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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "UUlib 3pm"
.TH UUlib 3pm "2011-05-29" "perl v5.20.0" "User Contributed Perl Documentation"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
Convert::UUlib \- Perl interface to the uulib library (a.k.a. uudeview/uuenview).
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
.Vb 1
\& use Convert::UUlib \*(Aq:all\*(Aq;
\& 
\& # read all the files named on the commandline and decode them
\& # into the CURRENT directory. See below for a longer example.
\& LoadFile $_ for @ARGV;
\& for (my $i = 0; my $uu = GetFileListItem $i; $i++) {
\&    if ($uu\->state & FILE_OK) {
\&      $uu\->decode;
\&      print $uu\->filename, "\en";
\&    }
\& }
.Ve
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
Read the file doc/library.pdf from the distribution for in-depth
information about the C\-library used in this interface, and the rest of
this document and especially the non-trivial decoder program at the end.
.SH "EXPORTED CONSTANTS"
.IX Header "EXPORTED CONSTANTS"
.SS "Action code constants"
.IX Subsection "Action code constants"
.Vb 5
\&  ACT_IDLE      we don\*(Aqt do anything
\&  ACT_SCANNING  scanning an input file
\&  ACT_DECODING  decoding into a temp file
\&  ACT_COPYING   copying temp to target
\&  ACT_ENCODING  encoding a file
.Ve
.SS "Message severity levels"
.IX Subsection "Message severity levels"
.Vb 6
\&  MSG_MESSAGE   just a message, nothing important
\&  MSG_NOTE      something that should be noticed
\&  MSG_WARNING   important msg, processing continues
\&  MSG_ERROR     processing has been terminated
\&  MSG_FATAL     decoder cannot process further requests
\&  MSG_PANIC     recovery impossible, app must terminate
.Ve
.SS "Options"
.IX Subsection "Options"
.Vb 10
\&  OPT_VERSION   version number MAJOR.MINORplPATCH (ro)
\&  OPT_FAST      assumes only one part per file
\&  OPT_DUMBNESS  switch off the program\*(Aqs intelligence
\&  OPT_BRACKPOL  give numbers in [] higher precendence
\&  OPT_VERBOSE   generate informative messages
\&  OPT_DESPERATE try to decode incomplete files
\&  OPT_IGNREPLY  ignore RE:plies (off by default)
\&  OPT_OVERWRITE whether it\*(Aqs OK to overwrite ex. files
\&  OPT_SAVEPATH  prefix to save\-files on disk
\&  OPT_IGNMODE   ignore the original file mode
\&  OPT_DEBUG     print messages with FILE/LINE info
\&  OPT_ERRNO     get last error code for RET_IOERR (ro)
\&  OPT_PROGRESS  retrieve progress information
\&  OPT_USETEXT   handle text messages
\&  OPT_PREAMB    handle Mime preambles/epilogues
\&  OPT_TINYB64   detect short B64 outside of Mime
\&  OPT_ENCEXT    extension for single\-part encoded files
\&  OPT_REMOVE    remove input files after decoding (dangerous)
\&  OPT_MOREMIME  strict MIME adherence
\&  OPT_DOTDOT    ".."\-unescaping has not yet been done on input files
\&  OPT_RBUF      set default read I/O buffer size in bytes
\&  OPT_WBUF      set default write I/O buffer size in bytes
\&  OPT_AUTOCHECK automatically check file list after every loadfile
.Ve
.SS "Result/Error codes"
.IX Subsection "Result/Error codes"
.Vb 10
\&  RET_OK        everything went fine
\&  RET_IOERR     I/O Error \- examine errno
\&  RET_NOMEM     not enough memory
\&  RET_ILLVAL    illegal value for operation
\&  RET_NODATA    decoder didn\*(Aqt find any data
\&  RET_NOEND     encoded data wasn\*(Aqt ended properly
\&  RET_UNSUP     unsupported function (encoding)
\&  RET_EXISTS    file exists (decoding)
\&  RET_CONT      continue \-\- special from ScanPart
\&  RET_CANCEL    operation canceled
.Ve
.SS "File States"
.IX Subsection "File States"
.Vb 1
\& This code is zero, i.e. "false":
\&
\&  UUFILE_READ   Read in, but not further processed
\&
\& The following state codes are or\*(Aqed together:
\&
\&  FILE_MISPART  Missing Part(s) detected
\&  FILE_NOBEGIN  No \*(Aqbegin\*(Aq found
\&  FILE_NOEND    No \*(Aqend\*(Aq found
\&  FILE_NODATA   File does not contain valid uudata
\&  FILE_OK       All Parts found, ready to decode
\&  FILE_ERROR    Error while decoding
\&  FILE_DECODED  Successfully decoded
\&  FILE_TMPFILE  Temporary decoded file exists
.Ve
.SS "Encoding types"
.IX Subsection "Encoding types"
.Vb 7
\&  UU_ENCODED    UUencoded data
\&  B64_ENCODED   Mime\-Base64 data
\&  XX_ENCODED    XXencoded data
\&  BH_ENCODED    Binhex encoded
\&  PT_ENCODED    Plain\-Text encoded (MIME)
\&  QP_ENCODED    Quoted\-Printable (MIME)
\&  YENC_ENCODED  yEnc encoded (non\-MIME)
.Ve
.SH "EXPORTED FUNCTIONS"
.IX Header "EXPORTED FUNCTIONS"
.SS "Initializing and cleanup"
.IX Subsection "Initializing and cleanup"
Initialize is automatically called when the module is loaded and allocates
quite a small amount of memory for todays machines ;) CleanUp releases that
again.
.PP
On my machine, a fairly complete decode with \s-1DBI\s0 backend needs about 10MB
\&\s-1RSS\s0 to decode 20000 files.
.IP "Initialize" 4
.IX Item "Initialize"
Not normally necessary, (re\-)initializes the library.
.IP "CleanUp" 4
.IX Item "CleanUp"
Not normally necessary, could be called at the end to release memory
before starting a new decoding round.
.SS "Setting and querying options"
.IX Subsection "Setting and querying options"
.ie n .IP "$option = GetOption OPT_xxx" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$option\fR = GetOption OPT_xxx" 4
.IX Item "$option = GetOption OPT_xxx"
.PD 0
.IP "SetOption OPT_xxx, opt-value" 4
.IX Item "SetOption OPT_xxx, opt-value"
.PD
.PP
See the \f(CW\*(C`OPT_xxx\*(C'\fR constants above to see which options exist.
.SS "Setting various callbacks"
.IX Subsection "Setting various callbacks"
.IP "SetMsgCallback [callback\-function]" 4
.IX Item "SetMsgCallback [callback-function]"
.PD 0
.IP "SetBusyCallback [callback\-function]" 4
.IX Item "SetBusyCallback [callback-function]"
.IP "SetFileCallback [callback\-function]" 4
.IX Item "SetFileCallback [callback-function]"
.IP "SetFNameFilter [callback\-function]" 4
.IX Item "SetFNameFilter [callback-function]"
.PD
.SS "Call the currently selected FNameFilter"
.IX Subsection "Call the currently selected FNameFilter"
.ie n .IP "$file = FNameFilter $file" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$file\fR = FNameFilter \f(CW$file\fR" 4
.IX Item "$file = FNameFilter $file"
.SS "Loading sourcefiles, optionally fuzzy merge and start decoding"
.IX Subsection "Loading sourcefiles, optionally fuzzy merge and start decoding"
.PD 0
.ie n .IP "($retval, $count) = LoadFile $fname, [$id, [$delflag, [$partno]]]" 4
.el .IP "($retval, \f(CW$count\fR) = LoadFile \f(CW$fname\fR, [$id, [$delflag, [$partno]]]" 4
.IX Item "($retval, $count) = LoadFile $fname, [$id, [$delflag, [$partno]]]"
.PD
Load the given file and scan it for encoded contents. Optionally tag it
with the given id, and if \f(CW$delflag\fR is true, delete the file after it
is no longer necessary. If you are certain of the part number, you can
specify it as the last argument.
.Sp
A better (usually faster) way of doing this is using the \f(CW\*(C`SetFNameFilter\*(C'\fR
functionality.
.ie n .IP "$retval = Smerge $pass" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$retval\fR = Smerge \f(CW$pass\fR" 4
.IX Item "$retval = Smerge $pass"
If you are desperate, try to call \f(CW\*(C`Smerge\*(C'\fR with increasing \f(CW$pass\fR
values, beginning at \f(CW0\fR, to try to merge parts that usually would not
have been merged.
.Sp
Most probably this will result in garbled files, so never do this by
default, except:
.Sp
If the \f(CW\*(C`OPT_AUTOCHECK\*(C'\fR option has been disabled (by default it is
enabled) to speed up file loading, then you \fIhave\fR to call \f(CW\*(C`Smerge \-1\*(C'\fR
after loading all files as an additional pre-pass (which is normally done
by \f(CW\*(C`LoadFile\*(C'\fR).
.ie n .IP "$item = GetFileListItem $item_number" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$item\fR = GetFileListItem \f(CW$item_number\fR" 4
.IX Item "$item = GetFileListItem $item_number"
Return the \f(CW$item\fR structure for the \f(CW$item_number\fR'th found file, or
\&\f(CW\*(C`undef\*(C'\fR of no file with that number exists.
.Sp
The first file has number \f(CW0\fR, and the series has no holes, so you can
iterate over all files by starting with zero and incrementing until you
hit \f(CW\*(C`undef\*(C'\fR.
.SS "Decoding files"
.IX Subsection "Decoding files"
.ie n .IP "$retval = $item\->rename($newname)" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$retval\fR = \f(CW$item\fR\->rename($newname)" 4
.IX Item "$retval = $item->rename($newname)"
Change the ondisk filename where the decoded file will be saved.
.ie n .IP "$retval = $item\->decode_temp" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$retval\fR = \f(CW$item\fR\->decode_temp" 4
.IX Item "$retval = $item->decode_temp"
Decode the file into a temporary location, use \f(CW\*(C`$item\->infile\*(C'\fR to
retrieve the temporary filename.
.ie n .IP "$retval = $item\->remove_temp" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$retval\fR = \f(CW$item\fR\->remove_temp" 4
.IX Item "$retval = $item->remove_temp"
Remove the temporarily decoded file again.
.ie n .IP "$retval = $item\->decode([$target_path])" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$retval\fR = \f(CW$item\fR\->decode([$target_path])" 4
.IX Item "$retval = $item->decode([$target_path])"
Decode the file to it's destination, or the given target path.
.ie n .IP "$retval = $item\->info(callback\-function)" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$retval\fR = \f(CW$item\fR\->info(callback\-function)" 4
.IX Item "$retval = $item->info(callback-function)"
.SS "Querying (and setting) item attributes"
.IX Subsection "Querying (and setting) item attributes"
.PD 0
.ie n .IP "$state    = $item\->state" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$state\fR    = \f(CW$item\fR\->state" 4
.IX Item "$state = $item->state"
.ie n .IP "$mode     = $item\->mode([newmode])" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$mode\fR     = \f(CW$item\fR\->mode([newmode])" 4
.IX Item "$mode = $item->mode([newmode])"
.ie n .IP "$uudet    = $item\->uudet" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$uudet\fR    = \f(CW$item\fR\->uudet" 4
.IX Item "$uudet = $item->uudet"
.ie n .IP "$size     = $item\->size" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$size\fR     = \f(CW$item\fR\->size" 4
.IX Item "$size = $item->size"
.ie n .IP "$filename = $item\->filename([newfilename})" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$filename\fR = \f(CW$item\fR\->filename([newfilename})" 4
.IX Item "$filename = $item->filename([newfilename})"
.ie n .IP "$subfname = $item\->subfname" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$subfname\fR = \f(CW$item\fR\->subfname" 4
.IX Item "$subfname = $item->subfname"
.ie n .IP "$mimeid   = $item\->mimeid" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$mimeid\fR   = \f(CW$item\fR\->mimeid" 4
.IX Item "$mimeid = $item->mimeid"
.ie n .IP "$mimetype = $item\->mimetype" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$mimetype\fR = \f(CW$item\fR\->mimetype" 4
.IX Item "$mimetype = $item->mimetype"
.ie n .IP "$binfile  = $item\->binfile" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$binfile\fR  = \f(CW$item\fR\->binfile" 4
.IX Item "$binfile = $item->binfile"
.PD
.SS "Information about source parts"
.IX Subsection "Information about source parts"
.ie n .IP "$parts = $item\->parts" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$parts\fR = \f(CW$item\fR\->parts" 4
.IX Item "$parts = $item->parts"
Return information about all parts (source files) used to decode the file
as a list of hashrefs with the following structure:
.Sp
.Vb 11
\& {
\&   partno   => <integer describing the part number, starting with 1>,
\&   # the following member sonly exist when they contain useful information
\&   sfname   => <local pathname of the file where this part is from>,
\&   filename => <the ondisk filename of the decoded file>,
\&   subfname => <used to cluster postings, possibly the posting filename>,
\&   subject  => <the subject of the posting/mail>,
\&   origin   => <the possible source (From) address>,
\&   mimetype => <the possible mimetype of the decoded file>,
\&   mimeid   => <the id part of the Content\-Type>,
\& }
.Ve
.Sp
Usually you are interested mostly the \f(CW\*(C`sfname\*(C'\fR and possibly the \f(CW\*(C`partno\*(C'\fR
and \f(CW\*(C`filename\*(C'\fR members.
.SS "Functions below not documented and not very well tested"
.IX Subsection "Functions below not documented and not very well tested"
.Vb 7
\&  QuickDecode
\&  EncodeMulti
\&  EncodePartial
\&  EncodeToStream
\&  EncodeToFile
\&  E_PrepSingle
\&  E_PrepPartial
.Ve
.SS "\s-1EXTENSION FUNCTIONS\s0"
.IX Subsection "EXTENSION FUNCTIONS"
Functions found in this module but not documented in the uulib documentation:
.ie n .IP "$msg = straction ACT_xxx" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$msg\fR = straction ACT_xxx" 4
.IX Item "$msg = straction ACT_xxx"
Return a human readable string representing the given action code.
.ie n .IP "$msg = strerror RET_xxx" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$msg\fR = strerror RET_xxx" 4
.IX Item "$msg = strerror RET_xxx"
Return a human readable string representing the given error code.
.ie n .IP "$str = strencoding xxx_ENCODED" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$str\fR = strencoding xxx_ENCODED" 4
.IX Item "$str = strencoding xxx_ENCODED"
Return the name of the encoding type as a string.
.ie n .IP "$str = strmsglevel MSG_xxx" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$str\fR = strmsglevel MSG_xxx" 4
.IX Item "$str = strmsglevel MSG_xxx"
Returns the message level as a string.
.ie n .IP "SetFileNameCallback $cb" 4
.el .IP "SetFileNameCallback \f(CW$cb\fR" 4
.IX Item "SetFileNameCallback $cb"
Sets (or queries) the FileNameCallback, which is called whenever the
decoding library can't find a filename and wants to extract a filename
from the subject line of a posting. The callback will be called with
two arguments, the subject line and the current candidate for the
filename. The latter argument can be \f(CW\*(C`undef\*(C'\fR, which means that no
filename could be found (and likely no one exists, so it is safe to also
return \f(CW\*(C`undef\*(C'\fR in this case). If it doesn't return anything (not even
\&\f(CW\*(C`undef\*(C'\fR!), then nothing happens, so this is a no-op callback:
.Sp
.Vb 3
\&   sub cb {
\&      return ();
\&   }
.Ve
.Sp
If it returns \f(CW\*(C`undef\*(C'\fR, then this indicates that no filename could be
found. In all other cases, the return value is taken to be the filename.
.Sp
This is a slightly more useful callback:
.Sp
.Vb 8
\&  sub cb {
\&     return unless $_[1]; # skip "Re:"\-plies et al.
\&     my ($subject, $filename) = @_;
\&     # if we find some *.rar, take it
\&     return $1 if $subject =~ /(\ew+\e.rar)/;
\&     # otherwise just pass what we have
\&     return ();
\&  }
.Ve
.SH "LARGE EXAMPLE DECODER"
.IX Header "LARGE EXAMPLE DECODER"
This is the file \f(CW\*(C`example\-decoder\*(C'\fR from the distribution, put here
instead of more thorough documentation.
.PP
.Vb 1
\&   #!/usr/bin/perl
\&
\&   # decode all the files in the directory uusrc/ and copy
\&   # the resulting files to uudst/
\&
\&   use Convert::UUlib \*(Aq:all\*(Aq;
\&
\&   sub namefilter {
\&      my ($path) = @_;
\&
\&      $path=~s/^.*[\e/\e\e]//;
\&
\&      $path
\&   }
\&
\&   sub busycb {
\&      my ($action, $curfile, $partno, $numparts, $percent, $fsize) = @_;
\&      $_[0]=straction($action);
\&      print "busy_callback(", (join ",",@_), ")\en";
\&      0
\&   }
\&
\&   SetOption OPT_RBUF, 128*1024;
\&   SetOption OPT_WBUF, 1024*1024;
\&   SetOption OPT_IGNMODE, 1;
\&   SetOption OPT_IGNMODE, 1;
\&   SetOption OPT_VERBOSE, 1;
\&
\&   # show the three ways you can set callback functions. I normally
\&   # prefer the one with the sub inplace.
\&   SetFNameFilter \e&namefilter;
\&
\&   SetBusyCallback "busycb", 333;
\&
\&   SetMsgCallback sub {
\&      my ($msg, $level) = @_;
\&      print uc strmsglevel $_[1], ": $msg\en";
\&   };
\&
\&   # the following non\-trivial FileNameCallback takes care
\&   # of some subject lines not detected properly by uulib:
\&   SetFileNameCallback sub {
\&      return unless $_[1]; # skip "Re:"\-plies et al.
\&      local $_ = $_[0];
\&
\&      # the following rules are rather effective on some newsgroups,
\&      # like alt.binaries.games.anime, where non\-mime, uuencoded data
\&      # is very common
\&
\&      # if we find some *.rar, take it as the filename
\&      return $1 if /(\eS{3,}\e.(?:[rstuvwxyz]\ed\ed|rar))\es/i;
\&
\&      # one common subject format
\&      return $1 if /\- "(.{2,}?\e..+?)" (?:yenc )?\e(\ed+\e/\ed+\e)/i;
\&
\&      # \- filename.par (04/55)
\&      return $1 if /\- "?(\eS{3,}\e.\eS+?)"? (?:yenc )?\e(\ed+\e/\ed+\e)/i;
\&
\&      # \- (xxx) No. 1 sayuri81.jpg 756565 bytes
\&      # \- (20 files) No.17 Roseanne.jpg [2/2]
\&      return $1 if /No\e.[ 0\-9]+ (\eS+\e....) (?:\ed+ bytes )?\e[/;
\&
\&      # try to detect some common forms of filenames
\&      return $1 if /([a\-z0\-9_\e\-+.]{3,}\e.[a\-z]{3,4}(?:.\ed+))/i;
\&
\&      # otherwise just pass what we have
\&      ()
\&   };
\&
\&   # now read all files in the directory uusrc/*
\&   for(<uusrc/*>) {
\&      my ($retval, $count) = LoadFile ($_, $_, 1);
\&      print "file($_), status(", strerror $retval, ") parts($count)\en";
\&   }
\&
\&   SetOption OPT_SAVEPATH, "uudst/";
\&
\&   # now wade through all files and their source parts
\&   $i = 0;
\&   while ($uu = GetFileListItem $i) {
\&      $i++;
\&      print "file nr. $i";
\&      print " state ", $uu\->state;
\&      print " mode ", $uu\->mode;
\&      print " uudet ", strencoding $uu\->uudet;
\&      print " size ", $uu\->size;
\&      print " filename ", $uu\->filename;
\&      print " subfname ", $uu\->subfname;
\&      print " mimeid ", $uu\->mimeid;
\&      print " mimetype ", $uu\->mimetype;
\&      print "\en";
\&
\&      # print additional info about all parts
\&      for ($uu\->parts) {
\&         while (my ($k, $v) = each %$_) {
\&            print "$k > $v, ";
\&         }
\&         print "\en";
\&      }
\&
\&      print $uu\->filename;
\&
\&      $uu\->remove_temp;
\&
\&      if (my $err = $uu\->decode ()) {
\&         print ", ", strerror $err, "\en";
\&      } else {
\&         print ", saved as uudst/", $uu\->filename, "\en";
\&      }
\&   }
\&
\&   print "cleanup...\en";
\&
\&   CleanUp;
.Ve
.SH "AUTHOR"
.IX Header "AUTHOR"
Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>, the original uulib library was written
by Frank Pilhofer <fp@informatik.uni\-frankfurt.de>, and later heavily
bugfixed by Marc Lehmann.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
\&\fIperl\fR\|(1), uudeview homepage at http://www.uni\-frankfurt.de/~fp/uudeview/.