NAME¶
pstree - display a tree of processes
SYNOPSIS¶
pstree [
-a,
--arguments]
[
-c,
--compact]
[
-h,
--highlight-all,
-Hpid, --highlight-pid pid]
[
-g]
--show-pgids] [
-l,
--long]
[
-n,
--numeric-sort]
[
-N,
--ns-sortns
[
-p,
--show-pids]
[
-s,
--show-parents]
[
-S,
--ns-changes]
[
-u,
--uid-changes]
[
-Z,
--security-context]
[
-A,
--ascii,
-G,
--vt100,
-U,
--unicode]
[
pid, user]
pstree -V
, --version
DESCRIPTION¶
pstree shows running processes as a tree. The tree is rooted at either
pid or
init if
pid is omitted. If a user name is
specified, all process trees rooted at processes owned by that user are shown.
pstree visually merges identical branches by putting them in square
brackets and prefixing them with the repetition count, e.g.
init-+-getty
|-getty
|-getty
`-getty
becomes
init---4*[getty]
Child threads of a process are found under the parent process and are shown with
the process name in curly braces, e.g.
icecast2---13*[{icecast2}]
If
pstree is called as
pstree.x11 then it will prompt the user at
the end of the line to press return and will not return until that has
happened. This is useful for when
pstree is run in a xterminal.
Certain kernel or mount parameters, such as the hidepid option for procfs, will
hide information for some processes. In these situations
pstree will
attempt to build the tree without this information, showing process names as
question marks.
OPTIONS¶
- -a
- Show command line arguments. If the command line of a process is swapped
out, that process is shown in parentheses. -a implicitly disables
compaction for processes but not threads.
- -A
- Use ASCII characters to draw the tree.
- -c
- Disable compaction of identical subtrees. By default, subtrees are
compacted whenever possible.
- -G
- Use VT100 line drawing characters.
- -h
- Highlight the current process and its ancestors. This is a no-op if the
terminal doesn't support highlighting or if neither the current process
nor any of its ancestors are in the subtree being shown.
- -H
- Like -h, but highlight the specified process instead. Unlike with
-h, pstree fails when using -H if highlighting is not
available.
- -g
- Show PGIDs. Process Group IDs are shown as decimal numbers in parentheses
after each process name. -g implicitly disables compaction. If both
PIDs and PGIDs are displayed then PIDs are shown first.
- -l
- Display long lines. By default, lines are truncated to either the COLUMNS
environment variable or the display width. If neither of these methods
work, the default of 132 columns is used.
- -n
- Sort processes with the same ancestor by PID instead of by name. (Numeric
sort.)
- -N
- Show individual trees for each namespace of the type specified. The
available types are: ipc, mnt, net, pid, user, uts. Regular users don't
have access to other users' processes information, so the output will be
limited.
- -p
- Show PIDs. PIDs are shown as decimal numbers in parentheses after each
process name. -p implicitly disables compaction.
- -s
- Show parent processes of the specified process.
- -S
- Show namespaces transitions. Like -N, the output is limited when running
as a regular user.
- -u
- Show uid transitions. Whenever the uid of a process differs from the uid
of its parent, the new uid is shown in parentheses after the process
name.
- -U
- Use UTF-8 (Unicode) line drawing characters. Under Linux 1.1-54 and above,
UTF-8 mode is entered on the console with echo -e ' 33%8'
and left with echo -e ' 33%@'
- -V
- Display version information.
- -Z
- (SELinux) Show security context for each process. This flag will only work
if pstree is compilied with SELinux support.
FILES¶
- /proc
- location of the proc file system
BUGS¶
Some character sets may be incompatible with the VT100 characters.
SEE ALSO¶
ps(1),
top(1).