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jwm(1) | General Commands Manual | jwm(1) |
NAME¶
JWM - Joe's Window ManagerSYNOPSIS¶
jwm [options]DESCRIPTION¶
JWM is a window manager for the X11 Window System.OPTIONS¶
-display displayThis option specifies the display to use; see
X(1).
-exit
Exit JWM by sending _JWM_EXIT to the root window.
-h
Display a help message and exit.
-p
Parse the configuration file and exit. It is a good idea
to use this after making modifications to the configuration file to ensure
there are no errors.
-restart
Restart JWM by sending _JWM_RESTART to the root
window.
-v
Display version information and exit.
FILES¶
- /etc/jwm/jwmrc
- The default JWM configuration file.
- ~/.jwmrc
- Local configuration file. Copy the default configuration file to this location to make user-specific changes.
CONFIGURATION¶
OVERVIEWConfiguration of JWM is done by editing
".jwmrc". This file is XML making it easy to edit, either by hand or
programmatically. The example.jwmrc gives an example configuration file.
Before restarting JWM, it is a good idea to run "jwm -p" to make
sure the configuration file is free of errors. Otherwise you may end up
without a root menu.
ROOT MENU
The root menu in JWM is the primary way of starting
programs. It also provides a way to restart or exit the window manager. The
outer most tag is RootMenu. The following attributes are supported:
onroot list
TRAYS
Determine which buttons on the root window activate the
menu. This is a list of integers specifying buttons. The default is
"123". Note that multiple root menus may be specified by using
different buttons for different menus. The range of possible button values is
0 to 9 inclusive.
height int
Height of each menu item in pixels. 0 indicates the
largest menu item will determine the height. The default is 0.
labeled bool
Determines if a label appears at the top of the menu.
Default is false.
label string
The label to display at the top of the menu. Default is
"JWM".
Within the RootMenu tag, the following tags are supported:
Menu
This tag creates a submenu item. Any of the tags allowed
within the RootMenu tag, including the Menu tag are allowed
within this element. The following attributes are supported:
height int
Include
Height of each menu item in pixels. 0 indicates the
largest menu item will determine the height. The default is inherited from the
parent menu.
label string
The label to use. No default.
icon string
The icon to use for this menu. No default.
labeled bool
Determines if a label appears at the top of the menu.
Default is false.
Include the contents of a file into the menu structure.
The file must start with a "JWM" tag. The file is specified by the
text of the tag. If the text starts with "exec:" then the output of
a program is used.
Program
The Program tag provides a way to start an
external program. The text in this tag is the command used to start the
program. The following attributes are supported:
label string
Separator
The label to display. Default is the text of the
tag.
icon string
The icon to use. No default.
This tag simply puts a line in the menu allowing menu
divisions. No text or attributes are used.
Desktops
Add a desktop menu. This will add a submenu with a list
of desktops that can be used to change the current desktop. The following
attributes are supported:
label string
SendTo
The label to use for the menu. The default is
"Desktops".
icon string
The icon to use for this item. No default.
Add a "send to" menu to the menu. After
selecting an item from this menu, a window may be selected to send that window
to the selected desktop. The following attributes are supported:
label string
Stick
The label to use. The default is
"SendTo".
icon string
The icon to use for this item. No default.
Add a stick/unstick window operation to the menu. After
selecting this item a window may be selected to toggle the sticky state of
that window. The following attributes are supported:
label string
Maximize
The label to use. The default is "Stick".
icon string
The icon to use for this item. No default.
Add a maximize window operation to the menu. After
selecting this item a window may be selected to toggle the maximized state of
that window. The following attributes are supported:
label string
Minimize
The label to use. The default is
"Maximize".
icon string
The icon to use for this item. No default.
Add a minimize window operation to the menu. After
selecting this item a window may be selected to minimize that window. The
following attributes are supported:
label string
Shade
The label to use. The default is
"Minimize".
icon string
The icon to use for this item. No default.
Add a shade/unshade window operation to the menu. After
selecting this item a window may be selected to toggle the shaded status of
that window. The following attributes are supported:
label string
Move
The label to use. The default is "Shade".
icon string
The icon to use for this item. No default.
Add a move window operation to the menu. After selecting
this item a window may be selected to move that window. The following
attributes are supported:
label string
Resize
The label to use. The default is "Move".
icon string
The icon to use for this item. No default.
Add a resize window operation to the menu. After
selecting this item a window may be selected to resize that window. The
following attributes are supported:
label string
Kill
The label to use. The default is
"Resize".
icon string
The icon to use for this item. No default.
Add a kill window operation to the menu. After selecting
this item a window may be selected to kill that window. The following
attributes are supported:
label string
Close
The label to use. The default is "Kill".
icon string
The icon to use for this item. No default.
Add a close window operation to the menu. After selecting
this item a window may be selected to close that window. The following
attributes are supported:
label string
Restart
The label to use. The default is "Close".
icon string
The icon to use for this item. No default.
This tag adds a menu item to restart the window manager.
The following attributes are supported:
label string
Exit
The label to use. The default is
"Restart".
icon string
The icon to use. No default.
This tag adds a menu item to exit the window manager. If
text is present within this tag, it is interpreted as a command to run when
JWM exits. This can be used to start another window manager. The following
attributes are supported:
label string
The label to use. The default is "Exit".
icon string
The icon to use. No default.
confirm bool
Determine if a confirm dialog appears before exiting.
Default is true.
Note that confirm dialogs can be disabled completely at the compile-time.One or more trays may be created via the Tray tag.
This tag supports the following attributes:
autohide bool
INCLUDES
Allows this tray to hide itself when not activated.
Default is false.
x int
The x-coordinate of the tray. This may be negative to
indicate an offset from the right of the screen.
y int
The y-coordinate of the tray. This may be negative to
indicate an offset from the bottom of the screen.
width int
The width of the tray. 0 indicates that the tray should
compute an optimal width depending on what it contains and the layout. 0 is
the default.
height int
The height of the tray. 0 indicates that the tray should
compute an optimal height depending on what it contains and the layout. 0 is
the default.
border int
The width of the border. The default is 1. Valid values
are between 0 and 32 inclusive.
layer int
The layer of the tray. The default is 8. Valid values are
between 0 and 12 inclusive.
layout { vertical | horizontal }
The layout of the tray. The default is horizontal.
valign { fixed | top | center | bottom }
The vertical alignment of the tray. The default is
fixed.
halign { fixed | left | center | right }
The horizontal alignment of the tray. The default is
fixed.
Within this tag the following tags are supported:
Clock
Add a clock to the tray. The text of this tag is a
command to run when the clock is clicked. This tag supports the following
attributes:
format string
Dock
The format of the clock. See strftime(3).
zone string
The time zone of the clock. See tzset(3).
width int
The width of the clock. 0 indicates that the width should
be determined from the length of the text to be displayed.
height int
The height of the clock. 0 indicates that the height
should be determined from the font used.
Add a dock for system notifications. This can be used by
those programs that use the _NET_SYSTEM_TRAY_Sn selection. The size of the
Dock is dynamic based on the size of the tray and the number of items
contained. Only one Dock is allowed per instance of JWM. This tag supports the
following attribute:
width int
Pager
The maximum width of an item contained in the dock. This
defaults to the width or height of the tray (whichever is smaller).
Add a pager to the tray. A pager shows a miniature
representation of a desktop. When over the pager, the scroll wheel will switch
desktops. Holding down the right mouse button allows you to drag a window
around in the pager which changes its position on the real desktop. You can
also drag a window in the pager from one desktop to another. This tag supports
the following attributes:
labeled bool
Spacer
Determines if the pager has text labels. Default is
false.
Also see the PAGER STYLE section for more information.Add empty space to the tray. This tag supports the
following attributes:
width int
Swallow
The width of the spacer (0 to fill all available space).
0 is the default.
height int
The height of the spacer (0 to fill all available space).
0 is the default.
Swallow a program into the tray. The text of this tag
gives the command to run. This tag supports the following attributes:
name string
TaskList
The name of the program to swallow. This attribute is
required.
width int
The width of the swallowed program. 0 indicates that the
width should be determined from the tray and size requested from the program.
0 is the default.
height int
The height of the swallowed program. 0 indicates that the
height should be determined from the tray and the size requested from the
program. 0 is the default.
Add a task list to the tray. This tag supports the
following attribute:
maxwidth int
TrayButton
The maximum width of an item in the task list. 0
indicates no maximum. The default is 0.
Add a button to the tray. The text of this tag determines
what action to take when the button is clicked. The following actions are
supported:
root:n
Show root menu n. Note that the default TrayButton
action is root:1.
exec: string
Execute a command.
showdesktop
Minimize all windows on the current desktop.
This tag supports the following attributes:
label string
A label to display. No default.
popup string
A string to be displayed for a popup. This will default
to the value specified for label, if provided. If neither popup
nor label are specified no popup will be shown.
icon string
An icon to display. No default.
Other configuration files may be included under the JWM
tag via the Include tag. The text of this tag specifies the location of
an additional configuration file. The path may be relative to the loacation
JWM was started, an absolute path, or a path referencing an environment
variable (using '$'). The format of the configuration file is the same as the
main configuration file.
GROUP SETTINGS
Program groups allow one to specify options which apply
to a group of programs by name and/or class. A program group is created with
the Group tag. As many program groups can be created as desired. If one
or more Name tags is specified, a name must be matched. Likewise, if
one or more Class tags is specified, a class must be matched. Within
the Group tag the following tags are supported:
Name
WINDOW STYLE
The title of a program to match to be in this group. This
field is case sensitive. A wild card, *, may be used.
Class
The window class for a program to match to be in this
group. This field is case sensitive. A wild card, *, may be used.
Option
An option for this group. Possible options are given
below:
border
Causes windows in this group to have a border.
desktop:#
The desktop on which windows in this group will be
started.
icon:string
The icon to be used for windows in this group.
layer: #
The layer on which windows in this group will be
started.
maximized
Make windows in this group initially maximized.
hmax
Make windows in this group maximize horizontally.
vmax
Make windows in this group maximize vertically.
minimized
Make windows in this group initially minimized.
noborder
Causes windows in this group to be displayed without a
border.
nofocus
Prevents windows in the group from grabbing the focus
when mapped.
nolist
Causes the tray to ignore windows in this group.
notitle
Causes windows in this group to be displayed without a
title bar.
pignore
Ignore initial window position requested by
program.
shaded
Make windows in this group initially shaded.
sticky
Make windows in this group sticky.
opacity:#
Set the opacity for windows in this group. The value is a
number between 0.0 and 1.0 inclusive.
title
Causes windows in this group to have a title bar.
The WindowStyle tag controls the look of window
borders. Within this tag, the following tags are supported:
Font
TRAY STYLE
The font used for title bars. See the FONTS
section for more information.
Width
The width of window borders in pixels. The default is 4,
the minimum is 1, and the maximum is 32.
Height
The height of window title bars in pixels. The default is
20, the minimum is 2, and the maximum is 64.
Active
The colors/opacity used for the active window. See the
COLORS section for more information on colors. The following tags are
supported:
Text
Inactive
The color of text on the title bar. The default is
black.
Title
The color of the title bar (gradients are supported). The
default is red:red.
Opacity
The opacity of the window. This is a floating point value
between 0.0 and 1.0. Note that a composite manager, such as xcompmgr, is
required for this.
Outline
The color of the window outline. The default is
black.
The colors used for inactive windows. See the
COLORS section for more information on colors. The following tags are
supported:
Text
The color of text on the title bar. The default is
black.
Title
The color of the title bar (gradients are supported). The
default is gray:gray.
Opacity
The opacity of the window. This is a floating point value
between 0.0 and 1.0. Note that a composite manager, such as xcompmgr, is
required for this.
Outline
The color of the window outline. The default is
black.
The TrayStyle tag controls the look of trays.
Within this tag the following tag is supported:
Font
TASK LIST STYLE
The default tray font to use. See the FONTS
section for more information.
Foreground
The default foreground color. See the COLORS
section for more information.
Background
The default background color. See the COLORS
section for more information.
Opacity
The opacity of the window. This is a floating point value
between 0.0 and 1.0. Note that a composite manager, such as xcompmgr, is
required for this.
The TaskListStyle tag controls the look of task
lists. This tag supports the following attribute:
insert mode
CLOCK STYLE
This determines how new items are added to the task list.
Valid options are left and right. The default is
right.
Within this tag the following tags are supported:
Font
The font used for program names. See the FONTS
section for more information.
Foreground
The foreground color of the task list items. See the
COLORS section for more information.
Background
The background color of the task list items (gradients
are supported). See the COLORS section for more information.
ActiveForeground
The foreground color of an active item on the task list.
See the COLORS section for more information.
ActiveBackground
The background color of an active item on the task list
(gradients are supported). See the COLORS section for more
information.
The ClockStyle tag controls the look of clocks.
Within this tag, the following tags are supported.
Font
PAGER STYLE
The font used. See the FONTS section for more
information.
Foreground
The color of the text. See the COLORS section for
more information.
Background
The background color. See the COLORS section for
more information.
The PagerStyle tag controls the look of pagers.
Within this tag, the following tags are supported:
Outline
MENU STYLE
The color of the outline around windows shown in the
pager. See the COLORS section for more information.
Foreground
The color of inactive windows shown in the pager. See the
COLORS section for more information.
Background
The background color of inactive desktops shown in the
pager. See the COLORS section for more information.
ActiveForeground
The color of active windows shown in the pager. See the
COLORS section for more information.
ActiveBackground
The background color of active desktops shown in the
pager. See the COLORS section for more information.
Text
The color to use for pager labels. See the COLORS
section for more information.
Font
The font to use for pager labels. See the COLORS
section for more information.
The MenuStyle tag controls the look of the menus
in JWM (this includes the root menu and window menus). Within this tag the
following tags are supported:
Font
POPUP STYLE
The font used on menus See the FONTS section for
more information.
Foreground
The text color of inactive menu items. See the
COLORS section for more information.
Background
The background color of inactive menu items. See the
COLORSsection for more information.
ActiveForeground
The text color of active menu items. See the
COLORS section for more information.
ActiveBackground
Text background color of active menu items (gradients are
supported). See the COLORS section for more information.
Opacity
The opacity of the window. This is a floating point value
between 0.0 and 1.0. Note that a composite manager, such as xcompmgr, is
required for this.
The PopupStyle tag controls the look of popup
windows such as those shown when the mouse sits over a task list item. This
tag supports the following attributes:
delay int
FONTS
The delay in milliseconds before popups activate. The
default is 600.
enabled bool
Determine if popups are shown. Default is true.
Within this tag the following tags are supported:
Font
The font to use. See the FONTS section for more
information.
Outline
The color of the window outline. See the COLORS
section for more information.
Foreground
The text color. See the COLORS section for more
information.
Background
The background color. See the COLORS section for
more information.
Fonts for various parts of JWM are specified within a
Font tag. The text of this tag determines the font to use. This can be
either a standard X font string or, if compiled with XFT support, an XFT font
string.
COLORS
Colors for various parts of JWM are specified within
specific tags (discribed above). Colors may either be hex triplets in RGB
format (for example, #FF0000 is red) or by a name recognized by the X server.
For components that support gradients, two colors may be specified separated
by a colon.
ICONS
Icons for windows that don't supply an icon via the
_NET_WM_ICON hint are located by searching the icon search path(s) for an icon
whose name (minus the ".xpm" or ".png" extension) matches
the instance name of the window as returned in the WM_CLASS hint. If this
lookup fails, a default icon is supplied. This icon will be displayed for the
window on it's title bar and on the task list. Icons that are not an
appropriate size will be scaled. Square icons work best.
For menu items, the icon path is searched for a match. the icon specified for a
menu item must be the exact name of the icon file with the extension. If no
match is found, a blank area will appear where the icon should appear. If an
icon is not specified for any menu item in a menu, no space will be allocated
for icons.
Zero or more IconPath tags may be specified. The text of this tag is
assumed to be an absolute directory path to a directory containing XPM, PNG,
and/or JPEG icons. When searching for icons, if multiple paths are provided,
they will be searched in order until a match is made. Note that icon, PNG,
JPEG, and XPM support are compile-time options.
KEY BINDINGS
Keyboard bindings in JWM are specified in Key
tags. Either the key or keycode attributes must be specified to
determine which key will cause an action. The optional attribute, mask,
specifies what key mask, if any, must be in effect for the binding to match.
Finally, the text of the Key tag is the action to perform.
One or more of the following key masks may be specified for mask (see
xmodmap(1)):
The key specified in the key attribute must contain a valid key string
for XStringToKeysym(3). These values are usually what one would expect
(for example, the escape key is called "Escape").
Valid actions for a key binding are:
Note that keys that are grabbed will not be available to applications other than
JWM since JWM will interpret these. Also note that there are no default key
bindings. Finally, it is possible to bind multiple key combinations to the
same action.
MOUSE BINDINGS
- A
- The "Alt" key (mod1).
- C
- Control
- S
- Shift
- 1
- mod1
- 2
- mod2
- 3
- mod3
- 4
- mod4
- 5
- mod5
- up
- Move up. Not grabbed.
- down
- Move down. Not grabbed.
- right
- Move right. Not grabbed.
- left
- Move left. Not grabbed.
- escape
- Stop a move/resize or exit a menu. Not grabbed.
- select
- Make a menu selection. Not grabbed.
- next
- Move to the next window in the task list. Grabbed.
- nextstacked
- Move to the next window in the stacking order. Grabbed.
- prev
- Move to the previous window in the task list. Grabbed.
- prevstacked
- Move to the previous window in the stacking order. Grabbed.
- close
- Close the active window. Grabbed.
- minimize
- Minimize the active window. Grabbed.
- maximize
- Maximize the active window. Grabbed.
- shade
- Shade the active window. Grabbed.
- stick
- Stick/unstick the active window. Grabbed.
- move
- Move the active window. Grabbed.
- resize
- Resize the active window. Grabbed.
- root:n
- Show root menu n. Grabbed.
- window
- Show the window menu for the active window. Grabbed.
- desktop#
- Switch to a specific desktop. To use this, "#" must be specified in the key section. The number 1 to the number of desktops configured are then substituted for "#". Grabbed.
- rdesktop
- Move one desktop to the right. Grabbed.
- ldesktop
- Move one desktop to the left. Grabbed.
- udesktop
- Move up one desktop. Grabbed.
- ddesktop
- Move down one desktop. Grabbed.
- showdesktop
- Show/hide the desktop (maximize/minimize all windows). Grabbed.
- showtray
- Unhide the tray (when using autohide). Grabbed.
- exec:command
- Execute command. Grabbed.
- restart
- Restart JWM. Grabbed.
Any button (other than the scroll wheel) on the root
window will bring up the root menu unless otherwise specified via the
onroot attribute of RootMenu. Scrolling up on the root window
switches to the previous desktop and scrolling down switches to the next
desktop.
The right button will show the window menu on the
frame.
The left button will resize if on the border or move if
in the title bar.
The middle button will move anywhere on the frame.
A double click on the title bar of a window will toggle
the maximized state of the window. Scrolling up over the title bar will shade
the window and scrolling down will unshade the window. When a menu is open,
the scroll wheel will move through menus. When over the pager, the scroll
wheel will switch desktops. When over a task list, the scroll wheel will
switch windows.
DESKTOPS
Virtual desktops are controlled with the Desktops
tag. Within this tag the following attribute is supported:
width int
OTHER SETTINGS
The number of virtual desktops in the horizontal
direction. The default is 4.
height int
The number of virtual desktops in the vertical direction.
The default is 1.
Within the Desktops tag the following tags are supported:
Background
The default background for desktops. The type
attribute determines the type of background and the text contained within this
tag is the value. Valid types are:
solid
Desktop
A solid color. See the COLORS section for more
information. This is the default.
gradient
A gradient color. See the COLORS section for more
information.
image
A stretched image. This may be an XPM, PNG, or JPEG
image. Note that support for XPM, PNG, and JPEG images must be compiled in and
icon support is required.
tile
A tiled image. Like image, but the image is tiled
instead of stretched.
command
A command to run for setting the background.
Desktop-specific data. The name attribute may be
specified to name the desktop (the default is the desktop number). Within this
tag a Background tag may be specified for a desktop-specific
background. See Background above for more information.
The following tags may also be supplied:
DoubleClickDelta
The number of pixels the mouse can move during a double
click. The default is 2. Valid values are between 0 and 32 inclusive.
DoubleClickSpeed
The maximum number of milliseconds between clicks for a
double click. The default is 400. Valid values are between 1 and 2000
inclusive.
FocusModel
The focus model to be used. The default is
"sloppy". Valid values are "click" (click to focus) and
"sloppy" (focus follows mouse).
MoveMode
The move mode. The default is "opaque". Valid
values are "opaque" and "outline". The optional
coordinates attribute determines the location of the move status
window. Possible values are:
ResizeMode
off
Disable the status window.
corner
Place the status window in the corner of the
screen.
window
Center the status window on the window being moved.
screen
Center the status window on the screen.
The resize mode. The default is "opaque". Valid
values are "opaque" and "outline". The optional
coordinates attribute determines the location of the move status
window. Possible values are:
SnapMode
off
Disable the status window.
corner
Place the status window in the corner of the
screen.
window
Center the status window on the window being
resized.
screen
Center the status window on the screen.
The snap mode. The default is "border". Valid
values are "none" (for no snapping), "screen" (for
snapping to the edge of the screen), and "border" (for snapping to
the borders of windows and the screen). An optional attribute,
distance, specifies the distance for snapping. The default is 5. Valid
values are between 1 and 32 inclusive.
StartupCommand
A command to run when JWM starts.
ShutdownCommand
A command to run when JWM exits.
RestartCommand
A command to run when JWM restarts.
ButtonClose
Path to a bitmask for the close button on windows.
ButtonMax
Path to a bitmask for the maximize button on inactive
windows.
ButtonMaxActive
Path to a bitmask for the maximize button on active
windows.
ButtonMin
Path to a bitmask for the minimize button on
windows.
AUTHOR¶
Joe Wingbermuehle <joewing@joewing.net>SEE ALSO¶
X(1)2012-11-21 | vsvn-579 |