podman-container-checkpoint(1) | General Commands Manual | podman-container-checkpoint(1) |
NAME¶
podman-container-checkpoint - Checkpoints one or more running containers
SYNOPSIS¶
podman container checkpoint [options] container [container ...]
DESCRIPTION¶
podman container checkpoint checkpoints all the processes in one or more containers. A container can be restored from a checkpoint with podman-container-restore. The container IDs or names are used as input.
IMPORTANT: If the container is using systemd as entrypoint checkpointing the container might not be possible.
OPTIONS¶
--all, -a¶
Checkpoint all running containers.
The default is false.
IMPORTANT: This OPTION does not need a container name or ID as input
argument.
--compress, -c=zstd | none | gzip¶
Specify the compression algorithm used for the checkpoint archive
created with the --export, -e OPTION. Possible algorithms are
zstd, none and gzip.
One possible reason to use none is to enable faster creation of
checkpoint archives. Not compressing the checkpoint archive can result in
faster checkpoint archive creation.
The default is zstd.
--create-image=image¶
Create a checkpoint image from a running container. This is a standard OCI image created in the local image store. It consists of a single layer that contains all of the checkpoint files. The content of this image layer is in the same format as a checkpoint created with --export. A checkpoint image can be pushed to a standard container registry and pulled on a different system to enable container migration. In addition, the image can be exported with podman image save and inspected with podman inspect. Inspecting a checkpoint image would display additional information, stored as annotations, about the host environment used to do the checkpoint:
- io.podman.annotations.checkpoint.name: Human-readable name of the original container.
- io.podman.annotations.checkpoint.rawImageName: Unprocessed name of the image used to create the original container (as specified by the user).
- io.podman.annotations.checkpoint.rootfsImageID: ID of the image used to create the original container.
- io.podman.annotations.checkpoint.rootfsImageName: Image name used to create the original container.
- io.podman.annotations.checkpoint.podman.version: Version of Podman used to create the checkpoint.
- io.podman.annotations.checkpoint.criu.version: Version of CRIU used to create the checkpoint.
- io.podman.annotations.checkpoint.runtime.name: Container runtime (e.g., runc, crun) used to create the checkpoint.
- io.podman.annotations.checkpoint.runtime.version: Version of the container runtime used to create the checkpoint.
- io.podman.annotations.checkpoint.conmon.version: Version of conmon used with the original container.
- io.podman.annotations.checkpoint.host.arch: CPU architecture of the host on which the checkpoint was created.
- io.podman.annotations.checkpoint.host.kernel: Version of Linux kernel of the host where the checkpoint was created.
- io.podman.annotations.checkpoint.cgroups.version: cgroup version used by the host where the checkpoint was created.
- io.podman.annotations.checkpoint.distribution.version: Version of host distribution on which the checkpoint was created.
- io.podman.annotations.checkpoint.distribution.name: Name of host distribution on which the checkpoint was created.
--export, -e=archive¶
Export the checkpoint to a tar.gz file. The exported checkpoint can be used to import the container on another system and thus enabling container live migration. This checkpoint archive also includes all changes to the container's root file-system, if not explicitly disabled using --ignore-rootfs.
--file-locks¶
Checkpoint a container with file locks. If an application
running in the container is using file locks, this OPTION is required during
checkpoint and restore. Otherwise checkpointing containers with file
locks is expected to fail. If file locks are not used, this option is
ignored.
The default is false.
--ignore-rootfs¶
If a checkpoint is exported to a tar.gz file it is possible with
the help of --ignore-rootfs to explicitly disable including changes
to the root file-system into the checkpoint archive file.
The default is false.
IMPORTANT: This OPTION only works in combination with --export,
-e.
--ignore-volumes¶
This OPTION must be used in combination with the --export,
-e OPTION. When this OPTION is specified, the content of volumes
associated with the container will not be included into the
checkpoint tar.gz file.
The default is false.
--keep, -k¶
Keep all temporary log and statistics files created by CRIU during
checkpointing. These files are not deleted if checkpointing fails for
further debugging. If checkpointing succeeds these files are theoretically
not needed, but if these files are needed Podman can keep the files for
further analysis.
The default is false.
--latest, -l¶
Instead of providing the container ID or name, use
the last created container. If other methods than Podman are used to
run containers such as CRI-O, the last started
container could be from either of those methods.
The default is false.
IMPORTANT: This OPTION is not available with the remote Podman client,
including Mac and Windows (excluding WSL2) machines. This OPTION does not
need a container name or ID as input argument.
--leave-running, -R¶
Leave the container running after checkpointing instead of
stopping it.
The default is false.
--pre-checkpoint, -P¶
Dump the container's memory information only, leaving the
container running. Later operations will supersede prior dumps. It
only works on runc 1.0-rc3 or higher.
The default is false.
The functionality to only checkpoint the memory of the container and in a second checkpoint only write out the memory pages which have changed since the first checkpoint relies on the Linux kernel's soft-dirty bit, which is not available on all systems as it depends on the system architecture and the configuration of the Linux kernel. Podman will verify if the current system supports this functionality and return an error if the current system does not support it.
--print-stats¶
Print out statistics about checkpointing the container(s). The output is rendered in a JSON array and contains information about how much time different checkpoint operations required. Many of the checkpoint statistics are created by CRIU and just passed through to Podman. The following information is provided in the JSON array:
- podman_checkpoint_duration: Overall time (in microseconds) needed to create all checkpoints.
- runtime_checkpoint_duration: Time (in microseconds) the container runtime needed to create the checkpoint.
- freezing_time: Time (in microseconds) CRIU needed to pause (freeze) all processes in the container (measured by CRIU).
- frozen_time: Time (in microseconds) all processes in the container were paused (measured by CRIU).
- memdump_time: Time (in microseconds) needed to extract all required memory pages from all container processes (measured by CRIU).
- memwrite_time: Time (in microseconds) needed to write all required memory pages to the corresponding checkpoint image files (measured by CRIU).
- pages_scanned: Number of memory pages scanned to determine if they need to be checkpointed (measured by CRIU).
- pages_written: Number of memory pages actually written to the checkpoint image files (measured by CRIU).
The default is false.
--tcp-established¶
Checkpoint a container with established TCP connections. If
the checkpoint image contains established TCP connections, this OPTION is
required during restore. Defaults to not checkpointing containers
with established TCP connections.
The default is false.
--with-previous¶
Check out the container with previous criu image files in
pre-dump. It only works on runc 1.0-rc3 or higher.
The default is false.
IMPORTANT: This OPTION is not available with
--pre-checkpoint.
This option requires that the option --pre-checkpoint has been used before on the same container. Without an existing pre-checkpoint, this option will fail.
Also see --pre-checkpoint for additional information about --pre-checkpoint availability on different systems.
EXAMPLES¶
Make a checkpoint for the container "mywebserver".
# podman container checkpoint mywebserver
Create a checkpoint image for the container "mywebserver".
# podman container checkpoint --create-image mywebserver-checkpoint-1 mywebserver
Dumps the container's memory information of the latest container into an archive.
# podman container checkpoint -P -e pre-checkpoint.tar.gz -l
Keep the container's memory information from an older dump and add the new container's memory information.
# podman container checkpoint --with-previous -e checkpoint.tar.gz -l
Dump the container's memory information of the latest container into an archive with the specified compress method.
# podman container checkpoint -l --compress=none --export=dump.tar # podman container checkpoint -l --compress=gzip --export=dump.tar.gz
SEE ALSO¶
HISTORY¶
September 2018, Originally compiled by Adrian Reber areber@redhat.com ⟨mailto:areber@redhat.com⟩