'\"
'\" Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
'\" Copyright (c) 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
'\" Copyright (c) 1999 Scriptics Corporation
'\"
'\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
'\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
'\" 
'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: lsort.n,v 1.2 2003/11/24 05:09:59 bbbush Exp $
'\" 
'\" The definitions below are for supplemental macros used in Tcl/Tk
'\" manual entries.
'\"
'\" .AP type name in/out ?indent?
'\"	Start paragraph describing an argument to a library procedure.
'\"	type is type of argument (int, etc.), in/out is either "in", "out",
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'\"	Begin an indented unfilled display.
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'\"	Start of list of standard options for a Tk widget.  The
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'\"	by tabs.
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'\" .SE
'\"	End of list of standard options for a Tk widget.
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'\" .OP cmdName dbName dbClass
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'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: lsort.n,v 1.2 2003/11/24 05:09:59 bbbush Exp $
'\"
'\"	# Set up traps and other miscellaneous stuff for Tcl/Tk man pages.
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See the \\fBoptions\\fR manual entry for details on the standard options.
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..
.TH lsort 3tcl 8.3 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands"
.BS
'\" Note:  do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
.SH NAME
lsort \- 給一個列表的元素排序  
.SH "總覽 SYNOPSIS"
\fBlsort \fR?\fIoptions\fR? \fIlist\fR
.BE

.SH "描述 DESCRIPTION"
.PP
這個命令給 \fIlist \fR的元素排序，返回按整理後的次序(排列)的一個新列表。\fBlsort\fR    命令的實現使用了歸併排序算法，這個算法有 O(n log   n) 性能特徵的一個穩定的排序算法。
.PP
缺省的使用 ASCII   排序，並按升序返回結果。但是，可以在 \fIlist\fR    的前面指定任何下列參數來控制排序處理(接受唯一性的縮寫):  
.TP 20
\fB\-ascii\fR
字符串比較使用 ASCII (作爲)整理(collation)次序。這是缺省的。 
.TP 20
\fB\-dictionary\fR
使用字典式樣的比較。除了下列兩點之外它同於 \fB-ascii\fR。(a)   除了作爲一個 tie-breaker 之外忽略大寫，(b)   如果字符串包含嵌入的數字，數字作爲整數來比較而不是字符。例如，在 \fB-dictionary\fR    模式下，\fBbigBoy\fR   排序在 \fBbigbang\fR 和 \fBbigboy \fR之間，而 \fBx10y\fR    排序在 \fBx9y\fR 和 \fBx11y \fR之間。  
.TP 20
\fB\-integer\fR
把列表元素轉換成整數並使用整數比較。 
.TP 20
\fB\-real\fR
把列表元素轉換成浮點值並使用浮點比較。  
.TP 20
\fB\-command\0\fIcommand\fR
使用 \fIcommand\fR    作爲一個比較命令。想比較兩個元素，要求由 \fIcommand\fR   構成的一個 Tcl 腳本的值，並加上兩個元素作爲(向這個過程)附加的參數。如果第一個參數被認定爲小於、等於、或大於第二個參數，這個腳本應該分別返回小於、等於、或大於零的一個整數。  
.TP 20
\fB\-increasing\fR
按升序整理這個列表(“最小” 的項目在最先)。這是缺省的。 
.TP 20
\fB\-decreasing\fR
按降序整理這個列表(“最大” 的項目在最先)。  
.TP 20
\fB\-index\0\fIindex\fR
如果指定了這個選項，\fIlist\fR   的每個元素自身必須是一個正確的 Tcl 子列表。不是基於整個子列表來排序，\fBlsort\fR   將從每個子列表中提取第 \fIindex \fR個元素並基於這個給定的元素來排序。\fIindex\fR   允許使用關鍵字 \fBend\fR   來在子列表的最後的元素上排序,
.VS 8.3.4
而 \fBend-\fIindex\fR sorts on a sublist element offset from the end
.VE
。例如，  
.RS
.CS
lsort -integer -index 1 {{First 24} {Second 18} {Third 30}}
.CE
返回 \fB{Second 18} {First 24} {Third 30}\fR, 並且
.VS 8.3.4
'\"
'\" This example is from the test suite!
'\"
.CS
lsort -index end-1 {{a 1 e i} {b 2 3 f g} {c 4 5 6 d h}}
.CE
返回 \fB{c 4 5 6 d h} {a 1 e i} {b 2 3 f g}\fR.
.VE
這個選項比使用 \fB\-command\fR    來完成同樣的功能要更加高效。  
.RE
.TP 20
\fB\-unique\fR
如果指定了這個選項，則保留在這個列表中找到的重複的(duplicate)元素的最後一組。注意重複是相對於在排序中使用的比較來決定的。所以如果使用了    \fI\-index 0\fR ，\fB{1 a}\fR 和 \fB{1 b}\fR   將被認爲是重複的並只保留第二個元素 \fB{1 b}\fR。  


.SH "注意 NOTES"
.PP
The options to \fBlsort\fR only control what sort of comparison is
used, and do not necessarily constrain what the values themselves
actually are.  This distinction is only noticeable when the list to be
sorted has fewer than two elements.
.PP
The \fBlsort\fR command is reentrant, meaning it is safe to use as
part of the implementation of a command used in the \fB\-command\fR
option.

.SH "範例 EXAMPLES"

.PP
Sorting a list using ASCII sorting:
.CS
% lsort {a10 B2 b1 a1 a2}
B2 a1 a10 a2 b1
.CE

.PP
Sorting a list using Dictionary sorting:
.CS
% lsort -dictionary {a10 B2 b1 a1 a2}
a1 a2 a10 b1 B2
.CE

.PP
Sorting lists of integers:
.CS
% lsort -integer {5 3 1 2 11 4}
1 2 3 4 5 11
% lsort -integer {1 2 0x5 7 0 4 -1}
-1 0 1 2 4 0x5 7
.CE

.PP
Sorting lists of floating-point numbers:
.CS
% lsort -real {5 3 1 2 11 4}
1 2 3 4 5 11
% lsort -real {.5 0.07e1 0.4 6e-1}
0.4 .5 6e-1 0.07e1
.CE

.PP
Sorting using indices:
.CS
% # Note the space character before the c
% lsort {{a 5} { c 3} {b 4} {e 1} {d 2}}
{ c 3} {a 5} {b 4} {d 2} {e 1}
% lsort -index 0 {{a 5} { c 3} {b 4} {e 1} {d 2}}
{a 5} {b 4} { c 3} {d 2} {e 1}
% lsort -index 1 {{a 5} { c 3} {b 4} {e 1} {d 2}}
{e 1} {d 2} { c 3} {b 4} {a 5}
.CE

.PP
Stripping duplicate values using sorting:
.CS
% lsort -unique {a b c a b c a b c}
a b c
.CE

.PP
More complex sorting using a comparison function:
.CS
% proc compare {a b} {
    set a0 [lindex $a 0]
    set b0 [lindex $b 0]
    if {$a0 < $b0} {
        return -1
    } elseif {$a0 > $b0} {
        return 1
    }
    return [string compare [lindex $a 1] [lindex $b 1]]
}
% lsort -command compare \\
        {{3 apple} {0x2 carrot} {1 dingo} {2 banana}}
{1 dingo} {2 banana} {0x2 carrot} {3 apple}
.CE

.SH "參見 SEE ALSO"
lappend(n), lindex(n), linsert(n), list(n), llength(n), lrange(n),
lreplace(n), lsearch(n)

.SH "關鍵字 KEYWORDS"
element, list, order, sort

.SH "[中文版維護人]"
.B 寒蟬退士
.SH "[中文版最新更新]"
.B 2001/09/06  
.SH "《中國 Linux 論壇 man 手冊頁翻譯計劃》:"
.BI http://cmpp.linuxforum.net
.SH "跋"
.br
本頁面中文版由中文 man 手冊頁計劃提供。
.br
中文 man 手冊頁計劃：\fBhttps://github.com/man-pages-zh/manpages-zh\fR