NAME¶
cset-shield - cpuset supercommand which implements cpu shielding
SYNOPSIS¶
cset [cset options] shield [shield options] [args]
cset shield --help
cset shield
cset shield --cpu 1-7
cset shield --cpu 1-7 --kthread=on
cset shield --exec /opt/software/myapp/doit --my_opt1 --my_opt2
cset shield --user appuser --exec run_benchmark.sh
cset shield --shield --pid 1024,2048,5000-1000
cset shield --unshield --pid 6000-8500
cset shield --kthread=off
cset shield --kthread=on
cset shield --shield bash
OPTIONS¶
-h, --help
prints the list of options for this command
-c CPUSPEC, --cpu=CPUSPEC
modifies or initializes the shield cpusets
-r, --reset
destroys the shield
-e, --exec
executes args in the shield
--user=USER
use this USER for --exec (id or name)
--group=GROUP
use this GROUP for --exec (id or name)
-s, --shield
shield PIDSPEC specified with -p/--pid of processes or
threads
-u, --unshield
remove PIDSPEC specified with -p/--pid of processes or
threads from the shield, the tasks keep running in the unshielded cpuset
--threads
if specified, any processes found in the PIDSPEC to have
multiple threads will automatically have all their threads added to the
PIDSPEC (use to shield or unshield all related threads)
-k on|off, --kthread=on|off
shield from unbound interrupt threads as well
-f, --force
force operation, use with care
-v, --verbose
prints more detailed output, additive
--sysset=SYSSET
optionally specify system cpuset name
--userset=USERSET
optionally specify user cpuset name
DESCRIPTION¶
This is a supercommand that creates basic cpu shielding. The normal cset
commands can of course be used to create this basic shield, but the shield
command combines many such commands to create and manage a common type of cpu
shielding setup.
The concept of shielding implies at minimum three cpusets, for example: root,
user and system. The root cpuset always exists in all implementations of
cpusets and contains all available CPUs on the machine. The system cpuset is
so named because normal system tasks are made to run on it. The user cpuset is
so named because that is the "shielded" cpuset on which you would
run your tasks of interest.
Usually, CPU zero would be in the system set and the rest of the CPUs would be
in the user set. After creation of the cpusets, all processes running in the
root cpuset are moved to the system cpuset. Thus any new processes or threads
spawned from these processes will also run the system cpuset.
If the optional --kthread=on option is given to the shield command, then all
kernel threads (with exception of the per-CPU bound interrupt kernel threads)
are also moved to the system set.
One executes processes on the shielded user cpuset with the --exec subcommand or
moves processes or threads to the shielded cpuset with the --shield subcommand
with a --pid option.
Note
You do not need to specify which cpuset a process or thread is running in
initially when using the --shield subcommand.
To create a shield, you would execute the shield command with the --cpu option
that specifies CPUSPEC argument that assigns CPUs to be under the shield (this
means assigned to the user cpuset, all other cpus will be assigned to the
system set).
For example:
# cset shield --cpu=1-3
On a 4-way machine, this command will dedicate the first processor, CPU0, for
the system set (unshielded) and the last three processors, CPU1, CPU2, CPU3,
for the user set (shielded).
The CPUSPEC will accept a comma separated list of CPUs and inclusive range
specifications. For example, --cpu=1,3,5-7 will assign CPU1, CPU3, CPU5, CPU6,
and CPU7 to the user (or shielded) cpuset and the inverse of that to the
system (or unshielded) cpuset.
If you do not like the names "system" and "user" for the
unshielded and shielded sets respectively, or if those names are used already,
then use the --sysset and --userset options.
For example:
# cset shield --sysset=free --userset=cage --cpu=2,3 --kthread=on
The above command will use the name "free" for the unshielded system
cpuset, the name "cage" for the shielded user cpuset, initialize
these cpusets and dedicate CPU0 and CPU1 to the "free" set and (on a
4-way machine) dedicate CPU2 and CPU3 to the "cage" set. Further,
the command moves all processes and threads, including kernel threads from the
root cpuset to the "free" cpuset.
Note
If you do use the --syset/--userset options, then you must continue to use those
for every invocation of the shield supercommand.
After initialization, you can run the process of interest on the shielded cpuset
with the --exec subcommand, or move processes or threads already running to
the shielded cpuset with the --shield subcommand and the --pid option.
Note that if your execed command takes options, then use the traditional
"--" marker to separate cset’s options from your
command’s options.
For example:
# cset shield --exec — ls -l
This command will execute "ls -l" inside the shield.
The PIDSPEC argument taken for the --pid (or -p) option is a comma separated
list of PIDs or TIDs. The list can also include brackets of PIDs or TIDs that
are inclusive of the endpoints.
For example:
1,2,5 Means processes 1, 2 and 5
1,2,600-700 Means processes 1, 2 and from 600 to 700
# cset shield --shield --pid=50-65
The above command moves all processes and threads with PID or TID in the range
50-65 inclusive, from the system cpuset into the shielded user cpuset. If they
are running in the root cpuset, you must use the --force option to actually
move them into the shield.
Note
The range of PIDs or TIDs does not need to have every position populated. In
other words, for the example above, if there is only one process, say PID 57,
in the range of 50-65, then only that process will be moved.
The --unshield (or -u) subcommand will remove the specified processes or threads
from the shielded cpuset and move them into the unshielded (or system) cpuset.
This command is also used in conjuction with a -p/--pid option that specifies
a PIDSPEC argument, the same as for the --shield subcommand.
Both the --shield and the --unshield commands will also finally output the
number of tasks running in the shield and out of the shield if you do not
specify a PIDSPEC with --pid. By specifying also a --verbose in addition, then
you will get a listing of every task that is running in either the shield or
out of the shield.
Using no subcommand, ie. only "cset shield", will output the status of
both shield and non-shield. Tasks will be listed if --verbose is used.
You can adjust which CPUs are in the shielded cpuset by issuing the --cpu
subcommand again anytime after the shield has been initialized.
For example if the original shield contained CPU0 and CPU1 in the system set and
CPU2 and CPU3 in the user set, if you then issue the following command:
# cset shield --cpu=1,2,3
then that command will move CPU1 into the shielded "user" cpuset. Any
processes or threads that were running on CPU1 that belonged to the unshielded
"system" cpuset are migrated to CPU0 by the system.
The --reset subcommand will in essence destroy the shield. For example, if there
was a shield on a 4-way machine with CPU0 in system and CPUs 1-3 in user with
processes running on the user cpuset (i.e. in the shield), and a --reset
subcommand was issued, then all processes running in both system and user
cpusets would be migrated to the root cpuset (which has access to all CPUs and
never goes away), after which both system and user cpusets would be destroyed.
Note
Even though you can mix general usage of cpusets with the shielding concepts
described here, you generally will not want to. For more complex shielding or
usage scenarios, one would generally use the normal cpuset commands (i.e. cset
set and proc) directly.
LICENSE¶
Cpuset is licensed under the GNU GPL V2 only.
COPYRIGHT¶
Copyright (c) 2008-2011 Novell Inc.
AUTHOR¶
Written by Alex Tsariounov <alext@novell.com>.
SEE ALSO¶
cset(1),
cset-set(1),
cset-proc(1)
/usr/share/doc/packages/cpuset/html/tutorial.html
taskset(1),
chrt(1)
/usr/src/linux/Documentation/cpusets.txt