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kdump-tools.conf(5) | Linux System Administrator's Manual | kdump-tools.conf(5) |
NAME¶
kdump-tools.conf - configuration file for the kdump-tools init scriptSYNOPSIS¶
- /etc/default/kdump-tools
DESCRIPTION¶
kdump-tools manages the kdump feature of the Linux kernel. The /etc/default/kdump-tools file contains local configuration settings of kdump. This file is sourced into a shell script, so it's format should be consistent with shell scripting.OPTIONS¶
- USE_KDUMP
- Controls whether or not kdump-tools will take any action. If not set or 0, the kdump-tools init script will not run.
- KDUMP_SYSCTL
- Controls when a panic occurs, using the sysctl(8) interface. Each
time a kdump kernel is loaded, “sysctl -w
$KDUMP_SYSCTL” is also executed, thus allowing the system
adiminstrator to maintain customizable conditions for a kdump. The
contents of this variable should be the “variable=value
...” portion of the “sysctl -w” command.
If not set, “kernel.panic_on_oops=1” will be used.
This feature can be disabled by setting
- KDUMP_KERNEL
- A full pathname to a kdump kernel (the kernel that is kexec'd at crash time in a reserved memory area, exposing the old kernel's memory for dumping). If not set, kdump-config will use the boot kernel as the kdump kernel if it is relocatable; otherwise you must set KDUMP_KERNEL in order for kdump-tools to work.
- KDUMP_INITRD
- A full pathname to the kdump initrd (if used). If KDUMP_KERNEL is set and KDUMP_INITRD is not set, a warning message will be printed, and an initrd will not be used.
- KDUMP_COREDIR
- Full path to a directory where the vmcore will be saved. Date stamped subdirectories are created each time a vmcore file is processed. If not set, /var/crash will be used.
- KDUMP_FAIL_CMD
- This variable specifies a command to run if the vmcore save fails. If not set, no special action is taken.
- DEBUG_KERNEL
- A debug version of the running kernel. If not set, kdump-config will use /usr/lib/debug/vmlinux-$(uname-r) if it exists. Otherwise, kdump will still work, but the dump will take longer and will be much larger.
- MAKEDUMP_ARGS
- Extra arguments passed to makedumpfile(8). If not set, “-c -d 31” will be used. This tells makedumpfile to use compression, and reduce the corefile to in-use kernel pages only. See makedumpfile(8) for details.
- KDUMP_KEXEC_ARGS
- Additional arguments to the kexec command used to load the kdump kernel.
- KDUMP_CMDLINE
- Normally, the current kernel commandline is obtained from /proc/cmdline. Set this variable to override /proc/cmdline.
- KDUMP_CMDLINE_APPEND
- Additional arguments to append to the command line for the kdump kernel. If not set, “irqpoll maxcpus=1 nousb” will be used.
USAGE¶
kdump-tools is as automated as can be at this point but there are some prerequisites to using it. Additionally, some manual configuration is still required.Manual Configuration¶
- 1.
- USE_KDUMP is set to 0 by default. To enable kdump-tools, edit the /etc/default/kdump-tools configuration file and set USE_KDUMP=1.
- 2.
- Kernel Command line parameters - the kernel must be booted with a
crashkernel= command line parameter. Some example crashkernel
parameters:
ia64: crashkernel=384M x86: crashkernel=128M x86_64: crashkernel=256M
Some users may also want to add nmi_watchdog=1 on certain systems. The nmi watchdog will cause the kernel to panic (and kdump) if a system hang is detected. The kernel command line parameter is generally set in one of these files: /etc/default/grub, /boot/grub/menu.lst, /etc/elilo.conf, or /etc/lilo.conf. If the command line parameter is changed, a reboot is required in order for it to take effect.
- 3.
- Architectural considerations
- A)
- x86 && PAE && memory > 4 Gigabytes - use KDUMP_KEXEC_ARGS="--elf64-core-headers"
- B)
- x86 and x86_64 - Some systems can take advantage of the nmi watchdog. Add nmi_watchdog=1 to the boot commandline to turn on the watchdog. The nmi interrupt will call panic if activated.
- C)
- ia64 - Some systems may need KDUMP_KEXEC_ARGS="--noio". Use this if the system hangs after a panic, but before the kdump kernel begins to boot.
Prerequisites¶
- 1.
- Boot Kernel Configuration - The boot kernel must be configured with CONFIG_KEXEC=y and, if it is also to be used as the kdump kernel, CONFIG_CRASHDUMP=y. For ia64, only makedumpfile level 1 will work if the memory model selected is CONFIG_DISCONTIG. CONFIG_SPARSEMEM is recommended instead.
- 2.
- Kdump Kernel Configuration - The kdump kernel must be relocated or relocatable. ia64 is relocatable by default, but x86, x86_64, and powerpc must be built with CONFIG_RELOCATABLE=y. Other architectures may require a predermined start location via CONFIG_PHYSICAL_START. If the boot kernel is relocatable, kdump-tools will automatically use that kernel. Otherwise, a relocatable or relocated kernel will need to be provided. The kdump kernel can be specified in the /etc/default/kdump-tools file. Set the KDUMP_KERNEL variable and if necessary the KDUMP_INITRD variable to point to the provided kernel and its initrd. The kdump kernel must be configured with: CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y
- 3.
- Debug Kernel - An uncompressed debug kernel should be provided in order for makedumpfile to process the vmcore file. Without a debug kernel, the transfer process is reduced to using “makedumpfile -c -d 1”. If /usr/lib/debug/vmlinux-$(uname -r) exists, kdump-tools will automatically use that kernel. Otherwise, A) set DEBUG_KERNEL in /etc/default/kdump-tools to point to a debug version of the currently booted kernel or B) do without - makedumpfile will still work, but the dumpfile will be larger and take longer to save to disk.
EXAMPLES¶
Also panic and kdump on oom:KDUMP_SYSCTL="kernel.panic_on_oops=1
vm.panic_on_oom=1"
Use this option on x86 systems with PAE and more than 4 gig of memory:
KDUMP_KEXEC_ARGS="--elf64-core-headers"
This option starts a shell if kdump-tools cannot save the vmcore file:
KDUMP_FAIL_CMD="/bin/bash; reboot -f"
FILES¶
- /etc/init.d/kdump-tools
- an init script to automatically load a kdump kernel, or save a vmcore and reboot.
- /etc/default/kdump-tools
- the kdump-tools configuration file
- /var/crash/kernel_link
- a link to the current debug kernel
- /var/crash/kexec_cmd
- the last kexec_cmd executed by kdump-config
DIAGNOSTICS¶
See kdump-config(8) for explanations of various error messages.SEE ALSO¶
/usr/share/doc/kdump-tools/READMEAUTHOR¶
Terry Loftin <terry.loftin@hp.com>April 2007 | kdump-tools v1.1.3 |