.\" Copyright (c) 2008 Linux Foundation, written by Michael Kerrisk .\" .\" .\" %%%LICENSE_START(VERBATIM) .\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this .\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are .\" preserved on all copies. .\" .\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this .\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the .\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a .\" permission notice identical to this one. .\" .\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this .\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no .\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from .\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not .\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual, .\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working .\" professionally. .\" .\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by .\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work. .\" %%%LICENSE_END .\" .TH PTHREAD_ATTR_INIT 3 2016-12-12 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual" .SH NAME pthread_attr_init, pthread_attr_destroy \- initialize and destroy thread attributes object .SH SYNOPSIS .nf .B #include .BI "int pthread_attr_init(pthread_attr_t *" attr ); .BI "int pthread_attr_destroy(pthread_attr_t *" attr ); .sp Compile and link with \fI\-pthread\fP. .fi .SH DESCRIPTION The .BR pthread_attr_init () function initializes the thread attributes object pointed to by .IR attr with default attribute values. After this call, individual attributes of the object can be set using various related functions (listed under SEE ALSO), and then the object can be used in one or more .BR pthread_create (3) calls that create threads. Calling .BR pthread_attr_init () on a thread attributes object that has already been initialized results in undefined behavior. When a thread attributes object is no longer required, it should be destroyed using the .BR pthread_attr_destroy () function. Destroying a thread attributes object has no effect on threads that were created using that object. Once a thread attributes object has been destroyed, it can be reinitialized using .BR pthread_attr_init (). Any other use of a destroyed thread attributes object has undefined results. .SH RETURN VALUE On success, these functions return 0; on error, they return a nonzero error number. .SH ERRORS POSIX.1 documents an .B ENOMEM error for .BR pthread_attr_init (); on Linux these functions always succeed (but portable and future-proof applications should nevertheless handle a possible error return). .SH ATTRIBUTES For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see .BR attributes (7). .ad l .TS allbox; lbw22 lb lb l l l. Interface Attribute Value T{ .BR pthread_attr_init (), .BR pthread_attr_destroy () T} Thread safety MT-Safe .TE .ad .SH CONFORMING TO POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008. .SH NOTES The .I pthread_attr_t type should be treated as opaque: any access to the object other than via pthreads functions is nonportable and produces undefined results. .SH EXAMPLE The program below optionally makes use of .BR pthread_attr_init () and various related functions to initialize a thread attributes object that is used to create a single thread. Once created, the thread uses the .BR pthread_getattr_np (3) function (a nonstandard GNU extension) to retrieve the thread's attributes, and then displays those attributes. If the program is run with no command-line argument, then it passes NULL as the .I attr argument of .BR pthread_create (3), so that the thread is created with default attributes. Running the program on Linux/x86-32 with the NPTL threading implementation, we see the following: .in +4n .nf .\" Results from glibc 2.8, SUSE 11.0; Oct 2008 .RB "$" " ulimit \-s" " # No stack limit ==> default stack size is 2MB" unlimited .RB "$" " ./a.out" Thread attributes: Detach state = PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE Scope = PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM Inherit scheduler = PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED Scheduling policy = SCHED_OTHER Scheduling priority = 0 Guard size = 4096 bytes Stack address = 0x40196000 Stack size = 0x201000 bytes .fi .in When we supply a stack size as a command-line argument, the program initializes a thread attributes object, sets various attributes in that object, and passes a pointer to the object in the call to .BR pthread_create (3). Running the program on Linux/x86-32 with the NPTL threading implementation, we see the following: .in +4n .nf .\" Results from glibc 2.8, SUSE 11.0; Oct 2008 .RB "$" " ./a.out 0x3000000" posix_memalign() allocated at 0x40197000 Thread attributes: Detach state = PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED Scope = PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM Inherit scheduler = PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED Scheduling policy = SCHED_OTHER Scheduling priority = 0 Guard size = 0 bytes Stack address = 0x40197000 Stack size = 0x3000000 bytes .fi .in .SS Program source \& .nf #define _GNU_SOURCE /* To get pthread_getattr_np() declaration */ #include #include #include #include #include #define handle_error_en(en, msg) \\ do { errno = en; perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while (0) static void display_pthread_attr(pthread_attr_t *attr, char *prefix) { int s, i; size_t v; void *stkaddr; struct sched_param sp; s = pthread_attr_getdetachstate(attr, &i); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getdetachstate"); printf("%sDetach state = %s\\n", prefix, (i == PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED) ? "PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED" : (i == PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE) ? "PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE" : "???"); s = pthread_attr_getscope(attr, &i); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getscope"); printf("%sScope = %s\\n", prefix, (i == PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM) ? "PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM" : (i == PTHREAD_SCOPE_PROCESS) ? "PTHREAD_SCOPE_PROCESS" : "???"); s = pthread_attr_getinheritsched(attr, &i); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getinheritsched"); printf("%sInherit scheduler = %s\\n", prefix, (i == PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED) ? "PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED" : (i == PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED) ? "PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED" : "???"); s = pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(attr, &i); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getschedpolicy"); printf("%sScheduling policy = %s\\n", prefix, (i == SCHED_OTHER) ? "SCHED_OTHER" : (i == SCHED_FIFO) ? "SCHED_FIFO" : (i == SCHED_RR) ? "SCHED_RR" : "???"); s = pthread_attr_getschedparam(attr, &sp); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getschedparam"); printf("%sScheduling priority = %d\\n", prefix, sp.sched_priority); s = pthread_attr_getguardsize(attr, &v); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getguardsize"); printf("%sGuard size = %d bytes\\n", prefix, v); s = pthread_attr_getstack(attr, &stkaddr, &v); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getstack"); printf("%sStack address = %p\\n", prefix, stkaddr); printf("%sStack size = 0x%zx bytes\\n", prefix, v); } static void * thread_start(void *arg) { int s; pthread_attr_t gattr; /* pthread_getattr_np() is a non\-standard GNU extension that retrieves the attributes of the thread specified in its first argument */ s = pthread_getattr_np(pthread_self(), &gattr); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "pthread_getattr_np"); printf("Thread attributes:\\n"); display_pthread_attr(&gattr, "\\t"); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); /* Terminate all threads */ } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { pthread_t thr; pthread_attr_t attr; pthread_attr_t *attrp; /* NULL or &attr */ int s; attrp = NULL; /* If a command\-line argument was supplied, use it to set the stack\-size attribute and set a few other thread attributes, and set attrp pointing to thread attributes object */ if (argc > 1) { int stack_size; void *sp; attrp = &attr; s = pthread_attr_init(&attr); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_init"); s = pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_setdetachstate"); s = pthread_attr_setinheritsched(&attr, PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_setinheritsched"); stack_size = strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 0); s = posix_memalign(&sp, sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE), stack_size); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "posix_memalign"); printf("posix_memalign() allocated at %p\\n", sp); s = pthread_attr_setstack(&attr, sp, stack_size); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_setstack"); } s = pthread_create(&thr, attrp, &thread_start, NULL); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "pthread_create"); if (attrp != NULL) { s = pthread_attr_destroy(attrp); if (s != 0) handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_destroy"); } pause(); /* Terminates when other thread calls exit() */ } .fi .SH SEE ALSO .ad l .nh .BR pthread_attr_setaffinity_np (3), .BR pthread_attr_setdetachstate (3), .BR pthread_attr_setguardsize (3), .BR pthread_attr_setinheritsched (3), .BR pthread_attr_setschedparam (3), .BR pthread_attr_setschedpolicy (3), .BR pthread_attr_setscope (3), .BR pthread_attr_setstack (3), .BR pthread_attr_setstackaddr (3), .BR pthread_attr_setstacksize (3), .BR pthread_create (3), .BR pthread_getattr_np (3), .BR pthread_setattr_default_np (3), .BR pthreads (7) .SH COLOPHON This page is part of release 4.10 of the Linux .I man-pages project. A description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest version of this page, can be found at \%https://www.kernel.org/doc/man\-pages/.