NAME¶
ovs-pki - OpenFlow public key infrastructure management utility
SYNOPSIS¶
Each command takes the form:
ovs-pki [
options]
command [
args]
The implemented commands and their arguments are:
ovs-pki init
ovs-pki req name
ovs-pki sign name [
type]
ovs-pki req+sign name [
type]
ovs-pki verify name [
type]
ovs-pki fingerprint file
ovs-pki self-sign name
Each
type above is a certificate type, either
switch (default) or
controller.
The available options are:
[
-k type |
--key=type]
[
-B nbits |
--bits=nbits]
[
-D file |
--dsaparam=file]
[
-b |
--batch]
[
-f |
--force]
[
-d dir |
--dir=dir]
[
-l file |
--log=file]
[
-h |
--help]
Some options do not apply to every command.
DESCRIPTION¶
The
ovs-pki program sets up and manages a public key infrastructure for
use with OpenFlow. It is intended to be a simple interface for organizations
that do not have an established public key infrastructure. Other PKI tools can
substitute for or supplement the use of
ovs-pki.
ovs-pki uses
openssl(1) for certificate management and key
generation.
OFFLINE COMMANDS¶
The following
ovs-pki commands support manual PKI administration:
- init
- Initializes a new PKI (by default in directory
/var/lib/openvswitch/pki) and populates it with a pair of
certificate authorities for controllers and switches.
This command should ideally be run on a high-security machine separate from
any OpenFlow controller or switch, called the CA machine. The files
pki/controllerca/cacert.pem and pki/switchca/cacert.pem that
it produces will need to be copied over to the OpenFlow switches and
controllers, respectively. Their contents may safely be made public.
By default, ovs-pki generates 2048-bit RSA keys. The -B or
--bits option (see below) may be used to override the key length.
The -k dsa or --key=dsa option may be used to use DSA in
place of RSA. If DSA is selected, the dsaparam.pem file generated
in the new PKI hierarchy must be copied to any machine on which the
req command (see below) will be executed. Its contents may safely
be made public.
Other files generated by init may remain on the CA machine. The files
pki/controllerca/private/cakey.pem and
pki/switchca/private/cakey.pem have particularly sensitive contents
that should not be exposed.
- req name
- Generates a new private key named name-privkey.pem and
corresponding certificate request named name-req.pem. The
private key can be intended for use by a switch or a controller.
This command should ideally be run on the switch or controller that will use
the private key to identify itself. The file name-req.pem
must be copied to the CA machine for signing with the sign command
(below).
This command will output a fingerprint to stdout as its final step. Write
down the fingerprint and take it to the CA machine before continuing with
the sign step.
When RSA keys are in use (as is the default), req, unlike the rest of
ovs-pki's commands, does not need access to a PKI hierarchy created
by ovs-pki init. The -B or --bits option (see below)
may be used to specify the number of bits in the generated RSA key.
When DSA keys are used (as specified with --key=dsa), req
needs access to the dsaparam.pem file created as part of the PKI
hierarchy (but not to other files in that tree). By default,
ovs-pki looks for this file in
/var/lib/openvswitch/pki/dsaparam.pem, but the -D or
--dsaparam option (see below) may be used to specify an alternate
location.
name-privkey.pem has sensitive contents that should not be
exposed. name-req.pem may be safely made public.
- sign name [type]
- Signs the certificate request named name-req.pem that was
produced in the previous step, producing a certificate named
name-cert.pem. type, either switch (default)
or controller, indicates the use for which the key is being
certified.
This command must be run on the CA machine.
The command will output a fingerprint to stdout and request that you verify
that it is the same fingerprint output by the req command. This
ensures that the request being signed is the same one produced by
req. (The -b or --batch option suppresses the
verification step.)
The file name-cert.pem will need to be copied back to the
switch or controller for which it is intended. Its contents may safely be
made public.
- req+sign name [type]
- Combines the req and sign commands into a single step,
outputting all the files produced by each. The
name-privkey.pem and name-cert.pem files must
be copied securely to the switch or controller.
name-privkey.pem has sensitive contents and must not be
exposed in transit. Afterward, it should be deleted from the CA machine.
This combined method is, theoretically, less secure than the individual
steps performed separately on two different machines, because there is
additional potential for exposure of the private key. However, it is also
more convenient.
- verify name [type]
- Verifies that name-cert.pem is a valid certificate for the
given type of use, either switch (default) or
controller. If the certificate is valid for this use, it prints the
message `` name-cert.pem: OK''; otherwise, it prints an
error message.
- fingerprint file
- Prints the fingerprint for file. If file is a certificate,
then this is the SHA-1 digest of the DER encoded version of the
certificate; otherwise, it is the SHA-1 digest of the entire file.
- self-sign name
- Signs the certificate request named name-req.pem using the
private key name-privkey.pem, producing a self-signed
certificate named name-cert.pem. The input files should have
been produced with ovs-pki req.
Some controllers accept such self-signed certificates.
OPTIONS¶
- -k type
-
- --key=type
- For the init command, sets the public key algorithm to use for the
new PKI hierarchy. For the req and req+sign commands, sets
the public key algorithm to use for the key to be generated, which must
match the value specified on init. With other commands, the value
has no effect.
The type may be rsa (the default) or dsa.
- -B nbits
-
- --bits=nbits
- Sets the number of bits in the key to be generated. When RSA keys are in
use, this option affects only the init, req, and
req+sign commands, and the same value should be given each time.
With DSA keys are in use, this option affects only the init
command.
The value must be at least 1024. The default is 2048.
- -D file
-
- --dsaparam=file
- Specifies an alternate location for the dsaparam.pem file required
by the req and req+sign commands. This option affects only
these commands, and only when DSA keys are used.
The default is dsaparam.pem under the PKI hierarchy.
- -b
-
- --batch
- Suppresses the interactive verification of fingerprints that the
sign command by default requires.
- -d dir
-
- --dir=dir
- Specifies the location of the PKI hierarchy to be used or created by the
command (default: /var/lib/openvswitch/pki). All commands, except
req, need access to a PKI hierarchy.
- -f
-
- --force
- By default, ovs-pki will not overwrite existing files or
directories. This option overrides this behavior.
- -l file
-
- --log=file
- Sets the log file to file. Default:
/var/log/openvswitch/ovs-pki.log.
- -h
-
- --help
- Prints a help usage message and exits.