.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 4.14 (Pod::Simple 3.43) .\" .\" Standard preamble: .\" ======================================================================== .de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) .if t .sp .5v .if n .sp .. .de Vb \" Begin verbatim text .ft CW .nf .ne \\$1 .. .de Ve \" End verbatim text .ft R .fi .. .\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will .\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left .\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will .\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and .\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, .\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. .tr \(*W- .ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' .ie n \{\ . ds -- \(*W- . ds PI pi . if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch . if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch . ds L" "" . ds R" "" . ds C` "" . ds C' "" 'br\} .el\{\ . ds -- \|\(em\| . ds PI \(*p . ds L" `` . ds R" '' . ds C` . ds C' 'br\} .\" .\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. .ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq .el .ds Aq ' .\" .\" If the F register is >0, we'll generate index entries on stderr for .\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index .\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the .\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. .\" .\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. .de IX .. .nr rF 0 .if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 .if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{\ . if \nF \{\ . de IX . tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" .. . if !\nF==2 \{\ . nr % 0 . nr F 2 . \} . \} .\} .rr rF .\" ======================================================================== .\" .IX Title "HTTP::Headers::Util 3pm" .TH HTTP::Headers::Util 3pm "2023-10-29" "perl v5.36.0" "User Contributed Perl Documentation" .\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes .\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. .if n .ad l .nh .SH "NAME" HTTP::Headers::Util \- Header value parsing utility functions .SH "VERSION" .IX Header "VERSION" version 6.45 .SH "SYNOPSIS" .IX Header "SYNOPSIS" .Vb 2 \& use HTTP::Headers::Util qw(split_header_words); \& @values = split_header_words($h\->header("Content\-Type")); .Ve .SH "DESCRIPTION" .IX Header "DESCRIPTION" This module provides a few functions that helps parsing and construction of valid \s-1HTTP\s0 header values. None of the functions are exported by default. .PP The following functions are available: .ie n .IP "split_header_words( @header_values )" 4 .el .IP "split_header_words( \f(CW@header_values\fR )" 4 .IX Item "split_header_words( @header_values )" This function will parse the header values given as argument into a list of anonymous arrays containing key/value pairs. The function knows how to deal with \*(L",\*(R", \*(L";\*(R" and \*(L"=\*(R" as well as quoted values after \&\*(L"=\*(R". A list of space separated tokens are parsed as if they were separated by \*(L";\*(R". .Sp If the \f(CW@header_values\fR passed as argument contains multiple values, then they are treated as if they were a single value separated by comma \*(L",\*(R". .Sp This means that this function is useful for parsing header fields that follow this syntax (\s-1BNF\s0 as from the \s-1HTTP/1.1\s0 specification, but we relax the requirement for tokens). .Sp .Vb 2 \& headers = #header \& header = (token | parameter) *( [";"] (token | parameter)) \& \& token = 1* \& separators = "(" | ")" | "<" | ">" | "@" \& | "," | ";" | ":" | "\e" | <"> \& | "/" | "[" | "]" | "?" | "=" \& | "{" | "}" | SP | HT \& \& quoted\-string = ( <"> *(qdtext | quoted\-pair ) <"> ) \& qdtext = > \& quoted\-pair = "\e" CHAR \& \& parameter = attribute "=" value \& attribute = token \& value = token | quoted\-string .Ve .Sp Each \fIheader\fR is represented by an anonymous array of key/value pairs. The keys will be all be forced to lower case. The value for a simple token (not part of a parameter) is \f(CW\*(C`undef\*(C'\fR. Syntactically incorrect headers will not necessarily be parsed as you would want. .Sp This is easier to describe with some examples: .Sp .Vb 3 \& split_header_words(\*(Aqfoo="bar"; port="80,81"; DISCARD, BAR=baz\*(Aq); \& split_header_words(\*(Aqtext/html; charset="iso\-8859\-1"\*(Aq); \& split_header_words(\*(AqBasic realm="\e\e"foo\e\e\e\ebar\e\e""\*(Aq); .Ve .Sp will return .Sp .Vb 3 \& [foo=>\*(Aqbar\*(Aq, port=>\*(Aq80,81\*(Aq, discard=> undef], [bar=>\*(Aqbaz\*(Aq ] \& [\*(Aqtext/html\*(Aq => undef, charset => \*(Aqiso\-8859\-1\*(Aq] \& [basic => undef, realm => "\e"foo\e\ebar\e""] .Ve .Sp If you don't want the function to convert tokens and attribute keys to lower case you can call it as \f(CW\*(C`_split_header_words\*(C'\fR instead (with a leading underscore). .ie n .IP "join_header_words( @arrays )" 4 .el .IP "join_header_words( \f(CW@arrays\fR )" 4 .IX Item "join_header_words( @arrays )" This will do the opposite of the conversion done by \fBsplit_header_words()\fR. It takes a list of anonymous arrays as arguments (or a list of key/value pairs) and produces a single header value. Attribute values are quoted if needed. .Sp Example: .Sp .Vb 2 \& join_header_words(["text/plain" => undef, charset => "iso\-8859/1"]); \& join_header_words("text/plain" => undef, charset => "iso\-8859/1"); .Ve .Sp will both return the string: .Sp .Vb 1 \& text/plain; charset="iso\-8859/1" .Ve .SH "AUTHOR" .IX Header "AUTHOR" Gisle Aas .SH "COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE" .IX Header "COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE" This software is copyright (c) 1994 by Gisle Aas. .PP This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.