'\" t .\" Title: pwconv .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 .\" Date: 07/02/2020 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme .\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8.1 .\" Language: French .\" .TH "PWCONV" "8" "07/02/2020" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8\&.1" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673 .\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html .\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq .el .ds Aq ' .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * set default formatting .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" disable hyphenation .nh .\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only) .ad l .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE * .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .SH "NOM" pwconv, pwunconv, grpconv, grpunconv \- Convertir vers ou depuis les fichiers de mots de passe ou de groupe cach\('es .SH "SYNOPSIS" .HP \w'\fBpwconv\fR\ 'u \fBpwconv\fR [\fIoptions\fR] .HP \w'\fBpwunconv\fR\ 'u \fBpwunconv\fR [\fIoptions\fR] .HP \w'\fBgrpconv\fR\ 'u \fBgrpconv\fR [\fIoptions\fR] .HP \w'\fBgrpunconv\fR\ 'u \fBgrpunconv\fR [\fIoptions\fR] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP The \fBpwconv\fR command creates \fIshadow\fR from \fIpasswd\fR and an optionally existing \fIshadow\fR\&. .PP The \fBpwunconv\fR command creates \fIpasswd\fR from \fIpasswd\fR and \fIshadow\fR and then removes \fIshadow\fR\&. .PP The \fBgrpconv\fR command creates \fIgshadow\fR from \fIgroup\fR and an optionally existing \fIgshadow\fR\&. .PP The \fBgrpunconv\fR command creates \fIgroup\fR from \fIgroup\fR and \fIgshadow\fR and then removes \fIgshadow\fR\&. .PP These four programs all operate on the normal and shadow password and group files: /etc/passwd, /etc/group, /etc/shadow, and /etc/gshadow\&. .PP Each program acquires the necessary locks before conversion\&. \fBpwconv\fR and \fBgrpconv\fR are similar\&. First, entries in the shadowed file which don\*(Aqt exist in the main file are removed\&. Then, shadowed entries which don\*(Aqt have `x\*(Aq as the password in the main file are updated\&. Any missing shadowed entries are added\&. Finally, passwords in the main file are replaced with `x\*(Aq\&. These programs can be used for initial conversion as well to update the shadowed file if the main file is edited by hand\&. .PP \fBpwconv\fR will use the values of \fIPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR, \fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR, and \fIPASS_WARN_AGE\fR from /etc/login\&.defs when adding new entries to /etc/shadow\&. .PP Likewise \fBpwunconv\fR and \fBgrpunconv\fR are similar\&. Passwords in the main file are updated from the shadowed file\&. Entries which exist in the main file but not in the shadowed file are left alone\&. Finally, the shadowed file is removed\&. Some password aging information is lost by \fBpwunconv\fR\&. It will convert what it can\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP The options which apply to the \fBpwconv\fR, \fBpwunconv\fR, \fBgrpconv\fR, and \fBgrpunconv\fR commands are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 Apply changes in the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR directory\&. .RE .SH "BOGUES" .PP Errors in the password or group files (such as invalid or duplicate entries) may cause these programs to loop forever or fail in other strange ways\&. Please run \fBpwck\fR and \fBgrpck\fR to correct any such errors before converting to or from shadow passwords or groups\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP The following configuration variable in /etc/login\&.defs changes the behavior of \fBgrpconv\fR and \fBgrpunconv\fR: .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group (with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&. .sp Cette fonctionnalit\('e (groupe d\('ecoup\('e) permet de limiter la longueur des lignes dans le fichier de groupes\&. Ceci est utile pour s\*(Aqassurer que les lignes pour les groupes NIS ne sont pas plus grandes que 1024 caract\(`eres\&. .sp Si vous avez besoin de configurer cette limite, vous pouvez utiliser 25\&. .sp Remarque\ \&: les groupes d\('ecoup\('es ne sont peut\-\(^etre pas pris en charge par tous les outils (m\(^eme dans la suite d\*(Aqoutils Shadow)\&. Vous ne devriez pas utiliser cette variable, sauf si vous en avez vraiment besoin\&. .RE .PP The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs change the behavior of \fBpwconv\fR: .PP \fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre maximum de jours de validit\('e d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Apr\(`es cette dur\('ee, une modification du mot de passe est obligatoire\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&. .RE .PP \fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre minimum de jours autoris\('e avant la modification d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Toute tentative de modification du mot de passe avant cette dur\('ee est rejet\('ee\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&. .RE .PP \fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre de jours durant lesquels l\*(Aqutilisateur recevra un avertissement avant que son mot de passe n\*(Aqarrive en fin de validit\('e\&. Une valeur n\('egative signifie qu\*(Aqaucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, aucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP /etc/login\&.defs .RS 4 Configuration de la suite des mots de passe cach\('es \(Fo\ \&shadow password\ \&\(Fc\&. .RE .SH "VOIR AUSSI" .PP \fBgrpck\fR(8), \fBlogin.defs\fR(5), \fBpwck\fR(8)\&.