NAME¶
Net::SCP::Expect - Wrapper for scp that allows passwords via Expect.
SYNOPSIS¶
Example 1 - uses login method, longhand scp:
my $scpe = Net::SCP::Expect->new;
$scpe->login('user name', 'password');
$scpe->scp('file','host:/some/dir');
Example 2 - uses constructor, shorthand scp:
my $scpe = Net::SCP::Expect->new(host=>'host', user=>'user', password=>'xxxx');
$scpe->scp('file','/some/dir'); # 'file' copied to 'host' at '/some/dir'
Example 3 - copying from remote machine to local host
my $scpe = Net::SCP::Expect->new(user=>'user',password=>'xxxx');
$scpe->scp('host:/some/dir/filename','newfilename');
Example 4 - uses login method, longhand scp, IPv6 compatible:
my $scpe = Net::SCP::Expect->new;
$scpe->login('user name', 'password');
$scpe->scp('file','[ipv6-host]:/some/dir'); # <-- Important: scp() with explicit IPv6 host in to or from address must use square brackets
See the
scp() method for more information on valid
syntax.
PREREQUISITES¶
Expect 1.14. May work with earlier versions, but was tested with 1.14 (and now
1.15) only.
Term::ReadPassword 0.01 is required if you want to execute the interactive test
script.
DESCRIPTION¶
This module is simply a wrapper around the scp call. The primary difference
between this module and
Net::SCP is that you may send a password
programmatically, instead of being forced to deal with interactive sessions.
USAGE¶
Net::SCP::Expect->new(option=>val, ... )¶
Creates a new object and optionally takes a series of options (see
"OPTIONS" below). All "OBJECT METHODS" apply to this
constructor.
OBJECT METHODS¶
auto_yes¶
Set this to 1 if you want to automatically pass a 'yes' string to any yes or no
questions that you may encounter before actually being asked for a password,
e.g. "Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?" for
first time connections, etc.
error_handler(sub ref )¶
This sets up an error handler to catch any problems with a call to '
scp()'. If you do not define an error handler, then a simple '
croak()' call will occur, with the last line sent to the terminal added
as part of the error message.
The method will immediately return with a void value after your error handler
has been called.
host(host)¶
Sets the host for the current object
login(login, password )¶
If the login and password are not passed as options to the constructor, they
must be passed with this method (or set individually - see 'user' and
'password' methods). If they were already set, this method will overwrite them
with the new values. Password will not be changed if only one argument is
passed (user).
password(password)¶
Sets the password for the current user, or the passphrase for the identify file
if identity_file option is specified in the constructor
user(user)¶
Sets the user for the current object
scp()¶
Copies the file from source to destination. If no host is specified, you will be
using 'scp' as an expensive form of 'cp'.
There are several valid ways to use this method
Local to Remote
scp(source, user@host:destination);
scp(source, user@[ipv6-host]:destination); # Same as
previous, with IPv6 host
scp(source, host:destination); # User already defined
scp(source, [ipv6-host]:destination); # Same as previous,
with IPv6 host
scp(source, :destination); # User and host already defined
scp(source, destination); # Same as previous
scp(source); # Same as previous; destination will use base
name of source
Remote to Local
scp(user@host:source, destination);
scp(user@[ipv6-host]:source, destination); # Same as
previous, with IPv6 host
scp(host:source, destination);
scp([ipv6-host]:source, destination); # Same as previous,
with IPv6 host
scp(:source, destination);
OPTIONS¶
auto_quote - Auto-encapsulate all option values and scp from/to arguments
in single-quotes to insure that special characters, such as spaces in file
names, do not cause inadvertant shell exceptions. Default is enabled. Note: Be
aware that this feature may break backward compatibility with scripts that
manually quoted input arguments to work around unquoted argument limitations
in 0.12 or earlier of this module; in such cases, try disabling it or update
your script to take advantage of the auto_quote feature.
auto_yes - Set this to 1 if you want to automatically pass a 'yes' string
to any yes or no questions that you may encounter before actually being asked
for a password, e.g. "Are you sure you want to continue connecting
(yes/no)?" for first time connections, etc.
cipher - Selects the cipher to use for encrypting the data transfer.
compress - Compression enable. Passes the -C flag to
ssh(1) to
enable compression.
force_ipv4 - Forces scp to use IPv4 addresses only.
force_ipv6 - Forces scp to use IPv6 addresses only.
host - Specify the host name. This is now useful for both local-to-remote
and remote-to-local transfers. For IPv6 addresses, either regular or
square-bracket encapsulated host are allowed (since command-line scp normally
expects IPv6 addresses to be encapsulated in square brackets).
identity_file - Specify the identify file to use.
no_check - Set this to 1 if you want to turn off error checking. Use this
if you're absolutely positive you won't encounter any errors and you want to
speed up your scp calls - up to 2 seconds per call (based on the defaults).
option - Specify options from the config file. This is the equivalent of
-o.
password - The password for the given login. If not specified, then
identity_file must be specified or an error will occur on login. If both
identity_file and password are specified, the password will be treated as the
passphrase for the identity file.
port - Use the specified port.
preserve - Preserves modification times, access times, and modes from the
original file.
protocol - Specify the ssh protocol to use for scp. The default is undef,
which simply means scp will use whatever it normally would use.
recursive - Set to 1 if you want to recursively copy entire directories.
scp_path - The path for the scp binary to use, i.e.: /usr/bin/scp,
defaults to use the first scp on your $PATH variable.
subsystem - Specify a subsystem to invoke on the remote system. This
option is only valid with ssh2 and openssh afaik.
terminator - Set the string terminator that is attached to the end of the
password. The default is a newline.
timeout - Sets the timeout value for your scp operation. The default is
10 seconds.
timeout_auto - Sets the timeout for the 'auto_yes' option. I separated
this from the standard timeout because generally you won't need nearly as much
time as you would for a standard timeout, otherwise your script will drag
considerably. The default is 1 second (which should be plenty).
timeout_err - Sets the timeout for the additional error checking that the
module does. Because errors come back almost instantaneously, I thought it
best to make this a separate option for the same reasons as the 'timeout_auto'
option above. The default is 'undef'.
Setting it to any integer value means that your program will exit after that
many seconds *whether or not the operation has completed*. Caveat programmor.
user - The login name you wish to use.
verbose - Set to 1 if you want verbose output sent to STDOUT. Note that
this disables some error checking (ala no_check) because the verbose output
could otherwise be picked up by expect itself.
NOTES¶
The -q option (disable progress meter) is automatically passed to scp.
The -B option may NOT be set. If you don't plan to send passwords or use
identity files (with passphrases), consider using
Net::SCP instead.
In the event a new version of
Net::SSH::Perl is released that supports
scp, I recommend using that instead. Why? First, it should be a more secure
way to perform scp. Second, this module is not the fastest, even with error
checking turned off. Both reasons have to do with TTY interaction.
Also, please see the Net::SFTP module from Dave Rolsky. If this suits your
needs, use it instead.
FUTURE PLANS¶
There are a few options I haven't implemented. If you *really* want to see them
added, let me know and I'll see what I can do.
Add exception handling tests to the interactive test suite.
KNOWN ISSUES¶
At least one user has reported warnings related to POD parsing with Perl
5.00503. These can be safely ignored. They do not appear in Perl 5.6 or later.
Probably not thread safe. See RT bug #7567 from Adam Ruck.
THANKS¶
Thanks to Roland Giersig (and Austin Schutz) for the Expect module. Very handy.
Thanks also go out to all those who have submitted bug reports and/or patches.
See the CHANGES file for specifics.
LICENSE¶
Net::SCP::Expect is licensed under the same terms as Perl itself.
COPYRIGHT¶
2005-2008 Eric Rybski <rybskej@yahoo.com>, 2003-2004 Daniel J. Berger.
CURRENT AUTHOR AND MAINTAINER¶
Eric Rybski <rybskej@yahoo.com>. Please send all module inquries to me.
ORIGINAL AUTHOR¶
Daniel Berger
djberg96 at yahoo dot com
imperator on IRC
SEE ALSO¶
Net::SCP, Net::SFTP, Net::SSH::Perl, Net::SSH2