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.IX Title "STRINGS 1"
.\"*******************************************************************
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.TH STRINGS 1 "21 febbraio 2024" binutils\-2.42 "Strumenti di sviluppo GNU"
.if  n .ad l
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
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.SH NOME
strings \- stampa le stringhe dei caratteri stampabili nei file.
.SH SINTASSI
.IX Intestazione SINTASSI
strings [\fB\-afovV\fP] [\fB\-\fP\fImin\-len\fP]
        [\fB\-n\fP \fImin\-len\fP] [\fB\-\-bytes=\fP\fImin\-len\fP]
        [\fB\-t\fP \fIradix\fP] [\fB\-\-radix=\fP\fIradix\fP]
        [\fB\-e\fP \fIencoding\fP] [\fB\-\-encoding=\fP\fIencoding\fP]
        [\fB\-U\fP \fImethod\fP] [\fB\-\-unicode=\fP\fImethod\fP]
        [\fB\-\fP] [\fB\-\-all\fP] [\fB\-\-print\-file\-name\fP]
        [\fB\-T\fP \fIbfdname\fP] [\fB\-\-target=\fP\fIbfdname\fP]
        [\fB\-w\fP] [\fB\-\-include\-all\-whitespace\fP]
        [\fB\-s\fP] [\fB\-\-output\-separator\fP \fIsep_string\fP]
        [\fB\-\-help\fP] [\fB\-\-version\fP] \fIfile\fP...
.SH DESCRIZIONE
.IX Intestazione DESCRIZIONE
For each \fIfile\fP given, GNU \fBstrings\fP prints the printable character
sequences that are at least 4 characters long (or the number given with the
options below) and are followed by an unprintable character.
.PP
Depending upon how the strings program was configured it will default to
either displaying all the printable sequences that it can find in each file,
or only those sequences that are in loadable, initialized data sections.  If
the file type is unrecognizable, or if strings is reading from stdin then it
will always display all of the printable sequences that it can find.
.PP
For backwards compatibility any file that occurs after a command\-line option
of just \fB\-\fP will also be scanned in full, regardless of the presence of any
\fB\-d\fP option.
.PP
\&\fBstrings\fP is mainly useful for determining the contents of non\-text
files.
.SH OPZIONI
.IX Intestazione OPZIONI
.IP \fB\-a\fP 4
.IX Item \-a
.PD 0
.IP \fB\-\-all\fP 4
.IX Item \-\-all
.IP \fB\-\fP 4
.IX Item \-
.PD
Scan the whole file, regardless of what sections it contains or whether
those sections are loaded or initialized.  Normally this is the default
behaviour, but strings can be configured so that the \&\fB\-d\fP is the default
instead.
.Sp
The \fB\-\fP option is position dependent and forces strings to perform full
scans of any file that is mentioned after the \fB\-\fP on the command line, even
if the \fB\-d\fP option has been specified.
.IP \fB\-d\fP 4
.IX Item \-d
.PD 0
.IP \fB\-\-data\fP 4
.IX Item \-\-data
.PD
Only print strings from initialized, loaded data sections in the file.  This
may reduce the amount of garbage in the output, but it also exposes the
strings program to any security flaws that may be present in the BFD library
used to scan and load sections.  Strings can be configured so that this
option is the default behaviour.  In such cases the \fB\-a\fP option can be used
to avoid using the BFD library and instead just print all of the strings
found in the file.
.IP \fB\-f\fP 4
.IX Item \-f
.PD 0
.IP \fB\-\-print\-file\-name\fP 4
.IX Item \-\-print\-file\-name
.PD
Stampa il nome del file prima di ciascuna stringa.
.IP \fB\-\-help\fP 4
.IX Item \-\-help
Stampa un riassunto dell'uso del programma sullo standard output ed esce.
.IP \fB\-\fP\fImin\-len\fP 4
.IX Item \-min\-len
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\-n\fP \fImin\-len\fP" 4
.IX Item "\-n min\-len"
.IP \fB\-\-bytes=\fP\fImin\-len\fP 4
.IX Item \-\-bytes=min\-len
.PD
Print sequences of displayable characters that are at least \&\fImin\-len\fP
characters long.  If not specified a default minimum length of 4 is used.
The distinction between displayable and non\-displayable characters depends
upon the setting of the \&\fB\-e\fP and \fB\-U\fP options.  Sequences are always
terminated at control characters such as new\-line and carriage\-return, but
not the tab character.
.IP \fB\-o\fP 4
.IX Item \-o
Come \fB\-t o\fP. Alcune altre versioni di \fBstrings\fP hanno \fB\-o\fP che agisce
invece come \fB\-t d\fP. Poiché non si può essere compatibili con entrambe le
modalità, se ne scelga solamente una.
.IP "\fB\-t\fP \fIradix\fP" 4
.IX Item "\-t radix"
.PD 0
.IP \fB\-\-radix=\fP\fIradix\fP 4
.IX Item \-\-radix=radix
.PD
Stampa l'offset all'interno del file prima di ciascuna stringa. L'argomento
di un solo carattere specifica la base dell'offset\-\-\-\fBo\fP per ottale, \fBx\fP
per esadecimale, o \fBd\fP per decimale.
.IP "\fB\-e\fP \fIencoding\fP" 4
.IX Item "\-e encoding"
.PD 0
.IP \fB\-\-encoding=\fP\fIencoding\fP 4
.IX Item \-\-encoding=encoding
.PD
Select the character encoding of the strings that are to be found.  Possible
values for \fIencoding\fP are: \fBs\fP = single\-7\-bit\-byte characters (default),
\fBS\fP = single\-8\-bit\-byte characters, \fBb\fP = 16\-bit bigendian, \fBl\fP = 16\-bit
littleendian, \fBB\fP = 32\-bit bigendian, \fBL\fP = 32\-bit littleendian.  Useful
for finding wide character strings. (\fBl\fP and \fBb\fP apply to, for example,
Unicode UTF\-16/UCS\-2 encodings).
.IP "\fB\-U\fP \fI[d|i|l|e|x|h]\fP" 4
.IX Item "\-U [d|i|l|e|x|h]"
.PD 0
.IP \fB\-\-unicode=\fP\fI[default|invalid|locale|escape|hex|highlight]\fP 4
.IX Item \-\-unicode=[default|invalid|locale|escape|hex|highlight]
.PD
Controls the display of UTF\-8 encoded multibyte characters in strings.  The
default (\fB\-\-unicode=default\fP) is to give them no special treatment, and
instead rely upon the setting of the \&\fB\-\-encoding\fP option.  The other
values for this option automatically enable \fB\-\-encoding=S\fP.
.Sp
The \fB\-\-unicode=invalid\fP option treats them as non\-graphic characters and
hence not part of a valid string.  All the remaining options treat them as
valid string characters.
.Sp
The \fB\-\-unicode=locale\fP option displays them in the current locale, which
may or may not support UTF\-8 encoding.  The \&\fB\-\-unicode=hex\fP option
displays them as hex byte sequences enclosed between \fI<>\fP
characters.  The \fB\-\-unicode=escape\fP option displays them as escape
sequences (\fI\euxxxx\fP) and the \&\fB\-\-unicode=highlight\fP option displays them
as escape sequences highlighted in red (if supported by the output device).
The colouring is intended to draw attention to the presence of unicode
sequences where they might not be expected.
.IP "\fB\-T\fP \fIbfdname\fP" 4
.IX Item "\-T bfdname"
.PD 0
.IP \fB\-\-target=\fP\fIbfdname\fP 4
.IX Item \-\-target=bfdname
.PD
Specifica un formato di codice oggetto diverso dal formato predefinito del
sistema in uso.
.IP \fB\-v\fP 4
.IX Item \-v
.PD 0
.IP \fB\-V\fP 4
.IX Item \-V
.IP \fB\-\-version\fP 4
.IX Item \-\-version
.PD
Stampa il numero di versione del programma sullo standard output ed esce.
.IP \fB\-w\fP 4
.IX Item \-w
.PD 0
.IP \fB\-\-include\-all\-whitespace\fP 4
.IX Item \-\-include\-all\-whitespace
.PD
By default tab and space characters are included in the strings that are
displayed, but other whitespace characters, such a newlines and carriage
returns, are not.  The \fB\-w\fP option changes this so that all whitespace
characters are considered to be part of a string.
.IP \fB\-s\fP 4
.IX Item \-s
.PD 0
.IP \fB\-\-output\-separator\fP 4
.IX Item \-\-output\-separator
.PD
By default, output strings are delimited by a new\-line. This option allows
you to supply any string to be used as the output record separator.  Useful
with \-\-include\-all\-whitespace where strings may contain new\-lines
internally.
.IP \fB@\fP\fIfile\fP 4
.IX Item @file
Legge le opzioni da riga di comando da \fIfile\fP. Le opzioni lette sono
inserite al posto dell'opzione originale @\fIfile\fP. Se \fIfile\fP non esiste o
non può essere letto, l'opzione sarà trattata letteralmente, e non rimossa.
.Sp
Le opzioni in \fIfile\fP sono separate da spazi vuoti. Si può includere uno
spazio vuoto in un'opzione racchiudendo l'intera opzione fra apici, singoli
o doppi. Può essere incluso qualsiasi carattere (compresa la barra inversa)
facendo precedere al carattere una barra inversa. Il \fIfile\fP può esso stesso
contenere ulteriori opzioni @\fIfile\fP; ciascuna di queste opzioni sarà
elaborata ricorsivamente.
.SH "VEDERE ANCHE"
.IX Intestazione "VEDERE ANCHE"
\&\fBar\fP\|(1), \fBnm\fP\|(1), \fBobjdump\fP\|(1), \fBranlib\fP\|(1), \fBreadelf\fP\|(1) e
i campi Info per \fIbinutils\fP.
.SH COPYRIGHT
.IX Intestazione COPYRIGHT
Copyright (c) 1991\-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
.PP
È permesso copiare, distribuire e/o modificare questo documento nei termini
della \*(lqLicenza per documentazione libera GNU\*(rq (GNU Free Documentation
License), versione 1.3  o ogni versione successiva pubblicata dalla Free
Software Foundation;  senza sezioni non modificabili, senza testi di prima
di copertina e di quarta di copertina.  Una copia della licenza è inclusa
nella sezione intitolata \*(lqLicenza per la documentazione libera GNU" (GNU
Free Documentation License).
.PP
.SH TRADUZIONE
La traduzione italiana di questa pagina di manuale è stata creata da
Giulio Daprelà <giulio@pluto.it>
e
Marco Curreli <marcocurreli@tiscali.it>
.
.PP
Questa traduzione è documentazione libera; leggere la
.UR https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
GNU General Public License Versione 3
.UE
o successiva per le condizioni di
copyright.
Non ci assumiamo alcuna responsabilità.
.PP
Per segnalare errori nella traduzione di questa pagina di
manuale inviare un messaggio a
.MT pluto-ildp@lists.pluto.it
.ME .