.Dd Mar 19, 2024
.Dt RAX2 1
.Sh NAME
.Nm rax2
.Nd radare base converter
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm rax2
.Op Fl ebBsSvxkKh
.Op [expr] ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
This command is part of the radare project.
.Pp
Rax2 is a powerful calculator within the Radare2 suite, primarily used for
numerical system conversions, encoding and decoding C strings, hexpairs, and
base64, essential for binary analysis and reverse engineering tasks.
.Pp
The most common numerical bases include binary (base 2) for direct machine code
interaction, hexadecimal (base 16) for memory addresses and compact data
representation, and decimal (base 10) for human-readable calculations and
interpretations.
.Sh OPTIONS
.Bl -tag -width Fl
.It Fl a
Show ASCII table
.It Fl b
Convert from binary string to character (rax2 \-b 01000101)
.It Fl B
Convert from character string to binary (rax2 \-B hello)
.It Fl c
Show hexadecimal C string from integer value
.It Fl d
Print the result in decimal (base 10)
.It Fl D
Decode the input data using base64
.It Fl e
Swap endianness
.It Fl E
Encode the input data using base64
.It Fl f
Interpret the input number as a 32bit dword and display it using IEEE 754
standard for floating point arithmetic
.It Fl F
Read C strings from stdin and output in hexpairs. Useful to load shellcodes
.It Fl h
Show usage help message
.It Fl k
Keep the same base as the input data
.It Fl K
Show randomart key asciiart for values or hexpairs
.It Fl i
Dump stdin to C array in stdout (xxd replacement)
.It Fl I
Convert LONG to/from IP ADDRESS
.It Fl j
Show the output in json format, the same as the r2 `?j 0x804` command.
.It Fl L
Convert a bit stream (an arbitrary sequence of 0 and 1 of any length) to
hexadecimal. The result can be larger than 64bits
.It Fl n
Append newline to the decoded output for human friendlyness
.It Fl o
Convert from octal string to char (rax2 -o 162 62)
.It Fl r
Show the same output as the r2's `? 0x804` command.
When combined with -S (-rS) it will print r2 commands to write the actual binary into radare2
.It Fl s
Convert from hex pairs string to character (rax2 \-s 43 4a 50)
.It Fl S
Convert from character to hex string (rax2 \-S C J P)
.It Fl t
Convert epoch timestamp to human readable date format
.It Fl u
Convert given value to human readable units format
.It Fl v
Show program version
.It Fl w
Display the result as 16bit signed integer value
.It Fl x
Show hexpairs from integer value
.It Fl X
Convert a string into a hash
.Sh OUTPUT BASES
.Pp
Force output mode (numeric base)
.Pp
  =f    floating point
  =2    binary
  =3    ternary
  =8    octal
  =10   decimal
  =16   hexadecimal
.Pp
.Sh USAGE
Available variable types are:
.Pp
  int   \->  hex    rax2 10
  hex   \->  int    rax2 0xa
  \-int  \->  hex    rax2 \-77
  \-hex  \->  int    rax2 0xffffffb3
  int   \->  bin    rax2 b30
  bin   \->  int    rax2 1010d
  float \->  hex    rax2 3.33f
  hex   \->  float  rax2 Fx40551ed8
  oct   \->  hex    rax2 35o
  hex   \->  oct    rax2 Ox12 (O is a letter)
  bin   \->  hex    rax2 1100011b
  hex   \->  bin    rax2 Bx63
.Pp
.Sh EXAMPLES
With no arguments, rax2 reads values from stdin. You can pass one or more values
as arguments.
.Pp
  $ rax2 33 0x41 0101b
  0x21
  65
  0x5
.Pp
You can do 'unpack' hexpair encoded strings easily.
.Pp
  $ rax2 \-s 41 42 43
  ABC
.Pp
It supports some math operations:
.Pp
  $ rax2 1+1 "0x5*101b+5"
  2
  30
.Pp
Encode and decode binary file using base64:
.Pp
  $ rax2 -E < /bin/ls > ls.b64
  $ rax2 -D < ls.b64 > ls
.Pp
  $ cmp /bin/ls ls && echo $?
  0
.Pp
Use -B/-b to convert between binary and hexadecimal:
.Pp
  $ rax2 -B 0x1123
  001100000111100000110001001100010011001000110011
  $ rax2 -b 001100000111100000110001001100010011001000110011
  0x1123
.Pp
It is a very useful tool for scripting, so you can read floating point values, or get the integer offset of a jump or a stack delta when analyzing programs.
.Pp
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Pp
.Xr radare2(1)
.Sh WWW
.Pp
https://www.radare.org
.Sh AUTHORS
.Pp
Written by pancake <pancake@nopcode.org>.