NAME¶
bison - GNU Project parser generator (yacc replacement)
SYNOPSIS¶
bison [
-b file-prefix ] [
--file-prefix=file-prefix ] [
-d ] [
--defines ] [
-l ] [
--no-lines ] [
-o outfile ] [
--output-file=outfile ] [
-p prefix ] [
--name-prefix=prefix ] [
-t ] [
--debug ] [
-v ] [
--verbose ] [
-V ] [
--version ] [
-y ] [
--yacc ] [
--fixed-output-files ] file
DESCRIPTION¶
Bison is a parser generator in the style of
yacc(1). It should be
upwardly compatible with input files designed for
yacc.
Input files should follow the
yacc convention of ending in
.y.
Unlike
yacc, the generated files do not have fixed names, but instead
use the prefix of the input file. For instance, a grammar description file
named
parse.y would produce the generated parser in a file named
parse.tab.c, instead of
yacc's
y.tab.c.
This description of the options that can be given to
bison is adapted
from the node
Invocation in the
bison.texinfo manual, which
should be taken as authoritative.
Bison supports both traditional single-letter options and mnemonic long
option names. Long option names are indicated with
-- instead of
-. Abbreviations for option names are allowed as long as they are
unique. When a long option takes an argument, like
--file-prefix,
connect the option name and the argument with
=.
OPTIONS¶
- -b file-prefix
-
- --file-prefix=file-prefix
- Specify a prefix to use for all bison output file names. The names
are chosen as if the input file were named
file-prefix.c.
- -d
-
- --defines
- Write an extra output file containing macro definitions for the token type
names defined in the grammar and the semantic value type YYSTYPE,
as well as a few extern variable declarations.
If the parser output file is named name.c then this file is
named name.h.
This output file is essential if you wish to put the definition of
yylex in a separate source file, because yylex needs to be
able to refer to token type codes and the variable yylval.
- -l
-
- --no-lines
- Don't put any #line preprocessor commands in the parser file.
Ordinarily bison puts them in the parser file so that the C
compiler and debuggers will associate errors with your source file, the
grammar file. This option causes them to associate errors with the parser
file, treating it an independent source file in its own right.
- -o outfile
-
- --output-file=outfile
- Specify the name outfile for the parser file.
The other output files' names are constructed from outfile as
described under the -v and -d switches.
- -p prefix
-
- --name-prefix=prefix
- Rename the external symbols used in the parser so that they start with
prefix instead of yy. The precise list of symbols renamed is
yyparse, yylex, yyerror, yylval,
yychar, and yydebug.
For example, if you use -p c, the names become cparse,
clex, and so on.
- -t
-
- --debug
- Output a definition of the macro YYDEBUG into the parser file, so
that the debugging facilities are compiled.
- -v
-
- --verbose
- Write an extra output file containing verbose descriptions of the parser
states and what is done for each type of look-ahead token in that state.
This file also describes all the conflicts, both those resolved by operator
precedence and the unresolved ones.
The file's name is made by removing .tab.c or .c from the
parser output file name, and adding .output instead.
Therefore, if the input file is foo.y, then the parser file is called
foo.tab.c by default. As a consequence, the verbose output file is
called foo.output.
- -V
-
- --version
- Print the version number of bison.
- -y
-
- --yacc
-
- --fixed-output-files
- Equivalent to -o y.tab.c; the parser output file is called
y.tab.c, and the other outputs are called y.output and
y.tab.h. The purpose of this switch is to imitate yacc's
output file name conventions. Thus, the following shell script can
substitute for yacc:
The long-named options can be introduced with `+' as well as `--', for
compatibility with previous releases. Eventually support for `+' will be
removed, because it is incompatible with the POSIX.2 standard.
FILES¶
/usr/local/lib/bison.simple simple parser
/usr/local/lib/bison.hairy complicated parser
SEE ALSO¶
yacc(1)
The
Bison Reference Manual, included as the file
bison.texinfo in
the
bison source distribution.
DIAGNOSTICS¶
Self explanatory.