.\" t
.TH ERROR::PASS2 7stap 
.SH NAME
error::pass2 \- systemtap pass-2 errors

.SH DESCRIPTION
Errors that occur during pass 2 (elaboration) can have a variety of causes.
Common types include:

.TP
missing debuginfo
The script requires debuginfo to resolve a probe point, but could not
find any.  See
.IR error::dwarf (7stap)
and
.IR warning::debuginfo (7stap)
for more details.

.TP
unavailable probe point classes
Some types of probe points are only available on certain system versions,
architectures, and configurations.  For example, user-space 
.IR process.*
probes may require utrace or uprobes capability in the kernel for this
architecture.

.TP
unavailable probe points
Some probe points may be individually unavailable even when their class is
fine.  For example,
.IR kprobe.function("foobar")
may fail if function
.IR foobar
does not exist in the kernel any more.  Debugging or symbol data may be absent for
some types of 
.IR .function " or " .statement
probes; check for availability of debuginfo.  Try the
.IR stap\-prep
program to download possibly-required debuginfo.
Use a wildcard parameter such as
.I stap \-l 'kprobe.function("*foo*")'
to locate still-existing variants.  Use
.IR ! " or " ?
probe point suffixes to denote optional / preferred-alternatives, to let
the working parts of a script continue.

.TP
typos
There might be a spelling error in the probe point name ("sycsall" vs.
"syscall").  Wildcard probes may not find a match at all in the
tapsets.  Recheck the names using
.IR "stap \-l PROBEPOINT" .
Another common mistake is to use the
.IR .
operator instead of the correct 
.IR \->
when dereferencing context variable subfields or pointers:
.IR $foo\->bar\->baz
even if in C one would say
.IR foo\->bar.baz .

.TP
unavailable context variables
Systemtap scripts often wish to refer to variables from the context of the
probed programs using
.IR $variable
notation.  These variables may not always be available, depending on versions
of the compiler, debugging/optimization flags used, architecture, etc.  Use
.IR "stap \-L PROBEPOINT"
to list available context variables for given probes.  Use the
.IR @defined()
expression to test for the resolvability of a context variable expression.
Consider using the
.IR "stap \-\-skip\-badvars"
option to silently replace misbehaving context variable expressions with zero.
Experiment with the
.IR "stap \-\-prologue\-searching"
option.

.TP
module cache inconsistencies
Occasionally, the systemtap module cache ($HOME/.systemtap/cache) might 
contain obsolete information from a prior system configuration/version,
and produce false results as systemtap attempts to reuse it.  Retrying
with
.IR "stap \-\-poison\-cache ..."
forces new information to be generated.  
.BR Note:
this should not happen and likely represents a systemtap bug.  Please
report it.

.SH GATHERING MORE INFORMATION
Increasing the verbosity of pass-2 with an option such as
.IR "--vp 02"
can help pinpoint the problem.

.SH SEE ALSO
.nh
.nf
.IR stap (1),
.IR stap-prep (1),
.IR stapprobes (3stap),
.IR probe::* (3stap),
.IR error::dwarf (7stap),
.IR error::inode-uprobes (7stap),
.IR warning::debuginfo (7stap),
.IR error::reporting (7stap)