.\" dpkg manual page - dpkg-maintscript-helper(1) .\" .\" Copyright © 2010-2012 Raphaël Hertzog .\" .\" This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify .\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by .\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or .\" (at your option) any later version. .\" .\" This is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, .\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of .\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the .\" GNU General Public License for more details. .\" .\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License .\" along with this program. If not, see . . .TH dpkg\-maintscript\-helper 1 "2012-05-04" "Debian Project" "dpkg suite" .SH NAME dpkg\-maintscript\-helper \- works around known dpkg limitations in maintainer scripts . .SH SYNOPSIS .B dpkg\-maintscript\-helper .IR command " [" parameter "...] \fB\-\-\fP " maint-script-parameter ... . .SH COMMANDS AND PARAMETERS .P \fBrm_conffile\fP \fIconffile\fP [\fIprior-version\fP [\fIpackage\fP]] .P \fBmv_conffile\fP \fIold-conffile\fP \fInew-conffile\fP [\fIprior-version\fP [\fIpackage\fP]] . .SH DESCRIPTION .P This program is designed to be run within maintainer scripts to achieve some tasks that dpkg can't (yet) handle natively either because of design decisions or due to current limitations. .P Many of those tasks require coordinated actions from several maintainer scripts (\fBpreinst\fP, \fBpostinst\fP, \fBprerm\fP, \fBpostrm\fP). To avoid mistakes the same call simply needs to be put in all scripts and the program will automatically adapt its behaviour based on the environment variable \fBDPKG_MAINTSCRIPT_NAME\fP and on the maintainer scripts arguments that you have to forward after a double dash. . .SH CONFFILE RELATED TASKS .P When upgrading a package, dpkg will not automatically remove a conffile (a configuration file for which dpkg should preserve user changes) if it is not present in the newer version. There are two principal reasons for this; the first is that the conffile could've been dropped by accident and the next version could restore it, users wouldn't want their changes thrown away. The second is to allow packages to transition files from a dpkg\-maintained conffile to a file maintained by the package's maintainer scripts, usually with a tool like debconf or ucf. .P This means that if a package is intended to rename or remove a conffile, it must explicitly do so and \fBdpkg\-maintscript\-helper\fP can be used to implement graceful deletion and moving of conffiles within maintainer scripts. . .SS REMOVING A CONFFILE .P If a conffile is completely removed, it should be removed from disk, unless the user has modified it. If there are local modifications, they should be preserved. If the package upgrades aborts, the newly obsolete conffile should not disappear. .P All of this is implemented by putting the following shell snippet in the \fBpreinst\fP, \fBpostinst\fP and \fBpostrm\fP maintainer scripts: .P dpkg\-maintscript\-helper rm_conffile \\ \fIconffile\fP \fIprior-version\fP \fIpackage\fP \-\- "$@" .P \fIconffile\fP is the filename of the conffile to remove. .P \fIprior-version\fP defines the latest version of the package whose upgrade should trigger the removal. It is important to calculate \fIprior-version\fP correctly so that conffiles are correctly removed even if the user rebuilt the package with a local version. For example, for a conffile removed in version \fB2.0\-1\fP of a package, \fIprior-version\fP should be set to \fB2.0\-1~\fP. This will cause the conffile to be removed even if the user rebuilt the previous version \fB1.0\-1\fP as \fB1.0\-1local1\fP. .P If the conffile has not been shipped for several versions, and you are now modifying the maintainer scripts to clean up the obsolete file, \fIprior-version\fP should be based on the version of the package that you are now preparing, not the first version of the package that lacked the conffile. .P \fIpackage\fP is the package name. If empty or omitted, the DPKG_MAINTSCRIPT_PACKAGE environment variable (as set by dpkg) will be used. .P All the parameters of the maintainer scripts have to be forwarded to the program after "\-\-". .P Current implementation: in the \fBpreinst\fP, it checks if the conffile was modified and renames it either to \fIconffile\fP\fB.dpkg\-remove\fP (if not modified) or to \fIconffile\fP\fB.dpkg\-backup\fP (if modified). In the \fBpostinst\fP, the latter file is renamed to \fIconffile\fP\fB.dpkg\-bak\fP and kept for reference as it contains user modifications but the former will be removed. If the package upgrade aborts, the \fBpostrm\fP reinstalls the original conffile. During purge, the \fBpostrm\fP will also delete the \fB.dpkg\-bak\fP file kept up to now. . .SS RENAMING A CONFFILE .P If a conffile is moved from one location to another, you need to make sure you move across any changes the user has made. This may seem a simple change to the \fBpreinst\fP script at first, however that will result in the user being prompted by dpkg to approve the conffile edits even though they are not responsible of them. .P Graceful renaming can be implemented by putting the following shell snippet in the \fBpreinst\fP, \fBpostinst\fP and \fBpostrm\fP maintainer scripts: .P dpkg\-maintscript\-helper mv_conffile \\ \fIold-conffile\fP \fInew-conffile\fP \fIprior-version\fP \fIpackage\fP \-\- "$@" .P \fIold-conffile\fP and \fInew-conffile\fP are the old and new name of the conffile to rename. .P \fIprior-version\fP defines the latest version of the package whose upgrade should trigger the rename of the conffile (see the notes for \fBrm_conffile\fR above concerning the correct value). If \fIprior-version\fP is empty or omitted, then the operation is tried on every upgrade (note: it's safer to give the version and have the operation tried only once). .P \fIpackage\fP is the package name. If empty or omitted, the DPKG_MAINTSCRIPT_PACKAGE environment variable (as set by dpkg) will be used. .P All the parameters of the maintainer scripts have to be forwarded to the program after "\-\-". .P Current implementation: the \fBpreinst\fP checks if the conffile has been modified, if yes it's left on place otherwise it's renamed to \fIold-conffile\fP\fB.dpkg\-remove\fP. On configuration, the \fBpostinst\fP removes \fIold-conffile\fP\fB.dpkg\-remove\fP and renames \fIold-conffile\fP to \fInew-conffile\fP if \fIold-conffile\fP is still available. On abort\-upgrade/abort\-install, the \fBpostrm\fP renames \fIold-conffile\fP\fB.dpkg\-remove\fP back to \fIold-conffile\fP if required. . .SH INTEGRATION IN PACKAGES .P Given that \fBdpkg\-maintscript\-helper\fP is used in the \fBpreinst\fP, using it unconditionally requires a pre-dependency to ensure that the required version of dpkg has been unpacked before. The required version depends on the command used, for \fBrm_conffile\fP and \fBmv_conffile\fP it is 1.15.7.2: .P \fBPre\-Depends:\fP dpkg (>= 1.15.7.2) .P But in many cases the operation done by the program is not critical for the package, and instead of using a pre-dependency we can call the program only if we know that the required command is supported by the currently installed dpkg: .P if dpkg\-maintscript\-helper supports \fIcommand\fP; then dpkg\-maintscript\-helper \fIcommand\fP ... fi