table of contents
SND_HDA(4) | Device Drivers Manual | SND_HDA(4) |
NAME¶
snd_hda — Intel High Definition Audio bridge device driverSYNOPSIS¶
To compile this driver into the kernel, place the following lines in your kernel configuration file:device sound
device snd_hda
Alternatively, to load the driver as a module at boot time, place the following
line in loader.conf(5):
device snd_hda
snd_hda_load="YES"
DESCRIPTION¶
The High Definition (HD) Audio specification was developed by Intel as the logical successor of the old AC'97 specification and has several advantages, such as higher bandwidth which allows more channels and more detailed formats, support for several logical audio devices, and general purpose DMA channels. The snd_hda driver is a HDA bus controller driver and HDA codecs audio functions bridge driver that allows the generic audio driver, sound(4), to be used with this hardware. Only audio functions are supported by snd_hda. Modem and other possible functions are not implemented. The snd_hda driver supports hardware that conforms with revision 1.0 of the Intel High Definition Audio specification and tries to behave much like the Microsoft Universal Audio Architecture (UAA) draft (revision 0.7b) for handling audio devices. According to HDA and UAA specifications, depending on the number of HDA buses and codecs present in system, their audio capabilities and BIOS provided configuration, the snd_hda driver often provides several PCM audio devices. For example, one device for main rear 7.1 output and inputs, one device for independent headset connectors at front and one device for SPDIF or HDMI audio input/output. The assignment of audio inputs and outputs may be tuned with device.hints(5). The driver's verbose boot messages provide a lot of information about the operation of the driver and present audio setup. The default audio device may be tuned by setting the hw.snd.default_unit sysctl, as described in sound(4), or explicitly specified in application settings.Boot-time Configuration¶
The following variables are available at boot-time through the device.hints(5) file:- hint.hdac.%d.config
- Configures a range of possible options. Possible values
are: “
dmapos
”, “eapdinv
”, “gpio0
”, “gpio1
”, “gpio2
”, “gpio3
”, “gpio4
”, “gpio5
”, “gpio6
”, “gpio7
”, “gpioflush
”, “ivref
”, “ivref50
”, “ivref80
”, “ivref100
”, “fixedrate
”, “forcestereo
”, “ovref
”, “ovref50
”, “ovref80
”, “ovref100
”, “senseinv
”, “softpcmvol
”, and “vref
”. An option prefixed with “no
”, such as “nofixedrate
”, will do the opposite and takes precedence. Options can be separated by whitespace and commas. “GPIO
s” are a codec's General Purpose I/O pins which system integrators sometimes use to control external muters, amplifiers and so on. If you have no sound, or sound volume is not adequate, you may have to experiment a bit with the GPIO setup to find the optimal setup for your system. The “ivref
X” and “ovref
X” options control the voltage used to power external microphones. - hint.hdac.%d.msi
- Controls MSI (Message Signaled Interrupts) support.
- hint.hdac.%d.cad%d.nid%d.config
- Overrides codec pin configuration set by BIOS. May be specified as a 32-bit hexadecimal value with a leading “0x”, or as a set of space-separated “option=value” pairs.
- as
- Association number. Associations are used to group individual pins to form a complex multi-pin device. For example, to group 4 connectors for 7.1 output, or to treat several input connectors as sources for the same input device. Association numbers can be specified as numeric values from 0 to 15. A value of 0 means disabled pin. A value of 15 is a set of independent unassociated pins. Each association includes only pins of the same direction (in/out) and is detected atomically (all pins or none). A separate PCM audio device is created for every pair of input and output associations.
- seq
- Sequence number. A unique, per-association number used to order pins inside the particular association. Sequence numbers can be specified as numeric values from 0 to 15. For output assotiations sequence numbers encode speaker pairs positions: 0 - Front, 1 - Center/LFE, 2 - Back, 3 - Front Wide Center, 4 - Side. Standard combinations are: (0) - Stereo; (0, 2), (0, 4) - Quadro; (0, 1, 2), (0, 1, 4) - 5.1; (0, 1, 2, 4) - 7.1. The sequence number 15 has a special meaning for output associations. Output pins with this number and device type “Headphones” will duplicate (with automatic mute if jack detection is supported) the first pin in that association.
- device
- Device type. Can be specified as a number from 0 to 15 or
as a name: “
Line-out
”, “Speaker
”, “Headphones,
” “CD
”, “SPDIF-out
”, “Digital-out
”, “Modem-line
”, “Modem-handset
”, “Line-in
”, “AUX
”, “Mic
”, “Telephony
”, “SPDIF-in
”, “Digital-in
”, “Res.E
”, or “Other
”. The device type also describes the pin direction (in/out). For example, “CD
” always means an input pin, while “Headphones
” always means an output. - conn
- Connection type. Can be specified as a number from 0 to 3.
The connection type can also be specified as one of the special names
“
Jack
”, “None
”, “Fixed
”, or “Both
”. Pins with a connection type of “None
” are disabled. - ctype
- Connector physical type. Can be specified as a number from 0 to 15. This is a reference only value. It is ignored by the snd_hda driver.
- color
- Connector color. Can be specified as a number from 0 to 15
or as one of the names “
Unknown
”, “Black
”, “Grey
”, “Blue
”, “Green
”, “Red
”, “Orange
”, “Yellow
”, “Purple
”, “Pink
”, “Res.A
”, “Res.B
”, “Res.C
”, “Res.D
”, “White
”, or “Other
”. This is a reference only value. It is ignored by the snd_hda driver. - loc
- Connector physical location. Can be specified as a number from 0 to 63. This is a reference only value. It is ignored by the snd_hda driver.
- misc
- Misc bits. Can be specified as a number from 0 to 15. Bit 0 has a special meaning. When set it means that jack detection is not implemented in hardware.
Runtime Configuration¶
The following sysctl(8) variables are available in addition to those available to all sound(4) devices:- dev.hdac.%d.polling
- Enables polling mode. In this mode the driver operates by querying the device state on timer ticks using callout(9) instead of interrupts. Polling is disabled by default. Do not enable it unless you are facing weird interrupt problems or if the device cannot generate interrupts at all.
- dev.hdac.%d.polling_interval
- Controller/Jack Sense polling interval (1-1000 ms)
- dev.hdac.%d.pindump
- Setting this to a non-zero value dumps the current pin configuration, main capabilities and jack sense status to console and syslog.
EXAMPLES¶
Taking HP Compaq DX2300 with Realtek ALC888 HDA codec for example. This system has two audio connectors on a front side, three audio connectors on a rear side and one internal speaker. According to verbose driver output and the codec datasheet, this codec has five stereo DACs and two stereo ADCs, all of them are routable to any codec pin (external connector). All codec pins are reversible (could be configured either as input or output). So high codec uniformity and flexibility allow driver to configure it in many different ways, depending on requested pins usage decribed by pins configuration. The driver reports such default pin configuration when verbose messages enabled:hdac0: nid 20 0x01014020 as 2 seq 0 Line-out Jack jack 1 loc 1 color Green misc 0 hdac0: nid 21 0x99130110 as 1 seq 0 Speaker Fixed jack 3 loc 25 color Unknown misc 1 hdac0: nid 22 0x411111f0 as 15 seq 0 Speaker None jack 1 loc 1 color Black misc 1 hdac0: nid 23 0x411111f0 as 15 seq 0 Speaker None jack 1 loc 1 color Black misc 1 hdac0: nid 24 0x01a19830 as 3 seq 0 Mic Jack jack 1 loc 1 color Pink misc 8 hdac0: nid 25 0x02a1983f as 3 seq 15 Mic Jack jack 1 loc 2 color Pink misc 8 hdac0: nid 26 0x01813031 as 3 seq 1 Line-in Jack jack 1 loc 1 color Blue misc 0 hdac0: nid 27 0x0221401f as 1 seq 15 Headphones Jack jack 1 loc 2 color Green misc 0 hdac0: nid 28 0x411111f0 as 15 seq 0 Speaker None jack 1 loc 1 color Black misc 1 hdac0: nid 30 0x411111f0 as 15 seq 0 Speaker None jack 1 loc 1 color Black misc 1 hdac0: nid 31 0x411111f0 as 15 seq 0 Speaker None jack 1 loc 1 color Black misc 1
hdac0: Association 0 (1) out: hdac0: Pin nid=21 seq=0 hdac0: Pin nid=27 seq=15 hdac0: Association 1 (2) out: hdac0: Pin nid=20 seq=0 hdac0: Association 2 (3) in: hdac0: Pin nid=24 seq=0 hdac0: Pin nid=26 seq=1 hdac0: Pin nid=25 seq=15
pcm0
device playback,
using the internal speakers and Headphones jack with
speaker automute on the headphones jack connection. Association #1 (2) will
become pcm1
playback, using the
Line-out jack. Association #2 (3) will become
pcm0
recording, using the external microphones and the
Line-in jack.
The snd_hda driver provides extensive verbose messages to
diagnose its operation logic and describe its current codec configuration.
Using device.hints(5) it is possible to modify the
configuration of the existing pins, allowing a broad range of different audio
setups. Here are a few examples of some setups possible for this particular
hardware:
Example 1¶
Setting the device.hints(5) optionshint.hdac.0.cad0.nid20.config="as=1" hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid21.config="as=2"
pcm0
device will play to the line-out and headphones jacks. Line-out will be muted
on the headphones jack connection. Recording on pcm0
will go from two external microphones and line-in jacks.
pcm1
playback will go to the internal speaker.
Example 2¶
Setting the device.hints(5) optionshint.hdac.0.cad0.nid20.config="as=1 seq=15 device=Headphones" hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid27.config="as=2 seq=0" hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid25.config="as=4 seq=0"
pcm0
device will play to the internal speaker and to
the line-out jack, with speaker automute on the line-out jack connection.
Recording on pcm0
will use input from one external
microphone and the line-in jacks. The pcm1
device will
be completely dedicated to a headset (headphones and mic) connected to the
front connectors.
Example 3¶
Setting the device.hints(5) optionshint.hdac.0.cad0.nid20.config="as=1 seq=0" hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid26.config="as=2 seq=0" hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid27.config="as=3 seq=0" hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid25.config="as=4 seq=0" hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid24.config="as=5 seq=0 device=Line-out" hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid21.config="as=6 seq=0"
pcm0
(line-out and
line-in), pcm1
(headphones and mic),
pcm2
(additional line-out via retasked rear mic jack),
and pcm3
(internal speaker).
Example 4¶
Setting the device.hints(5) optionshint.hdac.0.cad0.nid20.config="as=1 seq=0" hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid24.config="as=1 seq=1 device=Line-out" hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid26.config="as=1 seq=2 device=Line-out" hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid21.config="as=2 seq=0"
pcm0
for 5.1 playback via 3 rear
connectors (line-out and retasked mic and line-in) and headset (headphones and
mic) at front connectors. pcm1
for internal speaker
playback. On headphones connection rear connectors will be muted.
MIXER CONTROLS¶
Depending on codec configuration, these controls and signal sources could be reported to sound(4):- vol
- overall output level (volume)
- rec
- overall recording level
- igain
- input-to-output monitoring loopback level
- ogain
- external amplifier control
- pcm
- PCM playback
- mix
- input mix
- mic
- first external or second internal microphone input
- monitor
- first internal or second external microphone input
- line, line1, line2, line3
- analog (line) inputs
- dig1, dig2, dig3
- digital (S/PDIF, HDMI or DisplayPort) inputs
- cd
- CD input
- speaker
- PC speaker input
- phin, phout, radio. video
- other random inputs
HARDWARE¶
The snd_hda driver supports many Intel HDA compatible audio chipsets including the following:- ATI SB450
- ATI SB600
- Intel 631x/632xESB
- Intel 82801F (ICH6)
- Intel 82801G (ICH7)
- Intel 82801H (ICH8)
- Intel 82801I (ICH9)
- Intel 82801J (ICH10)
- Intel US15W (SCH)
- nVidia MCP51
- nVidia MCP55
- nVidia MCP61A
- nVidia MCP61B
- nVidia MCP63
- nVidia MCP65A
- nVidia MCP65B
- nVidia MCP67A
- nVidia MCP67B
- nVidia MCP68
- nVidia MCP69
- nVidia MCP73
- nVidia MCP78
- nVidia MCP79
- nVidia MCP89
- SiS 966
- VIA VT8251/8237A
- Analog Devices AD1981HD
- Analog Devices AD1983
- Analog Devices AD1984
- Analog Devices AD1986A
- Analog Devices AD1988
- Analog Devices AD1988B
- CMedia CMI9880
- Conexant CX20549 (Venice)
- Conexant CX20551 (Waikiki)
- Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa)
- Realtek ALC260
- Realtek ALC262
- Realtek ALC268
- Realtek ALC660
- Realtek ALC861
- Realtek ALC861VD
- Realtek ALC880
- Realtek ALC882
- Realtek ALC883
- Realtek ALC885
- Realtek ALC888
- Realtek ALC889
- Sigmatel STAC9205
- Sigmatel STAC9220
- Sigmatel STAC9220D / 9223D
- Sigmatel STAC9221
- Sigmatel STAC9221D
- Sigmatel STAC9227D
- Sigmatel STAC9227X
- Sigmatel STAC9228D
- Sigmatel STAC9228X
- Sigmatel STAC9229D
- Sigmatel STAC9229X
- Sigmatel STAC9230D
- Sigmatel STAC9230X
- Sigmatel STAC9271D
- Sigmatel STAC9872AK
- VIA VT1708
- VIA VT1708B
- VIA VT1709
SEE ALSO¶
sound(4), snd_ich(4), device.hints(5), loader.conf(5), sysctl(8)HISTORY¶
The snd_hda device driver first appeared in FreeBSD 6.3.AUTHORS¶
The snd_hda driver was written by Stephane E. Potvin ⟨sepotvin@videotron.ca⟩, Ariff Abdullah ⟨ariff@FreeBSD.org⟩ and Alexander Motin ⟨mav@FreeBSD.org⟩. This manual page was written by Joel Dahl ⟨joel@FreeBSD.org⟩, Alexander Motin ⟨mav@FreeBSD.org⟩ and Giorgos Keramidas ⟨keramida@FreeBSD.org⟩.BUGS¶
A few Hardware/OEM vendors tend to screw up BIOS settings, thus rendering the snd_hda driver useless, which usually results in a state where the snd_hda driver seems to attach and work, but without any sound. Some of that cases can be solved by tuning loader.conf variables. But before trying to fix problem that way, make sure that problem is really exists and the PCM audio device you are using really corresponds to expected audio connector. Some vendors use non-standardized General Purpose I/O (GPIO) pins of codec to control external amplifiers. In some cases setting proper combination of GPIO bits may be needed to make sound work on specific device. HDMI and DisplayPort audio may also require support from video driver.January 22, 2010 | Debian |