'\" t
.\"     Title: chage
.\"    Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
.\"      Date: 2017-05-17
.\"    Manual: 用户命令
.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.4
.\"  Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
.TH "CHAGE" "1" "2017-05-17" "shadow\-utils 4\&.4" "用户命令"
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.SH "名称"
chage \- 更改用户密码过期信息
.SH "大纲"
.HP \w'\fBchage\fR\ 'u
\fBchage\fR [\fI选项\fR] \fI登录\fR
.SH "描述"
.PP
The
\fBchage\fR
command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change\&. This information is used by the system to determine when a user must change his/her password\&.
.SH "选项"
.PP
\fBchage\fR
命令可以接受的选项有：
.PP
\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\ \&\fILAST_DAY\fR
.RS 4
Set the number of days since January 1st, 1970 when the password was last changed\&. The date may also be expressed in the format YYYY\-MM\-DD (or the format more commonly used in your area)\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR
.RS 4
Set the date or number of days since January 1, 1970 on which the user\*(Aqs account will no longer be accessible\&. The date may also be expressed in the format YYYY\-MM\-DD (or the format more commonly used in your area)\&. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again\&.
.sp
\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR
设置为
\fI\-1\fR
会移除账户的过期日期。
.RE
.PP
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
.RS 4
现实帮助信息并退出。
.RE
.PP
\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR
.RS 4
Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked\&. The
\fIINACTIVE\fR
option is the number of days of inactivity\&. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again\&.
.sp
\fIINACTIVE\fR
设置为
\fI\-1\fR
会移除账户禁用功能。
.RE
.PP
\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-list\fR
.RS 4
现实账户年龄信息。
.RE
.PP
\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAYS\fR
.RS 4
在密码更改之间的最小天数设置为
\fIMIN_DAYS\fR。此字段中的 0 值表示用户可以在任何时间更改其密码。
.RE
.PP
\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAYS\fR
.RS 4
Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid\&. When
\fIMAX_DAYS\fR
plus
\fILAST_DAY\fR
is less than the current day, the user will be required to change his/her password before being able to use his/her account\&. This occurrence can be planned for in advance by use of the
\fB\-W\fR
option, which provides the user with advance warning\&.
.sp
\fIMAX_DAYS\fR
设置为
\fI\-1\fR
会移除密码有效性检查。
.RE
.PP
\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
.RS 4
Apply changes in the
\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
directory and use the configuration files from the
\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
directory\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_DAYS\fR
.RS 4
Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The
\fIWARN_DAYS\fR
option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned his/her password is about to expire\&.
.RE
.PP
如果没有选择任何选项，\fBchage\fR
会进入交互模式，以所有字段的当前值提示用户。输入一个新值可以更改这些字段，或者留空使用当前值。当前值出现在
\fI[ ]\fR
标记对里。
.SH "注意"
.PP
\fBchage\fR
需要有一个影子密码文件才可用。
.PP
只有 root 才可以使用
\fBchage\fR，一个特殊情况是
\fB\-l\fR
选项，用来让非特权用户觉得自己的密码或账户何时过期。
.SH "配置文件"
.PP
在
/etc/login\&.defs
中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为：
.SH "文件"
.PP
/etc/passwd
.RS 4
用户账户信息。
.RE
.PP
/etc/shadow
.RS 4
安全用户账户信息。
.RE
.SH "退出值"
.PP
\fBchage\fR
命令有如下退出值：
.PP
\fI0\fR
.RS 4
成功
.RE
.PP
\fI1\fR
.RS 4
权限不够
.RE
.PP
\fI2\fR
.RS 4
无效的命令语法
.RE
.PP
\fI15\fR
.RS 4
无法找到影子密码文件
.RE
.SH "参见"
.PP
\fBpasswd\fR(5),
\fBshadow\fR(5)\&.