NAME¶
FBB::DecryptBuf - Decrypts information using various methods into a std::ostream
SYNOPSIS¶
#include <bobcat/decryptbuf>
Linking option:
-lbobcat
DESCRIPTION¶
FBB::DecryptBuf objects are
std::streambuf objects that can be
used to initialize
std::ostream objects with.
All information inserted into such a
std::ostream is decrypted and
written into a
std::ostream that is given as argument to
DecryptBuf’s constructor.
All encryption methods defined by the OpenSSL library that can be selected by
name may be used in combination with
DecryptBuf objects. Most likely
the information will have been encrypted using an
EncryptBuf object,
selecting a particular encryption method. The encryption method used when
encrypting information should also be specified when constructing a
DecryptBuf object. Likewise, the constructor expects a
key and
initialization vector. The key and initialization vector that was
passed to the
EncryptBuf object must be passed to
DecryptBuf’s constructor as well.
Block ciphers use one of the following four encryption modes:
- o
- CBC (Cipher Block Chaining):
The first block is XOR-ed by the initialization vector and then encrypted
using the specified method. Subsequent blocks are XOR-ed by the encrypted
version of the preceding block. Due to the initialization vector
dictionary attacks are infeasible, as long as the initialization vector is
truly random.
- o
- ECB (Electronic Code Book):
Each block is encrypted by itself, using the specified encryption method.
Although an initialization vector may be specified, it is not used.
This method is susceptible to dictionary attacks and should therefore be
avoided, unless you know what you’re doing.
- o
- CFB (Cipher Feednack):
This method allows a block cipher to be used as a stream cipher. It uses an
initialization vector, which should be unique and random for each new
stream of data that is encrypted using the method. Encryption can only
start after the first data block has been received.
- o
- OFB (Output Feednack):
This is an alternative way to use a block cipher as a stream cipher. It is
somewhat more susceptible to traditional data manipulation attacks, which
can usually be thwarted when a message authentication code is added to the
information as well. Like CFB it uses an initialization vector, which
should again be unique and random for each new stream of data that is
encrypted.
The following table presents an overview of methods that are currently
available. Methods for which the block size is specified as N.A. are stream
ciphers; other methods are block ciphers:
|
|
|
|
|
method |
keysize |
blocksize |
mode |
identifier |
|
(bytes) |
(bytes) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AES |
16 |
8 |
CBC |
"aes-128-cbc" |
|
|
|
EBC |
"aes-128-ecb" |
|
|
|
CFB |
"aes-128-cfb" |
|
|
|
OFB |
"aes-128-ofb" |
|
24 |
24 |
CBC |
"aes-192-cbc" |
|
|
|
EBC |
"aes-192-ecb" |
|
|
|
CFB |
"aes-192-cfb" |
|
|
|
OFB |
"aes-192-ofb" |
|
32 |
32 |
CBC |
"aes-256-cbc" |
|
|
|
EBC |
"aes-256-ecb" |
|
|
|
CFB |
"aes-256-cfb" |
|
|
|
OFB |
"aes-256-ofb" |
|
|
|
|
|
BLOWFISH |
16 |
8 |
CBC |
"bf-cbc" |
|
|
|
EBC |
"bf-ecb" |
|
|
|
CFB |
"bf-cfb" |
|
|
|
OFB |
"bf-ofb" |
max key length is 56 bytes, 16 generally used |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CAMELLIA |
16 |
16 |
CBC |
"camellia-128-cbc" |
|
|
|
EBC |
"camellia-128-ecb" |
|
|
|
CFB |
"camellia-128-cfb" |
|
|
|
OFB |
"camellia-128-ofb" |
|
24 |
|
CBC |
"camellia-192-cbc" |
|
|
|
EBC |
"camellia-192-ecb" |
|
|
|
CFB |
"camellia-192-cfb" |
|
|
|
OFB |
"camellia-192-ofb" |
|
32 |
|
CBC |
"camellia-256-cbc" |
|
|
|
EBC |
"camellia-256-ecb" |
|
|
|
CFB |
"camellia-256-cfb" |
|
|
|
OFB |
"camellia-256-ofb" |
|
|
|
|
|
CAST |
16 |
8 |
CBC |
"cast-cbc" |
|
|
|
EBC |
"cast-ecb" |
|
|
|
CFB |
"cast-cfb" |
|
|
|
OFB |
"cast-ofb" |
min key length is 5 bytes, max is shown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DES |
8 |
8 |
CBC |
"des-cbc" |
|
|
|
EBC |
"des-ebc" |
|
|
|
CFB |
"des-cfb" |
|
|
|
OFB |
"des-ofb" |
|
|
|
|
|
DESX |
8 |
8 |
CBC |
"desx-cbc" |
|
|
|
|
|
3DES |
16 |
8 |
CBC |
"des-ede-cbc" |
|
|
|
EBC |
"des-ede" |
|
|
|
CFB |
"des-ede-cfb" |
|
|
|
OFB |
"des-ede-ofb" |
|
|
|
|
|
3DES |
24 |
8 |
CBC |
"des-ede3-cbc" |
|
|
|
EBC |
"des-ede3" |
|
|
|
CFB |
"des-ede3-cfb" |
|
|
|
OFB |
"des-ede3-ofb" |
Key bytes 9-16 define the 2nd key, bytes 17-24 |
|
|
|
|
define the 3rd key |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RC2 |
16 |
8 |
CBC |
"rc2-cbc" |
|
|
|
EBC |
"rc2-ecb" |
|
|
|
CFB |
"rc2-cfb" |
|
|
|
OFB |
"rc2-ofb" |
Key length variable, max. 128 bytes, default length is shown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RC2-40 |
5 |
8 |
|
"rc2-40-cbc" |
obsolete: avoid |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RC2-64 |
8 |
8 |
|
"rc2-64-cbc" |
obsolete: avoid |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RC4 |
16 |
N.A. |
|
"rc4" |
Key length is variable, max. 256 bytes. default length is shown |
|
|
|
|
Encrypt again to decrypt. Don’t use DecryptBuf |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RC4-40 |
5 |
N.A. |
|
"rc4-40" |
obsolete: avoid |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RC5 |
16 |
8 |
CBC |
"rc5-cbc" |
|
|
|
EBC |
"rc5-ecb" |
|
|
|
CFB |
"rc5-cfb" |
|
|
|
OFB |
"rc5-ofb" |
Key length variable, max. 256 bytes, rounds 8, 12 or 16, |
|
|
|
|
default # rounds is 12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The RC4 stream cipher is subject to a well-known attack (cf.
http://www.wisdom.weizmann.ac.il/~itsik/RC4/Papers/Mantin1.zip) unless the
initial 256 bytes produced by the cipher are discarded.
NAMESPACE¶
FBB
All constructors, members, operators and manipulators, mentioned in this
man-page, are defined in the namespace
FBB.
INHERITS FROM¶
std::streambuf
CONSTRUCTOR/DESTRUCTOR¶
- o
- DecryptBuf(std::ostream &outStream, char const *type,
std::string const &key, std::string const &iv, size_t
bufsize = 1024):
This constructor initializes the DecryptBuf object preparing it for
the message decrypt algorithm specified with type. The decryption
algorithms that can be used are listed in the table found in the
EncryptBuf(3bobcat) manual page. As an example: to use the AES
method on 192 bit keys and blocks in CBC mode specify
"aes-192-cbc". The key parameter refers to the key
to be used, the iv parameter refers to the initialization vector to
use. The iv’s length cannot be zero. When using ECB modes no
initialization vector is used. In those cases any non-empty initialization
vector may be provided.
- The constructor throws an FBB::Exception exception if an unknown
encryption method was specified.
- The constructor’s first parameter refers to the std::ostream
to receive the decrypted information.
- The bufsize argument specifies the size in bytes of the internal
buffer used by DecryptBuf to store incoming characters temporarily.
The provided default argument should be OK in all normal cases.
- o
- ~DecryptBuf():
The destructor calls the done() member (see below), prevending any
exception that function might throw from leaving the destructor. In this
case only a non thread-safe way to determine whether the decryption was
successfully completed is available through the static member function
lastOK() (see below). There is no copy constructor, nor move
constructor (as std::streambuf doesn’t support either).
MEMBER FUNCTIONS¶
All members of
std::streambuf are available, as
FBB::DecryptBuf
inherits from this class. Some of the
std::streambuf’s member
are overridden or are hidden by
DecryptBuf. In normal situations these
inherited members will not be used by programs using
DecryptBuf
objects.
- o
- void done():
This member can be called to indicate that all information to be decrypted
has been received. It throws an FBB::Exception exception if
decryption fails (resulting from providing the DecryptBuf object
with incorrect (usually improperly padded) input). If not explicitly
called it is called by DecryptBuf’s destructor, preventing
its exception from leaving the destructor.
- o
- void setIv(std::string const &iv):
This member can be used to specify the initialization vector to use after
construction time but before any data has been decrypted. When called
after decryption has started or when specifying an empty intialization
vector an FBB::Exception exception will be thrown. When using ECB
modes no initialization vector is used. In those cases any non-empty
initialization vector may be provided.
- o
- bool setRounds(size_t nRounds):
This member can only be used with the RC5 decryption method to set the
number of rounds of the algorithm to 8, 12 or 16. When the number of
rounds were updated successfully the member returns true. It
returns false in other cases (e.g., called for other decryption
methods than RC5 or the requested number of rounds differ from 8, 12 or
16).
STATIC MEMBER¶
- o
- bool lastOK():
This member is a non thread-safe way to determine whether the decryption has
succeeded when the DecryptBuf object’s done member
has not been called and the object has been destroyed. In that case the
object’s destructor will call done to complete the
decryption. The member lastOK returns true if the
DecryptBuf object destroyed last could complete its decryption
successfully and returns false otherwise.
PROTECTED MEMBER¶
- o
- EVP_CIPHER_CTX *cipherCtx():
Classes derived from DecryptBuf may use this member to gain direct
access to the EVP_CIPHER_CTX pointer used by the DecryptBuf
object. This pointer is a pointer to an opaque structure used by many
OpenSSL functions to set or query parameters of an decryption method.
EXAMPLE¶
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <bobcat/errno>
#include <bobcat/decryptbuf>
using namespace std;
using namespace FBB;
int main(int argc, char **argv)
try
{
if (argc == 1)
throw Errno("1st arg: method, 2nd arg: key, 3rd arg: file to "
"decrypt (to stdout), 4th arg: iv");
cerr << "Key: `" << argv[2] << "’\n"
"IV: `" << argv[4] << "’\n";
DecryptBuf decryptbuf(cout, argv[1], argv[2], argv[4]);
ostream out(&decryptbuf);
ifstream in(argv[3]);
out << in.rdbuf();
// decryptbuf.done(); // optionally
}
catch(Errno const &err)
{
cout << err.why() << endl;
return 1;
}
FILES¶
bobcat/decryptbuf - defines the class interface
SEE ALSO¶
bobcat(7),
encryptbuf(3bobcat),
std::streambuf
BUGS¶
None reported
DISTRIBUTION FILES¶
- o
- bobcat_3.23.01-x.dsc: detached signature;
- o
- bobcat_3.23.01-x.tar.gz: source archive;
- o
- bobcat_3.23.01-x_i386.changes: change log;
- o
- libbobcat1_3.23.01-x_*.deb: debian package holding the
libraries;
- o
- libbobcat1-dev_3.23.01-x_*.deb: debian package holding the
libraries, headers and manual pages;
- o
- http://sourceforge.net/projects/bobcat: public archive location;
BOBCAT¶
Bobcat is an acronym of `Brokken’s Own Base Classes And
Templates’.
COPYRIGHT¶
This is free software, distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public
License (GPL).
AUTHOR¶
Frank B. Brokken (
f.b.brokken@rug.nl).