export sets. The '...' must be a literal name of a target- it may not contain generator expressions.
$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:...> = content of "..." when the property is exported using install(EXPORT), and empty otherwise.
$<BUILD_INTERFACE:...> = content of "..." when the property is exported using export(), or when the target is used by another target in the same buildsystem. Expands to the empty string otherwise.
$<TARGET_FILE:tgt> = main file (.exe, .so.1.2, .a)
$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE:tgt> = file used to link (.a, .lib, .so)
$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE:tgt> = file with soname (.so.3)
where "tgt" is the name of a target. Target file expressions
produce a full path, but _DIR and _NAME versions can produce the directory
and file name components:
$<TARGET_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_PROPERTY:tgt,prop> = The value of the property prop on the target tgt.
Note that tgt is not added as a dependency of the target this expression is
evaluated on.
$<TARGET_POLICY:pol> = '1' if the policy was NEW when the 'head' target was created, else '0'. If the policy was not set, the warning message for the policy will be emitted. This generator expression only works for a subset of policies.
$<INSTALL_PREFIX> = Content of the install prefix when the target is exported via INSTALL(EXPORT) and empty otherwise.
Boolean expressions:
$<AND:?[,?]...> = '1' if all '?' are '1', else '0'
$<OR:?[,?]...> = '0' if all '?' are '0', else '1'
$<NOT:?> = '0' if '?' is '1', else '1'
where '?' is always either '0' or '1'.
Expressions with an implicit 'this' target:
$<TARGET_PROPERTY:prop> = The value of the property prop on the target on which the generator expression is evaluated.
References to target names in generator expressions imply target-level
dependencies, but NOT file-level dependencies. List target names with the
DEPENDS option to add file dependencies.
The DEPENDS option specifies files on which the command depends. If any
dependency is an OUTPUT of another custom command in the same directory
(CMakeLists.txt file) CMake automatically brings the other custom command
into the target in which this command is built. If DEPENDS is not
specified the command will run whenever the OUTPUT is missing; if the
command does not actually create the OUTPUT then the rule will always run.
If DEPENDS specifies any target (created by an ADD_* command) a
target-level dependency is created to make sure the target is built before
any target using this custom command. Additionally, if the target is an
executable or library a file-level dependency is created to cause the
custom command to re-run whenever the target is recompiled.
- add_custom_target
- Add a target with no output so it will always be built.
add_custom_target(Name [ALL] [command1 [args1...]]
[COMMAND command2 [args2...] ...]
[DEPENDS depend depend depend ... ]
[WORKING_DIRECTORY dir]
[COMMENT comment] [VERBATIM]
[SOURCES src1 [src2...]])
Adds a target with the given name that executes the given commands. The
target has no output file and is ALWAYS CONSIDERED OUT OF DATE even if the
commands try to create a file with the name of the target. Use
ADD_CUSTOM_COMMAND to generate a file with dependencies. By default
nothing depends on the custom target. Use ADD_DEPENDENCIES to add
dependencies to or from other targets. If the ALL option is specified it
indicates that this target should be added to the default build target so
that it will be run every time (the command cannot be called ALL). The
command and arguments are optional and if not specified an empty target
will be created. If WORKING_DIRECTORY is set, then the command will be run
in that directory. If it is a relative path it will be interpreted
relative to the build tree directory corresponding to the current source
directory. If COMMENT is set, the value will be displayed as a message
before the commands are executed at build time. Dependencies listed with
the DEPENDS argument may reference files and outputs of custom commands
created with add_custom_command() in the same directory (CMakeLists.txt
file).
If VERBATIM is given then all arguments to the commands will be escaped
properly for the build tool so that the invoked command receives each
argument unchanged. Note that one level of escapes is still used by the
CMake language processor before add_custom_target even sees the arguments.
Use of VERBATIM is recommended as it enables correct behavior. When
VERBATIM is not given the behavior is platform specific because there is
no protection of tool-specific special characters.
The SOURCES option specifies additional source files to be included in the
custom target. Specified source files will be added to IDE project files
for convenience in editing even if they have not build rules.
- add_definitions
- Adds -D define flags to the compilation of source files.
add_definitions(-DFOO -DBAR ...)
Adds flags to the compiler command line for sources in the current directory
and below. This command can be used to add any flags, but it was
originally intended to add preprocessor definitions. Flags beginning in -D
or /D that look like preprocessor definitions are automatically added to
the COMPILE_DEFINITIONS property for the current directory. Definitions
with non-trival values may be left in the set of flags instead of being
converted for reasons of backwards compatibility. See documentation of the
directory, target, and source file COMPILE_DEFINITIONS properties for
details on adding preprocessor definitions to specific scopes and
configurations.
- add_dependencies
- Add a dependency between top-level targets.
add_dependencies(target-name depend-target1
depend-target2 ...)
Make a top-level target depend on other top-level targets. A top-level
target is one created by ADD_EXECUTABLE, ADD_LIBRARY, or
ADD_CUSTOM_TARGET. Adding dependencies with this command can be used to
make sure one target is built before another target. Dependencies added to
an IMPORTED target are followed transitively in its place since the target
itself does not build. See the DEPENDS option of ADD_CUSTOM_TARGET and
ADD_CUSTOM_COMMAND for adding file-level dependencies in custom rules. See
the OBJECT_DEPENDS option in SET_SOURCE_FILES_PROPERTIES to add file-level
dependencies to object files.
- add_executable
- Add an executable to the project using the specified source
files.
add_executable(<name> [WIN32] [MACOSX_BUNDLE]
[EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL]
source1 source2 ... sourceN)
Adds an executable target called <name> to be built from the source
files listed in the command invocation. The <name> corresponds to
the logical target name and must be globally unique within a project. The
actual file name of the executable built is constructed based on
conventions of the native platform (such as <name>.exe or just
<name>).
By default the executable file will be created in the build tree directory
corresponding to the source tree directory in which the command was
invoked. See documentation of the RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY target property
to change this location. See documentation of the OUTPUT_NAME target
property to change the <name> part of the final file name.
If WIN32 is given the property WIN32_EXECUTABLE will be set on the target
created. See documentation of that target property for details.
If MACOSX_BUNDLE is given the corresponding property will be set on the
created target. See documentation of the MACOSX_BUNDLE target property for
details.
If EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL is given the corresponding property will be set on the
created target. See documentation of the EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL target property
for details.
The add_executable command can also create IMPORTED executable targets using
this signature:
add_executable(<name> IMPORTED [GLOBAL])
An IMPORTED executable target references an executable file located outside
the project. No rules are generated to build it. The target name has scope
in the directory in which it is created and below, but the GLOBAL option
extends visibility. It may be referenced like any target built within the
project. IMPORTED executables are useful for convenient reference from
commands like add_custom_command. Details about the imported executable
are specified by setting properties whose names begin in
"IMPORTED_". The most important such property is
IMPORTED_LOCATION (and its per-configuration version
IMPORTED_LOCATION_<CONFIG>) which specifies the location of the main
executable file on disk. See documentation of the IMPORTED_* properties
for more information.
- add_library
- Add a library to the project using the specified source
files.
add_library(<name> [STATIC | SHARED | MODULE]
[EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL]
source1 source2 ... sourceN)
Adds a library target called <name> to be built from the source files
listed in the command invocation. The <name> corresponds to the
logical target name and must be globally unique within a project. The
actual file name of the library built is constructed based on conventions
of the native platform (such as lib<name>.a or <name>.lib).
STATIC, SHARED, or MODULE may be given to specify the type of library to be
created. STATIC libraries are archives of object files for use when
linking other targets. SHARED libraries are linked dynamically and loaded
at runtime. MODULE libraries are plugins that are not linked into other
targets but may be loaded dynamically at runtime using dlopen-like
functionality. If no type is given explicitly the type is STATIC or SHARED
based on whether the current value of the variable BUILD_SHARED_LIBS is
true. For SHARED and MODULE libraries the POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE target
property is set to TRUE automatically.
By default the library file will be created in the build tree directory
corresponding to the source tree directory in which the command was
invoked. See documentation of the ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY,
LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY, and RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY target properties
to change this location. See documentation of the OUTPUT_NAME target
property to change the <name> part of the final file name.
If EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL is given the corresponding property will be set on the
created target. See documentation of the EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL target property
for details.
The add_library command can also create IMPORTED library targets using this
signature:
add_library(<name> <SHARED|STATIC|MODULE|UNKNOWN> IMPORTED
[GLOBAL])
An IMPORTED library target references a library file located outside the
project. No rules are generated to build it. The target name has scope in
the directory in which it is created and below, but the GLOBAL option
extends visibility. It may be referenced like any target built within the
project. IMPORTED libraries are useful for convenient reference from
commands like target_link_libraries. Details about the imported library
are specified by setting properties whose names begin in
"IMPORTED_". The most important such property is
IMPORTED_LOCATION (and its per-configuration version
IMPORTED_LOCATION_<CONFIG>) which specifies the location of the main
library file on disk. See documentation of the IMPORTED_* properties for
more information.
The signature
add_library(<name> OBJECT <src>...)
creates a special "object library" target. An object library
compiles source files but does not archive or link their object files into
a library. Instead other targets created by add_library or add_executable
may reference the objects using an expression of the form
$<TARGET_OBJECTS:objlib> as a source, where "objlib" is
the object library name. For example:
add_library(... $<TARGET_OBJECTS:objlib> ...)
add_executable(... $<TARGET_OBJECTS:objlib> ...)
will include objlib's object files in a library and an executable along with
those compiled from their own sources. Object libraries may contain only
sources (and headers) that compile to object files. They may contain
custom commands generating such sources, but not PRE_BUILD, PRE_LINK, or
POST_BUILD commands. Object libraries cannot be imported, exported,
installed, or linked. Some native build systems may not like targets that
have only object files, so consider adding at least one real source file
to any target that references $<TARGET_OBJECTS:objlib>.
- add_subdirectory
- Add a subdirectory to the build.
add_subdirectory(source_dir [binary_dir]
[EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL])
Add a subdirectory to the build. The source_dir specifies the directory in
which the source CmakeLists.txt and code files are located. If it is a
relative path it will be evaluated with respect to the current directory
(the typical usage), but it may also be an absolute path. The binary_dir
specifies the directory in which to place the output files. If it is a
relative path it will be evaluated with respect to the current output
directory, but it may also be an absolute path. If binary_dir is not
specified, the value of source_dir, before expanding any relative path,
will be used (the typical usage). The CMakeLists.txt file in the specified
source directory will be processed immediately by CMake before processing
in the current input file continues beyond this command.
If the EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL argument is provided then targets in the
subdirectory will not be included in the ALL target of the parent
directory by default, and will be excluded from IDE project files. Users
must explicitly build targets in the subdirectory. This is meant for use
when the subdirectory contains a separate part of the project that is
useful but not necessary, such as a set of examples. Typically the
subdirectory should contain its own project() command invocation so that a
full build system will be generated in the subdirectory (such as a VS IDE
solution file). Note that inter-target dependencies supercede this
exclusion. If a target built by the parent project depends on a target in
the subdirectory, the dependee target will be included in the parent
project build system to satisfy the dependency.
- add_test
- Add a test to the project with the specified arguments.
add_test(testname Exename arg1 arg2 ... )
If the ENABLE_TESTING command has been run, this command adds a test target
to the current directory. If ENABLE_TESTING has not been run, this command
does nothing. The tests are run by the testing subsystem by executing
Exename with the specified arguments. Exename can be either an executable
built by this project or an arbitrary executable on the system (like
tclsh). The test will be run with the current working directory set to the
CMakeList.txt files corresponding directory in the binary tree.
add_test(NAME <name> [CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
[WORKING_DIRECTORY dir]
COMMAND <command> [arg1 [arg2 ...]])
If COMMAND specifies an executable target (created by add_executable) it
will automatically be replaced by the location of the executable created
at build time. If a CONFIGURATIONS option is given then the test will be
executed only when testing under one of the named configurations. If a
WORKING_DIRECTORY option is given then the test will be executed in the
given directory.
Arguments after COMMAND may use "generator expressions" with the
syntax "$<...>". Generator expressions are evaluted during
build system generation to produce information specific to each build
configuration. Valid expressions are:
$<0:...> = empty string (ignores "...")
$<1:...> = content of "..."
$<CONFIG:cfg> = '1' if config is "cfg", else '0'
$<CONFIGURATION> = configuration name
$<BOOL:...> = '1' if the '...' is true, else '0'
$<STREQUAL:a,b> = '1' if a is STREQUAL b, else '0'
$<ANGLE-R> = A literal '>'. Used to compare strings which contain a '>' for example.
$<COMMA> = A literal ','. Used to compare strings which contain a ',' for example.
$<SEMICOLON> = A literal ';'. Used to prevent list expansion on an argument with ';'.
$<TARGET_NAME:...> = Marks ... as being the name of a target. This is required if exporting targets to multiple dependent export sets. The '...' must be a literal name of a target- it may not contain generator expressions.
$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:...> = content of "..." when the property is exported using install(EXPORT), and empty otherwise.
$<BUILD_INTERFACE:...> = content of "..." when the property is exported using export(), or when the target is used by another target in the same buildsystem. Expands to the empty string otherwise.
$<TARGET_FILE:tgt> = main file (.exe, .so.1.2, .a)
$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE:tgt> = file used to link (.a, .lib, .so)
$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE:tgt> = file with soname (.so.3)
where "tgt" is the name of a target. Target file expressions
produce a full path, but _DIR and _NAME versions can produce the directory
and file name components:
$<TARGET_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_PROPERTY:tgt,prop> = The value of the property prop on the target tgt.
Note that tgt is not added as a dependency of the target this expression is
evaluated on.
$<TARGET_POLICY:pol> = '1' if the policy was NEW when the 'head' target was created, else '0'. If the policy was not set, the warning message for the policy will be emitted. This generator expression only works for a subset of policies.
$<INSTALL_PREFIX> = Content of the install prefix when the target is exported via INSTALL(EXPORT) and empty otherwise.
Boolean expressions:
$<AND:?[,?]...> = '1' if all '?' are '1', else '0'
$<OR:?[,?]...> = '0' if all '?' are '0', else '1'
$<NOT:?> = '0' if '?' is '1', else '1'
where '?' is always either '0' or '1'.
Example usage:
add_test(NAME mytest
COMMAND testDriver --config $<CONFIGURATION>
--exe $<TARGET_FILE:myexe>)
This creates a test "mytest" whose command runs a testDriver tool
passing the configuration name and the full path to the executable file
produced by target "myexe".
- aux_source_directory
- Find all source files in a directory.
aux_source_directory(<dir> <variable>)
Collects the names of all the source files in the specified directory and
stores the list in the <variable> provided. This command is intended
to be used by projects that use explicit template instantiation. Template
instantiation files can be stored in a "Templates" subdirectory
and collected automatically using this command to avoid manually listing
all instantiations.
It is tempting to use this command to avoid writing the list of source files
for a library or executable target. While this seems to work, there is no
way for CMake to generate a build system that knows when a new source file
has been added. Normally the generated build system knows when it needs to
rerun CMake because the CMakeLists.txt file is modified to add a new
source. When the source is just added to the directory without modifying
this file, one would have to manually rerun CMake to generate a build
system incorporating the new file.
- break
- Break from an enclosing foreach or while loop.
break()
Breaks from an enclosing foreach loop or while loop
- build_command
- Get the command line to build this project.
build_command(<variable>
[CONFIGURATION <config>]
[PROJECT_NAME <projname>]
[TARGET <target>])
Sets the given <variable> to a string containing the command line for
building one configuration of a target in a project using the build tool
appropriate for the current CMAKE_GENERATOR.
If CONFIGURATION is omitted, CMake chooses a reasonable default value for
multi-configuration generators. CONFIGURATION is ignored for
single-configuration generators.
If PROJECT_NAME is omitted, the resulting command line will build the top
level PROJECT in the current build tree.
If TARGET is omitted, the resulting command line will build everything,
effectively using build target 'all' or 'ALL_BUILD'.
build_command(<cachevariable> <makecommand>)
This second signature is deprecated, but still available for backwards
compatibility. Use the first signature instead.
Sets the given <cachevariable> to a string containing the command to
build this project from the root of the build tree using the build tool
given by <makecommand>. <makecommand> should be the full path
to msdev, devenv, nmake, make or one of the end user build tools.
- cmake_minimum_required
- Set the minimum required version of cmake for a project.
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION major[.minor[.patch[.tweak]]]
[FATAL_ERROR])
If the current version of CMake is lower than that required it will stop
processing the project and report an error. When a version higher than 2.4
is specified the command implicitly invokes
cmake_policy(VERSION major[.minor[.patch[.tweak]]])
which sets the cmake policy version level to the version specified. When
version 2.4 or lower is given the command implicitly invokes
cmake_policy(VERSION 2.4)
which enables compatibility features for CMake 2.4 and lower.
The FATAL_ERROR option is accepted but ignored by CMake 2.6 and higher. It
should be specified so CMake versions 2.4 and lower fail with an error
instead of just a warning.
- cmake_policy
- Manage CMake Policy settings.
As CMake evolves it is sometimes necessary to change existing behavior in
order to fix bugs or improve implementations of existing features. The
CMake Policy mechanism is designed to help keep existing projects building
as new versions of CMake introduce changes in behavior. Each new policy
(behavioral change) is given an identifier of the form
"CMP<NNNN>" where "<NNNN>" is an integer
index. Documentation associated with each policy describes the OLD and NEW
behavior and the reason the policy was introduced. Projects may set each
policy to select the desired behavior. When CMake needs to know which
behavior to use it checks for a setting specified by the project. If no
setting is available the OLD behavior is assumed and a warning is produced
requesting that the policy be set.
The cmake_policy command is used to set policies to OLD or NEW behavior.
While setting policies individually is supported, we encourage projects to
set policies based on CMake versions.
cmake_policy(VERSION major.minor[.patch[.tweak]])
Specify that the current CMake list file is written for the given version of
CMake. All policies introduced in the specified version or earlier will be
set to use NEW behavior. All policies introduced after the specified
version will be unset (unless variable
CMAKE_POLICY_DEFAULT_CMP<NNNN> sets a default). This effectively
requests behavior preferred as of a given CMake version and tells newer
CMake versions to warn about their new policies. The policy version
specified must be at least 2.4 or the command will report an error. In
order to get compatibility features supporting versions earlier than 2.4
see documentation of policy CMP0001.
cmake_policy(SET CMP<NNNN> NEW)
cmake_policy(SET CMP<NNNN> OLD)
Tell CMake to use the OLD or NEW behavior for a given policy. Projects
depending on the old behavior of a given policy may silence a policy
warning by setting the policy state to OLD. Alternatively one may fix the
project to work with the new behavior and set the policy state to NEW.
cmake_policy(GET CMP<NNNN> <variable>)
Check whether a given policy is set to OLD or NEW behavior. The output
variable value will be "OLD" or "NEW" if the policy is
set, and empty otherwise.
CMake keeps policy settings on a stack, so changes made by the cmake_policy
command affect only the top of the stack. A new entry on the policy stack
is managed automatically for each subdirectory to protect its parents and
siblings. CMake also manages a new entry for scripts loaded by include()
and find_package() commands except when invoked with the NO_POLICY_SCOPE
option (see also policy CMP0011). The cmake_policy command provides an
interface to manage custom entries on the policy stack:
cmake_policy(PUSH)
cmake_policy(POP)
Each PUSH must have a matching POP to erase any changes. This is useful to
make temporary changes to policy settings.
Functions and macros record policy settings when they are created and use
the pre-record policies when they are invoked. If the function or macro
implementation sets policies, the changes automatically propagate up
through callers until they reach the closest nested policy stack entry.
- configure_file
- Copy a file to another location and modify its contents.
configure_file(<input> <output>
[COPYONLY] [ESCAPE_QUOTES] [@ONLY]
[NEWLINE_STYLE [UNIX|DOS|WIN32|LF|CRLF] ])
Copies a file <input> to file <output> and substitutes variable
values referenced in the file content. If <input> is a relative path
it is evaluated with respect to the current source directory. The
<input> must be a file, not a directory. If <output> is a
relative path it is evaluated with respect to the current binary
directory. If <output> names an existing directory the input file is
placed in that directory with its original name.
If the <input> file is modified the build system will re-run CMake to
re-configure the file and generate the build system again.
This command replaces any variables in the input file referenced as ${VAR}
or @VAR@ with their values as determined by CMake. If a variable is not
defined, it will be replaced with nothing. If COPYONLY is specified, then
no variable expansion will take place. If ESCAPE_QUOTES is specified then
any substituted quotes will be C-style escaped. The file will be
configured with the current values of CMake variables. If @ONLY is
specified, only variables of the form @VAR@ will be replaced and ${VAR}
will be ignored. This is useful for configuring scripts that use ${VAR}.
Input file lines of the form "#cmakedefine VAR ..." will be
replaced with either "#define VAR ..." or "/* #undef VAR
*/" depending on whether VAR is set in CMake to any value not
considered a false constant by the if() command. (Content of
"...", if any, is processed as above.) Input file lines of the
form "#cmakedefine01 VAR" will be replaced with either
"#define VAR 1" or "#define VAR 0" similarly.
With NEWLINE_STYLE the line ending could be adjusted:
'UNIX' or 'LF' for \n, 'DOS', 'WIN32' or 'CRLF' for \r\n.
COPYONLY must not be used with NEWLINE_STYLE.
- create_test_sourcelist
- Create a test driver and source list for building test
programs.
create_test_sourcelist(sourceListName driverName
test1 test2 test3
EXTRA_INCLUDE include.h
FUNCTION function)
A test driver is a program that links together many small tests into a
single executable. This is useful when building static executables with
large libraries to shrink the total required size. The list of source
files needed to build the test driver will be in sourceListName.
DriverName is the name of the test driver program. The rest of the
arguments consist of a list of test source files, can be semicolon
separated. Each test source file should have a function in it that is the
same name as the file with no extension (foo.cxx should have int foo(int,
char*[]);) DriverName will be able to call each of the tests by name on
the command line. If EXTRA_INCLUDE is specified, then the next argument is
included into the generated file. If FUNCTION is specified, then the next
argument is taken as a function name that is passed a pointer to ac and
av. This can be used to add extra command line processing to each test.
The cmake variable CMAKE_TESTDRIVER_BEFORE_TESTMAIN can be set to have
code that will be placed directly before calling the test main function.
CMAKE_TESTDRIVER_AFTER_TESTMAIN can be set to have code that will be
placed directly after the call to the test main function.
- define_property
- Define and document custom properties.
define_property(<GLOBAL | DIRECTORY | TARGET | SOURCE |
TEST | VARIABLE | CACHED_VARIABLE>
PROPERTY <name> [INHERITED]
BRIEF_DOCS <brief-doc> [docs...]
FULL_DOCS <full-doc> [docs...])
Define one property in a scope for use with the set_property and
get_property commands. This is primarily useful to associate documentation
with property names that may be retrieved with the get_property command.
The first argument determines the kind of scope in which the property
should be used. It must be one of the following:
GLOBAL = associated with the global namespace
DIRECTORY = associated with one directory
TARGET = associated with one target
SOURCE = associated with one source file
TEST = associated with a test named with add_test
VARIABLE = documents a CMake language variable
CACHED_VARIABLE = documents a CMake cache variable
Note that unlike set_property and get_property no actual scope needs to be
given; only the kind of scope is important.
The required PROPERTY option is immediately followed by the name of the
property being defined.
If the INHERITED option then the get_property command will chain up to the
next higher scope when the requested property is not set in the scope
given to the command. DIRECTORY scope chains to GLOBAL. TARGET, SOURCE,
and TEST chain to DIRECTORY.
The BRIEF_DOCS and FULL_DOCS options are followed by strings to be
associated with the property as its brief and full documentation.
Corresponding options to the get_property command will retrieve the
documentation.
- else
- Starts the else portion of an if block.
else(expression)
See the if command.
- elseif
- Starts the elseif portion of an if block.
elseif(expression)
See the if command.
- enable_language
- Enable a language (CXX/C/Fortran/etc)
enable_language(languageName [OPTIONAL] )
This command enables support for the named language in CMake. This is the
same as the project command but does not create any of the extra variables
that are created by the project command. Example languages are CXX, C,
Fortran. If OPTIONAL is used, use the
CMAKE_<languageName>_COMPILER_WORKS variable to check whether the
language has been enabled successfully.
This command must be called on file scope (not inside a function) and the
language enabled can only be used in the calling project or its
subdirectories added by add_subdirectory(). Also note that at present, the
OPTIONAL argument does not work.
- enable_testing
- Enable testing for current directory and below.
enable_testing()
Enables testing for this directory and below. See also the add_test command.
Note that ctest expects to find a test file in the build directory root.
Therefore, this command should be in the source directory root.
- endforeach
- Ends a list of commands in a FOREACH block.
endforeach(expression)
See the FOREACH command.
- endfunction
- Ends a list of commands in a function block.
endfunction(expression)
See the function command.
- endif
- Ends a list of commands in an if block.
endif(expression)
See the if command.
- endmacro
- Ends a list of commands in a macro block.
endmacro(expression)
See the macro command.
- endwhile
- Ends a list of commands in a while block.
endwhile(expression)
See the while command.
- execute_process
- Execute one or more child processes.
execute_process(COMMAND <cmd1> [args1...]]
[COMMAND <cmd2> [args2...] [...]]
[WORKING_DIRECTORY <directory>]
[TIMEOUT <seconds>]
[RESULT_VARIABLE <variable>]
[OUTPUT_VARIABLE <variable>]
[ERROR_VARIABLE <variable>]
[INPUT_FILE <file>]
[OUTPUT_FILE <file>]
[ERROR_FILE <file>]
[OUTPUT_QUIET]
[ERROR_QUIET]
[OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE]
[ERROR_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE])
Runs the given sequence of one or more commands with the standard output of
each process piped to the standard input of the next. A single standard
error pipe is used for all processes. If WORKING_DIRECTORY is given the
named directory will be set as the current working directory of the child
processes. If TIMEOUT is given the child processes will be terminated if
they do not finish in the specified number of seconds (fractions are
allowed). If RESULT_VARIABLE is given the variable will be set to contain
the result of running the processes. This will be an integer return code
from the last child or a string describing an error condition. If
OUTPUT_VARIABLE or ERROR_VARIABLE are given the variable named will be set
with the contents of the standard output and standard error pipes
respectively. If the same variable is named for both pipes their output
will be merged in the order produced. If INPUT_FILE, OUTPUT_FILE, or
ERROR_FILE is given the file named will be attached to the standard input
of the first process, standard output of the last process, or standard
error of all processes respectively. If OUTPUT_QUIET or ERROR_QUIET is
given then the standard output or standard error results will be quietly
ignored. If more than one OUTPUT_* or ERROR_* option is given for the same
pipe the precedence is not specified. If no OUTPUT_* or ERROR_* options
are given the output will be shared with the corresponding pipes of the
CMake process itself.
The execute_process command is a newer more powerful version of
exec_program, but the old command has been kept for compatibility.
- export
- Export targets from the build tree for use by outside
projects.
export(TARGETS [target1 [target2 [...]]] [NAMESPACE <namespace>]
[APPEND] FILE <filename>)
Create a file <filename> that may be included by outside projects to
import targets from the current project's build tree. This is useful
during cross-compiling to build utility executables that can run on the
host platform in one project and then import them into another project
being compiled for the target platform. If the NAMESPACE option is given
the <namespace> string will be prepended to all target names written
to the file. If the APPEND option is given the generated code will be
appended to the file instead of overwriting it. If a library target is
included in the export but a target to which it links is not included the
behavior is unspecified.
The file created by this command is specific to the build tree and should
never be installed. See the install(EXPORT) command to export targets from
an installation tree.
Do not set properties that affect the location of a target after passing it
to this command. These include properties whose names match
"(RUNTIME|LIBRARY|ARCHIVE)_OUTPUT_(NAME|DIRECTORY)(_<CONFIG>)?",
"(IMPLIB_)?(PREFIX|SUFFIX)", or "LINKER_LANGUAGE".
Failure to follow this rule is not diagnosed and leaves the location of
the target undefined.
export(PACKAGE <name>)
Store the current build directory in the CMake user package registry for
package <name>. The find_package command may consider the directory
while searching for package <name>. This helps dependent projects
find and use a package from the current project's build tree without help
from the user. Note that the entry in the package registry that this
command creates works only in conjunction with a package configuration
file (<name>Config.cmake) that works with the build tree.
- file
- File manipulation command.
file(WRITE filename "message to write"... )
file(APPEND filename "message to write"... )
file(READ filename variable [LIMIT numBytes] [OFFSET offset] [HEX])
file(<MD5|SHA1|SHA224|SHA256|SHA384|SHA512> filename variable)
file(STRINGS filename variable [LIMIT_COUNT num]
[LIMIT_INPUT numBytes] [LIMIT_OUTPUT numBytes]
[LENGTH_MINIMUM numBytes] [LENGTH_MAXIMUM numBytes]
[NEWLINE_CONSUME] [REGEX regex]
[NO_HEX_CONVERSION])
file(GLOB variable [RELATIVE path] [globbing expressions]...)
file(GLOB_RECURSE variable [RELATIVE path]
[FOLLOW_SYMLINKS] [globbing expressions]...)
file(RENAME <oldname> <newname>)
file(REMOVE [file1 ...])
file(REMOVE_RECURSE [file1 ...])
file(MAKE_DIRECTORY [directory1 directory2 ...])
file(RELATIVE_PATH variable directory file)
file(TO_CMAKE_PATH path result)
file(TO_NATIVE_PATH path result)
file(DOWNLOAD url file [INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT timeout]
[TIMEOUT timeout] [STATUS status] [LOG log] [SHOW_PROGRESS]
[EXPECTED_HASH ALGO=value] [EXPECTED_MD5 sum]
[TLS_VERIFY on|off] [TLS_CAINFO file])
file(UPLOAD filename url [INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT timeout]
[TIMEOUT timeout] [STATUS status] [LOG log] [SHOW_PROGRESS])
file(TIMESTAMP filename variable [<format string>] [UTC])
WRITE will write a message into a file called 'filename'. It overwrites the
file if it already exists, and creates the file if it does not exist. (If
the file is a build input, use configure_file to update the file only when
its content changes.)
APPEND will write a message into a file same as WRITE, except it will append
it to the end of the file
READ will read the content of a file and store it into the variable. It will
start at the given offset and read up to numBytes. If the argument HEX is
given, the binary data will be converted to hexadecimal representation and
this will be stored in the variable.
MD5, SHA1, SHA224, SHA256, SHA384, and SHA512 will compute a cryptographic
hash of the content of a file.
STRINGS will parse a list of ASCII strings from a file and store it in a
variable. Binary data in the file are ignored. Carriage return (CR)
characters are ignored. It works also for Intel Hex and Motorola S-record
files, which are automatically converted to binary format when reading
them. Disable this using NO_HEX_CONVERSION.
LIMIT_COUNT sets the maximum number of strings to return. LIMIT_INPUT sets
the maximum number of bytes to read from the input file. LIMIT_OUTPUT sets
the maximum number of bytes to store in the output variable.
LENGTH_MINIMUM sets the minimum length of a string to return. Shorter
strings are ignored. LENGTH_MAXIMUM sets the maximum length of a string to
return. Longer strings are split into strings no longer than the maximum
length. NEWLINE_CONSUME allows newlines to be included in strings instead
of terminating them.
REGEX specifies a regular expression that a string must match to be
returned. Typical usage
file(STRINGS myfile.txt myfile)
stores a list in the variable "myfile" in which each item is a
line from the input file.
GLOB will generate a list of all files that match the globbing expressions
and store it into the variable. Globbing expressions are similar to
regular expressions, but much simpler. If RELATIVE flag is specified for
an expression, the results will be returned as a relative path to the
given path. (We do not recommend using GLOB to collect a list of source
files from your source tree. If no CMakeLists.txt file changes when a
source is added or removed then the generated build system cannot know
when to ask CMake to regenerate.)
Examples of globbing expressions include:
*.cxx - match all files with extension cxx
*.vt? - match all files with extension vta,...,vtz
f[3-5].txt - match files f3.txt, f4.txt, f5.txt
GLOB_RECURSE will generate a list similar to the regular GLOB, except it
will traverse all the subdirectories of the matched directory and match
the files. Subdirectories that are symlinks are only traversed if
FOLLOW_SYMLINKS is given or cmake policy CMP0009 is not set to NEW. See
cmake --help-policy CMP0009 for more information.
Examples of recursive globbing include:
/dir/*.py - match all python files in /dir and subdirectories
MAKE_DIRECTORY will create the given directories, also if their parent
directories don't exist yet
RENAME moves a file or directory within a filesystem, replacing the
destination atomically.
REMOVE will remove the given files, also in subdirectories
REMOVE_RECURSE will remove the given files and directories, also non-empty
directories
RELATIVE_PATH will determine relative path from directory to the given file.
TO_CMAKE_PATH will convert path into a cmake style path with unix /. The
input can be a single path or a system path like "$ENV{PATH}".
Note the double quotes around the ENV call TO_CMAKE_PATH only takes one
argument. This command will also convert the native list delimiters for a
list of paths like the PATH environment variable.
TO_NATIVE_PATH works just like TO_CMAKE_PATH, but will convert from a cmake
style path into the native path style \ for windows and / for UNIX.
DOWNLOAD will download the given URL to the given file. If LOG var is
specified a log of the download will be put in var. If STATUS var is
specified the status of the operation will be put in var. The status is
returned in a list of length 2. The first element is the numeric return
value for the operation, and the second element is a string value for the
error. A 0 numeric error means no error in the operation. If TIMEOUT time
is specified, the operation will timeout after time seconds, time should
be specified as an integer. The INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT specifies an integer
number of seconds of inactivity after which the operation should
terminate. If EXPECTED_HASH ALGO=value is specified, the operation will
verify that the downloaded file's actual hash matches the expected value,
where ALGO is one of MD5, SHA1, SHA224, SHA256, SHA384, or SHA512. If it
does not match, the operation fails with an error. ("EXPECTED_MD5
sum" is short-hand for "EXPECTED_HASH MD5=sum".) If
SHOW_PROGRESS is specified, progress information will be printed as status
messages until the operation is complete. For https URLs CMake must be
built with OpenSSL. TLS/SSL certificates are not checked by default. Set
TLS_VERIFY to ON to check certificates and/or use EXPECTED_HASH to verify
downloaded content. Set TLS_CAINFO to specify a custom Certificate
Authority file. If either TLS option is not given CMake will check
variables CMAKE_TLS_VERIFY and CMAKE_TLS_CAINFO, respectively.
UPLOAD will upload the given file to the given URL. If LOG var is specified
a log of the upload will be put in var. If STATUS var is specified the
status of the operation will be put in var. The status is returned in a
list of length 2. The first element is the numeric return value for the
operation, and the second element is a string value for the error. A 0
numeric error means no error in the operation. If TIMEOUT time is
specified, the operation will timeout after time seconds, time should be
specified as an integer. The INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT specifies an integer
number of seconds of inactivity after which the operation should
terminate. If SHOW_PROGRESS is specified, progress information will be
printed as status messages until the operation is complete.
TIMESTAMP will write a string representation of the modification time of
filename to variable.
Should the command be unable to obtain a timestamp variable will be set to
the empty string "".
See documentation of the string TIMESTAMP sub-command for more details.
The file() command also provides COPY and INSTALL signatures:
file(<COPY|INSTALL> files... DESTINATION <dir>
[FILE_PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[DIRECTORY_PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[NO_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS] [USE_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS]
[FILES_MATCHING]
[[PATTERN <pattern> | REGEX <regex>]
[EXCLUDE] [PERMISSIONS permissions...]] [...])
The COPY signature copies files, directories, and symlinks to a destination
folder. Relative input paths are evaluated with respect to the current
source directory, and a relative destination is evaluated with respect to
the current build directory. Copying preserves input file timestamps, and
optimizes out a file if it exists at the destination with the same
timestamp. Copying preserves input permissions unless explicit permissions
or NO_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS are given (default is USE_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS).
See the install(DIRECTORY) command for documentation of permissions,
PATTERN, REGEX, and EXCLUDE options.
The INSTALL signature differs slightly from COPY: it prints status messages,
and NO_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS is default. Installation scripts generated by
the install() command use this signature (with some undocumented options
for internal use).
- find_file
- Find the full path to a file.
find_file(<VAR> name1 [path1 path2 ...])
This is the short-hand signature for the command that is sufficient in many
cases. It is the same as find_file(<VAR> name1 [PATHS path1 path2
...])
find_file(
<VAR>
name | NAMES name1 [name2 ...]
[HINTS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATHS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATH_SUFFIXES suffix1 [suffix2 ...]]
[DOC "cache documentation string"]
[NO_DEFAULT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_PATH]
[NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH]
[CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH |
ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH |
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH]
)
This command is used to find a full path to named file. A cache entry named
by <VAR> is created to store the result of this command. If the full
path to a file is found the result is stored in the variable and the
search will not be repeated unless the variable is cleared. If nothing is
found, the result will be <VAR>-NOTFOUND, and the search will be
attempted again the next time find_file is invoked with the same variable.
The name of the full path to a file that is searched for is specified by
the names listed after the NAMES argument. Additional search locations can
be specified after the PATHS argument. If ENV var is found in the HINTS or
PATHS section the environment variable var will be read and converted from
a system environment variable to a cmake style list of paths. For example
ENV PATH would be a way to list the system path variable. The argument
after DOC will be used for the documentation string in the cache.
PATH_SUFFIXES specifies additional subdirectories to check below each
search path.
If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is specified, then no additional paths are added to the
search. If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is not specified, the search process is as
follows:
1. Search paths specified in cmake-specific cache variables. These are
intended to be used on the command line with a -DVAR=value. This can be
skipped if NO_CMAKE_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/include/<arch> if CMAKE_LIBRARY_ARCHITECTURE is set, and
<prefix>/include for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
2. Search paths specified in cmake-specific environment variables. These are
intended to be set in the user's shell configuration. This can be skipped
if NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/include/<arch> if CMAKE_LIBRARY_ARCHITECTURE is set, and
<prefix>/include for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
3. Search the paths specified by the HINTS option. These should be paths
computed by system introspection, such as a hint provided by the location
of another item already found. Hard-coded guesses should be specified with
the PATHS option.
4. Search the standard system environment variables. This can be skipped if
NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is an argument.
PATH
INCLUDE
5. Search cmake variables defined in the Platform files for the current
system. This can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/include/<arch> if CMAKE_LIBRARY_ARCHITECTURE is set, and
<prefix>/include for each <prefix> in CMAKE_SYSTEM_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_INCLUDE_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_FRAMEWORK_PATH
6. Search the paths specified by the PATHS option or in the short-hand
version of the command. These are typically hard-coded guesses.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Frameworks, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find frameworks before standard
libraries or headers. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find frameworks after standard
libraries or headers.
"ONLY" - Only try to find frameworks.
"NEVER" - Never try to find frameworks.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Application Bundles, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_APPBUNDLE can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find application bundles before standard
programs. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find application bundles after standard
programs.
"ONLY" - Only try to find application bundles.
"NEVER" - Never try to find application bundles.
The CMake variable CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH specifies one or more directories to
be prepended to all other search directories. This effectively
"re-roots" the entire search under given locations. By default
it is empty. It is especially useful when cross-compiling to point to the
root directory of the target environment and CMake will search there too.
By default at first the directories listed in CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH and
then the non-rooted directories will be searched. The default behavior can
be adjusted by setting CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE. This behavior
can be manually overridden on a per-call basis. By using
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH the search order will be as described above. If
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH will not be
used. If ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then only the re-rooted
directories will be searched.
The default search order is designed to be most-specific to least-specific
for common use cases. Projects may override the order by simply calling
the command multiple times and using the NO_* options:
find_file(<VAR> NAMES name PATHS paths... NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
find_file(<VAR> NAMES name)
Once one of the calls succeeds the result variable will be set and stored in
the cache so that no call will search again.
- find_library
- Find a library.
find_library(<VAR> name1 [path1 path2 ...])
This is the short-hand signature for the command that is sufficient in many
cases. It is the same as find_library(<VAR> name1 [PATHS path1 path2
...])
find_library(
<VAR>
name | NAMES name1 [name2 ...] [NAMES_PER_DIR]
[HINTS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATHS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATH_SUFFIXES suffix1 [suffix2 ...]]
[DOC "cache documentation string"]
[NO_DEFAULT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_PATH]
[NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH]
[CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH |
ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH |
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH]
)
This command is used to find a library. A cache entry named by <VAR>
is created to store the result of this command. If the library is found
the result is stored in the variable and the search will not be repeated
unless the variable is cleared. If nothing is found, the result will be
<VAR>-NOTFOUND, and the search will be attempted again the next time
find_library is invoked with the same variable. The name of the library
that is searched for is specified by the names listed after the NAMES
argument. Additional search locations can be specified after the PATHS
argument. If ENV var is found in the HINTS or PATHS section the
environment variable var will be read and converted from a system
environment variable to a cmake style list of paths. For example ENV PATH
would be a way to list the system path variable. The argument after DOC
will be used for the documentation string in the cache. PATH_SUFFIXES
specifies additional subdirectories to check below each search path.
If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is specified, then no additional paths are added to the
search. If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is not specified, the search process is as
follows:
1. Search paths specified in cmake-specific cache variables. These are
intended to be used on the command line with a -DVAR=value. This can be
skipped if NO_CMAKE_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/lib/<arch> if CMAKE_LIBRARY_ARCHITECTURE is set, and
<prefix>/lib for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
2. Search paths specified in cmake-specific environment variables. These are
intended to be set in the user's shell configuration. This can be skipped
if NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/lib/<arch> if CMAKE_LIBRARY_ARCHITECTURE is set, and
<prefix>/lib for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
3. Search the paths specified by the HINTS option. These should be paths
computed by system introspection, such as a hint provided by the location
of another item already found. Hard-coded guesses should be specified with
the PATHS option.
4. Search the standard system environment variables. This can be skipped if
NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is an argument.
PATH
LIB
5. Search cmake variables defined in the Platform files for the current
system. This can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/lib/<arch> if CMAKE_LIBRARY_ARCHITECTURE is set, and
<prefix>/lib for each <prefix> in CMAKE_SYSTEM_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_LIBRARY_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_FRAMEWORK_PATH
6. Search the paths specified by the PATHS option or in the short-hand
version of the command. These are typically hard-coded guesses.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Frameworks, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find frameworks before standard
libraries or headers. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find frameworks after standard
libraries or headers.
"ONLY" - Only try to find frameworks.
"NEVER" - Never try to find frameworks.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Application Bundles, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_APPBUNDLE can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find application bundles before standard
programs. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find application bundles after standard
programs.
"ONLY" - Only try to find application bundles.
"NEVER" - Never try to find application bundles.
The CMake variable CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH specifies one or more directories to
be prepended to all other search directories. This effectively
"re-roots" the entire search under given locations. By default
it is empty. It is especially useful when cross-compiling to point to the
root directory of the target environment and CMake will search there too.
By default at first the directories listed in CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH and
then the non-rooted directories will be searched. The default behavior can
be adjusted by setting CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY. This behavior
can be manually overridden on a per-call basis. By using
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH the search order will be as described above. If
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH will not be
used. If ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then only the re-rooted
directories will be searched.
The default search order is designed to be most-specific to least-specific
for common use cases. Projects may override the order by simply calling
the command multiple times and using the NO_* options:
find_library(<VAR> NAMES name PATHS paths... NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
find_library(<VAR> NAMES name)
Once one of the calls succeeds the result variable will be set and stored in
the cache so that no call will search again.
When more than one value is given to the NAMES option this command by
default will consider one name at a time and search every directory for
it. The NAMES_PER_DIR option tells this command to consider one directory
at a time and search for all names in it.
If the library found is a framework, then VAR will be set to the full path
to the framework <fullPath>/A.framework. When a full path to a
framework is used as a library, CMake will use a -framework A, and a
-F<fullPath> to link the framework to the target.
If the global property FIND_LIBRARY_USE_LIB64_PATHS is set all search paths
will be tested as normal, with "64/" appended, and with all
matches of "lib/" replaced with "lib64/". This
property is automatically set for the platforms that are known to need it
if at least one of the languages supported by the PROJECT command is
enabled.
- find_package
- Load settings for an external project.
find_package(<package> [version] [EXACT] [QUIET] [MODULE]
[REQUIRED] [[COMPONENTS] [components...]]
[OPTIONAL_COMPONENTS components...]
[NO_POLICY_SCOPE])
Finds and loads settings from an external project. <package>_FOUND
will be set to indicate whether the package was found. When the package is
found package-specific information is provided through variables and
imported targets documented by the package itself. The QUIET option
disables messages if the package cannot be found. The MODULE option
disables the second signature documented below. The REQUIRED option stops
processing with an error message if the package cannot be found.
A package-specific list of required components may be listed after the
COMPONENTS option (or after the REQUIRED option if present). Additional
optional components may be listed after OPTIONAL_COMPONENTS. Available
components and their influence on whether a package is considered to be
found are defined by the target package.
The [version] argument requests a version with which the package found
should be compatible (format is major[.minor[.patch[.tweak]]]). The EXACT
option requests that the version be matched exactly. If no [version]
and/or component list is given to a recursive invocation inside a
find-module, the corresponding arguments are forwarded automatically from
the outer call (including the EXACT flag for [version]). Version support
is currently provided only on a package-by-package basis (details below).
User code should generally look for packages using the above simple
signature. The remainder of this command documentation specifies the full
command signature and details of the search process. Project maintainers
wishing to provide a package to be found by this command are encouraged to
read on.
The command has two modes by which it searches for packages:
"Module" mode and "Config" mode. Module mode is
available when the command is invoked with the above reduced signature.
CMake searches for a file called "Find<package>.cmake" in
the CMAKE_MODULE_PATH followed by the CMake installation. If the file is
found, it is read and processed by CMake. It is responsible for finding
the package, checking the version, and producing any needed messages. Many
find-modules provide limited or no support for versioning; check the
module documentation. If no module is found and the MODULE option is not
given the command proceeds to Config mode.
The complete Config mode command signature is:
find_package(<package> [version] [EXACT] [QUIET]
[REQUIRED] [[COMPONENTS] [components...]]
[CONFIG|NO_MODULE]
[NO_POLICY_SCOPE]
[NAMES name1 [name2 ...]]
[CONFIGS config1 [config2 ...]]
[HINTS path1 [path2 ... ]]
[PATHS path1 [path2 ... ]]
[PATH_SUFFIXES suffix1 [suffix2 ...]]
[NO_DEFAULT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_PATH]
[NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_PACKAGE_REGISTRY]
[NO_CMAKE_BUILDS_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PACKAGE_REGISTRY]
[CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH |
ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH |
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH])
The CONFIG option may be used to skip Module mode explicitly and switch to
Config mode. It is synonymous to using NO_MODULE. Config mode is also
implied by use of options not specified in the reduced signature.
Config mode attempts to locate a configuration file provided by the package
to be found. A cache entry called <package>_DIR is created to hold
the directory containing the file. By default the command searches for a
package with the name <package>. If the NAMES option is given the
names following it are used instead of <package>. The command
searches for a file called "<name>Config.cmake" or
"<lower-case-name>-config.cmake" for each name specified.
A replacement set of possible configuration file names may be given using
the CONFIGS option. The search procedure is specified below. Once found,
the configuration file is read and processed by CMake. Since the file is
provided by the package it already knows the location of package contents.
The full path to the configuration file is stored in the cmake variable
<package>_CONFIG.
All configuration files which have been considered by CMake while searching
for an installation of the package with an appropriate version are stored
in the cmake variable <package>_CONSIDERED_CONFIGS, the associated
versions in <package>_CONSIDERED_VERSIONS.
If the package configuration file cannot be found CMake will generate an
error describing the problem unless the QUIET argument is specified. If
REQUIRED is specified and the package is not found a fatal error is
generated and the configure step stops executing. If <package>_DIR
has been set to a directory not containing a configuration file CMake will
ignore it and search from scratch.
When the [version] argument is given Config mode will only find a version of
the package that claims compatibility with the requested version (format
is major[.minor[.patch[.tweak]]]). If the EXACT option is given only a
version of the package claiming an exact match of the requested version
may be found. CMake does not establish any convention for the meaning of
version numbers. Package version numbers are checked by
"version" files provided by the packages themselves. For a
candidate package configuration file "<config-file>.cmake"
the corresponding version file is located next to it and named either
"<config-file>-version.cmake" or
"<config-file>Version.cmake". If no such version file is
available then the configuration file is assumed to not be compatible with
any requested version. A basic version file containing generic version
matching code can be created using the macro
write_basic_package_version_file(), see its documentation for more
details. When a version file is found it is loaded to check the requested
version number. The version file is loaded in a nested scope in which the
following variables have been defined:
PACKAGE_FIND_NAME = the <package> name
PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION = full requested version string
PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION_MAJOR = major version if requested, else 0
PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION_MINOR = minor version if requested, else 0
PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION_PATCH = patch version if requested, else 0
PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION_TWEAK = tweak version if requested, else 0
PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION_COUNT = number of version components, 0 to 4
The version file checks whether it satisfies the requested version and sets
these variables:
PACKAGE_VERSION = full provided version string
PACKAGE_VERSION_EXACT = true if version is exact match
PACKAGE_VERSION_COMPATIBLE = true if version is compatible
PACKAGE_VERSION_UNSUITABLE = true if unsuitable as any version
These variables are checked by the find_package command to determine whether
the configuration file provides an acceptable version. They are not
available after the find_package call returns. If the version is
acceptable the following variables are set:
<package>_VERSION = full provided version string
<package>_VERSION_MAJOR = major version if provided, else 0
<package>_VERSION_MINOR = minor version if provided, else 0
<package>_VERSION_PATCH = patch version if provided, else 0
<package>_VERSION_TWEAK = tweak version if provided, else 0
<package>_VERSION_COUNT = number of version components, 0 to 4
and the corresponding package configuration file is loaded. When multiple
package configuration files are available whose version files claim
compatibility with the version requested it is unspecified which one is
chosen. No attempt is made to choose a highest or closest version number.
Config mode provides an elaborate interface and search procedure. Much of
the interface is provided for completeness and for use internally by
find-modules loaded by Module mode. Most user code should simply call
find_package(<package> [major[.minor]] [EXACT] [REQUIRED|QUIET])
in order to find a package. Package maintainers providing CMake package
configuration files are encouraged to name and install them such that the
procedure outlined below will find them without requiring use of
additional options.
CMake constructs a set of possible installation prefixes for the package.
Under each prefix several directories are searched for a configuration
file. The tables below show the directories searched. Each entry is meant
for installation trees following Windows (W), UNIX (U), or Apple (A)
conventions.
<prefix>/ (W)
<prefix>/(cmake|CMake)/ (W)
<prefix>/<name>*/ (W)
<prefix>/<name>*/(cmake|CMake)/ (W)
<prefix>/(lib/<arch>|lib|share)/cmake/<name>*/ (U)
<prefix>/(lib/<arch>|lib|share)/<name>*/ (U)
<prefix>/(lib/<arch>|lib|share)/<name>*/(cmake|CMake)/ (U)
On systems supporting OS X Frameworks and Application Bundles the following
directories are searched for frameworks or bundles containing a
configuration file:
<prefix>/<name>.framework/Resources/ (A)
<prefix>/<name>.framework/Resources/CMake/ (A)
<prefix>/<name>.framework/Versions/*/Resources/ (A)
<prefix>/<name>.framework/Versions/*/Resources/CMake/ (A)
<prefix>/<name>.app/Contents/Resources/ (A)
<prefix>/<name>.app/Contents/Resources/CMake/ (A)
In all cases the <name> is treated as case-insensitive and corresponds
to any of the names specified (<package> or names given by NAMES).
Paths with lib/<arch> are enabled if CMAKE_LIBRARY_ARCHITECTURE is
set. If PATH_SUFFIXES is specified the suffixes are appended to each (W)
or (U) directory entry one-by-one.
This set of directories is intended to work in cooperation with projects
that provide configuration files in their installation trees. Directories
above marked with (W) are intended for installations on Windows where the
prefix may point at the top of an application's installation directory.
Those marked with (U) are intended for installations on UNIX platforms
where the prefix is shared by multiple packages. This is merely a
convention, so all (W) and (U) directories are still searched on all
platforms. Directories marked with (A) are intended for installations on
Apple platforms. The cmake variables CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK and
CMAKE_FIND_APPBUNDLE determine the order of preference as specified below.
The set of installation prefixes is constructed using the following steps.
If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is specified all NO_* options are enabled.
1. Search paths specified in cmake-specific cache variables. These are
intended to be used on the command line with a -DVAR=value. This can be
skipped if NO_CMAKE_PATH is passed.
CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
CMAKE_APPBUNDLE_PATH
2. Search paths specified in cmake-specific environment variables. These are
intended to be set in the user's shell configuration. This can be skipped
if NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is passed.
<package>_DIR
CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
CMAKE_APPBUNDLE_PATH
3. Search paths specified by the HINTS option. These should be paths
computed by system introspection, such as a hint provided by the location
of another item already found. Hard-coded guesses should be specified with
the PATHS option.
4. Search the standard system environment variables. This can be skipped if
NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is passed. Path entries ending in
"/bin" or "/sbin" are automatically converted to their
parent directories.
PATH
5. Search project build trees recently configured in a CMake GUI. This can
be skipped if NO_CMAKE_BUILDS_PATH is passed. It is intended for the case
when a user is building multiple dependent projects one after another.
6. Search paths stored in the CMake user package registry. This can be
skipped if NO_CMAKE_PACKAGE_REGISTRY is passed. On Windows a
<package> may appear under registry key
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Kitware\CMake\Packages\<package>
as a REG_SZ value, with arbitrary name, that specifies the directory
containing the package configuration file. On UNIX platforms a
<package> may appear under the directory
~/.cmake/packages/<package>
as a file, with arbitrary name, whose content specifies the directory
containing the package configuration file. See the export(PACKAGE) command
to create user package registry entries for project build trees.
7. Search cmake variables defined in the Platform files for the current
system. This can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH is passed.
CMAKE_SYSTEM_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_FRAMEWORK_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_APPBUNDLE_PATH
8. Search paths stored in the CMake system package registry. This can be
skipped if NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PACKAGE_REGISTRY is passed. On Windows a
<package> may appear under registry key
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Kitware\CMake\Packages\<package>
as a REG_SZ value, with arbitrary name, that specifies the directory
containing the package configuration file. There is no system package
registry on non-Windows platforms.
9. Search paths specified by the PATHS option. These are typically
hard-coded guesses.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Frameworks, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find frameworks before standard
libraries or headers. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find frameworks after standard
libraries or headers.
"ONLY" - Only try to find frameworks.
"NEVER" - Never try to find frameworks.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Application Bundles, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_APPBUNDLE can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find application bundles before standard
programs. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find application bundles after standard
programs.
"ONLY" - Only try to find application bundles.
"NEVER" - Never try to find application bundles.
The CMake variable CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH specifies one or more directories to
be prepended to all other search directories. This effectively
"re-roots" the entire search under given locations. By default
it is empty. It is especially useful when cross-compiling to point to the
root directory of the target environment and CMake will search there too.
By default at first the directories listed in CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH and
then the non-rooted directories will be searched. The default behavior can
be adjusted by setting CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE. This behavior
can be manually overridden on a per-call basis. By using
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH the search order will be as described above. If
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH will not be
used. If ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then only the re-rooted
directories will be searched.
The default search order is designed to be most-specific to least-specific
for common use cases. Projects may override the order by simply calling
the command multiple times and using the NO_* options:
find_package(<package> PATHS paths... NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
find_package(<package>)
Once one of the calls succeeds the result variable will be set and stored in
the cache so that no call will search again.
Every non-REQUIRED find_package() call can be disabled by setting the
variable CMAKE_DISABLE_FIND_PACKAGE_<package> to TRUE. See the
documentation for the CMAKE_DISABLE_FIND_PACKAGE_<package> variable
for more information.
When loading a find module or package configuration file find_package
defines variables to provide information about the call arguments (and
restores their original state before returning):
<package>_FIND_REQUIRED = true if REQUIRED option was given
<package>_FIND_QUIETLY = true if QUIET option was given
<package>_FIND_VERSION = full requested version string
<package>_FIND_VERSION_MAJOR = major version if requested, else 0
<package>_FIND_VERSION_MINOR = minor version if requested, else 0
<package>_FIND_VERSION_PATCH = patch version if requested, else 0
<package>_FIND_VERSION_TWEAK = tweak version if requested, else 0
<package>_FIND_VERSION_COUNT = number of version components, 0 to 4
<package>_FIND_VERSION_EXACT = true if EXACT option was given
<package>_FIND_COMPONENTS = list of requested components
<package>_FIND_REQUIRED_<c> = true if component <c> is required
false if component <c> is optional
In Module mode the loaded find module is responsible to honor the request
detailed by these variables; see the find module for details. In Config
mode find_package handles REQUIRED, QUIET, and version options
automatically but leaves it to the package configuration file to handle
components in a way that makes sense for the package. The package
configuration file may set <package>_FOUND to false to tell
find_package that component requirements are not satisfied.
See the cmake_policy() command documentation for discussion of the
NO_POLICY_SCOPE option.
- find_path
- Find the directory containing a file.
find_path(<VAR> name1 [path1 path2 ...])
This is the short-hand signature for the command that is sufficient in many
cases. It is the same as find_path(<VAR> name1 [PATHS path1 path2
...])
find_path(
<VAR>
name | NAMES name1 [name2 ...]
[HINTS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATHS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATH_SUFFIXES suffix1 [suffix2 ...]]
[DOC "cache documentation string"]
[NO_DEFAULT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_PATH]
[NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH]
[CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH |
ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH |
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH]
)
This command is used to find a directory containing the named file. A cache
entry named by <VAR> is created to store the result of this command.
If the file in a directory is found the result is stored in the variable
and the search will not be repeated unless the variable is cleared. If
nothing is found, the result will be <VAR>-NOTFOUND, and the search
will be attempted again the next time find_path is invoked with the same
variable. The name of the file in a directory that is searched for is
specified by the names listed after the NAMES argument. Additional search
locations can be specified after the PATHS argument. If ENV var is found
in the HINTS or PATHS section the environment variable var will be read
and converted from a system environment variable to a cmake style list of
paths. For example ENV PATH would be a way to list the system path
variable. The argument after DOC will be used for the documentation string
in the cache. PATH_SUFFIXES specifies additional subdirectories to check
below each search path.
If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is specified, then no additional paths are added to the
search. If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is not specified, the search process is as
follows:
1. Search paths specified in cmake-specific cache variables. These are
intended to be used on the command line with a -DVAR=value. This can be
skipped if NO_CMAKE_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/include/<arch> if CMAKE_LIBRARY_ARCHITECTURE is set, and
<prefix>/include for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
2. Search paths specified in cmake-specific environment variables. These are
intended to be set in the user's shell configuration. This can be skipped
if NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/include/<arch> if CMAKE_LIBRARY_ARCHITECTURE is set, and
<prefix>/include for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
3. Search the paths specified by the HINTS option. These should be paths
computed by system introspection, such as a hint provided by the location
of another item already found. Hard-coded guesses should be specified with
the PATHS option.
4. Search the standard system environment variables. This can be skipped if
NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is an argument.
PATH
INCLUDE
5. Search cmake variables defined in the Platform files for the current
system. This can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/include/<arch> if CMAKE_LIBRARY_ARCHITECTURE is set, and
<prefix>/include for each <prefix> in CMAKE_SYSTEM_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_INCLUDE_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_FRAMEWORK_PATH
6. Search the paths specified by the PATHS option or in the short-hand
version of the command. These are typically hard-coded guesses.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Frameworks, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find frameworks before standard
libraries or headers. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find frameworks after standard
libraries or headers.
"ONLY" - Only try to find frameworks.
"NEVER" - Never try to find frameworks.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Application Bundles, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_APPBUNDLE can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find application bundles before standard
programs. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find application bundles after standard
programs.
"ONLY" - Only try to find application bundles.
"NEVER" - Never try to find application bundles.
The CMake variable CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH specifies one or more directories to
be prepended to all other search directories. This effectively
"re-roots" the entire search under given locations. By default
it is empty. It is especially useful when cross-compiling to point to the
root directory of the target environment and CMake will search there too.
By default at first the directories listed in CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH and
then the non-rooted directories will be searched. The default behavior can
be adjusted by setting CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE. This behavior
can be manually overridden on a per-call basis. By using
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH the search order will be as described above. If
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH will not be
used. If ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then only the re-rooted
directories will be searched.
The default search order is designed to be most-specific to least-specific
for common use cases. Projects may override the order by simply calling
the command multiple times and using the NO_* options:
find_path(<VAR> NAMES name PATHS paths... NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
find_path(<VAR> NAMES name)
Once one of the calls succeeds the result variable will be set and stored in
the cache so that no call will search again.
When searching for frameworks, if the file is specified as A/b.h, then the
framework search will look for A.framework/Headers/b.h. If that is found
the path will be set to the path to the framework. CMake will convert this
to the correct -F option to include the file.
- find_program
- Find an executable program.
find_program(<VAR> name1 [path1 path2 ...])
This is the short-hand signature for the command that is sufficient in many
cases. It is the same as find_program(<VAR> name1 [PATHS path1 path2
...])
find_program(
<VAR>
name | NAMES name1 [name2 ...]
[HINTS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATHS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATH_SUFFIXES suffix1 [suffix2 ...]]
[DOC "cache documentation string"]
[NO_DEFAULT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_PATH]
[NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH]
[CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH |
ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH |
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH]
)
This command is used to find a program. A cache entry named by <VAR>
is created to store the result of this command. If the program is found
the result is stored in the variable and the search will not be repeated
unless the variable is cleared. If nothing is found, the result will be
<VAR>-NOTFOUND, and the search will be attempted again the next time
find_program is invoked with the same variable. The name of the program
that is searched for is specified by the names listed after the NAMES
argument. Additional search locations can be specified after the PATHS
argument. If ENV var is found in the HINTS or PATHS section the
environment variable var will be read and converted from a system
environment variable to a cmake style list of paths. For example ENV PATH
would be a way to list the system path variable. The argument after DOC
will be used for the documentation string in the cache. PATH_SUFFIXES
specifies additional subdirectories to check below each search path.
If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is specified, then no additional paths are added to the
search. If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is not specified, the search process is as
follows:
1. Search paths specified in cmake-specific cache variables. These are
intended to be used on the command line with a -DVAR=value. This can be
skipped if NO_CMAKE_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/[s]bin for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_PROGRAM_PATH
CMAKE_APPBUNDLE_PATH
2. Search paths specified in cmake-specific environment variables. These are
intended to be set in the user's shell configuration. This can be skipped
if NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/[s]bin for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_PROGRAM_PATH
CMAKE_APPBUNDLE_PATH
3. Search the paths specified by the HINTS option. These should be paths
computed by system introspection, such as a hint provided by the location
of another item already found. Hard-coded guesses should be specified with
the PATHS option.
4. Search the standard system environment variables. This can be skipped if
NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is an argument.
PATH
5. Search cmake variables defined in the Platform files for the current
system. This can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/[s]bin for each <prefix> in CMAKE_SYSTEM_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROGRAM_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_APPBUNDLE_PATH
6. Search the paths specified by the PATHS option or in the short-hand
version of the command. These are typically hard-coded guesses.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Frameworks, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find frameworks before standard
libraries or headers. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find frameworks after standard
libraries or headers.
"ONLY" - Only try to find frameworks.
"NEVER" - Never try to find frameworks.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Application Bundles, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_APPBUNDLE can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find application bundles before standard
programs. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find application bundles after standard
programs.
"ONLY" - Only try to find application bundles.
"NEVER" - Never try to find application bundles.
The CMake variable CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH specifies one or more directories to
be prepended to all other search directories. This effectively
"re-roots" the entire search under given locations. By default
it is empty. It is especially useful when cross-compiling to point to the
root directory of the target environment and CMake will search there too.
By default at first the directories listed in CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH and
then the non-rooted directories will be searched. The default behavior can
be adjusted by setting CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM. This behavior
can be manually overridden on a per-call basis. By using
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH the search order will be as described above. If
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH will not be
used. If ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then only the re-rooted
directories will be searched.
The default search order is designed to be most-specific to least-specific
for common use cases. Projects may override the order by simply calling
the command multiple times and using the NO_* options:
find_program(<VAR> NAMES name PATHS paths... NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
find_program(<VAR> NAMES name)
Once one of the calls succeeds the result variable will be set and stored in
the cache so that no call will search again.
- fltk_wrap_ui
- Create FLTK user interfaces Wrappers.
fltk_wrap_ui(resultingLibraryName source1
source2 ... sourceN )
Produce .h and .cxx files for all the .fl and .fld files listed. The
resulting .h and .cxx files will be added to a variable named
resultingLibraryName_FLTK_UI_SRCS which should be added to your library.
- foreach
- Evaluate a group of commands for each value in a list.
foreach(loop_var arg1 arg2 ...)
COMMAND1(ARGS ...)
COMMAND2(ARGS ...)
...
endforeach(loop_var)
All commands between foreach and the matching endforeach are recorded
without being invoked. Once the endforeach is evaluated, the recorded list
of commands is invoked once for each argument listed in the original
foreach command. Before each iteration of the loop "${loop_var}"
will be set as a variable with the current value in the list.
foreach(loop_var RANGE total)
foreach(loop_var RANGE start stop [step])
Foreach can also iterate over a generated range of numbers. There are three
types of this iteration:
* When specifying single number, the range will have elements 0 to
"total".
* When specifying two numbers, the range will have elements from the first
number to the second number.
* The third optional number is the increment used to iterate from the first
number to the second number.
foreach(loop_var IN [LISTS [list1 [...]]]
[ITEMS [item1 [...]]])
Iterates over a precise list of items. The LISTS option names list-valued
variables to be traversed, including empty elements (an empty string is a
zero-length list). The ITEMS option ends argument parsing and includes all
arguments following it in the iteration.
- function
- Start recording a function for later invocation as a
command.
function(<name> [arg1 [arg2 [arg3 ...]]])
COMMAND1(ARGS ...)
COMMAND2(ARGS ...)
...
endfunction(<name>)
Define a function named <name> that takes arguments named arg1 arg2
arg3 (...). Commands listed after function, but before the matching
endfunction, are not invoked until the function is invoked. When it is
invoked, the commands recorded in the function are first modified by
replacing formal parameters (${arg1}) with the arguments passed, and then
invoked as normal commands. In addition to referencing the formal
parameters you can reference the variable ARGC which will be set to the
number of arguments passed into the function as well as ARGV0 ARGV1 ARGV2
... which will have the actual values of the arguments passed in. This
facilitates creating functions with optional arguments. Additionally ARGV
holds the list of all arguments given to the function and ARGN holds the
list of arguments past the last expected argument.
A function opens a new scope: see set(var PARENT_SCOPE) for details.
See the cmake_policy() command documentation for the behavior of policies
inside functions.
- get_cmake_property
- Get a property of the CMake instance.
get_cmake_property(VAR property)
Get a property from the CMake instance. The value of the property is stored
in the variable VAR. If the property is not found, VAR will be set to
"NOTFOUND". Some supported properties include: VARIABLES,
CACHE_VARIABLES, COMMANDS, MACROS, and COMPONENTS.
See also the more general get_property() command.
- get_directory_property
- Get a property of DIRECTORY scope.
get_directory_property(<variable> [DIRECTORY <dir>] <prop-name>)
Store a property of directory scope in the named variable. If the property
is not defined the empty-string is returned. The DIRECTORY argument
specifies another directory from which to retrieve the property value. The
specified directory must have already been traversed by CMake.
get_directory_property(<variable> [DIRECTORY <dir>]
DEFINITION <var-name>)
Get a variable definition from a directory. This form is useful to get a
variable definition from another directory.
See also the more general get_property() command.
- get_filename_component
- Get a specific component of a full filename.
get_filename_component(<VAR> <FileName> <COMP> [CACHE])
Set <VAR> to a component of <FileName>, where <COMP> is
one of:
PATH = Directory without file name
NAME = File name without directory
EXT = File name longest extension (.b.c from d/a.b.c)
NAME_WE = File name without directory or longest extension
ABSOLUTE = Full path to file
REALPATH = Full path to existing file with symlinks resolved
Paths are returned with forward slashes and have no trailing slahes. The
longest file extension is always considered. If the optional CACHE
argument is specified, the result variable is added to the cache.
get_filename_component(<VAR> FileName
PROGRAM [PROGRAM_ARGS <ARG_VAR>]
[CACHE])
The program in FileName will be found in the system search path or left as a
full path. If PROGRAM_ARGS is present with PROGRAM, then any command-line
arguments present in the FileName string are split from the program name
and stored in <ARG_VAR>. This is used to separate a program name
from its arguments in a command line string.
- get_property
- Get a property.
get_property(<variable>
<GLOBAL |
DIRECTORY [dir] |
TARGET <target> |
SOURCE <source> |
TEST <test> |
CACHE <entry> |
VARIABLE>
PROPERTY <name>
[SET | DEFINED | BRIEF_DOCS | FULL_DOCS])
Get one property from one object in a scope. The first argument specifies
the variable in which to store the result. The second argument determines
the scope from which to get the property. It must be one of the following:
GLOBAL scope is unique and does not accept a name.
DIRECTORY scope defaults to the current directory but another directory
(already processed by CMake) may be named by full or relative path.
TARGET scope must name one existing target.
SOURCE scope must name one source file.
TEST scope must name one existing test.
CACHE scope must name one cache entry.
VARIABLE scope is unique and does not accept a name.
The required PROPERTY option is immediately followed by the name of the
property to get. If the property is not set an empty value is returned. If
the SET option is given the variable is set to a boolean value indicating
whether the property has been set. If the DEFINED option is given the
variable is set to a boolean value indicating whether the property has
been defined such as with define_property. If BRIEF_DOCS or FULL_DOCS is
given then the variable is set to a string containing documentation for
the requested property. If documentation is requested for a property that
has not been defined NOTFOUND is returned.
- get_source_file_property
- Get a property for a source file.
get_source_file_property(VAR file property)
Get a property from a source file. The value of the property is stored in
the variable VAR. If the property is not found, VAR will be set to
"NOTFOUND". Use set_source_files_properties to set property
values. Source file properties usually control how the file is built. One
property that is always there is LOCATION
See also the more general get_property() command.
- get_target_property
- Get a property from a target.
get_target_property(VAR target property)
Get a property from a target. The value of the property is stored in the
variable VAR. If the property is not found, VAR will be set to
"NOTFOUND". Use set_target_properties to set property values.
Properties are usually used to control how a target is built, but some
query the target instead. This command can get properties for any target
so far created. The targets do not need to be in the current
CMakeLists.txt file.
See also the more general get_property() command.
- get_test_property
- Get a property of the test.
get_test_property(test property VAR)
Get a property from the Test. The value of the property is stored in the
variable VAR. If the property is not found, VAR will be set to
"NOTFOUND". For a list of standard properties you can type cmake
--help-property-list
See also the more general get_property() command.
- if
- Conditionally execute a group of commands.
if(expression)
# then section.
COMMAND1(ARGS ...)
COMMAND2(ARGS ...)
...
elseif(expression2)
# elseif section.
COMMAND1(ARGS ...)
COMMAND2(ARGS ...)
...
else(expression)
# else section.
COMMAND1(ARGS ...)
COMMAND2(ARGS ...)
...
endif(expression)
Evaluates the given expression. If the result is true, the commands in the
THEN section are invoked. Otherwise, the commands in the else section are
invoked. The elseif and else sections are optional. You may have multiple
elseif clauses. Note that the expression in the else and endif clause is
optional. Long expressions can be used and there is a traditional order of
precedence. Parenthetical expressions are evaluated first followed by
unary operators such as EXISTS, COMMAND, and DEFINED. Then any EQUAL,
LESS, GREATER, STRLESS, STRGREATER, STREQUAL, MATCHES will be evaluated.
Then NOT operators and finally AND, OR operators will be evaluated.
Possible expressions are:
if(<constant>)
True if the constant is 1, ON, YES, TRUE, Y, or a non-zero number. False if
the constant is 0, OFF, NO, FALSE, N, IGNORE, NOTFOUND, '', or ends in the
suffix '-NOTFOUND'. Named boolean constants are case-insensitive. If the
argument is not one of these constants, it is treated as a variable:
if(<variable>)
True if the variable is defined to a value that is not a false constant.
False otherwise. (Note macro arguments are not variables.)
if(NOT <expression>)
True if the expression is not true.
if(<expr1> AND <expr2>)
True if both expressions would be considered true individually.
if(<expr1> OR <expr2>)
True if either expression would be considered true individually.
if(COMMAND command-name)
True if the given name is a command, macro or function that can be invoked.
if(POLICY policy-id)
True if the given name is an existing policy (of the form CMP<NNNN>).
if(TARGET target-name)
True if the given name is an existing target, built or imported.
if(EXISTS file-name)
if(EXISTS directory-name)
True if the named file or directory exists. Behavior is well-defined only
for full paths.
if(file1 IS_NEWER_THAN file2)
True if file1 is newer than file2 or if one of the two files doesn't exist.
Behavior is well-defined only for full paths. If the file time stamps are
exactly the same, an IS_NEWER_THAN comparison returns true, so that any
dependent build operations will occur in the event of a tie. This includes
the case of passing the same file name for both file1 and file2.
if(IS_DIRECTORY directory-name)
True if the given name is a directory. Behavior is well-defined only for
full paths.
if(IS_SYMLINK file-name)
True if the given name is a symbolic link. Behavior is well-defined only for
full paths.
if(IS_ABSOLUTE path)
True if the given path is an absolute path.
if(<variable|string> MATCHES regex)
True if the given string or variable's value matches the given regular
expression.
if(<variable|string> LESS <variable|string>)
if(<variable|string> GREATER <variable|string>)
if(<variable|string> EQUAL <variable|string>)
True if the given string or variable's value is a valid number and the
inequality or equality is true.
if(<variable|string> STRLESS <variable|string>)
if(<variable|string> STRGREATER <variable|string>)
if(<variable|string> STREQUAL <variable|string>)
True if the given string or variable's value is lexicographically less (or
greater, or equal) than the string or variable on the right.
if(<variable|string> VERSION_LESS <variable|string>)
if(<variable|string> VERSION_EQUAL <variable|string>)
if(<variable|string> VERSION_GREATER <variable|string>)
Component-wise integer version number comparison (version format is
major[.minor[.patch[.tweak]]]).
if(DEFINED <variable>)
True if the given variable is defined. It does not matter if the variable is
true or false just if it has been set.
if((expression) AND (expression OR (expression)))
The expressions inside the parenthesis are evaluated first and then the
remaining expression is evaluated as in the previous examples. Where there
are nested parenthesis the innermost are evaluated as part of evaluating
the expression that contains them.
The if command was written very early in CMake's history, predating the ${}
variable evaluation syntax, and for convenience evaluates variables named
by its arguments as shown in the above signatures. Note that normal
variable evaluation with ${} applies before the if command even receives
the arguments. Therefore code like
set(var1 OFF)
set(var2 "var1")
if(${var2})
appears to the if command as
if(var1)
and is evaluated according to the if(<variable>) case documented
above. The result is OFF which is false. However, if we remove the ${}
from the example then the command sees
if(var2)
which is true because var2 is defined to "var1" which is not a
false constant.
Automatic evaluation applies in the other cases whenever the
above-documented signature accepts <variable|string>:
1) The left hand argument to MATCHES is first checked to see if it is a
defined variable, if so the variable's value is used, otherwise the
original value is used.
2) If the left hand argument to MATCHES is missing it returns false without
error
3) Both left and right hand arguments to LESS GREATER EQUAL are
independently tested to see if they are defined variables, if so their
defined values are used otherwise the original value is used.
4) Both left and right hand arguments to STRLESS STREQUAL STRGREATER are
independently tested to see if they are defined variables, if so their
defined values are used otherwise the original value is used.
5) Both left and right hand argumemnts to VERSION_LESS VERSION_EQUAL
VERSION_GREATER are independently tested to see if they are defined
variables, if so their defined values are used otherwise the original
value is used.
6) The right hand argument to NOT is tested to see if it is a boolean
constant, if so the value is used, otherwise it is assumed to be a
variable and it is dereferenced.
7) The left and right hand arguments to AND OR are independently tested to
see if they are boolean constants, if so they are used as such, otherwise
they are assumed to be variables and are dereferenced.
- include
- Read CMake listfile code from the given file.
include(<file|module> [OPTIONAL] [RESULT_VARIABLE <VAR>]
[NO_POLICY_SCOPE])
Reads CMake listfile code from the given file. Commands in the file are
processed immediately as if they were written in place of the include
command. If OPTIONAL is present, then no error is raised if the file does
not exist. If RESULT_VARIABLE is given the variable will be set to the
full filename which has been included or NOTFOUND if it failed.
If a module is specified instead of a file, the file with name
<modulename>.cmake is searched first in CMAKE_MODULE_PATH, then in
the CMake module directory. There is one exception to this: if the file
which calls include() is located itself in the CMake module directory,
then first the CMake module directory is searched and CMAKE_MODULE_PATH
afterwards. See also policy CMP0017.
See the cmake_policy() command documentation for discussion of the
NO_POLICY_SCOPE option.
- include_directories
- Add include directories to the build.
include_directories([AFTER|BEFORE] [SYSTEM] dir1 dir2 ...)
Add the given directories to those the compiler uses to search for include
files. Relative paths are interpreted as relative to the current source
directory.
The include directories are added to the directory property
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES for the current CMakeLists file. They are also added
to the target property INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES for each target in the current
CMakeLists file. The target property values are the ones used by the
generators.
By default the directories are appended onto the current list of
directories. This default behavior can be changed by setting
CMAKE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES_BEFORE to ON. By using AFTER or BEFORE
explicitly, you can select between appending and prepending, independent
of the default.
If the SYSTEM option is given, the compiler will be told the directories are
meant as system include directories on some platforms (signalling this
setting might achieve effects such as the compiler skipping warnings, or
these fixed-install system files not being considered in dependency
calculations - see compiler docs).
- include_external_msproject
- Include an external Microsoft project file in a workspace.
include_external_msproject(projectname location
[TYPE projectTypeGUID]
[GUID projectGUID]
[PLATFORM platformName]
dep1 dep2 ...)
Includes an external Microsoft project in the generated workspace file.
Currently does nothing on UNIX. This will create a target named
[projectname]. This can be used in the add_dependencies command to make
things depend on the external project.
TYPE, GUID and PLATFORM are optional parameters that allow one to specify
the type of project, id (GUID) of the project and the name of the target
platform. This is useful for projects requiring values other than the
default (e.g. WIX projects). These options are not supported by the Visual
Studio 6 generator.
- include_regular_expression
- Set the regular expression used for dependency checking.
include_regular_expression(regex_match [regex_complain])
Set the regular expressions used in dependency checking. Only files matching
regex_match will be traced as dependencies. Only files matching
regex_complain will generate warnings if they cannot be found (standard
header paths are not searched). The defaults are:
regex_match = "^.*$" (match everything)
regex_complain = "^$" (match empty string only)
- install
- Specify rules to run at install time.
This command generates installation rules for a project. Rules specified by
calls to this command within a source directory are executed in order
during installation. The order across directories is not defined.
There are multiple signatures for this command. Some of them define
installation properties for files and targets. Properties common to
multiple signatures are covered here but they are valid only for
signatures that specify them.
DESTINATION arguments specify the directory on disk to which a file will be
installed. If a full path (with a leading slash or drive letter) is given
it is used directly. If a relative path is given it is interpreted
relative to the value of CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX. The prefix can be relocated
at install time using DESTDIR mechanism explained in the
CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX variable documentation.
PERMISSIONS arguments specify permissions for installed files. Valid
permissions are OWNER_READ, OWNER_WRITE, OWNER_EXECUTE, GROUP_READ,
GROUP_WRITE, GROUP_EXECUTE, WORLD_READ, WORLD_WRITE, WORLD_EXECUTE,
SETUID, and SETGID. Permissions that do not make sense on certain
platforms are ignored on those platforms.
The CONFIGURATIONS argument specifies a list of build configurations for
which the install rule applies (Debug, Release, etc.).
The COMPONENT argument specifies an installation component name with which
the install rule is associated, such as "runtime" or
"development". During component-specific installation only
install rules associated with the given component name will be executed.
During a full installation all components are installed. If COMPONENT is
not provided a default component "Unspecified" is created. The
default component name may be controlled with the
CMAKE_INSTALL_DEFAULT_COMPONENT_NAME variable.
The RENAME argument specifies a name for an installed file that may be
different from the original file. Renaming is allowed only when a single
file is installed by the command.
The OPTIONAL argument specifies that it is not an error if the file to be
installed does not exist.
The TARGETS signature:
install(TARGETS targets... [EXPORT <export-name>]
[[ARCHIVE|LIBRARY|RUNTIME|FRAMEWORK|BUNDLE|
PRIVATE_HEADER|PUBLIC_HEADER|RESOURCE]
[DESTINATION <dir>]
[PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
[COMPONENT <component>]
[OPTIONAL] [NAMELINK_ONLY|NAMELINK_SKIP]
] [...])
The TARGETS form specifies rules for installing targets from a project.
There are five kinds of target files that may be installed: ARCHIVE,
LIBRARY, RUNTIME, FRAMEWORK, and BUNDLE. Executables are treated as
RUNTIME targets, except that those marked with the MACOSX_BUNDLE property
are treated as BUNDLE targets on OS X. Static libraries are always treated
as ARCHIVE targets. Module libraries are always treated as LIBRARY
targets. For non-DLL platforms shared libraries are treated as LIBRARY
targets, except that those marked with the FRAMEWORK property are treated
as FRAMEWORK targets on OS X. For DLL platforms the DLL part of a shared
library is treated as a RUNTIME target and the corresponding import
library is treated as an ARCHIVE target. All Windows-based systems
including Cygwin are DLL platforms. The ARCHIVE, LIBRARY, RUNTIME, and
FRAMEWORK arguments change the type of target to which the subsequent
properties apply. If none is given the installation properties apply to
all target types. If only one is given then only targets of that type will
be installed (which can be used to install just a DLL or just an import
library).
The PRIVATE_HEADER, PUBLIC_HEADER, and RESOURCE arguments cause subsequent
properties to be applied to installing a FRAMEWORK shared library target's
associated files on non-Apple platforms. Rules defined by these arguments
are ignored on Apple platforms because the associated files are installed
into the appropriate locations inside the framework folder. See
documentation of the PRIVATE_HEADER, PUBLIC_HEADER, and RESOURCE target
properties for details.
Either NAMELINK_ONLY or NAMELINK_SKIP may be specified as a LIBRARY option.
On some platforms a versioned shared library has a symbolic link such as
lib<name>.so -> lib<name>.so.1
where "lib<name>.so.1" is the soname of the library and
"lib<name>.so" is a "namelink" allowing linkers
to find the library when given "-l<name>". The
NAMELINK_ONLY option causes installation of only the namelink when a
library target is installed. The NAMELINK_SKIP option causes installation
of library files other than the namelink when a library target is
installed. When neither option is given both portions are installed. On
platforms where versioned shared libraries do not have namelinks or when a
library is not versioned the NAMELINK_SKIP option installs the library and
the NAMELINK_ONLY option installs nothing. See the VERSION and SOVERSION
target properties for details on creating versioned shared libraries.
One or more groups of properties may be specified in a single call to the
TARGETS form of this command. A target may be installed more than once to
different locations. Consider hypothetical targets "myExe",
"mySharedLib", and "myStaticLib". The code
install(TARGETS myExe mySharedLib myStaticLib
RUNTIME DESTINATION bin
LIBRARY DESTINATION lib
ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib/static)
install(TARGETS mySharedLib DESTINATION /some/full/path)
will install myExe to <prefix>/bin and myStaticLib to
<prefix>/lib/static. On non-DLL platforms mySharedLib will be
installed to <prefix>/lib and /some/full/path. On DLL platforms the
mySharedLib DLL will be installed to <prefix>/bin and
/some/full/path and its import library will be installed to
<prefix>/lib/static and /some/full/path.
The EXPORT option associates the installed target files with an export
called <export-name>. It must appear before any RUNTIME, LIBRARY, or
ARCHIVE options. To actually install the export file itself, call
install(EXPORT). See documentation of the install(EXPORT ...) signature
below for details.
Installing a target with EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL set to true has undefined
behavior.
The FILES signature:
install(FILES files... DESTINATION <dir>
[PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
[COMPONENT <component>]
[RENAME <name>] [OPTIONAL])
The FILES form specifies rules for installing files for a project. File
names given as relative paths are interpreted with respect to the current
source directory. Files installed by this form are by default given
permissions OWNER_WRITE, OWNER_READ, GROUP_READ, and WORLD_READ if no
PERMISSIONS argument is given.
The PROGRAMS signature:
install(PROGRAMS files... DESTINATION <dir>
[PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
[COMPONENT <component>]
[RENAME <name>] [OPTIONAL])
The PROGRAMS form is identical to the FILES form except that the default
permissions for the installed file also include OWNER_EXECUTE,
GROUP_EXECUTE, and WORLD_EXECUTE. This form is intended to install
programs that are not targets, such as shell scripts. Use the TARGETS form
to install targets built within the project.
The DIRECTORY signature:
install(DIRECTORY dirs... DESTINATION <dir>
[FILE_PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[DIRECTORY_PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[USE_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS] [OPTIONAL]
[CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
[COMPONENT <component>] [FILES_MATCHING]
[[PATTERN <pattern> | REGEX <regex>]
[EXCLUDE] [PERMISSIONS permissions...]] [...])
The DIRECTORY form installs contents of one or more directories to a given
destination. The directory structure is copied verbatim to the
destination. The last component of each directory name is appended to the
destination directory but a trailing slash may be used to avoid this
because it leaves the last component empty. Directory names given as
relative paths are interpreted with respect to the current source
directory. If no input directory names are given the destination directory
will be created but nothing will be installed into it. The
FILE_PERMISSIONS and DIRECTORY_PERMISSIONS options specify permissions
given to files and directories in the destination. If
USE_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS is specified and FILE_PERMISSIONS is not, file
permissions will be copied from the source directory structure. If no
permissions are specified files will be given the default permissions
specified in the FILES form of the command, and the directories will be
given the default permissions specified in the PROGRAMS form of the
command.
Installation of directories may be controlled with fine granularity using
the PATTERN or REGEX options. These "match" options specify a
globbing pattern or regular expression to match directories or files
encountered within input directories. They may be used to apply certain
options (see below) to a subset of the files and directories encountered.
The full path to each input file or directory (with forward slashes) is
matched against the expression. A PATTERN will match only complete file
names: the portion of the full path matching the pattern must occur at the
end of the file name and be preceded by a slash. A REGEX will match any
portion of the full path but it may use '/' and '$' to simulate the
PATTERN behavior. By default all files and directories are installed
whether or not they are matched. The FILES_MATCHING option may be given
before the first match option to disable installation of files (but not
directories) not matched by any expression. For example, the code
install(DIRECTORY src/ DESTINATION include/myproj
FILES_MATCHING PATTERN "*.h")
will extract and install header files from a source tree.
Some options may follow a PATTERN or REGEX expression and are applied only
to files or directories matching them. The EXCLUDE option will skip the
matched file or directory. The PERMISSIONS option overrides the
permissions setting for the matched file or directory. For example the
code
install(DIRECTORY icons scripts/ DESTINATION share/myproj
PATTERN "CVS" EXCLUDE
PATTERN "scripts/*"
PERMISSIONS OWNER_EXECUTE OWNER_WRITE OWNER_READ
GROUP_EXECUTE GROUP_READ)
will install the icons directory to share/myproj/icons and the scripts
directory to share/myproj. The icons will get default file permissions,
the scripts will be given specific permissions, and any CVS directories
will be excluded.
The SCRIPT and CODE signature:
install([[SCRIPT <file>] [CODE <code>]] [...])
The SCRIPT form will invoke the given CMake script files during
installation. If the script file name is a relative path it will be
interpreted with respect to the current source directory. The CODE form
will invoke the given CMake code during installation. Code is specified as
a single argument inside a double-quoted string. For example, the code
install(CODE "MESSAGE(\"Sample install message.\")")
will print a message during installation.
The EXPORT signature:
install(EXPORT <export-name> DESTINATION <dir>
[NAMESPACE <namespace>] [FILE <name>.cmake]
[PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
[COMPONENT <component>])
The EXPORT form generates and installs a CMake file containing code to
import targets from the installation tree into another project. Target
installations are associated with the export <export-name> using the
EXPORT option of the install(TARGETS ...) signature documented above. The
NAMESPACE option will prepend <namespace> to the target names as
they are written to the import file. By default the generated file will be
called <export-name>.cmake but the FILE option may be used to
specify a different name. The value given to the FILE option must be a
file name with the ".cmake" extension. If a CONFIGURATIONS
option is given then the file will only be installed when one of the named
configurations is installed. Additionally, the generated import file will
reference only the matching target configurations. If a COMPONENT option
is specified that does not match that given to the targets associated with
<export-name> the behavior is undefined. If a library target is
included in the export but a target to which it links is not included the
behavior is unspecified.
The EXPORT form is useful to help outside projects use targets built and
installed by the current project. For example, the code
install(TARGETS myexe EXPORT myproj DESTINATION bin)
install(EXPORT myproj NAMESPACE mp_ DESTINATION lib/myproj)
will install the executable myexe to <prefix>/bin and code to import
it in the file "<prefix>/lib/myproj/myproj.cmake". An
outside project may load this file with the include command and reference
the myexe executable from the installation tree using the imported target
name mp_myexe as if the target were built in its own tree.
NOTE: This command supercedes the INSTALL_TARGETS command and the target
properties PRE_INSTALL_SCRIPT and POST_INSTALL_SCRIPT. It also replaces
the FILES forms of the INSTALL_FILES and INSTALL_PROGRAMS commands. The
processing order of these install rules relative to those generated by
INSTALL_TARGETS, INSTALL_FILES, and INSTALL_PROGRAMS commands is not
defined.
- link_directories
- Specify directories in which the linker will look for
libraries.
link_directories(directory1 directory2 ...)
Specify the paths in which the linker should search for libraries. The
command will apply only to targets created after it is called. Relative
paths given to this command are interpreted as relative to the current
source directory, see CMP0015.
Note that this command is rarely necessary. Library locations returned by
find_package() and find_library() are absolute paths. Pass these absolute
library file paths directly to the target_link_libraries() command. CMake
will ensure the linker finds them.
- list
- List operations.
list(LENGTH <list> <output variable>)
list(GET <list> <element index> [<element index> ...]
<output variable>)
list(APPEND <list> <element> [<element> ...])
list(FIND <list> <value> <output variable>)
list(INSERT <list> <element_index> <element> [<element> ...])
list(REMOVE_ITEM <list> <value> [<value> ...])
list(REMOVE_AT <list> <index> [<index> ...])
list(REMOVE_DUPLICATES <list>)
list(REVERSE <list>)
list(SORT <list>)
LENGTH will return a given list's length.
GET will return list of elements specified by indices from the list.
APPEND will append elements to the list.
FIND will return the index of the element specified in the list or -1 if it
wasn't found.
INSERT will insert elements to the list to the specified location.
REMOVE_AT and REMOVE_ITEM will remove items from the list. The difference is
that REMOVE_ITEM will remove the given items, while REMOVE_AT will remove
the items at the given indices.
REMOVE_DUPLICATES will remove duplicated items in the list.
REVERSE reverses the contents of the list in-place.
SORT sorts the list in-place alphabetically.
The list subcommands APPEND, INSERT, REMOVE_AT, REMOVE_ITEM,
REMOVE_DUPLICATES, REVERSE and SORT may create new values for the list
within the current CMake variable scope. Similar to the SET command, the
LIST command creates new variable values in the current scope, even if the
list itself is actually defined in a parent scope. To propagate the
results of these operations upwards, use SET with PARENT_SCOPE, SET with
CACHE INTERNAL, or some other means of value propagation.
NOTES: A list in cmake is a ; separated group of strings. To create a list
the set command can be used. For example, set(var a b c d e) creates a
list with a;b;c;d;e, and set(var "a b c d e") creates a string
or a list with one item in it.
When specifying index values, if <element index> is 0 or greater, it
is indexed from the beginning of the list, with 0 representing the first
list element. If <element index> is -1 or lesser, it is indexed from
the end of the list, with -1 representing the last list element. Be
careful when counting with negative indices: they do not start from 0. -0
is equivalent to 0, the first list element.
- load_cache
- Load in the values from another project's CMake cache.
load_cache(pathToCacheFile READ_WITH_PREFIX
prefix entry1...)
Read the cache and store the requested entries in variables with their name
prefixed with the given prefix. This only reads the values, and does not
create entries in the local project's cache.
load_cache(pathToCacheFile [EXCLUDE entry1...]
[INCLUDE_INTERNALS entry1...])
Load in the values from another cache and store them in the local project's
cache as internal entries. This is useful for a project that depends on
another project built in a different tree. EXCLUDE option can be used to
provide a list of entries to be excluded. INCLUDE_INTERNALS can be used to
provide a list of internal entries to be included. Normally, no internal
entries are brought in. Use of this form of the command is strongly
discouraged, but it is provided for backward compatibility.
- load_command
- Load a command into a running CMake.
load_command(COMMAND_NAME <loc1> [loc2 ...])
The given locations are searched for a library whose name is cmCOMMAND_NAME.
If found, it is loaded as a module and the command is added to the set of
available CMake commands. Usually, TRY_COMPILE is used before this command
to compile the module. If the command is successfully loaded a variable
named
CMAKE_LOADED_COMMAND_<COMMAND_NAME>
will be set to the full path of the module that was loaded. Otherwise the
variable will not be set.
- macro
- Start recording a macro for later invocation as a command.
macro(<name> [arg1 [arg2 [arg3 ...]]])
COMMAND1(ARGS ...)
COMMAND2(ARGS ...)
...
endmacro(<name>)
Define a macro named <name> that takes arguments named arg1 arg2 arg3
(...). Commands listed after macro, but before the matching endmacro, are
not invoked until the macro is invoked. When it is invoked, the commands
recorded in the macro are first modified by replacing formal parameters
(${arg1}) with the arguments passed, and then invoked as normal commands.
In addition to referencing the formal parameters you can reference the
values ${ARGC} which will be set to the number of arguments passed into
the function as well as ${ARGV0} ${ARGV1} ${ARGV2} ... which will have the
actual values of the arguments passed in. This facilitates creating macros
with optional arguments. Additionally ${ARGV} holds the list of all
arguments given to the macro and ${ARGN} holds the list of arguments past
the last expected argument. Note that the parameters to a macro and values
such as ARGN are not variables in the usual CMake sense. They are string
replacements much like the C preprocessor would do with a macro. If you
want true CMake variables and/or better CMake scope control you should
look at the function command.
See the cmake_policy() command documentation for the behavior of policies
inside macros.
- mark_as_advanced
- Mark cmake cached variables as advanced.
mark_as_advanced([CLEAR|FORCE] VAR VAR2 VAR...)
Mark the named cached variables as advanced. An advanced variable will not
be displayed in any of the cmake GUIs unless the show advanced option is
on. If CLEAR is the first argument advanced variables are changed back to
unadvanced. If FORCE is the first argument, then the variable is made
advanced. If neither FORCE nor CLEAR is specified, new values will be
marked as advanced, but if the variable already has an
advanced/non-advanced state, it will not be changed.
It does nothing in script mode.
- math
- Mathematical expressions.
math(EXPR <output variable> <math expression>)
EXPR evaluates mathematical expression and returns result in the output
variable. Example mathematical expression is '5 * ( 10 + 13 )'. Supported
operators are + - * / % | & ^ ~ << >> * / %. They have the
same meaning as they do in C code.
- message
- Display a message to the user.
message([STATUS|WARNING|AUTHOR_WARNING|FATAL_ERROR|SEND_ERROR]
"message to display" ...)
The optional keyword determines the type of message:
(none) = Important information
STATUS = Incidental information
WARNING = CMake Warning, continue processing
AUTHOR_WARNING = CMake Warning (dev), continue processing
SEND_ERROR = CMake Error, continue processing,
but skip generation
FATAL_ERROR = CMake Error, stop processing and generation
The CMake command-line tool displays STATUS messages on stdout and all other
message types on stderr. The CMake GUI displays all messages in its log
area. The interactive dialogs (ccmake and CMakeSetup) show STATUS messages
one at a time on a status line and other messages in interactive pop-up
boxes.
CMake Warning and Error message text displays using a simple markup
language. Non-indented text is formatted in line-wrapped paragraphs
delimited by newlines. Indented text is considered pre-formatted.
- option
- Provides an option that the user can optionally select.
option(<option_variable> "help string describing option"
[initial value])
Provide an option for the user to select as ON or OFF. If no initial value
is provided, OFF is used.
If you have options that depend on the values of other options, see the
module help for CMakeDependentOption.
- project
- Set a name for the entire project.
project(<projectname> [languageName1 languageName2 ... ] )
Sets the name of the project. Additionally this sets the variables
<projectName>_BINARY_DIR and <projectName>_SOURCE_DIR to the
respective values.
Optionally you can specify which languages your project supports. Example
languages are CXX (i.e. C++), C, Fortran, etc. By default C and CXX are
enabled. E.g. if you do not have a C++ compiler, you can disable the check
for it by explicitly listing the languages you want to support, e.g. C. By
using the special language "NONE" all checks for any language
can be disabled. If a variable exists called
CMAKE_PROJECT_<projectName>_INCLUDE, the file pointed to by that
variable will be included as the last step of the project command.
- qt_wrap_cpp
- Create Qt Wrappers.
qt_wrap_cpp(resultingLibraryName DestName
SourceLists ...)
Produce moc files for all the .h files listed in the SourceLists. The moc
files will be added to the library using the DestName source list.
- qt_wrap_ui
- Create Qt user interfaces Wrappers.
qt_wrap_ui(resultingLibraryName HeadersDestName
SourcesDestName SourceLists ...)
Produce .h and .cxx files for all the .ui files listed in the SourceLists.
The .h files will be added to the library using the HeadersDestNamesource
list. The .cxx files will be added to the library using the
SourcesDestNamesource list.
- remove_definitions
- Removes -D define flags added by add_definitions.
remove_definitions(-DFOO -DBAR ...)
Removes flags (added by add_definitions) from the compiler command line for
sources in the current directory and below.
- return
- Return from a file, directory or function.
return()
Returns from a file, directory or function. When this command is encountered
in an included file (via include() or find_package()), it causes
processing of the current file to stop and control is returned to the
including file. If it is encountered in a file which is not included by
another file, e.g. a CMakeLists.txt, control is returned to the parent
directory if there is one. If return is called in a function, control is
returned to the caller of the function. Note that a macro is not a
function and does not handle return like a function does.
- separate_arguments
- Parse space-separated arguments into a semicolon-separated
list.
separate_arguments(<var> <UNIX|WINDOWS>_COMMAND "<args>")
Parses a unix- or windows-style command-line string "<args>"
and stores a semicolon-separated list of the arguments in <var>. The
entire command line must be given in one "<args>"
argument.
The UNIX_COMMAND mode separates arguments by unquoted whitespace. It
recognizes both single-quote and double-quote pairs. A backslash escapes
the next literal character (\" is "); there are no special
escapes (\n is just n).
The WINDOWS_COMMAND mode parses a windows command-line using the same syntax
the runtime library uses to construct argv at startup. It separates
arguments by whitespace that is not double-quoted. Backslashes are literal
unless they precede double-quotes. See the MSDN article "Parsing C
Command-Line Arguments" for details.
separate_arguments(VARIABLE)
Convert the value of VARIABLE to a semi-colon separated list. All spaces are
replaced with ';'. This helps with generating command lines.
- set
- Set a CMake, cache or environment variable to a given
value.
set(<variable> <value>
[[CACHE <type> <docstring> [FORCE]] | PARENT_SCOPE])
Within CMake sets <variable> to the value <value>. <value>
is expanded before <variable> is set to it. Normally, set will set a
regular CMake variable. If CACHE is present, then the <variable> is
put in the cache instead, unless it is already in the cache. See section
'Variable types in CMake' below for details of regular and cache variables
and their interactions. If CACHE is used, <type> and
<docstring> are required. <type> is used by the CMake GUI to
choose a widget with which the user sets a value. The value for
<type> may be one of
FILEPATH = File chooser dialog.
PATH = Directory chooser dialog.
STRING = Arbitrary string.
BOOL = Boolean ON/OFF checkbox.
INTERNAL = No GUI entry (used for persistent variables).
If <type> is INTERNAL, the cache variable is marked as internal, and
will not be shown to the user in tools like cmake-gui. This is intended
for values that should be persisted in the cache, but which users should
not normally change. INTERNAL implies FORCE.
Normally, set(...CACHE...) creates cache variables, but does not modify
them. If FORCE is specified, the value of the cache variable is set, even
if the variable is already in the cache. This should normally be avoided,
as it will remove any changes to the cache variable's value by the user.
If PARENT_SCOPE is present, the variable will be set in the scope above the
current scope. Each new directory or function creates a new scope. This
command will set the value of a variable into the parent directory or
calling function (whichever is applicable to the case at hand).
PARENT_SCOPE cannot be combined with CACHE.
If <value> is not specified then the variable is removed instead of
set. See also: the unset() command.
set(<variable> <value1> ... <valueN>)
In this case <variable> is set to a semicolon separated list of
values.
<variable> can be an environment variable such as:
set( ENV{PATH} /home/martink )
in which case the environment variable will be set.
*** Variable types in CMake ***
In CMake there are two types of variables: normal variables and cache
variables. Normal variables are meant for the internal use of the script
(just like variables in most programming languages); they are not
persisted across CMake runs. Cache variables (unless set with INTERNAL)
are mostly intended for configuration settings where the first CMake run
determines a suitable default value, which the user can then override, by
editing the cache with tools such as ccmake or cmake-gui. Cache variables
are stored in the CMake cache file, and are persisted across CMake runs.
Both types can exist at the same time with the same name but different
values. When ${FOO} is evaluated, CMake first looks for a normal variable
'FOO' in scope and uses it if set. If and only if no normal variable
exists then it falls back to the cache variable 'FOO'.
Some examples:
The code 'set(FOO "x")' sets the normal variable 'FOO'. It does
not touch the cache, but it will hide any existing cache value 'FOO'.
The code 'set(FOO "x" CACHE ...)' checks for 'FOO' in the cache,
ignoring any normal variable of the same name. If 'FOO' is in the cache
then nothing happens to either the normal variable or the cache variable.
If 'FOO' is not in the cache, then it is added to the cache.
Finally, whenever a cache variable is added or modified by a command, CMake
also *removes* the normal variable of the same name from the current scope
so that an immediately following evaluation of it will expose the newly
cached value.
Normally projects should avoid using normal and cache variables of the same
name, as this interaction can be hard to follow. However, in some
situations it can be useful. One example (used by some projects):
A project has a subproject in its source tree. The child project has its own
CMakeLists.txt, which is included from the parent CMakeLists.txt using
add_subdirectory(). Now, if the parent and the child project provide the
same option (for example a compiler option), the parent gets the first
chance to add a user-editable option to the cache. Normally, the child
would then use the same value that the parent uses. However, it may be
necessary to hard-code the value for the child project's option while
still allowing the user to edit the value used by the parent project. The
parent project can achieve this simply by setting a normal variable with
the same name as the option in a scope sufficient to hide the option's
cache variable from the child completely. The parent has already set the
cache variable, so the child's set(...CACHE...) will do nothing, and
evaluating the option variable will use the value from the normal
variable, which hides the cache variable.
- set_directory_properties
- Set a property of the directory.
set_directory_properties(PROPERTIES prop1 value1 prop2 value2)
Set a property for the current directory and subdirectories. If the property
is not found, CMake will report an error. The properties include:
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES, LINK_DIRECTORIES, INCLUDE_REGULAR_EXPRESSION, and
ADDITIONAL_MAKE_CLEAN_FILES. ADDITIONAL_MAKE_CLEAN_FILES is a list of
files that will be cleaned as a part of "make clean" stage.
- set_property
- Set a named property in a given scope.
set_property(<GLOBAL |
DIRECTORY [dir] |
TARGET [target1 [target2 ...]] |
SOURCE [src1 [src2 ...]] |
TEST [test1 [test2 ...]] |
CACHE [entry1 [entry2 ...]]>
[APPEND] [APPEND_STRING]
PROPERTY <name> [value1 [value2 ...]])
Set one property on zero or more objects of a scope. The first argument
determines the scope in which the property is set. It must be one of the
following:
GLOBAL scope is unique and does not accept a name.
DIRECTORY scope defaults to the current directory but another directory
(already processed by CMake) may be named by full or relative path.
TARGET scope may name zero or more existing targets.
SOURCE scope may name zero or more source files. Note that source file
properties are visible only to targets added in the same directory
(CMakeLists.txt).
TEST scope may name zero or more existing tests.
CACHE scope must name zero or more cache existing entries.
The required PROPERTY option is immediately followed by the name of the
property to set. Remaining arguments are used to compose the property
value in the form of a semicolon-separated list. If the APPEND option is
given the list is appended to any existing property value.If the
APPEND_STRING option is given the string is append to any existing
property value as string, i.e. it results in a longer string and not a
list of strings.
- set_source_files_properties
- Source files can have properties that affect how they are
built.
set_source_files_properties([file1 [file2 [...]]]
PROPERTIES prop1 value1
[prop2 value2 [...]])
Set properties associated with source files using a key/value paired list.
See properties documentation for those known to CMake. Unrecognized
properties are ignored. Source file properties are visible only to targets
added in the same directory (CMakeLists.txt).
- set_target_properties
- Targets can have properties that affect how they are built.
set_target_properties(target1 target2 ...
PROPERTIES prop1 value1
prop2 value2 ...)
Set properties on a target. The syntax for the command is to list all the
files you want to change, and then provide the values you want to set
next. You can use any prop value pair you want and extract it later with
the GET_TARGET_PROPERTY command.
Properties that affect the name of a target's output file are as follows.
The PREFIX and SUFFIX properties override the default target name prefix
(such as "lib") and suffix (such as ".so").
IMPORT_PREFIX and IMPORT_SUFFIX are the equivalent properties for the
import library corresponding to a DLL (for SHARED library targets).
OUTPUT_NAME sets the real name of a target when it is built and can be
used to help create two targets of the same name even though CMake
requires unique logical target names. There is also a
<CONFIG>_OUTPUT_NAME that can set the output name on a
per-configuration basis. <CONFIG>_POSTFIX sets a postfix for the
real name of the target when it is built under the configuration named by
<CONFIG> (in upper-case, such as "DEBUG_POSTFIX"). The
value of this property is initialized when the target is created to the
value of the variable CMAKE_<CONFIG>_POSTFIX (except for executable
targets because earlier CMake versions which did not use this variable for
executables).
The LINK_FLAGS property can be used to add extra flags to the link step of a
target. LINK_FLAGS_<CONFIG> will add to the configuration
<CONFIG>, for example, DEBUG, RELEASE, MINSIZEREL, RELWITHDEBINFO.
DEFINE_SYMBOL sets the name of the preprocessor symbol defined when
compiling sources in a shared library. If not set here then it is set to
target_EXPORTS by default (with some substitutions if the target is not a
valid C identifier). This is useful for headers to know whether they are
being included from inside their library or outside to properly setup
dllexport/dllimport decorations. The COMPILE_FLAGS property sets
additional compiler flags used to build sources within the target. It may
also be used to pass additional preprocessor definitions.
The LINKER_LANGUAGE property is used to change the tool used to link an
executable or shared library. The default is set the language to match the
files in the library. CXX and C are common values for this property.
For shared libraries VERSION and SOVERSION can be used to specify the build
version and api version respectively. When building or installing
appropriate symlinks are created if the platform supports symlinks and the
linker supports so-names. If only one of both is specified the missing is
assumed to have the same version number. For executables VERSION can be
used to specify the build version. When building or installing appropriate
symlinks are created if the platform supports symlinks. For shared
libraries and executables on Windows the VERSION attribute is parsed to
extract a "major.minor" version number. These numbers are used
as the image version of the binary.
There are a few properties used to specify RPATH rules. INSTALL_RPATH is a
semicolon-separated list specifying the rpath to use in installed targets
(for platforms that support it). INSTALL_RPATH_USE_LINK_PATH is a boolean
that if set to true will append directories in the linker search path and
outside the project to the INSTALL_RPATH. SKIP_BUILD_RPATH is a boolean
specifying whether to skip automatic generation of an rpath allowing the
target to run from the build tree. BUILD_WITH_INSTALL_RPATH is a boolean
specifying whether to link the target in the build tree with the
INSTALL_RPATH. This takes precedence over SKIP_BUILD_RPATH and avoids the
need for relinking before installation. INSTALL_NAME_DIR is a string
specifying the directory portion of the "install_name" field of
shared libraries on Mac OSX to use in the installed targets. When the
target is created the values of the variables CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH,
CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH_USE_LINK_PATH, CMAKE_SKIP_BUILD_RPATH,
CMAKE_BUILD_WITH_INSTALL_RPATH, and CMAKE_INSTALL_NAME_DIR are used to
initialize these properties.
PROJECT_LABEL can be used to change the name of the target in an IDE like
visual studio. VS_KEYWORD can be set to change the visual studio keyword,
for example Qt integration works better if this is set to Qt4VSv1.0.
VS_SCC_PROJECTNAME, VS_SCC_LOCALPATH, VS_SCC_PROVIDER and VS_SCC_AUXPATH can
be set to add support for source control bindings in a Visual Studio
project file.
VS_GLOBAL_<variable> can be set to add a Visual Studio
project-specific global variable. Qt integration works better if
VS_GLOBAL_QtVersion is set to the Qt version FindQt4.cmake found. For
example, "4.7.3"
The PRE_INSTALL_SCRIPT and POST_INSTALL_SCRIPT properties are the old way to
specify CMake scripts to run before and after installing a target. They
are used only when the old INSTALL_TARGETS command is used to install the
target. Use the INSTALL command instead.
The EXCLUDE_FROM_DEFAULT_BUILD property is used by the visual studio
generators. If it is set to 1 the target will not be part of the default
build when you select "Build Solution". This can also be set on
a per-configuration basis using EXCLUDE_FROM_DEFAULT_BUILD_<CONFIG>.
- set_tests_properties
- Set a property of the tests.
set_tests_properties(test1 [test2...] PROPERTIES prop1 value1 prop2 value2)
Set a property for the tests. If the property is not found, CMake will
report an error. The properties include:
WILL_FAIL: If set to true, this will invert the pass/fail flag of the test.
PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION: If set, the test output will be checked against the
specified regular expressions and at least one of the regular expressions
has to match, otherwise the test will fail.
Example: PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "TestPassed;All ok"
FAIL_REGULAR_EXPRESSION: If set, if the output will match to one of
specified regular expressions, the test will fail.
Example: PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "[^a-z]Error;ERROR;Failed"
Both PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION and FAIL_REGULAR_EXPRESSION expect a list of
regular expressions.
TIMEOUT: Setting this will limit the test runtime to the number of seconds
specified.
- site_name
- Set the given variable to the name of the computer.
site_name(variable)
- source_group
- Define a grouping for sources in the makefile.
source_group(name [REGULAR_EXPRESSION regex] [FILES src1 src2 ...])
Defines a group into which sources will be placed in project files. This is
mainly used to setup file tabs in Visual Studio. Any file whose name is
listed or matches the regular expression will be placed in this group. If
a file matches multiple groups, the LAST group that explicitly lists the
file will be favored, if any. If no group explicitly lists the file, the
LAST group whose regular expression matches the file will be favored.
The name of the group may contain backslashes to specify subgroups:
source_group(outer\\inner ...)
For backwards compatibility, this command also supports the format:
source_group(name regex)
- string
- String operations.
string(REGEX MATCH <regular_expression>
<output variable> <input> [<input>...])
string(REGEX MATCHALL <regular_expression>
<output variable> <input> [<input>...])
string(REGEX REPLACE <regular_expression>
<replace_expression> <output variable>
<input> [<input>...])
string(REPLACE <match_string>
<replace_string> <output variable>
<input> [<input>...])
string(<MD5|SHA1|SHA224|SHA256|SHA384|SHA512>
<output variable> <input>)
string(COMPARE EQUAL <string1> <string2> <output variable>)
string(COMPARE NOTEQUAL <string1> <string2> <output variable>)
string(COMPARE LESS <string1> <string2> <output variable>)
string(COMPARE GREATER <string1> <string2> <output variable>)
string(ASCII <number> [<number> ...] <output variable>)
string(CONFIGURE <string1> <output variable>
[@ONLY] [ESCAPE_QUOTES])
string(TOUPPER <string1> <output variable>)
string(TOLOWER <string1> <output variable>)
string(LENGTH <string> <output variable>)
string(SUBSTRING <string> <begin> <length> <output variable>)
string(STRIP <string> <output variable>)
string(RANDOM [LENGTH <length>] [ALPHABET <alphabet>]
[RANDOM_SEED <seed>] <output variable>)
string(FIND <string> <substring> <output variable> [REVERSE])
string(TIMESTAMP <output variable> [<format string>] [UTC])
REGEX MATCH will match the regular expression once and store the match in
the output variable.
REGEX MATCHALL will match the regular expression as many times as possible
and store the matches in the output variable as a list.
REGEX REPLACE will match the regular expression as many times as possible
and substitute the replacement expression for the match in the output. The
replace expression may refer to paren-delimited subexpressions of the
match using \1, \2, ..., \9. Note that two backslashes (\\1) are required
in CMake code to get a backslash through argument parsing.
REPLACE will replace all occurrences of match_string in the input with
replace_string and store the result in the output.
MD5, SHA1, SHA224, SHA256, SHA384, and SHA512 will compute a cryptographic
hash of the input string.
COMPARE EQUAL/NOTEQUAL/LESS/GREATER will compare the strings and store true
or false in the output variable.
ASCII will convert all numbers into corresponding ASCII characters.
CONFIGURE will transform a string like CONFIGURE_FILE transforms a file.
TOUPPER/TOLOWER will convert string to upper/lower characters.
LENGTH will return a given string's length.
SUBSTRING will return a substring of a given string. If length is -1 the
remainder of the string starting at begin will be returned.
STRIP will return a substring of a given string with leading and trailing
spaces removed.
RANDOM will return a random string of given length consisting of characters
from the given alphabet. Default length is 5 characters and default
alphabet is all numbers and upper and lower case letters. If an integer
RANDOM_SEED is given, its value will be used to seed the random number
generator.
FIND will return the position where the given substring was found in the
supplied string. If the REVERSE flag was used, the command will search for
the position of the last occurrence of the specified substring.
The following characters have special meaning in regular expressions:
^ Matches at beginning of input
$ Matches at end of input
. Matches any single character
[ ] Matches any character(s) inside the brackets
[^ ] Matches any character(s) not inside the brackets
- Inside brackets, specifies an inclusive range between
characters on either side e.g. [a-f] is [abcdef]
To match a literal - using brackets, make it the first
or the last character e.g. [+*/-] matches basic
mathematical operators.
* Matches preceding pattern zero or more times
+ Matches preceding pattern one or more times
? Matches preceding pattern zero or once only
| Matches a pattern on either side of the |
() Saves a matched subexpression, which can be referenced
in the REGEX REPLACE operation. Additionally it is saved
by all regular expression-related commands, including
e.g. if( MATCHES ), in the variables CMAKE_MATCH_(0..9).
*, + and ? have higher precedence than concatenation. | has lower precedence
than concatenation. This means that the regular expression
"^ab+d$" matches "abbd" but not "ababd", and
the regular expression "^(ab|cd)$" matches "ab" but
not "abd".
TIMESTAMP will write a string representation of the current date and/or time
to the output variable.
Should the command be unable to obtain a timestamp the output variable will
be set to the empty string "".
The optional UTC flag requests the current date/time representation to be in
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) rather than local time.
The optional <format string> may contain the following format
specifiers:
%d The day of the current month (01-31).
%H The hour on a 24-hour clock (00-23).
%I The hour on a 12-hour clock (01-12).
%j The day of the current year (001-366).
%m The month of the current year (01-12).
%M The minute of the current hour (00-59).
%S The second of the current minute.
60 represents a leap second. (00-60)
%U The week number of the current year (00-53).
%w The day of the current week. 0 is Sunday. (0-6)
%y The last two digits of the current year (00-99)
%Y The current year.
Unknown format specifiers will be ignored and copied to the output as-is.
If no explicit <format string> is given it will default to:
%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S for local time.
%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ for UTC.
- target_compile_definitions
- Add compile definitions to a target.
target_compile_definitions(<target> <INTERFACE|PUBLIC|PRIVATE> [items1...]
[<INTERFACE|PUBLIC|PRIVATE> [items2...] ...])
Specify compile definitions to use when compiling a given target. The named
<target> must have been created by a command such as add_executable
or add_library and must not be an IMPORTED target. The INTERFACE, PUBLIC
and PRIVATE keywords are required to specify the scope of the following
arguments. PRIVATE and PUBLIC items will populate the COMPILE_DEFINITIONS
property of <target>. PUBLIC and INTERFACE items will populate the
INTERFACE_COMPILE_DEFINITIONS property of <target>. The following
arguments specify compile definitions. Repeated calls for the same
<target> append items in the order called.
Arguments to target_compile_definitions may use "generator
expressions" with the syntax "$<...>". Generator
expressions are evaluted during build system generation to produce
information specific to each build configuration. Valid expressions are:
$<0:...> = empty string (ignores "...")
$<1:...> = content of "..."
$<CONFIG:cfg> = '1' if config is "cfg", else '0'
$<CONFIGURATION> = configuration name
$<BOOL:...> = '1' if the '...' is true, else '0'
$<STREQUAL:a,b> = '1' if a is STREQUAL b, else '0'
$<ANGLE-R> = A literal '>'. Used to compare strings which contain a '>' for example.
$<COMMA> = A literal ','. Used to compare strings which contain a ',' for example.
$<SEMICOLON> = A literal ';'. Used to prevent list expansion on an argument with ';'.
$<TARGET_NAME:...> = Marks ... as being the name of a target. This is required if exporting targets to multiple dependent export sets. The '...' must be a literal name of a target- it may not contain generator expressions.
$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:...> = content of "..." when the property is exported using install(EXPORT), and empty otherwise.
$<BUILD_INTERFACE:...> = content of "..." when the property is exported using export(), or when the target is used by another target in the same buildsystem. Expands to the empty string otherwise.
$<TARGET_FILE:tgt> = main file (.exe, .so.1.2, .a)
$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE:tgt> = file used to link (.a, .lib, .so)
$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE:tgt> = file with soname (.so.3)
where "tgt" is the name of a target. Target file expressions
produce a full path, but _DIR and _NAME versions can produce the directory
and file name components:
$<TARGET_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_PROPERTY:tgt,prop> = The value of the property prop on the target tgt.
Note that tgt is not added as a dependency of the target this expression is
evaluated on.
$<TARGET_POLICY:pol> = '1' if the policy was NEW when the 'head' target was created, else '0'. If the policy was not set, the warning message for the policy will be emitted. This generator expression only works for a subset of policies.
$<INSTALL_PREFIX> = Content of the install prefix when the target is exported via INSTALL(EXPORT) and empty otherwise.
Boolean expressions:
$<AND:?[,?]...> = '1' if all '?' are '1', else '0'
$<OR:?[,?]...> = '0' if all '?' are '0', else '1'
$<NOT:?> = '0' if '?' is '1', else '1'
where '?' is always either '0' or '1'.
Expressions with an implicit 'this' target:
$<TARGET_PROPERTY:prop> = The value of the property prop on the target on which the generator expression is evaluated.
- target_include_directories
- Add include directories to a target.
target_include_directories(<target> [BEFORE] <INTERFACE|PUBLIC|PRIVATE> [items1...]
[<INTERFACE|PUBLIC|PRIVATE> [items2...] ...])
Specify include directories or targets to use when compiling a given target.
The named <target> must have been created by a command such as
add_executable or add_library and must not be an IMPORTED target.
If BEFORE is specified, the content will be prepended to the property
instead of being appended.
The INTERFACE, PUBLIC and PRIVATE keywords are required to specify the scope
of the following arguments. PRIVATE and PUBLIC items will populate the
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES property of <target>. PUBLIC and INTERFACE items
will populate the INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES property of
<target>. The following arguments specify include directories.
Specified include directories may be absolute paths or relative paths.
Repeated calls for the same <target> append items in the order
called.
Arguments to target_include_directories may use "generator
expressions" with the syntax "$<...>". Generator
expressions are evaluted during build system generation to produce
information specific to each build configuration. Valid expressions are:
$<0:...> = empty string (ignores "...")
$<1:...> = content of "..."
$<CONFIG:cfg> = '1' if config is "cfg", else '0'
$<CONFIGURATION> = configuration name
$<BOOL:...> = '1' if the '...' is true, else '0'
$<STREQUAL:a,b> = '1' if a is STREQUAL b, else '0'
$<ANGLE-R> = A literal '>'. Used to compare strings which contain a '>' for example.
$<COMMA> = A literal ','. Used to compare strings which contain a ',' for example.
$<SEMICOLON> = A literal ';'. Used to prevent list expansion on an argument with ';'.
$<TARGET_NAME:...> = Marks ... as being the name of a target. This is required if exporting targets to multiple dependent export sets. The '...' must be a literal name of a target- it may not contain generator expressions.
$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:...> = content of "..." when the property is exported using install(EXPORT), and empty otherwise.
$<BUILD_INTERFACE:...> = content of "..." when the property is exported using export(), or when the target is used by another target in the same buildsystem. Expands to the empty string otherwise.
$<TARGET_FILE:tgt> = main file (.exe, .so.1.2, .a)
$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE:tgt> = file used to link (.a, .lib, .so)
$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE:tgt> = file with soname (.so.3)
where "tgt" is the name of a target. Target file expressions
produce a full path, but _DIR and _NAME versions can produce the directory
and file name components:
$<TARGET_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_PROPERTY:tgt,prop> = The value of the property prop on the target tgt.
Note that tgt is not added as a dependency of the target this expression is
evaluated on.
$<TARGET_POLICY:pol> = '1' if the policy was NEW when the 'head' target was created, else '0'. If the policy was not set, the warning message for the policy will be emitted. This generator expression only works for a subset of policies.
$<INSTALL_PREFIX> = Content of the install prefix when the target is exported via INSTALL(EXPORT) and empty otherwise.
Boolean expressions:
$<AND:?[,?]...> = '1' if all '?' are '1', else '0'
$<OR:?[,?]...> = '0' if all '?' are '0', else '1'
$<NOT:?> = '0' if '?' is '1', else '1'
where '?' is always either '0' or '1'.
Expressions with an implicit 'this' target:
$<TARGET_PROPERTY:prop> = The value of the property prop on the target on which the generator expression is evaluated.
- target_link_libraries
- Link a target to given libraries.
target_link_libraries(<target> [item1 [item2 [...]]]
[[debug|optimized|general] <item>] ...)
Specify libraries or flags to use when linking a given target. The named
<target> must have been created in the current directory by a
command such as add_executable or add_library. The remaining arguments
specify library names or flags. Repeated calls for the same <target>
append items in the order called.
If a library name matches that of another target in the project a dependency
will automatically be added in the build system to make sure the library
being linked is up-to-date before the target links. Item names starting
with '-', but not '-l' or '-framework', are treated as linker flags.
A "debug", "optimized", or "general" keyword
indicates that the library immediately following it is to be used only for
the corresponding build configuration. The "debug" keyword
corresponds to the Debug configuration (or to configurations named in the
DEBUG_CONFIGURATIONS global property if it is set). The
"optimized" keyword corresponds to all other configurations. The
"general" keyword corresponds to all configurations, and is
purely optional (assumed if omitted). Higher granularity may be achieved
for per-configuration rules by creating and linking to IMPORTED library
targets. See the IMPORTED mode of the add_library command for more
information.
Library dependencies are transitive by default. When this target is linked
into another target then the libraries linked to this target will appear
on the link line for the other target too. See the
LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES target property to override the set of transitive
link dependencies for a target. Calls to other signatures of this command
may set the property making any libraries linked exclusively by this
signature private.
CMake will also propagate "usage requirements" from linked library
targets. Usage requirements affect compilation of sources in the
<target>. They are specified by properties defined on linked
targets. During generation of the build system, CMake integrates usage
requirement property values with the corresponding build properties for
<target>:
INTERFACE_COMPILE_DEFINITONS: Appends to COMPILE_DEFINITONS
INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES: Appends to INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES
INTERFACE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE: Sets POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE
or checked for consistency with existing value
target_link_libraries(<target> LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES
[[debug|optimized|general] <lib>] ...)
The LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES mode appends the libraries to the
LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES and its per-configuration equivalent target
properties instead of using them for linking. Libraries specified as
"debug" are appended to the LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES_DEBUG
property (or to the properties corresponding to configurations listed in
the DEBUG_CONFIGURATIONS global property if it is set). Libraries
specified as "optimized" are appended to the
LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES property. Libraries specified as
"general" (or without any keyword) are treated as if specified
for both "debug" and "optimized".
target_link_libraries(<target>
<LINK_PRIVATE|LINK_PUBLIC>
[[debug|optimized|general] <lib>] ...
[<LINK_PRIVATE|LINK_PUBLIC>
[[debug|optimized|general] <lib>] ...])
The LINK_PUBLIC and LINK_PRIVATE modes can be used to specify both the link
dependencies and the link interface in one command. Libraries and targets
following LINK_PUBLIC are linked to, and are made part of the
LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES. Libraries and targets following LINK_PRIVATE are
linked to, but are not made part of the LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES.
The library dependency graph is normally acyclic (a DAG), but in the case of
mutually-dependent STATIC libraries CMake allows the graph to contain
cycles (strongly connected components). When another target links to one
of the libraries CMake repeats the entire connected component. For
example, the code
add_library(A STATIC a.c)
add_library(B STATIC b.c)
target_link_libraries(A B)
target_link_libraries(B A)
add_executable(main main.c)
target_link_libraries(main A)
links 'main' to 'A B A B'. (While one repetition is usually sufficient,
pathological object file and symbol arrangements can require more. One may
handle such cases by manually repeating the component in the last
target_link_libraries call. However, if two archives are really so
interdependent they should probably be combined into a single archive.)
Arguments to target_link_libraries may use "generator expressions"
with the syntax "$<...>". Note however, that generator
expressions will not be used in OLD handling of CMP0003 or CMP0004.
Generator expressions are evaluted during build system generation to produce
information specific to each build configuration. Valid expressions are:
$<0:...> = empty string (ignores "...")
$<1:...> = content of "..."
$<CONFIG:cfg> = '1' if config is "cfg", else '0'
$<CONFIGURATION> = configuration name
$<BOOL:...> = '1' if the '...' is true, else '0'
$<STREQUAL:a,b> = '1' if a is STREQUAL b, else '0'
$<ANGLE-R> = A literal '>'. Used to compare strings which contain a '>' for example.
$<COMMA> = A literal ','. Used to compare strings which contain a ',' for example.
$<SEMICOLON> = A literal ';'. Used to prevent list expansion on an argument with ';'.
$<TARGET_NAME:...> = Marks ... as being the name of a target. This is required if exporting targets to multiple dependent export sets. The '...' must be a literal name of a target- it may not contain generator expressions.
$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:...> = content of "..." when the property is exported using install(EXPORT), and empty otherwise.
$<BUILD_INTERFACE:...> = content of "..." when the property is exported using export(), or when the target is used by another target in the same buildsystem. Expands to the empty string otherwise.
$<TARGET_FILE:tgt> = main file (.exe, .so.1.2, .a)
$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE:tgt> = file used to link (.a, .lib, .so)
$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE:tgt> = file with soname (.so.3)
where "tgt" is the name of a target. Target file expressions
produce a full path, but _DIR and _NAME versions can produce the directory
and file name components:
$<TARGET_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_PROPERTY:tgt,prop> = The value of the property prop on the target tgt.
Note that tgt is not added as a dependency of the target this expression is
evaluated on.
$<TARGET_POLICY:pol> = '1' if the policy was NEW when the 'head' target was created, else '0'. If the policy was not set, the warning message for the policy will be emitted. This generator expression only works for a subset of policies.
$<INSTALL_PREFIX> = Content of the install prefix when the target is exported via INSTALL(EXPORT) and empty otherwise.
Boolean expressions:
$<AND:?[,?]...> = '1' if all '?' are '1', else '0'
$<OR:?[,?]...> = '0' if all '?' are '0', else '1'
$<NOT:?> = '0' if '?' is '1', else '1'
where '?' is always either '0' or '1'.
Expressions with an implicit 'this' target:
$<TARGET_PROPERTY:prop> = The value of the property prop on the target on which the generator expression is evaluated.
- try_compile
- Try building some code.
try_compile(RESULT_VAR <bindir> <srcdir>
<projectName> [targetName] [CMAKE_FLAGS flags...]
[OUTPUT_VARIABLE <var>])
Try building a project. In this form, srcdir should contain a complete CMake
project with a CMakeLists.txt file and all sources. The bindir and srcdir
will not be deleted after this command is run. Specify targetName to build
a specific target instead of the 'all' or 'ALL_BUILD' target.
try_compile(RESULT_VAR <bindir> <srcfile>
[CMAKE_FLAGS flags...]
[COMPILE_DEFINITIONS flags...]
[LINK_LIBRARIES libs...]
[OUTPUT_VARIABLE <var>]
[COPY_FILE <fileName>])
Try building a source file into an executable. In this form the user need
only supply a source file that defines a 'main'. CMake will create a
CMakeLists.txt file to build the source as an executable. Specify
COPY_FILE to get a copy of the linked executable at the given fileName.
In this version all files in bindir/CMakeFiles/CMakeTmp will be cleaned
automatically. For debugging, --debug-trycompile can be passed to cmake to
avoid this clean. However, multiple sequential try_compile operations
reuse this single output directory. If you use --debug-trycompile, you can
only debug one try_compile call at a time. The recommended procedure is to
configure with cmake all the way through once, then delete the cache entry
associated with the try_compile call of interest, and then re-run cmake
again with --debug-trycompile.
Some extra flags that can be included are, INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES,
LINK_DIRECTORIES, and LINK_LIBRARIES. COMPILE_DEFINITIONS are -Ddefinition
that will be passed to the compile line.
The srcfile signature also accepts a LINK_LIBRARIES argument which may
contain a list of libraries or IMPORTED targets which will be linked to in
the generated project. If LINK_LIBRARIES is specified as a parameter to
try_compile, then any LINK_LIBRARIES passed as CMAKE_FLAGS will be
ignored.
try_compile creates a CMakeList.txt file on the fly that looks like this:
add_definitions( <expanded COMPILE_DEFINITIONS from calling cmake>)
include_directories(${INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES})
link_directories(${LINK_DIRECTORIES})
add_executable(cmTryCompileExec sources)
target_link_libraries(cmTryCompileExec ${LINK_LIBRARIES})
In both versions of the command, if OUTPUT_VARIABLE is specified, then the
output from the build process is stored in the given variable. The success
or failure of the try_compile, i.e. TRUE or FALSE respectively, is
returned in RESULT_VAR. CMAKE_FLAGS can be used to pass -DVAR:TYPE=VALUE
flags to the cmake that is run during the build. Set variable
CMAKE_TRY_COMPILE_CONFIGURATION to choose a build configuration.
- try_run
- Try compiling and then running some code.
try_run(RUN_RESULT_VAR COMPILE_RESULT_VAR
bindir srcfile [CMAKE_FLAGS <Flags>]
[COMPILE_DEFINITIONS <flags>]
[COMPILE_OUTPUT_VARIABLE comp]
[RUN_OUTPUT_VARIABLE run]
[OUTPUT_VARIABLE var]
[ARGS <arg1> <arg2>...])
Try compiling a srcfile. Return TRUE or FALSE for success or failure in
COMPILE_RESULT_VAR. Then if the compile succeeded, run the executable and
return its exit code in RUN_RESULT_VAR. If the executable was built, but
failed to run, then RUN_RESULT_VAR will be set to FAILED_TO_RUN.
COMPILE_OUTPUT_VARIABLE specifies the variable where the output from the
compile step goes. RUN_OUTPUT_VARIABLE specifies the variable where the
output from the running executable goes.
For compatibility reasons OUTPUT_VARIABLE is still supported, which gives
you the output from the compile and run step combined.
Cross compiling issues
When cross compiling, the executable compiled in the first step usually
cannot be run on the build host. try_run() checks the CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING
variable to detect whether CMake is in crosscompiling mode. If that's the
case, it will still try to compile the executable, but it will not try to
run the executable. Instead it will create cache variables which must be
filled by the user or by presetting them in some CMake script file to the
values the executable would have produced if it had been run on its actual
target platform. These variables are RUN_RESULT_VAR (explanation see
above) and if RUN_OUTPUT_VARIABLE (or OUTPUT_VARIABLE) was used, an
additional cache variable
RUN_RESULT_VAR__COMPILE_RESULT_VAR__TRYRUN_OUTPUT.This is intended to hold
stdout and stderr from the executable.
In order to make cross compiling your project easier, use try_run only if
really required. If you use try_run, use RUN_OUTPUT_VARIABLE (or
OUTPUT_VARIABLE) only if really required. Using them will require that
when crosscompiling, the cache variables will have to be set manually to
the output of the executable. You can also "guard" the calls to
try_run with if(CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING) and provide an easy-to-preset
alternative for this case.
Set variable CMAKE_TRY_COMPILE_CONFIGURATION to choose a build
configuration.
- unset
- Unset a variable, cache variable, or environment variable.
unset(<variable> [CACHE])
Removes the specified variable causing it to become undefined. If CACHE is
present then the variable is removed from the cache instead of the current
scope.
<variable> can be an environment variable such as:
unset(ENV{LD_LIBRARY_PATH})
in which case the variable will be removed from the current environment.
- variable_watch
- Watch the CMake variable for change.
variable_watch(<variable name> [<command to execute>])
If the specified variable changes, the message will be printed about the
variable being changed. If the command is specified, the command will be
executed. The command will receive the following arguments:
COMMAND(<variable> <access> <value> <current list
file> <stack>)
- while
- Evaluate a group of commands while a condition is true
while(condition)
COMMAND1(ARGS ...)
COMMAND2(ARGS ...)
...
endwhile(condition)
All commands between while and the matching endwhile are recorded without
being invoked. Once the endwhile is evaluated, the recorded list of
commands is invoked as long as the condition is true. The condition is
evaluated using the same logic as the if command.
COMPATIBILITY COMMANDS¶
- build_name
- Deprecated. Use ${CMAKE_SYSTEM} and ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}
instead.
build_name(variable)
Sets the specified variable to a string representing the platform and
compiler settings. These values are now available through the CMAKE_SYSTEM
and CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER variables.
- exec_program
- Deprecated. Use the execute_process() command instead.
Run an executable program during the processing of the CMakeList.txt file.
exec_program(Executable [directory in which to run]
[ARGS <arguments to executable>]
[OUTPUT_VARIABLE <var>]
[RETURN_VALUE <var>])
The executable is run in the optionally specified directory. The executable
can include arguments if it is double quoted, but it is better to use the
optional ARGS argument to specify arguments to the program. This is
because cmake will then be able to escape spaces in the executable path.
An optional argument OUTPUT_VARIABLE specifies a variable in which to
store the output. To capture the return value of the execution, provide a
RETURN_VALUE. If OUTPUT_VARIABLE is specified, then no output will go to
the stdout/stderr of the console running cmake.
- export_library_dependencies
- Deprecated. Use INSTALL(EXPORT) or EXPORT command.
This command generates an old-style library dependencies file. Projects
requiring CMake 2.6 or later should not use the command. Use instead the
install(EXPORT) command to help export targets from an installation tree
and the export() command to export targets from a build tree.
The old-style library dependencies file does not take into account
per-configuration names of libraries or the LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES
target property.
export_library_dependencies(<file> [APPEND])
Create a file named <file> that can be included into a CMake listfile
with the INCLUDE command. The file will contain a number of SET commands
that will set all the variables needed for library dependency information.
This should be the last command in the top level CMakeLists.txt file of
the project. If the APPEND option is specified, the SET commands will be
appended to the given file instead of replacing it.
- install_files
- Deprecated. Use the install(FILES ) command instead.
This command has been superceded by the install command. It is provided for
compatibility with older CMake code. The FILES form is directly replaced
by the FILES form of the install command. The regexp form can be expressed
more clearly using the GLOB form of the file command.
install_files(<dir> extension file file ...)
Create rules to install the listed files with the given extension into the
given directory. Only files existing in the current source tree or its
corresponding location in the binary tree may be listed. If a file
specified already has an extension, that extension will be removed first.
This is useful for providing lists of source files such as foo.cxx when
you want the corresponding foo.h to be installed. A typical extension is
'.h'.
install_files(<dir> regexp)
Any files in the current source directory that match the regular expression
will be installed.
install_files(<dir> FILES file file ...)
Any files listed after the FILES keyword will be installed explicitly from
the names given. Full paths are allowed in this form.
The directory <dir> is relative to the installation prefix, which is
stored in the variable CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX.
- install_programs
- Deprecated. Use the install(PROGRAMS ) command instead.
This command has been superceded by the install command. It is provided for
compatibility with older CMake code. The FILES form is directly replaced
by the PROGRAMS form of the INSTALL command. The regexp form can be
expressed more clearly using the GLOB form of the FILE command.
install_programs(<dir> file1 file2 [file3 ...])
install_programs(<dir> FILES file1 [file2 ...])
Create rules to install the listed programs into the given directory. Use
the FILES argument to guarantee that the file list version of the command
will be used even when there is only one argument.
install_programs(<dir> regexp)
In the second form any program in the current source directory that matches
the regular expression will be installed.
This command is intended to install programs that are not built by cmake,
such as shell scripts. See the TARGETS form of the INSTALL command to
create installation rules for targets built by cmake.
The directory <dir> is relative to the installation prefix, which is
stored in the variable CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX.
- install_targets
- Deprecated. Use the install(TARGETS ) command instead.
This command has been superceded by the install command. It is provided for
compatibility with older CMake code.
install_targets(<dir> [RUNTIME_DIRECTORY dir] target target)
Create rules to install the listed targets into the given directory. The
directory <dir> is relative to the installation prefix, which is
stored in the variable CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX. If RUNTIME_DIRECTORY is
specified, then on systems with special runtime files (Windows DLL), the
files will be copied to that directory.
- link_libraries
- Deprecated. Use the target_link_libraries() command
instead.
Link libraries to all targets added later.
link_libraries(library1 <debug | optimized> library2 ...)
Specify a list of libraries to be linked into any following targets
(typically added with the add_executable or add_library calls). This
command is passed down to all subdirectories. The debug and optimized
strings may be used to indicate that the next library listed is to be used
only for that specific type of build.
- make_directory
- Deprecated. Use the file(MAKE_DIRECTORY ) command instead.
make_directory(directory)
Creates the specified directory. Full paths should be given. Any parent
directories that do not exist will also be created. Use with care.
- output_required_files
- Deprecated. Approximate C preprocessor dependency scanning.
This command exists only because ancient CMake versions provided it. CMake
handles preprocessor dependency scanning automatically using a more
advanced scanner.
output_required_files(srcfile outputfile)
Outputs a list of all the source files that are required by the specified
srcfile. This list is written into outputfile. This is similar to writing
out the dependencies for srcfile except that it jumps from .h files into
.cxx, .c and .cpp files if possible.
- remove
- Deprecated. Use the list(REMOVE_ITEM ) command instead.
remove(VAR VALUE VALUE ...)
Removes VALUE from the variable VAR. This is typically used to remove
entries from a vector (e.g. semicolon separated list). VALUE is expanded.
- subdir_depends
- Deprecated. Does nothing.
subdir_depends(subdir dep1 dep2 ...)
Does not do anything. This command used to help projects order parallel
builds correctly. This functionality is now automatic.
- subdirs
- Deprecated. Use the add_subdirectory() command instead.
Add a list of subdirectories to the build.
subdirs(dir1 dir2 ...[EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL exclude_dir1 exclude_dir2 ...]
[PREORDER] )
Add a list of subdirectories to the build. The add_subdirectory command
should be used instead of subdirs although subdirs will still work. This
will cause any CMakeLists.txt files in the sub directories to be processed
by CMake. Any directories after the PREORDER flag are traversed first by
makefile builds, the PREORDER flag has no effect on IDE projects. Any
directories after the EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL marker will not be included in the
top level makefile or project file. This is useful for having CMake create
makefiles or projects for a set of examples in a project. You would want
CMake to generate makefiles or project files for all the examples at the
same time, but you would not want them to show up in the top level project
or be built each time make is run from the top.
- use_mangled_mesa
- Copy mesa headers for use in combination with system GL.
use_mangled_mesa(PATH_TO_MESA OUTPUT_DIRECTORY)
The path to mesa includes, should contain gl_mangle.h. The mesa headers are
copied to the specified output directory. This allows mangled mesa headers
to override other GL headers by being added to the include directory path
earlier.
- utility_source
- Specify the source tree of a third-party utility.
utility_source(cache_entry executable_name
path_to_source [file1 file2 ...])
When a third-party utility's source is included in the distribution, this
command specifies its location and name. The cache entry will not be set
unless the path_to_source and all listed files exist. It is assumed that
the source tree of the utility will have been built before it is needed.
When cross compiling CMake will print a warning if a utility_source()
command is executed, because in many cases it is used to build an
executable which is executed later on. This doesn't work when cross
compiling, since the executable can run only on their target platform. So
in this case the cache entry has to be adjusted manually so it points to
an executable which is runnable on the build host.
- variable_requires
- Deprecated. Use the if() command instead.
Assert satisfaction of an option's required variables.
variable_requires(TEST_VARIABLE RESULT_VARIABLE
REQUIRED_VARIABLE1
REQUIRED_VARIABLE2 ...)
The first argument (TEST_VARIABLE) is the name of the variable to be tested,
if that variable is false nothing else is done. If TEST_VARIABLE is true,
then the next argument (RESULT_VARIABLE) is a variable that is set to true
if all the required variables are set. The rest of the arguments are
variables that must be true or not set to NOTFOUND to avoid an error. If
any are not true, an error is reported.
- write_file
- Deprecated. Use the file(WRITE ) command instead.
write_file(filename "message to write"... [APPEND])
The first argument is the file name, the rest of the arguments are messages
to write. If the argument APPEND is specified, then the message will be
appended.
NOTE 1: file(WRITE ... and file(APPEND ... do exactly the same as this one
but add some more functionality.
NOTE 2: When using write_file the produced file cannot be used as an input
to CMake (CONFIGURE_FILE, source file ...) because it will lead to an
infinite loop. Use configure_file if you want to generate input files to
CMake.
MODULES¶
COPYRIGHT¶
Copyright 2000-2012 Kitware, Inc., Insight Software Consortium. All rights
reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list
of conditions and the following disclaimer.
Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or
other materials provided with the distribution.
Neither the names of Kitware, Inc., the Insight Software Consortium, nor the
names of their contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
from this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
SEE ALSO¶
cmake(1), ctest(1)
The following resources are available to get help using CMake:
- Home Page
- http://www.cmake.org
The primary starting point for learning about CMake.
- Frequently Asked Questions
- http://www.cmake.org/Wiki/CMake_FAQ
A Wiki is provided containing answers to frequently asked questions.
- Online Documentation
- http://www.cmake.org/HTML/Documentation.html
Links to available documentation may be found on this web page.
- Mailing List
- http://www.cmake.org/HTML/MailingLists.html
For help and discussion about using cmake, a mailing list is provided at
cmake@cmake.org. The list is member-post-only but one may sign up on the
CMake web page. Please first read the full documentation at
http://www.cmake.org before posting questions to the list.
AUTHOR¶
This manual page was generated by the "--help-man" option.