'\" t .\" Title: newusers .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot .\" Date: 22/01/2022 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema .\" Source: shadow-utils 4.11.1 .\" Language: Italian .\" .TH "NEWUSERS" "8" "22/01/2022" "shadow\-utils 4\&.11\&.1" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673 .\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html .\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq .el .ds Aq ' .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * set default formatting .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" disable hyphenation .nh .\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only) .ad l .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE * .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .SH "NOME" newusers \- aggiorna e crea nuovi utenti in blocco .SH "SINOSSI" .HP \w'\fBnewusers\fR\ 'u \fBnewusers\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] [\fIfile\fR] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP The \fBnewusers\fR command reads a \fIfile\fR (or the standard input by default) and uses this information to update a set of existing users or to create new users\&. Each line is in the same format as the standard password file (see \fBpasswd\fR(5)) with the exceptions explained below: .PP pw_name:pw_passwd:pw_uid:pw_gid:pw_gecos:pw_dir:pw_shell .PP \fIpw_name\fR .RS 4 Il nome dell\*(Aqutente\&. .sp It can be the name of a new user or the name of an existing user (or a user created before by \fBnewusers\fR)\&. In case of an existing user, the user\*(Aqs information will be changed, otherwise a new user will be created\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_passwd\fR .RS 4 Questo campo verr\(`a cifrato e utilizzato come nuovo valore per la password cifrata\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_uid\fR .RS 4 Definisce l\*(AqUID dell\*(Aqutente\&. .sp If the field is empty, a new (unused) UID will be defined automatically by \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp Se questo campo contiene un numero, verr\(`a utilizzato come UID\&. .sp If this field contains the name of an existing user (or the name of a user created before by \fBnewusers\fR), the UID of the specified user will be used\&. .sp Se viene cambiato l\*(AqUID di un utente esistente, la propriet\(`a dei file di propriet\(`a dell\*(Aqutente stesso andr\(`a cambiata manualmente\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_gid\fR .RS 4 Definisce il l\*(AqID del gruppo primario dell\*(Aqutente\&. .sp If this field contains the name of an existing group (or a group created before by \fBnewusers\fR), the GID of this group will be used as the primary group ID for the user\&. .sp Se questo campo \(`e numerico, questo numero verr\(`a utilizzato come ID del gruppo primario dell\*(Aqutente\&. Se non esiste nessun gruppo con quel GID, ne viene creato uno con il nome dell\*(Aqutente e il GID specificato\&. .sp If this field is empty, a new group will be created with the name of the user and a GID will be automatically defined by \fBnewusers\fR to be used as the primary group ID for the user and as the GID for the new group\&. .sp If this field contains the name of a group which does not exist (and was not created before by \fBnewusers\fR), a new group will be created with the specified name and a GID will be automatically defined by \fBnewusers\fR to be used as the primary group ID for the user and GID for the new group\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_gecos\fR .RS 4 Questo campo viene copiato nel campo GECOS dell\*(Aqutente\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_dir\fR .RS 4 Questo campo \(`e utilizzato per impostare la directory home dell\*(Aqutente\&. .sp If this field does not specify an existing directory, the specified directory is created, with ownership set to the user being created or updated and its primary group\&. Note that \fInewusers does not create parent directories \fR of the new user\*(Aqs home directory\&. The newusers command will fail to create the home directory if the parent directories do not exist, and will send a message to stderr informing the user of the failure\&. The newusers command will not halt or return a failure to the calling shell if it fails to create the home directory, it will continue to process the batch of new users specified\&. .sp If the home directory of an existing user is changed, \fBnewusers\fR does not move or copy the content of the old directory to the new location\&. This should be done manually\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_shell\fR .RS 4 Questo campo definisce la shell dell\*(Aqutente\&. Su questo campo non viene fatto nessun controllo\&. .RE .PP \fBnewusers\fR first tries to create or change all the specified users, and then write these changes to the user or group databases\&. If an error occurs (except in the final writes to the databases), no changes are committed to the databases\&. .PP Durante il primo passaggio gli utenti vengono creati con la password bloccata (e le password non sono modificate nel caso di utenti che non sono creati)\&. Un secondo passaggio si occupa di aggiornare tutte le password usando PAM\&. I problemi durante l\*(Aqaggiornamento delle password sono riportati, ma non interrompono la modifica delle altre password\&. .PP Questo comando \(`e appositamente pensato per grossi sistemi nei quali molti account sono aggiornati allo stesso tempo\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP The options which apply to the \fBnewusers\fR command are: .PP \fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& .RS 4 Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .RE .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-system\fR .RS 4 Crea un account di sistema\&. .sp System users will be created with no aging information in /etc/shadow, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR range, defined in login\&.defs, instead of \fBUID_MIN\fR\-\fBUID_MAX\fR (and their \fBGID\fR counterparts for the creation of groups)\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 Apply changes in the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR directory\&. .RE .SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT" .PP Il file di input deve essere protetto poich\('e contiene password non cifrate\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs change the behavior of this tool: .SH "FILE" .PP /etc/passwd .RS 4 Informazioni sugli account utente\&. .RE .PP /etc/shadow .RS 4 Informazioni sicure sugli account utente\&. .RE .PP /etc/group .RS 4 Informazioni sugli account di gruppo\&. .RE .PP /etc/gshadow .RS 4 Informazioni sicure sugli account di gruppo\&. .RE .PP /etc/login\&.defs .RS 4 Configurazione del pacchetto password shadow .RE .PP /etc/pam\&.d/newusers .RS 4 PAM configuration for \fBnewusers\fR\&. .RE .PP /etc/subgid .RS 4 Per user subordinate group IDs\&. .RE .PP /etc/subuid .RS 4 Per user subordinate user IDs\&. .RE .SH "VEDERE ANCHE" .PP \fBlogin.defs\fR(5), \fBpasswd\fR(1), \fBsubgid\fR(5), \fBsubuid\fR(5), \fBuseradd\fR(8)\&.