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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "Module::Load 3perl"
.TH Module::Load 3perl "2014-12-27" "perl v5.20.2" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
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.SH "NAME"
Module::Load \- runtime require of both modules and files
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
.Vb 1
\&  use Module::Load;
\&
\&  my $module = \*(AqData::Dumper\*(Aq;
\&
\&  load Data::Dumper;     # loads that module, but not import any functions
\&                         # \-> cannot use \*(AqDumper\*(Aq function
\&
\&  load \*(AqData::Dumper\*(Aq;   # ditto
\&  load $module           # tritto
\&
\&  autoload Data::Dumper; # loads that module and imports the default functions
\&                         # \-> can use \*(AqDumper\*(Aq function
\&
\&  my $script = \*(Aqsome/script.pl\*(Aq
\&  load $script;
\&  load \*(Aqsome/script.pl\*(Aq;  # use quotes because of punctuations
\&
\&  load thing;             # try \*(Aqthing\*(Aq first, then \*(Aqthing.pm\*(Aq
\&
\&  load CGI, \*(Aq:all\*(Aq;       # like \*(Aquse CGI qw[:standard]\*(Aq
.Ve
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
\&\f(CW\*(C`Module::Load\*(C'\fR eliminates the need to know whether you are trying
to require either a file or a module.
.PP
If you consult \f(CW\*(C`perldoc \-f require\*(C'\fR you will see that \f(CW\*(C`require\*(C'\fR will
behave differently when given a bareword or a string.
.PP
In the case of a string, \f(CW\*(C`require\*(C'\fR assumes you are wanting to load a
file. But in the case of a bareword, it assumes you mean a module.
.PP
This gives nasty overhead when you are trying to dynamically require
modules at runtime, since you will need to change the module notation
(\f(CW\*(C`Acme::Comment\*(C'\fR) to a file notation fitting the particular platform
you are on.
.PP
\&\f(CW\*(C`Module::Load\*(C'\fR eliminates the need for this overhead and will
just \s-1DWYM.\s0
.ie n .SS "Difference between ""load"" and ""autoload"""
.el .SS "Difference between \f(CWload\fP and \f(CWautoload\fP"
.IX Subsection "Difference between load and autoload"
\&\f(CW\*(C`Module::Load\*(C'\fR imports the two functions \- \f(CW\*(C`load\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`autoload\*(C'\fR
.PP
\&\f(CW\*(C`autoload\*(C'\fR imports the default functions automatically,
but \f(CW\*(C`load\*(C'\fR do not import any functions.
.PP
\&\f(CW\*(C`autoload\*(C'\fR is usable under \f(CW\*(C`BEGIN{};\*(C'\fR.
.PP
Both the functions can import the functions that are specified.
.PP
Following codes are same.
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  load File::Spec::Functions, qw/splitpath/;
\&
\&  autoload File::Spec::Functions, qw/splitpath/;
.Ve
.SH "FUNCTIONS"
.IX Header "FUNCTIONS"
.IP "load" 4
.IX Item "load"
Loads a specified module.
.Sp
See \*(L"Rules\*(R" for detailed loading rule.
.IP "autoload" 4
.IX Item "autoload"
Loads a specified module and imports the default functions.
.Sp
Except importing the functions, 'autoload' is same as 'load'.
.IP "load_remote" 4
.IX Item "load_remote"
Loads a specified module to the specified package.
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&  use Module::Load \*(Aqload_remote\*(Aq;
\&
\&  my $pkg = \*(AqOther::Package\*(Aq;
\&
\&  load_remote $pkg, \*(AqData::Dumper\*(Aq; # load a module to \*(AqOther::Package\*(Aq
\&                                    # but do not import \*(AqDumper\*(Aq function
.Ve
.Sp
A module for loading must be quoted.
.Sp
Except specifing the package and quoting module name,
\&'load_remote' is same as 'load'.
.IP "autoload_remote" 4
.IX Item "autoload_remote"
Loads a specified module and imports the default functions to the specified package.
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&  use Module::Load \*(Aqautoload_remote\*(Aq;
\&
\&  my $pkg = \*(AqOther::Package\*(Aq;
\&
\&  autoload_remote $pkg, \*(AqData::Dumper\*(Aq; # load a module to \*(AqOther::Package\*(Aq
\&                                        # and imports \*(AqDumper\*(Aq function
.Ve
.Sp
A module for loading must be quoted.
.Sp
Except specifing the package and quoting module name,
\&'autoload_remote' is same as 'load_remote'.
.SH "Rules"
.IX Header "Rules"
All functions have the following rules to decide what it thinks
you want:
.IP "\(bu" 4
If the argument has any characters in it other than those matching
\&\f(CW\*(C`\ew\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`:\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`\*(Aq\*(C'\fR, it must be a file
.IP "\(bu" 4
If the argument matches only \f(CW\*(C`[\ew:\*(Aq]\*(C'\fR, it must be a module
.IP "\(bu" 4
If the argument matches only \f(CW\*(C`\ew\*(C'\fR, it could either be a module or a
file. We will try to find \f(CW\*(C`file.pm\*(C'\fR first in \f(CW@INC\fR and if that
fails, we will try to find \f(CW\*(C`file\*(C'\fR in \f(CW@INC\fR.  If both fail, we die with
the respective error messages.
.SH "IMPORTS THE FUNCTIONS"
.IX Header "IMPORTS THE FUNCTIONS"
\&'load' and 'autoload' are imported by default, but 'load_remote' and
\&'autoload_remote' are not imported.
.PP
To use 'load_remote' or 'autoload_remote', specify at 'use'.
.ie n .IP """load"",""autoload"",""load_remote"",""autoload_remote""" 4
.el .IP "``load'',``autoload'',``load_remote'',``autoload_remote''" 4
.IX Item "load,autoload,load_remote,autoload_remote"
Imports the selected functions.
.Sp
.Vb 2
\&  # imports \*(Aqload\*(Aq and \*(Aqautoload\*(Aq (default)
\&  use Module::Load;
\&
\&  # imports \*(Aqautoload\*(Aq only
\&  use Module::Load \*(Aqautoload\*(Aq;
\&
\&  # imports \*(Aqautoload\*(Aq and \*(Aqautoload_remote\*(Aq, but don\*(Aqt import \*(Aqload\*(Aq;
\&  use Module::Load qw/autoload autoload_remote/;
.Ve
.IP "'all'" 4
.IX Item "'all'"
Imports all the functions.
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&  use Module::Load \*(Aqall\*(Aq; # imports load, autoload, load_remote, autoload_remote
.Ve
.IP "'','none',undef" 4
.IX Item "'','none',undef"
Not import any functions (\f(CW\*(C`load\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`autoload\*(C'\fR are not imported).
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&  use Module::Load \*(Aq\*(Aq;
\&
\&  use Module::Load \*(Aqnone\*(Aq;
\&
\&  use Module::Load undef;
.Ve
.SH "Caveats"
.IX Header "Caveats"
Because of a bug in perl (#19213), at least in version 5.6.1, we have
to hardcode the path separator for a require on Win32 to be \f(CW\*(C`/\*(C'\fR, like
on Unix rather than the Win32 \f(CW\*(C`\e\*(C'\fR. Otherwise perl will not read its
own \f(CW%INC\fR accurately double load files if they are required again, or
in the worst case, core dump.
.PP
\&\f(CW\*(C`Module::Load\*(C'\fR cannot do implicit imports, only explicit imports.
(in other words, you always have to specify explicitly what you wish
to import from a module, even if the functions are in that modules'
\&\f(CW@EXPORT\fR)
.SH "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS"
.IX Header "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS"
Thanks to Jonas B. Nielsen for making explicit imports work.
.SH "BUG REPORTS"
.IX Header "BUG REPORTS"
Please report bugs or other issues to <bug\-module\-load@rt.cpan.org<gt>.
.SH "AUTHOR"
.IX Header "AUTHOR"
This module by Jos Boumans <kane@cpan.org>.
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
This library is free software; you may redistribute and/or modify it
under the same terms as Perl itself.