NAME¶

makefs — create a filesystem image from a directory tree

SYNOPSIS¶

DESCRIPTION¶

The utility makefs creates a filesystem image into image-file from the directory tree directory. No special devices or privileges are required to perform this task.

The options are as follows:

-B byte-order

Set the byte order of the image to byte-order. Valid byte orders are ‘4321’, ‘big’, or ‘be’ for big endian, and ‘1234’, ‘little’, or ‘le’ for little endian. Some filesystems may have a fixed byte order; in those cases this argument will be ignored.

-b free-blocks

Ensure that a minimum of free-blocks free blocks exist in the image. An optional ‘%’ suffix may be provided to indicate that free-blocks indicates a percentage of the calculated image size.

-d debug-mask

Enable various levels of debugging, depending upon which bits are set in debug-mask. XXX: document these

-F specfile

Use specfile as an mtree(8) ‘specfile’ specification.

If a specfile entry exists in the underlying filesystem, its permissions and modification time will be used unless specifically overridden by the specfile. An error will be raised if the type of entry in the specfile conflicts with that of an existing entry.

In the opposite case (where a specfile entry does not have an entry in the underlying filesystem) the following occurs: If the specfile entry is marked optional, the specfile entry is ignored. Otherwise, the entry will be created in the image, and it is necessary to specify at least the following parameters in the specfile: type, mode, gname, or gid, and uname or uid, device (in the case of block or character devices), and link (in the case of symbolic links). If time isn't provided, the current time will be used. If flags isn't provided, the current file flags will be used. Missing regular file entries will be created as zero-length files.

-f free-files

Ensure that a minimum of free-files free files (inodes) exist in the image. An optional ‘%’ suffix may be provided to indicate that free-files indicates a percentage of the calculated image size.

-M minimum-size

Set the minimum size of the filesystem image to minimum-size.

-m maximum-size

Set the maximum size of the filesystem image to maximum-size. An error will be raised if the target filesystem needs to be larger than this to accommodate the provided directory tree.

-N dbdir

Use the user database text file master.passwd and group database text file group from dbdir, rather than using the results from the system's getpwnam(3) and getgrnam(3) (and related) library calls.

-o fs-options

Set filesystem specific options. fs-options is a comma separated list of options. Valid filesystem specific options are detailed below.

-S sector-size

Set the filesystem sector size to sector-size. Defaults to 512.

-s image-size

Set the size of the filesystem image to image-size.

-t fs-type

Create an fs-type filesystem image. The following filesystem types are supported:

ffs

BSD fast filesystem (default).

cd9660

ISO 9660 filesystem.

-T maximum-time

Clamp superblock and file timestamps to maximum-time seconds since the Epoch.

-x

Exclude filesystem nodes not explicitly listed in the specfile.

Where sizes are specified, a decimal number of bytes is expected. Two or more numbers may be separated by an “x” to indicate a product. Each number may have one of the following optional suffixes:

SEE ALSO¶

strsuftoll(3), installboot(8), mtree(8), newfs(8)

HISTORY¶

The makefs utility appeared in NetBSD 1.6.

Support for overriding PVD dates and the boot info table was added in

AUTHORS¶

Luke Mewburn ⟨lukem@NetBSD.org⟩ (original program)
Daniel Watt,
Walter Deignan,
Ryan Gabrys,
Alan Perez-Rathke,
Ram Vedam (cd9660 support)
Thorsten Glaser ⟨tg@mirbsd.org⟩

CAVEATS¶

makefs may be limited to images less than 2 GiB in size due to internal use of the long type.