Scroll to navigation

UCARP(8) System Manager's Manual UCARP(8)

NAME

ucarp — Automatic IP failover

SYNOPSIS

ucarp [-i, --interface=INTERFACE] [-s, --srcip= IPADDRESS]
[-v, --vhid=VHID] [-p, --pass=PASSWORD] [ -o, --passfile=PASSFILE]
[-P, --preempt] [-n, --neutral] [-a, --addr=IPADDR] [-h, --help]
[-b, --advbase=SECS] [-k, --advskew=SKEW] [-u, --upscript=SCRIPT]
[-d, --downscript=SCRIPT] [-r, --deadratio=RATIO] [-z, --shutdown]
[-B, --daemonize] [-f, --facility=FACILITY] [-x, --xparam PARAM]
[-S, --ignoreifstate] [-M, --nomcast]

DESCRIPTION

ucarp allows a pair of hosts to share common IP addresses in order to provide automatic failover of an address from one machine to another. It is a portable userland implementation of the secure and patent-free Common Address Redundancy Protocol, (CARP), OpenBSD's alternative to VRRP.

OPTIONS

ucarp supports the following command line options:
-i INTERFACE --interface=INTERFACE
The network interface to bind to.
-s IPADDRESS --srcip=IPADDRESS
The persistent source address, (real IP), associated with this interface.
-v VHID --vhid=VHID
The id of the virtual server [1-255].
-p PASSWORD --pass=PASSWORD
The shared password, (this gets encrypted and is not sent in the clear).
-o PASSFILE --passfile=PASSFILE
File to read the shared password from. The file specified should contain the password on the first line of the file.
-P --preempt
Turn on preemptive failover. This causes an instance of ucarp to assume master status right immediately.
-n --neutral
Do not run the downscript on startup when the initial state is backup.
-a IPADDRESS --addr=IPADDRESS
The IP address of the virtual server.
-h --help
Display a brief summary of the command line options.
-b SECONDS --advbase=SECONDS
Interval in seconds that advertisements will occur, (defaults to 1 second).
-k SKEW --advskew=SKEW
Advertisement skew [1-255], (defaults to 0).
-u COMMAND --upscript=COMMAND
Specifies the command to run after ucarp has successfully become master, the interface name gets passed as an argument. Typically a script used to bring up the virtual address, log the result, add routes, clear arp cache entries, etc.
-d COMMAND --downscript=COMMAND
Specifies the command that is run after ucarp has transitioned to the backup state, the interface name is passed as an argument. This is typically a script used to bring down the virtual interface, log the action, remove routes, etc.
-r RATIO --deadratio=RATIO
Ratio used by the backup to determine how long to wait for an unresponsive master before considering it dead.
-z --shutdown
Use of this command causes the command specified by the -d argument to be invoked when ucarp shuts down.
-B --daemonize
Causes ucarp to detach from the terminal and run in the background as a daemon.
-f --facility
Set the syslog facility, defaults to daemon.
-x PARAMETER --xparam=PARAMETER
Specify an extra parameter to be supplied to the up/down scripts.
-S --ignoreifstate
Ignore unplugged network cables. This option is useful when ucarp nodes are connected with a crossover cable. Without this option the master will transition to backup when the other node is powered down, as it no longer has a link (NO-CARRIER).

-M --nomcast
Use broadcast instead of multicast advertisements.

EXAMPLES

A host with a real IP of 10.1.1.10 configured to be the master in a preemptive configuration with a virtual IP of 10.1.1.252. 

    ucarp -i eth0 -s 10.1.1.10 -v 10 -p secret -a 10.1.1.252 \ 
    --upscript=/etc/vip-up.sh --downscript=/etc/vip-down.sh -P

The backup might be configured something like this.

    ucarp -i eth0 -s 10.1.1.11 -v 10 -p secret -a 10.1.1.252 \ 
    --upscript=/etc/vip-up.sh --downscript=/etc/vip-down.sh

A machine with a real IP of 192.168.1.19 is the preferred master for a virtual IP of 10.1.12.7, broadcasts are sent every 5 seconds.

    ucarp -b 5 -s 192.168.1.19 -v 27 -p badpass -a 10.1.12.7 \ 
    -u /etc/vip-up.sh -d /etc/vip-down.sh -z

The hot standby with an IP of 192.168.1.20 uses the following command, (note the advskew of 50 putting it at a disadvantage and making the first machine preferred).

    ucarp -b 5 -k 50 -s 192.168.1.20 -v 27 -p badpass -a 10.1.12.7 \ 
    -u /etc/vip-up.sh -d /etc/vip-down.sh -z

SIGNALS

Sending the ucarp process a SIGUSR1 will have it log a status line to syslog, eg "Sep 13 12:59:56 localhost ucarp[2654]: [INFO] MASTER on eth0 id 1" or "Sep 13 13:00:25 localhost ucarp[2644]: [INFO] BACKUP on eth0 id 1"

Sending the ucarp process a SIGUSR2 will cause it to demote itself from master to backup, pause 3 seconds, then proceed as usual to listen for other masters, and promote itself if necessary. This could be useful if you wish another node to take over master.

AUTHOR

ucarp was written by Frank Denis, <j@ucarp.org>.

This manual page was written by Eric Evans <eevans@debian.org> for the Debian system (but may be used by others). Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU General Public License, Version 2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation.

On Debian systems, the complete text of the GNU General Public License can be found in /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL.