.\" dpkg manual page - dpkg-buildpackage(1) .\" .\" Copyright © 1995-1996 Ian Jackson .\" Copyright © 2000 Wichert Akkerman .\" Copyright © 2007-2008 Frank Lichtenheld .\" Copyright © 2008-2011 Guillem Jover .\" Copyright © 2008-2012 Raphaël Hertzog .\" .\" This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify .\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by .\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or .\" (at your option) any later version. .\" .\" This is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, .\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of .\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the .\" GNU General Public License for more details. .\" .\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License .\" along with this program. If not, see . . .TH dpkg\-buildpackage 1 "2012-05-04" "Debian Project" "dpkg utilities" .SH NAME dpkg\-buildpackage \- build binary or source packages from sources . .SH SYNOPSIS .B dpkg\-buildpackage .RI [ option ...] . .SH DESCRIPTION .B dpkg\-buildpackage is a program that automates the process of building a Debian package. It consists of the following steps: .IP \fB1.\fP 3 It prepares the build environment by setting various environment variables (see \fBENVIRONMENT\fP) and calls \fBdpkg\-source \-\-before\-build\fP (unless \fB\-T\fP or \fB\-\-target\fP has been used). .IP \fB2.\fP 3 It checks that the build-dependencies and build-conflicts are satisfied (unless \fB\-d\fP is specified). .IP \fB3.\fP 3 If a specific target has been selected with the \fB\-T\fP or \fB\-\-target\fP option, it calls that target and stops here. Otherwise it calls \fBfakeroot debian/rules clean\fP to clean the build-tree (unless \fB\-nc\fP is specified). .IP \fB4.\fP 3 It calls \fBdpkg\-source \-b\fP to generate the source package (unless a binary\-only build has been requested with \fB\-b\fP, \fB\-B\fP or \fB\-A\fP). .IP \fB5.\fP 3 It calls \fBdebian/rules\fP \fIbuild-target\fP followed by \fBfakeroot debian/rules\fP \fIbinary-target\fP (unless a source-only build has been requested with \fB\-S\fP). Note that \fIbuild-target\fR and \fIbinary-target\fP are either \fBbuild\fP and \fBbinary\fP (default case, or if \fB\-b\fP is specified), or \fBbuild\-arch\fP and \fBbinary\-arch\fP (if \fB\-B\fP is specified), or \fBbuild\-indep\fP and \fBbinary\-indep\fP (if \fB\-A\fP is specified). .IP \fB6.\fP 3 It calls \fBgpg\fP to sign the \fB.dsc\fP file (if any, unless \fB\-us\fP is specified). .IP \fB7.\fP 3 It calls \fBdpkg\-genchanges\fP to generate a \fB.changes\fP file. Many \fBdpkg\-buildpackage\fP options are forwarded to \fBdpkg\-genchanges\fP. .IP \fB8.\fP 3 It calls \fBgpg\fP to sign the \fB.changes\fP file (unless \fB\-uc\fP is specified). .IP \fB9.\fP 3 If \fB\-tc\fP is specified, it will call \fBfakeroot debian/rules clean\fP again. Finally it calls \fBdpkg\-source \-\-after\-build\fP. . .SH OPTIONS .TP .B \-b Specifies a binary-only build, no source files are to be built and/or distributed. Passed to \fBdpkg\-genchanges\fP. .TP .B \-B Specifies a binary-only build, limited to architecture dependent packages. Passed to \fBdpkg\-genchanges\fP. .TP .B \-A Specifies a binary-only build, limited to architecture independent packages. Passed to \fBdpkg\-genchanges\fP. .TP .B \-S Specifies a source-only build, no binary packages need to be made. Passed to \fBdpkg\-genchanges\fP. .TP .B \-F Specifies a normal full build, binary and source packages will be built. This is the same as the default case when no build option is specified. .P .BI \-\-target= target .br .BI "\-\-target " target .br .BI \-T target .RS Calls \fBdebian/rules\fP \fItarget\fP after having setup the build environment and stops the package build process here. If \fB\-\-as\-root\fP is also given, then the command is executed as root (see \fB\-r\fP). Note that official targets that are required to be run as root by the Debian policy do not need this option. .RE .TP .B \-\-as\-root Only meaningful together with \fB\-\-target\fP. Requires that the target be run with root rights. .P .B \-si .br .B \-sa .br .B \-sd .br .BI \-v version .br .BI \-C changes-description .br .BI \-m maintainer-address .br .BI \-e maintainer-address .RS Passed unchanged to \fBdpkg\-genchanges\fP. See its manual page. .RE .TP .BI \-a architecture Specify the Debian architecture we build for. The architecture of the machine we build on is determined automatically, and is also the default for the host machine. .TP .BI \-t gnu-system-type Specify the GNU system type we build for. It can be used in place of \-a or as a complement to override the default GNU system type of the target Debian architecture. .TP .BI \-j jobs Number of jobs allowed to be run simultaneously, equivalent to the .BR make (1) option of the same name. Will add itself to the MAKEFLAGS environment variable, which should cause all subsequent make invocations to inherit the option. Also adds \fBparallel=\fP\fIjobs\fP to the DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS environment variable which allows debian/rules files to use this information for their own purposes. The \fBparallel=\fP\fIjobs\fP in DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS environment variable will override the \fB\-j\fP value if this option is given. .TP .B \-D Check build dependencies and conflicts; abort if unsatisfied. This is the default behavior. .TP .B \-d Do not check build dependencies and conflicts. .TP .B \-nc Do not clean the source tree (implies \fB\-b\fP if nothing else has been selected among \fB\-B\fP, \fB\-A\fP or \fB\-S\fP). .TP .B \-tc Clean the source tree (using .I gain-root-command .BR "debian/rules clean" ) after the package has been built. .TP .BI \-r gain-root-command When .B dpkg\-buildpackage needs to execute part of the build process as root, it prefixes the command it executes with .I gain-root-command if one has been specified. Otherwise, if none has been specified, \fBfakeroot\fP will be used by default, if the command is present. .I gain-root-command should start with the name of a program on the .B PATH and will get as arguments the name of the real command to run and the arguments it should take. .I gain-root-command can include parameters (they must be space-separated) but no shell metacharacters. .I gain-root-command might typically be .BR fakeroot ", " sudo ", " super " or " really . .B su is not suitable, since it can only invoke the user's shell with .B \-c instead of passing arguments individually to the command to be run. .TP .BI \-R rules-file Building a Debian package usually involves invoking .B debian/rules as a command with several standard parameters. With this option it's possible to use another program invocation to build the package (it can include space separated parameters). Alternatively it can be used to execute the standard rules file with another make program (for example by using .B /usr/local/bin/make \-f debian/rules as \fIrules-file\fR). .TP .BI \-p sign-command When \fBdpkg\-buildpackage\fP needs to execute GPG to sign a source control (\fB.dsc\fP) file or a \fB.changes\fP file it will run \fIsign-command\fP (searching the \fBPATH\fP if necessary) instead of \fBgpg\fP. \fIsign-command\fP will get all the arguments that \fBgpg\fP would have gotten. \fIsign-command\fP should not contain spaces or any other shell metacharacters. .TP .BI \-k key-id Specify a key-ID to use when signing packages. .TP .BR \-us Do not sign the source package. .TP .BR \-uc Do not sign the \fB.changes\fP file. .P .BR \-i [\fIregexp\fP] .br .BI \-I [\fIpattern\fP] .br .BR \-s [ nsAkurKUR ] .br .BR \-z ", " \-Z .br .RS Passed unchanged to \fBdpkg\-source\fP. See its manual page. .RE .TP .BI \-\-source\-option= opt Pass option \fIopt\fP to \fBdpkg\-source\fP. .TP .BI \-\-changes\-option= opt Pass option \fIopt\fP to \fBdpkg\-genchanges\fP. .P .BI \-\-admindir= dir .br .BI "\-\-admindir " dir .RS Change the location of the \fBdpkg\fR database. The default location is \fI/var/lib/dpkg\fP. .RE .TP .BR \-? ", " \-\-help Show the usage message and exit. .TP .BR \-\-version Show the version and exit. . .SH ENVIRONMENT Even if \fBdpkg\-buildpackage\fP exports some variables, \fBdebian/rules\fP should not rely on their presence and should instead use the respective interface to retrieve the needed values. .SS Variables set by dpkg\-architecture \fBdpkg\-architecture\fP is called with the \fB\-a\fP and \fB\-t\fP parameters forwarded. Any variable that is output by its \fB\-s\fP option is integrated in the build environment. .SS Compiler flags are no longer exported Between versions 1.14.17 and 1.16.1, \fBdpkg\-buildpackage\fP exported compiler flags (\fBCFLAGS\fP, \fBCXXFLAGS\fP, \fBFFLAGS\fP, \fBCPPFLAGS\fP and \fBLDFLAGS\fP) with values as returned by \fBdpkg\-buildflags\fP. This is no longer the case. . .SH BACKWARD COMPATIBILITY \fBdpkg\-buildpackage\fP is using the \fBbuild\-arch\fP and \fBbuild\-indep\fP targets since version 1.16.2. Those targets are thus mandatory. But to avoid breakages of existing packages, and ease the transition, it will fallback to using the \fBbuild\fP target if \fBmake \-f debian/rules \-qn\fP \fIbuild-target\fP returns 2 as exit code. .SH BUGS It should be possible to specify spaces and shell metacharacters in and initial arguments for .IR gain-root-command " and " sign-command . . .SH "SEE ALSO" .BR dpkg\-source (1), .BR dpkg\-architecture (1), .BR dpkg\-buildflags (1), .BR dpkg\-genchanges (1), .BR fakeroot (1), .BR gpg (1).