NAME¶
s_server - SSL/TLS server program
SYNOPSIS¶
openssl s_server [
-accept port] [
-context id] [
-verify depth] [
-Verify depth] [
-crl_check] [
-crl_check_all] [
-cert filename] [
-certform DER|PEM] [
-key keyfile] [
-keyform DER|PEM] [
-pass arg] [
-dcert filename] [
-dcertform DER|PEM] [
-dkey keyfile] [
-dkeyform DER|PEM] [
-dpass arg] [
-dhparam filename] [
-nbio] [
-nbio_test] [
-crlf] [
-debug] [
-msg] [
-state] [
-CApath directory] [
-CAfile
filename] [
-no_alt_chains] [
-nocert] [
-client_sigalgs
sigalglist] [
-named_curve curve] [
-cipher cipherlist] [
-serverpref] [
-quiet] [
-no_tmp_rsa] [
-ssl2] [
-ssl3] [
-tls1] [
-no_ssl2] [
-no_ssl3] [
-no_tls1] [
-no_dhe] [
-bugs] [
-hack] [
-www] [
-WWW] [
-HTTP] [
-engine id] [
-tlsextdebug] [
-no_ticket] [
-id_prefix arg] [
-rand
file(s)] [
-serverinfo file] [
-no_resumption_on_reneg] [
-status] [
-status_verbose] [
-status_timeout nsec] [
-status_url url] [
-alpn protocols] [
-nextprotoneg
protocols]
DESCRIPTION¶
The
s_server command implements a generic SSL/TLS server which listens
for connections on a given port using SSL/TLS.
OPTIONS¶
- -accept port
- the TCP port to listen on for connections. If not specified 4433 is
used.
- -context id
- sets the SSL context id. It can be given any string value. If this option
is not present a default value will be used.
- -cert certname
- The certificate to use, most servers cipher suites require the use of a
certificate and some require a certificate with a certain public key type:
for example the DSS cipher suites require a certificate containing a DSS
(DSA) key. If not specified then the filename "server.pem" will
be used.
- -certform format
- The certificate format to use: DER or PEM. PEM is the default.
- -key keyfile
- The private key to use. If not specified then the certificate file will be
used.
- -keyform format
- The private format to use: DER or PEM. PEM is the default.
- -pass arg
- the private key password source. For more information about the format of
arg see the PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS section in
openssl(1).
- -dcert filename, -dkey keyname
- specify an additional certificate and private key, these behave in the
same manner as the -cert and -key options except there is no
default if they are not specified (no additional certificate and key is
used). As noted above some cipher suites require a certificate containing
a key of a certain type. Some cipher suites need a certificate carrying an
RSA key and some a DSS (DSA) key. By using RSA and DSS certificates and
keys a server can support clients which only support RSA or DSS cipher
suites by using an appropriate certificate.
- -dcertform format, -dkeyform format, -dpass arg
- additional certificate and private key format and passphrase
respectively.
- -nocert
- if this option is set then no certificate is used. This restricts the
cipher suites available to the anonymous ones (currently just anonymous
DH).
- -dhparam filename
- the DH parameter file to use. The ephemeral DH cipher suites generate keys
using a set of DH parameters. If not specified then an attempt is made to
load the parameters from the server certificate file. If this fails then a
static set of parameters hard coded into the s_server program will be
used.
- -no_dhe
- if this option is set then no DH parameters will be loaded effectively
disabling the ephemeral DH cipher suites.
- -no_tmp_rsa
- certain export cipher suites sometimes use a temporary RSA key, this
option disables temporary RSA key generation.
- -verify depth, -Verify depth
- The verify depth to use. This specifies the maximum length of the client
certificate chain and makes the server request a certificate from the
client. With the -verify option a certificate is requested but the
client does not have to send one, with the -Verify option the
client must supply a certificate or an error occurs.
If the ciphersuite cannot request a client certificate (for example an
anonymous ciphersuite or PSK) this option has no effect.
- -crl_check, -crl_check_all
- Check the peer certificate has not been revoked by its CA. The CRL(s) are
appended to the certificate file. With the -crl_check_all option
all CRLs of all CAs in the chain are checked.
- -CApath directory
- The directory to use for client certificate verification. This directory
must be in "hash format", see verify for more
information. These are also used when building the server certificate
chain.
- -CAfile file
- A file containing trusted certificates to use during client authentication
and to use when attempting to build the server certificate chain. The list
is also used in the list of acceptable client CAs passed to the client
when a certificate is requested.
- -no_alt_chains
- See the verify manual page for details.
- -state
- prints out the SSL session states.
- -debug
- print extensive debugging information including a hex dump of all
traffic.
- -msg
- show all protocol messages with hex dump.
- -nbio_test
- tests non blocking I/O
- -nbio
- turns on non blocking I/O
- -crlf
- this option translated a line feed from the terminal into CR+LF.
- -quiet
- inhibit printing of session and certificate information.
- -psk_hint hint
- Use the PSK identity hint hint when using a PSK cipher suite.
- -psk key
- Use the PSK key key when using a PSK cipher suite. The key is given
as a hexadecimal number without leading 0x, for example -psk
1a2b3c4d.
- -ssl2, -ssl3, -tls1, -tls1_1, -tls1_2,
-no_ssl2, -no_ssl3, -no_tls1, -no_tls1_1,
-no_tls1_2
- These options require or disable the use of the specified SSL or TLS
protocols. By default the initial handshake uses a version-flexible
method which will negotiate the highest mutually supported protocol
version.
- -bugs
- there are several known bug in SSL and TLS implementations. Adding this
option enables various workarounds.
- -hack
- this option enables a further workaround for some some early Netscape SSL
code (?).
- -client_sigalgs sigalglist
- Signature algorithms to support for client certificate authentication
(colon-separated list)
- -named_curve curve
- Specifies the elliptic curve to use. NOTE: this is single curve, not a
list. For a list of all possible curves, use:
$ openssl ecparam -list_curves
- -cipher cipherlist
- this allows the cipher list used by the server to be modified. When the
client sends a list of supported ciphers the first client cipher also
included in the server list is used. Because the client specifies the
preference order, the order of the server cipherlist irrelevant. See the
ciphers command for more information.
- -serverpref
- use the server's cipher preferences, rather than the client's
preferences.
- -tlsextdebug
- print out a hex dump of any TLS extensions received from the server.
- -no_ticket
- disable RFC4507bis session ticket support.
- -www
- sends a status message back to the client when it connects. This includes
lots of information about the ciphers used and various session parameters.
The output is in HTML format so this option will normally be used with a
web browser.
- -WWW
- emulates a simple web server. Pages will be resolved relative to the
current directory, for example if the URL https://myhost/page.html is
requested the file ./page.html will be loaded.
- -HTTP
- emulates a simple web server. Pages will be resolved relative to the
current directory, for example if the URL https://myhost/page.html is
requested the file ./page.html will be loaded. The files loaded are
assumed to contain a complete and correct HTTP response (lines that are
part of the HTTP response line and headers must end with CRLF).
- -engine id
- specifying an engine (by its unique id string) will cause
s_server to attempt to obtain a functional reference to the
specified engine, thus initialising it if needed. The engine will then be
set as the default for all available algorithms.
- -id_prefix arg
- generate SSL/TLS session IDs prefixed by arg. This is mostly useful
for testing any SSL/TLS code (eg. proxies) that wish to deal with multiple
servers, when each of which might be generating a unique range of session
IDs (eg. with a certain prefix).
- -rand file(s)
- a file or files containing random data used to seed the random number
generator, or an EGD socket (see RAND_egd(3)). Multiple files can
be specified separated by a OS-dependent character. The separator is
; for MS-Windows, , for OpenVMS, and : for all
others.
- -serverinfo file
- a file containing one or more blocks of PEM data. Each PEM block must
encode a TLS ServerHello extension (2 bytes type, 2 bytes length, followed
by "length" bytes of extension data). If the client sends an
empty TLS ClientHello extension matching the type, the corresponding
ServerHello extension will be returned.
- -no_resumption_on_reneg
- set SSL_OP_NO_SESSION_RESUMPTION_ON_RENEGOTIATION flag.
- -status
- enables certificate status request support (aka OCSP stapling).
- -status_verbose
- enables certificate status request support (aka OCSP stapling) and gives a
verbose printout of the OCSP response.
- -status_timeout nsec
- sets the timeout for OCSP response to nsec seconds.
- -status_url url
- sets a fallback responder URL to use if no responder URL is present in the
server certificate. Without this option an error is returned if the server
certificate does not contain a responder address.
- -alpn protocols, -nextprotoneg protocols
- these flags enable the Enable the Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation
or Next Protocol Negotiation extension, respectively. ALPN is the IETF
standard and replaces NPN. The protocols list is a comma-separated
list of supported protocol names. The list should contain most wanted
protocols first. Protocol names are printable ASCII strings, for example
"http/1.1" or "spdy/3".
CONNECTED COMMANDS¶
If a connection request is established with an SSL client and neither the
-www nor the
-WWW option has been used then normally any data
received from the client is displayed and any key presses will be sent to the
client.
Certain single letter commands are also recognized which perform special
operations: these are listed below.
- q
- end the current SSL connection but still accept new connections.
- Q
- end the current SSL connection and exit.
- r
- renegotiate the SSL session.
- R
- renegotiate the SSL session and request a client certificate.
- P
- send some plain text down the underlying TCP connection: this should cause
the client to disconnect due to a protocol violation.
- S
- print out some session cache status information.
NOTES¶
s_server can be used to debug SSL clients. To accept connections from a
web browser the command:
openssl s_server -accept 443 -www
can be used for example.
Most web browsers (in particular Netscape and MSIE) only support RSA cipher
suites, so they cannot connect to servers which don't use a certificate
carrying an RSA key or a version of OpenSSL with RSA disabled.
Although specifying an empty list of CAs when requesting a client certificate is
strictly speaking a protocol violation, some SSL clients interpret this to
mean any CA is acceptable. This is useful for debugging purposes.
The session parameters can printed out using the
sess_id program.
BUGS¶
Because this program has a lot of options and also because some of the
techniques used are rather old, the C source of s_server is rather hard to
read and not a model of how things should be done. A typical SSL server
program would be much simpler.
The output of common ciphers is wrong: it just gives the list of ciphers that
OpenSSL recognizes and the client supports.
There should be a way for the
s_server program to print out details of
any unknown cipher suites a client says it supports.
SEE ALSO¶
sess_id(1),
s_client(1),
ciphers(1)
HISTORY¶
The -no_alt_chains options was first added to OpenSSL 1.0.2b.