NAME¶
DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE - Sybase ASE SQL Server support for
DBIx::Class
SYNOPSIS¶
This subclass supports DBD::Sybase for real (non-Microsoft) Sybase databases.
DESCRIPTION¶
If your version of Sybase does not support placeholders, then your storage will
be reblessed to DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE::NoBindVars. You can
also enable that driver explicitly, see the documentation for more details.
With this driver there is unfortunately no way to get the
"last_insert_id" without doing a "SELECT MAX(col)". This
is done safely in a transaction (locking the table.) See "INSERTS WITH
PLACEHOLDERS".
A recommended connect_info setting:
on_connect_call => [['datetime_setup'], ['blob_setup', log_on_update => 0]]
METHODS¶
connect_call_blob_setup¶
Used as:
on_connect_call => [ [ 'blob_setup', log_on_update => 0 ] ]
Does "$dbh->{syb_binary_images} = 1;" to return "IMAGE"
data as raw binary instead of as a hex string.
Recommended.
Also sets the "log_on_update" value for blob write operations. The
default is 1, but 0 is better if your database is configured for it.
See "Handling IMAGE/TEXT data with
syb_ct_get_data()/
syb_ct_send_data()" in DBD::Sybase.
connect_call_datetime_setup¶
Used as:
on_connect_call => 'datetime_setup'
In connect_info to set:
$dbh->syb_date_fmt('ISO_strict'); # output fmt: 2004-08-21T14:36:48.080Z
$dbh->do('set dateformat mdy'); # input fmt: 08/13/1979 18:08:55.080
This works for both "DATETIME" and "SMALLDATETIME" columns,
note that "SMALLDATETIME" columns only have minute precision.
Schema::Loader Support¶
As of version 0.05000, DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader should work well with most
versions of Sybase ASE.
FreeTDS¶
This driver supports DBD::Sybase compiled against FreeTDS
(<
http://www.freetds.org/>) to the best of our ability, however it is
recommended that you recompile DBD::Sybase against the Sybase Open Client
libraries. They are a part of the Sybase ASE distribution:
The Open Client FAQ is here:
<
http://www.isug.com/Sybase_FAQ/ASE/section7.html>.
Sybase ASE for Linux (which comes with the Open Client libraries) may be
downloaded here: <
http://response.sybase.com/forms/ASE_Linux_Download>.
To see if you're using FreeTDS run:
perl -MDBI -le 'my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $user, $pass); print $dbh->{syb_oc_version}'
It is recommended to set "tds version" for your ASE server to 5.0 in
"/etc/freetds/freetds.conf".
Some versions or configurations of the libraries involved will not support
placeholders, in which case the storage will be reblessed to
DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE::NoBindVars.
In some configurations, placeholders will work but will throw implicit type
conversion errors for anything that's not expecting a string. In such a case,
the "auto_cast" option from DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::AutoCast is
automatically set, which you may enable on connection with
connect_call_set_auto_cast. The type info for the "CAST"s is taken
from the "data_type" in DBIx::Class::ResultSource definitions in
your Result classes, and are mapped to a Sybase type (if it isn't already)
using a mapping based on SQL::Translator.
In other configurations, placeholders will work just as they do with the Sybase
Open Client libraries.
Inserts or updates of TEXT/IMAGE columns will
NOT work with FreeTDS.
INSERTS WITH PLACEHOLDERS¶
With placeholders enabled, inserts are done in a transaction so that there are
no concurrency issues with getting the inserted identity value using
"SELECT MAX(col)", which is the only way to get the
"IDENTITY" value in this mode.
In addition, they are done on a separate connection so that it's possible to
have active cursors when doing an insert.
When using "DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE::NoBindVars"
transactions are unnecessary and not used, as there are no concurrency issues
with "SELECT @@IDENTITY" which is a session variable.
TRANSACTIONS¶
Due to limitations of the TDS protocol and DBD::Sybase, you cannot begin a
transaction while there are active cursors, nor can you use multiple active
cursors within a transaction. An active cursor is, for example, a ResultSet
that has been executed using "next" or "first" but has not
been exhausted or reset.
For example, this will not work:
$schema->txn_do(sub {
my $rs = $schema->resultset('Book');
while (my $result = $rs->next) {
$schema->resultset('MetaData')->create({
book_id => $result->id,
...
});
}
});
This won't either:
my $first_row = $large_rs->first;
$schema->txn_do(sub { ... });
Transactions done for inserts in "AutoCommit" mode when placeholders
are in use are not affected, as they are done on an extra database handle.
Some workarounds:
- •
- use DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Replicated
- •
- connect another Schema
- •
- load the data from your cursor with "all" in
DBIx::Class::ResultSet
MAXIMUM CONNECTIONS¶
The TDS protocol makes separate connections to the server for active statements
in the background. By default the number of such connections is limited to 25,
on both the client side and the server side.
This is a bit too low for a complex DBIx::Class application, so on connection
the client side setting is set to 256 (see "maxConnect" in
DBD::Sybase.) You can override it to whatever setting you like in the DSN.
See
<
http://infocenter.sybase.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.sybase.help.ase_15.0.sag1/html/sag1/sag1272.htm>
for information on changing the setting on the server side.
DATES¶
See "connect_call_datetime_setup" to setup date formats for
DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime.
LIMITED QUERIES¶
Because ASE does not have a good way to limit results in SQL that works for all
types of queries, the limit dialect is set to GenericSubQ.
Fortunately, ASE and DBD::Sybase support cursors properly, so when GenericSubQ
is too slow you can use the software_limit DBIx::Class::ResultSet attribute to
simulate limited queries by skipping over records.
TEXT/IMAGE COLUMNS¶
DBD::Sybase compiled with FreeTDS will
NOT allow you to insert or update
"TEXT/IMAGE" columns.
Setting "$dbh->{LongReadLen}" will also not work with FreeTDS use
either:
$schema->storage->dbh->do("SET TEXTSIZE $bytes");
or
$schema->storage->set_textsize($bytes);
instead.
However, the "LongReadLen" you pass in connect_info is used to execute
the equivalent "SET TEXTSIZE" command on connection.
See "connect_call_blob_setup" for a connect_info setting you need to
work with "IMAGE" columns.
BULK API¶
The experimental DBD::Sybase Bulk API support is used for populate in
void context, in a transaction on a separate connection.
To use this feature effectively, use a large number of rows for each populate
call, eg.:
while (my $rows = $data_source->get_100_rows()) {
$rs->populate($rows);
}
NOTE: the add_columns calls in your "Result" classes
must list columns in database order for this to work. Also, you may
have to unset the "LANG" environment variable before loading your
app, as "BCP -Y" is not yet supported in DBD::Sybase .
When inserting IMAGE columns using this method, you'll need to use
"connect_call_blob_setup" as well.
COMPUTED COLUMNS¶
If you have columns such as:
created_dtm AS getdate()
represent them in your Result classes as:
created_dtm => {
data_type => undef,
default_value => \'getdate()',
is_nullable => 0,
inflate_datetime => 1,
}
The "data_type" must exist and must be "undef". Then empty
inserts will work on tables with such columns.
TIMESTAMP COLUMNS¶
"timestamp" columns in Sybase ASE are not really timestamps, see:
<
http://dba.fyicenter.com/Interview-Questions/SYBASE/The_timestamp_datatype_in_Sybase_.html>.
They should be defined in your Result classes as:
ts => {
data_type => 'timestamp',
is_nullable => 0,
inflate_datetime => 0,
}
The "<inflate_datetime =" 0>> is necessary if you use
DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime, and most people do, and still want to be
able to read these values.
The values will come back as hexadecimal.
TODO¶
- •
- Transitions to AutoCommit=0 (starting a transaction) mode by exhausting
any active cursors, using eager cursors.
- •
- Real limits and limited counts using stored procedures deployed on
startup.
- •
- Blob update with a LIKE query on a blob, without invalidating the WHERE
condition.
- •
- bulk_insert using prepare_cached (see comments.)
FURTHER QUESTIONS?¶
Check the list of additional DBIC resources.
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE¶
This module is free software copyright by the DBIx::Class (DBIC) authors. You
can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the DBIx::Class
library.