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| MYSQL_INSTALL_DB() | MYSQL_INSTALL_DB() |
NAME¶
mysql_install_db - initialize MySQL data directorySYNOPSIS¶
mysql_install_db [options]
DESCRIPTION¶
mysql_install_db initializes the MySQL data directory and creates the system tables that it contains, if they do not exist. It also initializes the system tablespace and related data structures needed to manage InnoDB tables. As of MySQL 5.6.8, mysql_install_db is a Perl script and can be used on any system with Perl installed. Before 5.6.8, it is a shell script and is available only on Unix platforms. As of MySQL 5.6.8, on Unix platforms, mysql_install_db creates a default option file named my.cnf in the base installation directory. This file is created from a template included in the distribution package named my-default.cnf. You can find the template in or under the base installation directory. When started using mysqld_safe, the server uses my.cnf file by default. If my.cnf already exists, mysql_install_db assumes it to be in use and writes a new file named my-new.cnf instead. With one exception, the settings in the default option file are commented and have no effect. The exception is that the file sets the sql_mode system variable to NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES. This setting produces a server configuration that results in errors rather than warnings for bad data in operations that modify transactional tables. See Section 5.1.7, “Server SQL Modes”. To invoke mysql_install_db, use the following syntax:shell> mysql_install_db [options]
shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql \
--basedir=/opt/mysql/mysql \
--datadir=/opt/mysql/mysql/data
•--help
Display a help message and exit.
•--basedir=dir_name
The path to the MySQL installation directory.
•--builddir=dir_name
For use with --srcdir and out-of-source builds. Set this to the location
of the directory where the built files reside.
•--cross-bootstrap
For internal use. This option is used for building system tables on one host
intended for another.
•--datadir=dir_name
The path to the MySQL data directory. Beginning with MySQL 5.6.8,
mysql_install_db is more strict about the option value. Only the last
component of the path name is created if it does not exist; the parent
directory must already exist or an error occurs.
•--defaults-extra-file=file_name
Read this option file after the global option file but (on Unix) before the user
option file. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error
occurs. file_name is interpreted relative to the current directory if
given as a relative path name rather than a full path name.
•--defaults-file=file_name
Use only the given option file. If the file does not exist or is otherwise
inaccessible, an error occurs. file_name is interpreted relative to the
current directory if given as a relative path name rather than a full path
name.
•--force
Cause mysql_install_db to run even if DNS does not work. Grant table
entries normally created using host names will use IP addresses instead.
•--keep-my-cnf
Tell mysql_install_db to preserve any existing my.cnf file and not create
a new default my.cnf file. This option was added in MySQL 5.6.20.
•--ldata=dir_name
A synonym for --datadir.
•--no-defaults
Do not read any option files. If program startup fails due to reading unknown
options from an option file, --no-defaults can be used to prevent them
from being read.
•--random-passwords
On Unix platforms, this option provides for more secure MySQL installation.
Invoking mysql_install_db with --random-passwords causes it to
perform the following actions in addition to its normal operation:
•The installation process creates a random
password, assigns it to the initial MySQL root accounts, and sets the
“password expired” flag for those accounts.
•The initial random root password is written to
the .mysql_secret file in the directory named by the HOME environment
variable. Depending on operating system, using a command such as sudo
may cause the value of HOME to refer to the home directory of the root system
user.
If .mysql_secret already exists, the new password information is appended to it.
Each password entry includes a timestamp so that in the event of multiple
install operations it is possible to determine the password associated with
each one.
.mysql_secret is created with mode 600 to be accessible only to the system user
for whom it is created.
•No anonymous-user MySQL accounts are
created.
As a result of these actions, it is necessary after installation to start the
server, connect as root using the password written to the .mysql_secret file,
and specify a new root password. Until this is done, root cannot do anything
else. This must be done for each root account you intend to use. To change the
password, you can use the SET PASSWORD statement (for example, with the
mysql client). You can also use mysqladmin or
mysql_secure_installation.
New RPM install operations (not upgrades) invoke mysql_install_db with
the --random-passwords option. (Install operations using RPMs for
Unbreakable Linux Network are unaffected because they do not use
mysql_install_db.)
As of MySQL 5.6.9, new Solaris PKG install operations (not upgrades) invoke
mysql_install_db with the --random-passwords option.
For install operations using a binary .tar.gz distribution or a source
distribution, you can invoke mysql_install_db with the
--random-passwords option manually to make your MySQL installation more
secure. This is recommended, particularly for sites with sensitive data.
This option was added in MySQL 5.6.8.•--rpm
For internal use. This option is used during the MySQL installation process for
install operations performed using RPM packages.
•--skip-name-resolve
Use IP addresses rather than host names when creating grant table entries. This
option can be useful if your DNS does not work.
•--srcdir=dir_name
For internal use. This option specifies the directory under which
mysql_install_db looks for support files such as the error message file
and the file for populating the help tables.
•--user=user_name
The system (login) user name to use for running mysqld. Files and
directories created by mysqld will be owned by this user. You must be
the system root user to use this option. By default, mysqld runs using
your current login name and files and directories that it creates will be
owned by you.
•--verbose
Verbose mode. Print more information about what the program does.
•--windows
For internal use. This option is used for creating Windows distributions.