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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "BIBER 1p"
.TH BIBER 1p "2016-06-10" "perl v5.20.2" "User Contributed Perl Documentation"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
"biber" \- A bibtex replacement for users of biblatex
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
biber [options] file[.bcf]
biber [options] \-\-tool <datasource>
.PP
.Vb 3
\&  Creates "file.bbl" using control file "file.bcf" (".bcf" extension is
\&  optional). Normaly use with biblatex requires no options as they are
\&  all set in biblatex and passed via the ".bcf" file
\&
\&  In "tool" mode (see B<\-\-tool> option), takes a datasource (defaults to
\&  "bibtex" datasource) and outputs a copy of the datasource with any command\-line
\&  or config file options applied.
\&
\&  Please run "biber \-\-help" for option details
.Ve
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
\&\f(CW\*(C`biber\*(C'\fR provides a replacement of the bibtex processor for users of biblatex.
.SH "OPTIONS"
.IX Header "OPTIONS"
.IP "\fB\-\-cache\fR" 4
.IX Item "--cache"
If running as a PAR::Packer binary, show the cache location and exit.
.IP "\fB\-\-clrmacros\fR" 4
.IX Item "--clrmacros"
Clears any BibTeX macros (@STRING) between BibLaTeX refsections. This prevents
BibTeX warnings about macro redefinitions if you are using the same datasource
several times for different refsections.
.IP "\fB\-\-collate|\-C\fR" 4
.IX Item "--collate|-C"
Sort with \f(CW\*(C`Unicode::Collate\*(C'\fR instead of the built-in sort function.
This is the default.
.IP "\fB\-\-collate\-options|\-c [options]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--collate-options|-c [options]"
Options to pass to the \f(CW\*(C`Unicode::Collate\*(C'\fR object used for sorting
(default is 'level => \*(L"4\*(R", variable => \*(L"non\-ignorable\*(R"').
See \f(CW\*(C`perldoc Unicode::Collate\*(C'\fR for details.
.IP "\fB\-\-configfile|\-g [file]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--configfile|-g [file]"
Use \fIfile\fR as configuration file for \f(CW\*(C`biber\*(C'\fR.
The default is the first file found among
\&\fIbiber.conf\fR in the current directory, \f(CW\*(C`$HOME/.biber.conf\*(C'\fR,
or else the output of \f(CW\*(C`kpsewhich biber.conf\*(C'\fR.
In tool mode, (\fB\-\-tool\fR) the \fIbiber\-tool.conf\fR installed with Biber is
always used to set defaults before potentially overriding the defaults with a user-defined
config specified with this option. Use the \fB\-\-tool\-config\fR option to view the location of
the default tool mode config file.
.IP "\fB\-\-convert\-control\fR" 4
.IX Item "--convert-control"
Converts the \fI.bcf\fR control file into html using an \s-1XSLT\s0 transform. Can
be useful for debugging. File is named by appending \f(CW\*(C`.html\*(C'\fR
to \fI.bcf\fR file.
.IP "\fB\-\-decodecharsset=[recode set name]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--decodecharsset=[recode set name]"
The set of characters included in the conversion routine when decoding
LaTeX macros into \s-1UTF\-8 \s0(which happens when \fB\-\-bblencoding|\-E\fR is set to
\&\s-1UTF\-8\s0). Set to \*(L"full\*(R" to try harder with a much larger set or \*(L"base\*(R" to
use a smaller basic set. Default is \*(L"base\*(R". You may want to try \*(L"full\*(R"
if you have less common \s-1UTF\-8\s0 characters in your data source. The recode
sets are defined in the reencoding data file which can be customised.
See the \-\-recodedata option and the \s-1PDF\s0 manual. The virtual set name \*(L"null\*(R"
may be specified which effectively turns off macro decoding.
.IP "\fB\-\-debug|\-D\fR" 4
.IX Item "--debug|-D"
Turn on debugging for \f(CW\*(C`biber\*(C'\fR.
.IP "\fB\-\-dot\-include=section,field,xdata,crossref,xref,related\fR" 4
.IX Item "--dot-include=section,field,xdata,crossref,xref,related"
Specifies the element to include in GraphViz \s-1DOT\s0 output format if the output format is 'dot'.
You can also choose to display crossref, xref, xdata and/or related entry connections.
The default if not specified is \f(CW\*(C`\-\-dot_include=section,xdata,crossref,xref\*(C'\fR.
.IP "\fB\-\-fastsort|\-f\fR" 4
.IX Item "--fastsort|-f"
Use Perl's sort instead of \f(CW\*(C`Unicode::Collate\*(C'\fR for sorting. Also uses
\&\s-1OS\s0 locale definitions (which may be broken for some languages ...).
.IP "\fB\-\-fixinits\fR" 4
.IX Item "--fixinits"
Try to fix broken multiple initials when they have no space between them in BibTeX
data sources. That is, \*(L"A.B. Clarke\*(R" becomes \*(L"A. B. Clarke\*(R" before name parsing.
This can slightly mess up things like \*(L"{U.K. Government}\*(R" and other esoteric cases.
.IP "\fB\-\-help|\-h\fR" 4
.IX Item "--help|-h"
Show this help message.
.IP "\fB\-\-input\-directory [directory]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--input-directory [directory]"
\&\fI.bcf\fR and data files will be looked for first in the \fIdirectory\fR. See the biber
\&\s-1PDF\s0 documentation for the other possibilities and how this interacts with the
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-\-output_directory\*(C'\fR option.
.IP "\fB\-\-input\-encoding|\-e [encoding]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--input-encoding|-e [encoding]"
Specify the encoding of the data source file(s). Default is \*(L"\s-1UTF\-8\*(R"\s0
Normally it's not necessary to set this as it's passed via the
\&.bcf file from biblatex's \f(CW\*(C`bibencoding\*(C'\fR option.
See \*(L"perldoc Encode::Supported\*(R" for a list of supported encodings.
The legacy option \fB\-\-bibencoding\fR is supported as an alias.
.IP "\fB\-\-input\-format=bibtex|biblatexml\fR" 4
.IX Item "--input-format=bibtex|biblatexml"
Biber input format. This option only means something in tool mode (see \fBtool\fR option) since
normally the input format of a data source is specified in the \fI.bcf\fR file and
therefore from the \fB\eaddbibresouce\fR macro in BibLaTeX.
The default value when in tool mode is 'bibtex'
.IP "\fB\-\-logfile [file]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--logfile [file]"
Use \fIfile.blg\fR as the name of the logfile.
.IP "\fB\-\-listsep=[sep]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--listsep=[sep]"
Use \fIsep\fR as the separator for BibTeX data source list fields. Defaults to BibTeX's usual
\&'and'.
.IP "\fB\-\-mincrossrefs|\-m [number]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--mincrossrefs|-m [number]"
Set threshold for crossrefs.
.IP "\fB\-\-mssplit=[string]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--mssplit=[string]"
Character used to split bibtex data source field names into field/form/language subfields when
using multiscript features. Defaults to underscore (\s-1ASCII 95\s0).
.IP "\fB\-\-namesep=[sep]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--namesep=[sep]"
Use \fIsep\fR as the separator for BibTeX data source name fields. Defaults to BibTeX's usual
\&'and'.
.IP "\fB\-\-noconf\fR" 4
.IX Item "--noconf"
Don't look for a configfile.
.IP "\fB\-\-nodieonerror\fR" 4
.IX Item "--nodieonerror"
Don't exit on errors, just log and continue as far as possible.
This can be useful if the error is something from, for example, the underlying
BibTeX parsing C library which can complain about parsing errors which can be ignored.
.IP "\fB\-\-nolog\fR" 4
.IX Item "--nolog"
Do not write any logfile.
.IP "\fB\-\-nostdmacros\fR" 4
.IX Item "--nostdmacros"
Don't automatically define any standard macros like month abbreviations.
If you also define these yourself, this option can be used to suppress
macro redefinition warnings.
.IP "\fB\-\-onlylog\fR" 4
.IX Item "--onlylog"
Do not write any message to screen.
.IP "\fB\-\-others\-string=[string]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--others-string=[string]"
Use \fIstring\fR as the final name in a name field which implies \*(L"et al\*(R". Defaults to BibTeX's usual
\&'others'.
.IP "\fB\-\-output\-align\fR" 4
.IX Item "--output-align"
Align field values in neat columns in output. Effect depends on the output format. Default is true.
The legacy option \fB\-\-tool_align\fR is supported as an alias.
.IP "\fB\-\-output\-directory [directory]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--output-directory [directory]"
Output files (including log files) are output to \fIdirectory\fR instead
of the current directory. Input files are also looked for in \fIdirectory\fR
before current directory (but after \f(CW\*(C`\-\-input_directory\*(C'\fR if that is specified).
.IP "\fB\-\-output\-encoding|\-E [encoding]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--output-encoding|-E [encoding]"
Specify the encoding of the output \f(CW\*(C`.bbl\*(C'\fR file. Default is \*(L"\s-1UTF\-8\*(R".\s0
Normally it's not necessary to set this as it's passed via the
\&.bcf file from biblatex's \f(CW\*(C`texencoding\*(C'\fR option.
See \f(CW\*(C`perldoc Encode::Supported\*(C'\fR for a list of supported encodings.
The legacy option \fB\-\-bblencoding\fR is supported as an alias.
.IP "\fB\-\-output\-indent=[num]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--output-indent=[num]"
Indentation for body of entries in output. Effect depends on the output format. Defaults to 2.
The legacy option \fB\-\-tool_indent\fR is supported as an alias.
.IP "\fB\-\-output\-fieldcase=upper|lower|title\fR" 4
.IX Item "--output-fieldcase=upper|lower|title"
Case for field names output. Effect depends on the output format. Defaults to 'upper'.
The legacy option \fB\-\-tool_fieldcase\fR is supported as an alias.
.IP "\fB\-\-output\-file|\-O [file]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--output-file|-O [file]"
Output to \fIfile\fR instead of \fIbasename.bbl\fR
\&\fIfile\fR is relative to \fB\-\-output_directory\fR, if set (absolute
paths in this case are stripped to filename only). \fIfile\fR can
be absolute if \fB\-\-output_directory\fR is not set.
The legacy option \fB\-\-outfile\fR is supported as an alias.
.IP "\fB\-\-output\-format=dot|bibtex|biblatexml|bbl\fR" 4
.IX Item "--output-format=dot|bibtex|biblatexml|bbl"
Biber output format. Default if not specified is of course, \fIbbl\fR. Use \fIdot\fR
to output a GraphViz \s-1DOT\s0 file instead of \fI.bbl\fR. This is a directed graph of
the bibliography data showing entries and, as requested, sections and fields.
You must process this file with \f(CW\*(C`dot\*(C'\fR, e.g. \f(CW\*(C`dot \-Tsvg test.dot \-o test.svg\*(C'\fR to
render the graph. See the \fB\-\-dot_include\fR option to select what is included in
the \s-1DOT\s0 output.
The legacy option \fB\-\-outformat\fR is supported as an alias.
.IP "\fB\-\-output\-macro\-fields=[field1, ... fieldn]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--output-macro-fields=[field1, ... fieldn]"
A comma-separated list of field names whose values are, on output, treated as BibTeX macros.
Effectively this means that they are not wrapped in braces. Effect depends on the output format.
The legacy option \fB\-\-tool_macro_fields\fR is supported as an alias.
.IP "\fB\-\-output\-resolve\fR" 4
.IX Item "--output-resolve"
Whether to resolve aliases and inheritance (\s-1XDATA, CROSSREF\s0 etc.) in tool mode. Defaults to 'false'.
The legacy option \fB\-\-tool_resolve\fR is supported as an alias.
.IP "\fB\-\-output\-safechars\fR" 4
.IX Item "--output-safechars"
Try to convert \s-1UTF\-8\s0 chars into LaTeX macros when writing the output.
This can prevent unknown char errors when using PDFLaTeX and inputenc
as this doesn't understand all of \s-1UTF\-8.\s0 Note, it is better to switch
to XeTeX or LuaTeX to avoid this situation. By default uses the
\&\-\-output_safecharsset \*(L"base\*(R" set of characters.
The legacy option \fB\-\-bblsafechars\fR is supported as an alias.
.IP "\fB\-\-output\-safecharsset=[recode set name]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--output-safecharsset=[recode set name]"
The set of characters included in the conversion routine for
\&\-\-output_safechars. Set to \*(L"full\*(R" to try harder with a much
larger set or \*(L"base\*(R" to use a basic set. Default is \*(L"base\*(R" which is
fine for most use cases. You may need to load more macro packages to
deal with the results of \*(L"full\*(R" (Dings, Greek characters, special
symbols etc.). The recode sets are defined in the reencoding data file which
can be customised. See the \-\-recodedata option and the \s-1PDF\s0 manual.
The legacy option \fB\-\-bblsafecharsset\fR is supported as an alias. The
virtual set name \*(L"null\*(R" may be specified which effectively turns off macro encoding.
.IP "\fB\-\-quiet|\-q\fR" 4
.IX Item "--quiet|-q"
Log only errors. If this option is used more than once, don't even log errors.
.IP "\fB\-\-recodedata=[file]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--recodedata=[file]"
The data file to use for the reencoding between \s-1UTF\-8\s0 and LaTeX macros. It defines
the sets specified with the \-\-output_safecharsset and \-\-decodecharsset options.
It defaults to \fIrecode_data.xml\fR in the same directory as Biber's \fIRecode.pm\fR module.
See the \s-1PDF\s0 documentation for the format of this file. If this option is
used, then \fIfile\fR should be somewhere \f(CW\*(C`kpsewhich\*(C'\fR can find it.
.IP "\fB\-\-sortcase=true|false\fR" 4
.IX Item "--sortcase=true|false"
Case-sensitive sorting (default is true).
.IP "\fB\-\-sortfirstinits=true|false\fR" 4
.IX Item "--sortfirstinits=true|false"
When sorting names, use only the first name initials, not full first name. Some people expect
the biblatex \fBfirstinits\fR option to do this but it needs to be a separate option in case
users, for example, need to show only initials but sort with full first names (default is false).
.IP "\fB\-\-sortlocale|\-l [locale]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--sortlocale|-l [locale]"
Set the locale to be used for sorting.  With default sorting
(\fB\-\-collate|\-C\fR), the locale is used to add \s-1CLDR\s0
tailoring to the sort (if available for the locale). With
\&\fB\-\-fastsort|\-f\fR this sets the \s-1OS\s0 locale for sorting.
.IP "\fB\-\-sortupper=true|false\fR" 4
.IX Item "--sortupper=true|false"
Whether to sort uppercase before lowercase when using
default sorting (\fB\-\-collate|\-C\fR). When
using \fB\-\-fastsort|\-f\fR, your \s-1OS\s0 collation locale determines
this and this option is ignored (default is true).
.IP "\fB\-\-ssl\-nointernalca\fR" 4
.IX Item "--ssl-nointernalca"
Don't try to use the default Mozilla \s-1CA\s0 certificates when using \s-1HTTPS\s0 to fetch remote data.
This assumes that the user will set one of the perl LWP::UserAgent module environment variables
to find the \s-1CA\s0 certs.
.IP "\fB\-\-ssl\-noverify\-host\fR" 4
.IX Item "--ssl-noverify-host"
Turn off host verification when using \s-1HTTPS\s0 to fetch remote data sources.
You may need this if the \s-1SSL\s0 certificate is self-signed for example.
.IP "\fB\-\-tool\fR" 4
.IX Item "--tool"
Run in tool mode. This mode is datasource centric rather than document centric. biber
reads a datasource (and a config file if specified), applies the command-line and config
file options to the datasource and writes a new datasource. Essentially,
this allows you to change your data sources using biber's transformation options (such as
source mapping, sorting etc.)
.IP "\fB\-\-tool\-config\fR" 4
.IX Item "--tool-config"
Show the location of the default tool mode config file and exit. Useful when you need to
copy this file and customise it.
.IP "\fB\-\-trace|T\fR" 4
.IX Item "--trace|T"
Turn on tracing. Also turns on \fB\-\-debug|d\fR and additionally provides a lot of low-level tracing
information in the log.
.IP "\fB\-u\fR" 4
.IX Item "-u"
Alias for \fB\-\-input_encoding=UTF\-8\fR
.IP "\fB\-U\fR" 4
.IX Item "-U"
Alias for \fB\-\-output_encoding=UTF\-8\fR
.IP "\fB\-\-validate\-config\fR" 4
.IX Item "--validate-config"
Schema validate the biber config file.
.IP "\fB\-\-validate\-control\fR" 4
.IX Item "--validate-control"
Schema validate the \fI.bcf\fR biblatex control file.
.IP "\fB\-\-validate\-datamodel|\-V\fR" 4
.IX Item "--validate-datamodel|-V"
Validate the data against a data model.
.IP "\fB\-\-version|\-v\fR" 4
.IX Item "--version|-v"
Display version number.
.IP "\fB\-\-wraplines|\-w\fR" 4
.IX Item "--wraplines|-w"
Wrap lines in the \fI.bbl\fR file.
.IP "\fB\-\-xsvsep=[sep]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--xsvsep=[sep]"
Use \fIsep\fR as the separator for fields of format type \*(L"xsv\*(R" in the data model. A Perl regexp can be specified. Defaults to a single comma surround by optional whitespace (\es*,\es*).
.SH "AUTHOR"
.IX Header "AUTHOR"
Franc\*,ois Charette, \f(CW\*(C`firmicus at ankabut.net\*(C'\fR

Philip Kime, \f(CW\*(C`Philip at kime.org.uk\*(C'\fR
.SH "BUGS & DOCUMENTATION"
.IX Header "BUGS & DOCUMENTATION"
To see the full documentation, run \fBtexdoc biber\fR or get the \fIbiber.pdf\fR
manual from SourceForge.
.PP
Please report any bugs or feature requests on our Github tracker at
<https://github.com/plk/biber/issues>.
.SH "COPYRIGHT & LICENSE"
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT & LICENSE"
Copyright 2009\-2014 Franc\*,ois Charette and Philip Kime, all rights reserved.
.PP
This module is free software.  You can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the Artistic License 2.0.
.PP
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but without any warranty; without even the implied warranty of
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.