NAME¶
Font::FreeType - read font files and render glyphs from Perl using FreeType2
SYNOPSIS¶
use Font::FreeType;
my $freetype = Font::FreeType->new;
my $face = $freetype->face('Vera.ttf');
$face->set_char_size(24, 24, 100, 100);
my $glyph = $face->glyph_from_char('A');
DESCRIPTION¶
This module allows Perl programs to conveniently read information from font
files. All the font access is done through the FreeType2 library, which
supports many formats. It can render images of characters with high-quality
hinting and antialiasing, extract metrics information, and extract the
outlines of characters in scalable formats like TrueType.
Warning: this module is currently in 'beta' stage. It'll be another release or
two before it stabilizes. The API may change in ways that break programs based
on it, but I don't think it will change much. Some of the values returned may
be wrong, or not scaled correctly. See the
TODO file to get a handle on
how far along this work is. Contributions welcome, particularly if you know
more than I do (which isn't much) about fonts and the FreeType2 library.
The Font::FreeType API is not intended to replicate the C API of the FreeType
library -- it offers a much more Perl-friendly interface.
The quickest way to get started with this library is to look at the examples in
the
examples directory of the distribution. Full details of the API are
contained in this documentation, and (more importantly) the documentation for
the Font::FreeType::Face and Font::FreeType::Glyph classes.
To use the library, first create a Font::FreeType object. This can be used to
load
faces from files, for example:
my $freetype = Font::FreeType->new;
my $face = $freetype->face('Vera.ttf');
If your font is scalable (i.e., not a bitmapped font) then set the size and
resolution you want to see it at, for example 24pt at 100dpi:
$face->set_char_size(24, 24, 100, 100);
Then load a particular glyph (an image of a character), either by character code
(in Unicode) or the actual character:
my $glyph = $face->glyph_from_char_code(65);
my $glyph = $face->glyph_from_char('A');
Glyphs can be rendered to bitmap images, among other things:
my $bitmap = $glyph->bitmap;
See the documentation for Font::FreeType::Glyph for details of the format of the
bitmap array reference that returns, and for other ways to get information
about a glyph.
METHODS¶
Unless otherwise stated, all methods will die if there is an error.
- new()
- Create a new 'instance' of the freetype library and return the object.
This is a class method, which doesn't take any arguments. If you only want
to load one face, then it's probably not even worth saving the object to a
variable:
my $face = Font::FreeType->new->face('Vera.ttf');
- face(filename, %options)
- Return a Font::FreeType::Face object representing a font face from the
specified file.
The "index" option specifies which face to load from the file. It
defaults to 0, and since most fonts only contain one face it rarely needs
to be provided.
The "load_flags" option takes various flags which alter the way
glyphs are loaded. The default is usually OK for rendering fonts to bitmap
images. When extracting outlines from fonts, be sure to set the
FT_LOAD_NO_HINTING flag.
The following load flags are available. They can be combined with the
bitwise OR operator ("|"). The symbols are exported by the
module and so will be available once you do "use
Font::FreeType".
- FT_LOAD_DEFAULT
- The same as doing nothing special.
- FT_LOAD_CROP_BITMAP
- Remove extraneous black bits round the edges of bitmaps when loading
embedded bitmaps.
- FT_LOAD_FORCE_AUTOHINT
- Use FreeType's own automatic hinting algorithm rather than the normal
TrueType one. Probably only useful for testing the FreeType library.
- FT_LOAD_IGNORE_GLOBAL_ADVANCE_WIDTH
- Probably only useful for loading fonts with wrong metrics.
- FT_LOAD_IGNORE_TRANSFORM
- Don't transform glyphs. This module doesn't yet have support for
transformations.
- FT_LOAD_LINEAR_DESIGN
- Don't scale the metrics.
- FT_LOAD_NO_AUTOHINT
- Don't use the FreeType autohinting algorithm. Hinting with other
algorithms (such as the TrueType one) will still be done if possible.
Apparently some fonts look worse with the autohinter than without any
hinting.
This option is only available with FreeType 2.1.3 or newer.
- FT_LOAD_NO_BITMAP
- Don't load embedded bitmaps provided with scalable fonts. Bitmap fonts are
still loaded normally. This probably doesn't make much difference in the
current version of this module, as embedded bitmaps aren't deliberately
used.
- FT_LOAD_NO_HINTING
- Prevents the coordinates of the outline from being adjusted ('grid
fitted') to the current size. Hinting should be turned on when rendering
bitmap images of glyphs, and off when extracting the outline information
if you don't know at what resolution it will be rendered. For example,
when converting glyphs to PostScript or PDF, use this to turn the hinting
off.
- FT_LOAD_NO_SCALE
- Don't scale the font's outline or metrics to the right size. This will
currently generate bad numbers. To be fixed in a later version.
- FT_LOAD_PEDANTIC
- Raise errors when a font file is broken, rather than trying to work around
it.
- FT_LOAD_VERTICAL_LAYOUT
- Return metrics and glyphs suitable for vertical layout. This module
doesn't yet provide any intentional support for vertical layout, so this
probably won't be much use.
- version()
- Returns the version number of the underlying FreeType library being used.
If called in scalar context returns a string containing three numbers in
the format "major.minor.patch". In list context returns the
three numbers as separate values.
SEE ALSO¶
Font::FreeType::Face, Font::FreeType::Glyph
AUTHOR¶
Geoff Richards <qef@laxan.com>
COPYRIGHT¶
Copyright 2004, Geoff Richards.
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as Perl itself.