NAME¶
zmap - The Fast Internet Scanner
SYNOPSIS¶
zmap [ -p <port> ] [ -o <outfile> ] [ OPTIONS... ] [
ip/hostname/range ]
DESCRIPTION¶
ZMap is a network tool for scanning the entire Internet (or large
samples). ZMap is capable of scanning the entire Internet in around 45 minutes
on a gigabit network connection, reaching ~98% theoretical line speed.
OPTIONS¶
BASIC OPTIONS¶
- ip/hostname/range
- IP addresses or DNS hostnames to scan. Accepts IP ranges in CIDR block
notation. Defaults to 0.0.0/8
- -p, --target-port=port
- TCP or UDP port number to scan (for SYN scans and basic UDP scans)
- -o, --output-file=name
- When using an output module that uses a file, write results to this file.
Use - for stdout.
- -b, --blacklist-file=path
- File of subnets to exclude, in CIDR notation, one-per line. It is
recommended you use this to exclude RFC 1918 addresses, multicast, IANA
reserved space, and other IANA special-purpose addresses. An example
blacklist file blacklist.conf for this purpose.
SCAN OPTIONS¶
- -n, --max-targets=n
- Cap the number of targets to probe. This can either be a number (e.g. -n
1000) or a percentage (e.g. -n 0.1%) of the scannable address space (after
excluding blacklist)
- -N, --max-results=n
- Exit after receiving this many results
- -t, --max-runtime=secs
- Cap the length of time for sending packets
- -r, --rate=pps
- Set the send rate in packets/sec
- -B, --bandwidth=bps
- Set the send rate in bits/second (supports suffixes G, M, and K (e.g. -B
10M for 10 mbps). Thi s overrides the --rate flag.
- -c, --cooldown-time=secs
- How long to continue receiving after sending has completed
(default=8)
- -e, --seed=n
- Seed used to select address permutation. Use this if you want to scan
addresses in the same order for multiple ZMap runs.
- --shards=N
- Split the scan up into N shards/partitions among different instances of
zmap (default=1). When sharding, --seed is required.
- --shard=n
- Set which shard to scan (default=0). Shards are 0-indexed in the range [0,
N), where N is the total number of shards. When sharding --seed is
required.
- -T, --sender-threads=n
- Threads used to send packets. ZMap will attempt to detect the optimal
number of send threads based on the number of processor cores.
- -P, --probes=n
- Number of probes to send to each IP (default=1)
- -d, --dryrun
- Print out each packet to stdout instead of sending it (useful for
debugging)
NETWORK OPTIONS¶
- -s, --source-port=port|range
- Source port(s) to send packets from
- -S, --source-ip=ip|range
- Source address(es) to send packets from. Either single IP or range (e.g.
10.0.0.1-10.0.0.9)
- -G, --gateway-mac=addr
- Gateway MAC address to send packets to (in case auto-detection does not
work)
- -i, --interface=name
- Network interface to use
PROBE OPTIONS¶
ZMap allows users to specify and write their own probe modules. Probe modules
are responsible for generating probe packets to send, and processing responses
from hosts.
- --list-probe-modules
- List available probe modules (e.g. tcp_synscan)
- -M, --probe-module=name
- Select probe module (default=tcp_synscan)
- --probe-args=args
- Arguments to pass to probe module
- --list-output-fields
- List the fields the selected probe module can send to the output
module
OUTPUT OPTIONS¶
ZMap allows users to specify and write their own output modules for use with
ZMap. Output modules are responsible for processing the fieldsets returned by
the probe module, and outputing them to the user. Users can specify output
fields, and write filters over the output fields.
- --list-output-modules
- List available output modules (e.g. tcp_synscan)
- -O, --output-module=name
- Select output module (default=csv)
- --output-args=args
- Arguments to pass to output module
- -f, --output-fields=fields
- Comma-separated list of fields to output
- --output-filter
- Specify an output filter over the fields defined by the probe module
ADDITIONAL OPTIONS¶
- -C, --config=filename
- Read a configuration file, which can specify any other options.
- -q, --quiet
- Do not print status updates once per second
- -g, --summary
- Print configuration and summary of results at the end of the scan
- -v, --verbosity=n
- Level of log detail (0-5, default=3)
- -h, --help
- Print help and exit
- -V, --version
- Print version and exit