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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "H2PH 1"
.TH H2PH 1 2023-11-30 "perl v5.38.2" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH NAME
h2ph \- convert .h C header files to .ph Perl header files
.SH SYNOPSIS
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
\&\fBh2ph [\-d destination directory] [\-r | \-a] [\-l] [\-h] [\-e] [\-D] [\-Q]
[headerfiles]\fR
.SH DESCRIPTION
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
\&\fIh2ph\fR
converts any C header files specified to the corresponding Perl header file
format.
It is most easily run while in /usr/include:
.PP
.Vb 1
\&        cd /usr/include; h2ph * sys/*
.Ve
.PP
or
.PP
.Vb 1
\&        cd /usr/include; h2ph * sys/* arpa/* netinet/*
.Ve
.PP
or
.PP
.Vb 1
\&        cd /usr/include; h2ph \-r \-l .
.Ve
.PP
The output files are placed in the hierarchy rooted at Perl's
architecture dependent library directory.  You can specify a different
hierarchy with a \fB\-d\fR switch.
.PP
If run with no arguments, filters standard input to standard output.
.SH OPTIONS
.IX Header "OPTIONS"
.IP "\-d destination_dir" 4
.IX Item "-d destination_dir"
Put the resulting \fB.ph\fR files beneath \fBdestination_dir\fR, instead of
beneath the default Perl library location (\f(CW$Config{\*(Aqinstallsitearch\*(Aq}\fR).
.IP \-r 4
.IX Item "-r"
Run recursively; if any of \fBheaderfiles\fR are directories, then run \fIh2ph\fR
on all files in those directories (and their subdirectories, etc.).  \fB\-r\fR
and \fB\-a\fR are mutually exclusive.
.IP \-a 4
.IX Item "-a"
Run automagically; convert \fBheaderfiles\fR, as well as any \fB.h\fR files
which they include.  This option will search for \fB.h\fR files in all
directories which your C compiler ordinarily uses.  \fB\-a\fR and \fB\-r\fR are
mutually exclusive.
.IP \-l 4
.IX Item "-l"
Symbolic links will be replicated in the destination directory.  If \fB\-l\fR
is not specified, then links are skipped over.
.IP \-h 4
.IX Item "-h"
Put 'hints' in the .ph files which will help in locating problems with
\&\fIh2ph\fR.  In those cases when you \fBrequire\fR a \fB.ph\fR file containing syntax
errors, instead of the cryptic
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&        [ some error condition ] at (eval mmm) line nnn
.Ve
.Sp
you will see the slightly more helpful
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&        [ some error condition ] at filename.ph line nnn
.Ve
.Sp
However, the \fB.ph\fR files almost double in size when built using \fB\-h\fR.
.IP \-e 4
.IX Item "-e"
If an error is encountered during conversion, output file will be removed and
a warning emitted instead of terminating the conversion immediately.
.IP \-D 4
.IX Item "-D"
Include the code from the \fB.h\fR file as a comment in the \fB.ph\fR file.
This is primarily used for debugging \fIh2ph\fR.
.IP \-Q 4
.IX Item "-Q"
\&'Quiet' mode; don't print out the names of the files being converted.
.SH ENVIRONMENT
.IX Header "ENVIRONMENT"
No environment variables are used.
.SH FILES
.IX Header "FILES"
.Vb 2
\& /usr/include/*.h
\& /usr/include/sys/*.h
.Ve
.PP
etc.
.SH AUTHOR
.IX Header "AUTHOR"
Larry Wall
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
\&\fBperl\fR\|(1)
.SH DIAGNOSTICS
.IX Header "DIAGNOSTICS"
The usual warnings if it can't read or write the files involved.
.SH BUGS
.IX Header "BUGS"
Doesn't construct the \f(CW%sizeof\fR array for you.
.PP
It doesn't handle all C constructs, but it does attempt to isolate
definitions inside evals so that you can get at the definitions
that it can translate.
.PP
It's only intended as a rough tool.
You may need to dicker with the files produced.
.PP
You have to run this program by hand; it's not run as part of the Perl
installation.
.PP
Doesn't handle complicated expressions built piecemeal, a la:
.PP
.Vb 7
\&    enum {
\&        FIRST_VALUE,
\&        SECOND_VALUE,
\&    #ifdef ABC
\&        THIRD_VALUE
\&    #endif
\&    };
.Ve
.PP
Doesn't necessarily locate all of your C compiler's internally-defined
symbols.