'\" t
.\"  <!-- Copyright 1998 - 2007 Double Precision, Inc.  See COPYING for -->
.\"  <!-- distribution information. -->
.\"     Title: userdbpw
.\"    Author: [FIXME: author] [see http://www.docbook.org/tdg5/en/html/author]
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
.\"      Date: 10/28/2020
.\"    Manual: Double Precision, Inc.
.\"    Source: Double Precision, Inc.
.\"  Language: English
.\"
.TH "USERDBPW" "8" "10/28/2020" "Double Precision, Inc." "Double Precision, Inc."
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.SH "NAME"
userdbpw \- create an encrypted password
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.HP \w'\fBuserdbpw\fR\fBuserdb\fR\ 'u
\fBuserdbpw\fR [[\-md5] | [\-hmac\-md5] | [\-hmac\-sha1]] |\fBuserdb\fR {\fIname\fR} set {\fIfield\fR}
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.PP
\fBuserdbpw\fR
enables secure entry of encrypted passwords into
/etc/courier/userdb\&.
.PP
\fBuserdbpw\fR
reads a single line of text on standard input, encrypts it, and prints the encrypted result to standard output\&.
.PP
If standard input is attached to a terminal device,
\fBuserdbpw\fR
explicitly issues a "Password: " prompt on standard error, and turns off echo while the password is entered\&.
.PP
The
\fB\-md5\fR
option is available on systems that use MD5\-hashed passwords (such as systems that use the current version of the PAM library for authenticating, with MD5 passwords enabled)\&. This option creates an MD5 password hash, instead of using the traditional
\fBcrypt()\fR
function\&.
.PP
\fB\-hmac\-md5\fR
and
\fB\-hmac\-sha1\fR
options are available only if the userdb library is installed by an application that uses a challenge/response authentication mechanism\&.
\fB\-hmac\-md5\fR
creates an intermediate HMAC context using the MD5 hash function\&.
\fB\-hmac\-sha1\fR
uses the SHA1 hash function instead\&. Whether either HMAC function is actually available depends on the actual application that installs the
\fBuserdb\fR
library\&.
.PP
Note that even though the result of HMAC hashing looks like an encrypted password, it\*(Aqs really not\&. HMAC\-based challenge/response authentication mechanisms require the cleartext password to be available as cleartext\&. Computing an intermediate HMAC context does scramble the cleartext password, however if its compromised, it WILL be possible for an attacker to succesfully authenticate\&. Therefore, applications that use challenge/response authentication will store intermediate HMAC contexts in the "pw" fields in the userdb database, which will be compiled into the
userdbshadow\&.dat
database, which has group and world permissions turned off\&. The userdb library also requires that the cleartext userdb source for the
userdb\&.dat
and
userdbshadow\&.dat
databases is also stored with the group and world permissions turned off\&.
.PP
\fBuserdbpw\fR
is usually used together in a pipe with
\fBuserdb\fR, which reads from standard input\&. For example:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
\fBuserdbpw \-md5 | userdb users/john set systempw\fR
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
or:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
\fBuserdbpw \-hmac\-md5 | userdb users/john set hmac\-md5pw\fR
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
These commands set the
\fBsystempw\fR
field in the record for the user
\fBjohn\fR
in
/etc/courier/userdb/users
file, and the
\fBhmac\-md5pw\fR
field\&. Don\*(Aqt forget to run
\fBmakeuserdb\fR
for the change to take effect\&.
.PP
The following command does the same thing:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
\fBuserdb users/john set systempw=\fR\fB\fBSECRETPASSWORD\fR\fR
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
However, this command passes the secret password as an argument to the
\fBuserdb\fR
command, which can be viewed by anyone who happens to run
\fBps\fR(1)
at the same time\&. Using
\fBuserdbpw\fR
allows the secret password to be specified in a way that cannot be easily viewed by
\fBps\fR(1)\&.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.PP
\m[blue]\fB\fBuserdb\fR(8)\fR\m[]\&\s-2\u[1]\d\s+2,
\m[blue]\fB\fBmakeuserdb\fR(8)\fR\m[]\&\s-2\u[2]\d\s+2
.SH "NOTES"
.IP " 1." 4
\fBuserdb\fR(8)
.RS 4
\%[set $man.base.url.for.relative.links]/userdb.html
.RE
.IP " 2." 4
\fBmakeuserdb\fR(8)
.RS 4
\%[set $man.base.url.for.relative.links]/makeuserdb.html
.RE