table of contents
PAXTAR(1) | General Commands Manual | PAXTAR(1) |
NAME¶
paxtar
—
tape archiver
SYNOPSIS¶
paxtar |
{crtux }[014578AabefHhJjLmNOoPRSpqsvwXZz blocking-factor | archive | replstr ]
[-C directory-I filefile ... ] |
paxtar |
{-crtux }
[-014578AaeHhJjLmNOoPpqRSvwXZz -b blocking-factor-C directory-f archive-I file-M flag-s replstrfile ... ] |
DESCRIPTION¶
Thepaxtar
command creates, adds files to, or
extracts files from an archive file in “tar” format. A tar
archive is often stored on a magnetic tape, but can be stored equally well on
a floppy, CD-ROM, or in a regular disk file.
In the first (legacy) form, all option flags except for
-C
and
-I
must be contained within the first
argument to paxtar
and must not be prefixed
by a hyphen (‘-’). Option arguments, if any, are processed as
subsequent arguments to paxtar
and are
processed in the order in which their corresponding option flags have been
presented on the command line.
In the second and preferred form, option flags may be given in any order and are
immediately followed by their corresponding option argument values.
One of the following flags must be present:
-c
- Create new archive, or overwrite an existing archive, adding the specified files to it.
-r
- Append the named new files to existing archive. Note that this will only work on media on which an end-of-file mark can be overwritten.
-t
- List contents of archive. If any files are named on the command line, only
those files will be listed. The file
arguments may be specified as glob patterns (see
glob(3) for more information), in which case
paxtar
will list all archive members that match each pattern. -u
- Alias for
-r
. -x
- Extract files from archive. If any files are named on the command line,
only those files will be extracted from the archive. The
file arguments may be specified as glob
patterns (see glob(3) for more information),
in which case
paxtar
will extract all archive members that match each pattern. If more than one copy of a file exists in the archive, later copies will overwrite earlier copies during extraction. The file mode and modification time are preserved if possible. The file mode is subject to modification by the umask(2).
-A
- Write Unix Archiver libraries instead of tape archives.
-a
- Guess the compression utility based on the archive filename. Inability to
guess will result in quietly not using any compression. This option only
exists for semi-compatibility with GNU
tar
; it is strongly recommended to archive to stdout and pipe into an external compression utility with appropriate arguments instead:tar -cf - foo | xz -2e >foo.txz
-b
blocking-factor- Set blocking factor to use for the archive.
paxtar
uses 512-byte blocks. The default is 20, the maximum is 126. Archives with a blocking factor larger than 63 violate the POSIX standard and will not be portable to all systems. -C
directory- This is a positional argument which sets the working directory for the following files. When extracting, files will be extracted into the specified directory; when creating, the specified files will be matched from the directory.
-e
- Stop after the first error.
-f
archive- Filename where the archive is stored. Defaults to /dev/rst0.
-H
- Follow symlinks given on the command line only.
-h
- Follow symbolic links as if they were normal files or directories. In extract mode this means that a directory entry in the archive will not overwrite an existing symbolic link, but rather what the link ultimately points to.
-I
file- This is a positional argument which reads the names of files to archive or extract from the given file, one per line.
-J
- Use the xz utility to compress the archive.
-j
- Use the bzip2 utility to compress the archive.
-L
- Synonym for the
-h
option. -M
flag- Configure the archive normaliser. flag is
either a numeric value compatible to
strtonum(3) which is directly stored in the
flags word, or one of the following values, optionally prefixed with
“no-” to turn them off:
- inodes
- 0x0001: Serialise inodes, zero device info.
- links
- 0x0002: Store content of hard links only once.
- mtime
- 0x0004: Zero out the file modification time.
- uidgid
- 0x0008: Set owner to 0:0 (root:wheel).
- verb
- 0x0010: Debug this option.
- debug
- 0x0020: Debug file header storage.
- lncp
- 0x0040: Extract hard links by copy if link fails.
- numid
- 0x0080: Use only numeric uid and gid values.
- gslash
- 0x0100: Append a slash after directory names.
- set
- 0x0003: Keep ownership and mtime intact.
- dist
- 0x008B: Clean everything except mtime.
- norm
- 0x008F: Clean everything.
- root
- 0x0089: Clean owner and device information.
-m
- Do not preserve modification time.
-N
- Same as
-M
numid. -O
- If reading, extract files to standard output.
-o
- Don't write directory information that the older (V7) style
tar
is unable to decode. This implies the-O
flag. -P
- Do not strip leading slashes (‘/’) from pathnames. The default is to strip leading slashes.
-p
- Preserve user and group ID as well as file mode regardless of the current
umask(2). The setuid and setgid bits are only
preserved if the user is the superuser. Only meaningful in conjunction
with the
-x
flag. -q
- Select the first archive member that matches each file operand. No more than one archive member is matched for each file. When members of type directory are matched, the file hierarchy rooted at that directory is also matched.
-R
- Write SysVR4 CPIO files instead of tar or POSIX ustar files. Serialise inode numbers, zero out device information. The file content of hard links is stored only once.
-S
- Write SysVR4 CPIO files with CRC instead of tar or POSIX ustar files. Serialise inode numbers, zero out device information. The file content of hard links is stored only once.
-s
replstr- Modify the archive member names according to the substitution expression
replstr, using the syntax of the
ed(1) utility regular expressions.
file arguments may be given to restrict
the list of archive members to those specified.
The format of these regular expressions is
As in ed(1), old is a basic regular expression (see re_format(7)) and new can contain an ampersand (‘
/old/new/[gp]
&
’), ‘\n
’ (where n is a digit) back-references, or subexpression matching. The old string may also contain newline characters. Any non-null character can be used as a delimiter (‘/
’ is shown here). Multiple-s
expressions can be specified. The expressions are applied in the order they are specified on the command line, terminating with the first successful substitution. The optional trailingg
continues to apply the substitution expression to the pathname substring, which starts with the first character following the end of the last successful substitution. The first unsuccessful substitution stops the operation of theg
option. The optional trailingp
will cause the final result of a successful substitution to be written to standard error in the following format:original-pathname >> new-pathnameFile or archive member names that substitute to the empty string are not selected and will be skipped. -v
- Verbose operation mode.
-w
- Interactively rename files. This option causes
paxtar
to prompt the user for the filename to use when storing or extracting files in an archive. -X
- Do not cross mount points in the file system.
-Z
- Use the compress(1) utility to compress the archive.
-z
- Use the gzip(1) utility to compress the archive.
-014578
ENVIRONMENT¶
TMPDIR
- Path in which to store temporary files.
TAPE
- Default tape device to use instead of /dev/rst0.
FILES¶
- /dev/rst0
- default archive name
EXIT STATUS¶
Thepaxtar
utility exits with one of the
following values:
- 0
- All files were processed successfully.
- 1
- An error occurred.
EXAMPLES¶
Create an archive on the default tape drive, containing the files named bonvole and sekve:$ paxtar c bonvole sekve
$ paxtar zcf foriru.tar.gz bonvole
sekve
$ paxtar zcvf backup.tar.gz
*.c
$ paxtar tvzf backup.tar.gz
'*.jpeg'
DIAGNOSTICS¶
Wheneverpaxtar
cannot create a file or a
link when extracting an archive or cannot find a file while writing an
archive, or cannot preserve the user ID, group ID, file mode, or access and
modification times when the -p
option is
specified, a diagnostic message is written to standard error and a non-zero
exit value will be returned, but processing will continue. In the case where
paxtar
cannot create a link to a file,
unless -M
lncp is given,
paxtar
will not create a second copy of the
file.
If the extraction of a file from an archive is prematurely terminated by a
signal or error, paxtar
may have only
partially extracted the file the user wanted. Additionally, the file modes of
extracted files and directories may have incorrect file bits, and the
modification and access times may be wrong.
If the creation of an archive is prematurely terminated by a signal or error,
paxtar
may have only partially created the
archive, which may violate the specific archive format specification.
SEE ALSO¶
ar(1), cpio(1), pax(1), paxcpio(1), tar(1), deb(5)HISTORY¶
Atar
command first appeared in
Version 7 AT&T UNIX.
AUTHORS¶
Keith Muller at the University of California, San Diego. MirOS extensions by Thorsten Glaser ⟨tg@mirbsd.org⟩.CAVEATS¶
The flags-AaJjLMNRS
are not portable to
other implementations of tar
where they may
have a different meaning or not exist at all.
BUGS¶
The pax file format is not yet supported.July 3, 2014 | MirBSD |